2021届新高考英语二轮创新练习：题型重组练（二） WORD版含解析.doc

题型重组练(二)(限时30分钟)对应学生用书(单独成册)第144页.阅读理解(2020·开封一模)Andrew Grey doesn't fit most people's idea of an astronomer.He works in a car repair shop，not in a lab or university，yet the Australian repairman discovered a star system hiding in data from NASA's Kepler space telescope.Mr.Grey is one of millions of citizen scientists helping researchers to expand collective understanding.For centuries，only a few ordinary people had been contributing to science，but advances in technology have brought a higher level of democratization(民主化)to science.“This is a collaborative(合作的)effort that anyone could get involved in，”says Chris Lintott，an Oxford University astrophysicist(天体物理学家)and co­founder of Zooniverse，a platform that hosts dozens of citizen science projects.Citizen scientists can contribute to breakthroughs in almost any field，from ecology to astrophysics.“As long as pattern recognition is involved，there are no limits to what can become a citizen science project，” Lintott says.“Anyone can identify patterns in images，graphs，or even seemingly boring data after a short tutorial.Machine learning allows computers to do some pattern recognition.But humans，particularly amateur scientists，don't stay focused on what they're supposed to.And that's good，because people who do that notice the unusual things in a data set.”“And citizen science doesn't have to be directed by a scientist，” says Sheila Jasanoff，director of the Program on Science，Technology and Society at Harvard University.“Citizens producing knowledge in places where official organs have failed them can also be citizen scientists，” she says.That's what happened in Flint，Michigan，when a local mother started drinking water tests that caused a broader investigation of lead levels.Citizen­powered research is as old as scientific inquiry.For centuries before science became professionalized，regular people looked for patterns in the world around them.Despite a lot of advanced equipment and computer models，scientists still welcome help from everyday people.As a professional scientist himself，Lintott says，“People think that we're intelligent，but science is easy and we need your help.”语篇解读数个世纪以来，只有少数普通人为科学做出了贡献，但科技的进步已经为科学带来了更高水平的民主化，科学是任何人都能参与的，每个人都有可能成为科学家。1What made citizen scientists appear?AThe high level of science projects.BThe development of technology.CThe support of the government.DThe foundation of Zooniverse.解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“only a few ordinary people had been contributing to science.to science”可知，科技的进步为科学带来了更高水平的民主化，从而使更多的普通人也能参与科学研究，促成了公民科学家的出现，故选B。答案：B2What is an advantage of humans in pattern recognition compared with machines?AHumans can identify patterns more swiftly.BHumans focus their attention on data.CHumans can observe uncommon things.DHumans have stronger emotions.解析：细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“And that's good，because people who do that notice the unusual things in a data set.”可知，在模式识别方面，人类与机器相比，人类的优势在于其能够注意到一些不寻常的东西，故C项正确。答案：C3What is Lintott's attitude towards citizen science?AFavorable.BCautious.CIndifferent. DDoubtful.解析：观点态度题。根据第三段Lintott表述的科学人人都能参与，第四段他表述的公民科学家有自身的优势和尾段中他说的话“People think that we're intelligent，but science is easy and we need your help.”可推知，Lintott支持公民科学，故选A。答案：A4What would be the best title of the text?ACitizen Scientists Can Be IntelligentBScience Is Important to EveryoneCAnyone Can Be a ScientistDScience Is Everywhere解析：标题归纳题。文章第一段以表述澳大利亚汽车修理工Andrew Grey成为公民科学家来引入话题，接着又讲到天体物理学家Chris Lintott和Sheila Jasanoff对于公民科学的看法，并结合倒数第二段中的“scientists still welcome help from everyday people”可知，本文主要肯定了公民科学家，表达了任何人都可能成为科学家的观点，故C项最适合作文章标题。答案：C词汇积累：Para.1：fit v符合astronomer n天文学家Para.2：collective adj.集体的，共有的，共同的Para.4：graph n图表data set n数据集Para.5：drinking water n饮用水investigation n科学研究Para.6：inquiry n探究professionalize v使专业化构词：tutor n导师tutorial n使用说明.完形填空(2020·安徽部分重点校高三联考)Mikalin still remembers the exact moment she was separated from her mother，on September 24，1975.Then just four years old，she and her mother were walking through Penn Station in New York.Mikalin_1_a candy store and asked whether she could go in.She thought her mother said yes，_2_she entered.When she returned，her mother was_3_A police officer found her wandering around the train station alone and took her to the police station._4_，she was placed in an orphanage(孤儿院)Two years later，she was_5_Her new family named her Michelle.In 2001，_6_for any information about her birth mother，she_7_on a website that she had been left at Penn Station and was_8_her birth mother.Lynn­Marie Carty，founder of ，saw the_9_and decided to help her.Carty had been following the case for 16 years without a_10_However，in December 2017，she sent Mikalin a DNA test as a present.Carty found that Mikalin was a(n)_11_with a woman named Kelly Warren，who_12_to be Mikalin's first cousin.Carty called Kelly，who_13_that her uncle Richard Sm