高中英语语法复习：定语从句中应注意的问题.ppt

1、1.The man is my teacher.2.This is the book 3.The man is my brother.4.I will remember the things5.The room is mine.6.The girl is in my school.7.This is the same coat .8.Dont read such books9.he didnt come.10.I still remember the day 11.The school is very beautiful.who is talking to my motherwhich is

2、about medicinewhom I spoke to just nowwhich I saw in the schoolwhose window faces the streetwhose father works abroadas I boughtas are not interestingAs we expected,when I met her.where he works定 语 从 句定语从句（一）1.定语从句:用来修饰主句中某一名词或代词的从句.它一 般都跟在所修饰的名词或代词的后面,被定语从句修饰的词称为先行词,引导定语从句的词叫关系词,分为关系代词和关系副词.2.引导词:关

3、系代词:who,whom,which,that,whose,as（主宾表）关系副词:when,where,why（状）(whose作定语;whom作宾语)人人物人/物定语从句（二）that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换,但在下列情况下,一般用that,不用which。(1)先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much 等不定代词时。I am sure she has something(that)you can borrow.(2)先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much等修饰时。

4、Ive read all the books that are not mine.(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。This is the first book(that)he has read.(4)先行词被the only,the very,the last修饰时。This is the very book that I am looking for.（5）先行词既有人，又有物，引导词只用that The school and students that he visited made a deepimpression(印象)on him.(6)Who/Which/What.之后引导词用

5、that,不用who或whichWho is the lady that is talking to our teacher?Which is the book that you want to read?All _ he learned from the teachers is valuable.You can find all the information _ you need on the Internet.He told me everything _ he heard at the meeting.Sydney is the first place _ I visited in A

6、ustralia.This is the most amusing(惊讶的)story _ I have read.The only information _ I got is his address.This is the very moment _ can decide your future.Ill never forget the beautiful village and the kind villagers _ I visited the summer holiday.Who is the man _is standing by the window?thatthatthatth

7、atthatthatthatthatthat1.非限制性定语从句He came late again,which made me angry.2.关系词前有介词This is the room in which Chairman once lived.3.一个句子中含有两个定从，一个关系代词用that,另一个用whichLet me show you the book that I borrowed from the library which was newly open to us.定语从句（三）只用which,不用that1.先行词one,ones,anyone,指代人The perso

8、n I want to learn from is one who studies hard.2.There be There is a gentleman who wants to see you3.先行词在被分割的定语从句中I met a foreigner in the park yesterday who can speak Chinese well4.一个句子中两个定从，一个用that,另一个whoThe man that was praised at the meeting is the monitor who is very modest.定语从句（四）修饰人只用who,不用th

9、at定语从句（五）引导词在从句中作主语时，从句中谓语动词的单复数与所修饰的先行词保持一致。This is the girl who _(practise)the piano every day.He has a daughter who _(be)very pretty.He had two daughters who _(be)beautiful.practisesiswere1.One of 结构中：Tom is one of the boys who were late.Tom is the(only/the only)of the boys who was late.2.I,who _

10、 fond of music,decide to major in music at college.am定语从句（六）引导词在从句中做宾语，可以省略。Your friend(_ studies in Beijing University)came to see you yesterday.He is the man(_you have been waiting for.)The necklace(_ Mary borrowed from her friend)was made of glass.The book(that I borrowed it from the library)is w

11、ell written.The watch I gave it to her works well.who/thatwho/that/whom/which/that/定语从句（七）关系代词在从句中作介词的宾语时，可以把从句中介词提前，放在先行词与关系代词之间，当介词提前，关系代词代指人仅用whom，代指物 仅用which The man _you talked to is a famous actor.The man to _you talked is a famous actor.The book _I heard about was written ten years ago.The bo

12、ok about _I heard was written ten years ago.whom/who/that/-whomwhich/that/-which1.Do you know the student _?A.whom I often talk B.with who I often talkC.I often talk with D.that I often talk2.Can you tell me the book_the other day?A.you talked about B.about that you talkedC.that you talked D.which y

13、ou talkedCA定语从句（八）当先行词为时间、地点名词，且从句中缺少时间、地点状语，用关系副词when,where引导从句。当先行词为reason,且从句中缺少原因状语，用关系副词why 引导从句I still remember the day _I first came to Ji xi.whenIll never forget the time _we worked on the farm.whenThis is the house _we lived last year.whereThe factory _his father works is in the west of the

14、 city.whereThis was the reason_I was late.whyTell the difference between them.This is the factory(_ makes shoes.)This is the factory(_ his father works.)This is the factory(_ we visited yesterday.)The day(_ I will never forget)is January 30th.I can not forget the day(_ I joined the party).#Please te

15、ll me the reason(_you are late.)He has told me the reason(_ can explain his absence(缺席)from the meeting.)The reason(_he told us)was not true.#which/thatwherewhich/that/-which/that/-whenwhywhich/thatwhich/that/-定语从句（九）1.关系副词when 和where引导的定语从句中，when和where 可以用介词+which 来代替，介词要根据与先行词的关系来确定。He will rememb

16、er the years _he studied at college.when/in whichThis is the farm _my father used to work.where/on which2.关系副词why引导的定语从句中,why 可以用for+which 来代替Do you know the reason why/for which he was late?1.Is this the hospital_he worked ten years ago?A.that B.which C.in which D.in where2.His uncle works in a fac

17、tory_bicycles are made.A that B.whichC.where D.in that3.The Second World War _millions of people were killed ended in 1945.A during which B.in that C.where D.on whichCCA定语从句（十）whose 引导的定语从句 形式为:whose+名词,表示所属关系,即 某人的.或某物的.,如.Do you know the boy whose father is a scientist?.There are many trees whose

18、leaves have fallen because of disease.The girl whose dress is red is my sister.表示所属关系时,介词用of,关系代词为which/whom,即the+名词+of+which/whom,可转换为whose+名词.He lives in a room,the window of which faces west.He lives in a room,of which the window faces west.,whose window faces west.The child was saved by a man,th

19、e name of whom was not known.The child was saved by a man,of whom the name was not known.,whose name was not known.定语从句（十一）as引导的定语从句 as引导定语从句通常用在一些固定的句型中,如:the same.as.,such.as.,as we expected,as we all know,as he realized,as is necessaryas is often the case,as we all can see,as is mentioned等.1.This

20、 is the same watch as I lost.2.Dont read such books as are not useful.3.As we expected,he didnt come.1.As we all know,the earth is round.2.As is mentioned above,smoking is bad for our health.3.You have made the same mistake as you made last time.4.As is known to everyone,the moon travels round the e

21、arth every month.5.As is often the case,he wins the first in the examination.The policeman _ reported the accident thinks it was Toms fault.The man _ I saw told me to come back today.The friend with _ I was traveling could speak French.The film is about a man _ wife is a film star This is the pictur

22、e _ made me think of my childhood.The house _ windows face the south belongs to the Johns.They are talking about the things and persons _ they saw on the island.My hometown is not such a place _ it used to be ten years ago.The boy _ I thought was honest is actually a liar.(说谎者）who/thatwho/that/whom/

23、-whomwhosewhich/thatwhosethataswho/that定语从句（十二）介词+关系代词(介词的选择)用于这种情况的关系代词一般为which(指物)和whom(指人)1.根据从句中动词短语来确定.This is the car for which you paid a high price.(pay for)The man with whom you shook hands just now is Tom.(shake hands with sb)2.根据先行词确定.when,where,why=介词关系代词。.Ill never forget the day on whi

24、ch（=when）I joined the army.The factory in which（=where）his father works is far away from my hometown.I dont know the reason for which（why）he was late for school.This is the camera with which he often takes photos.3.表示所属关系时,介词用of,即the+名词+of+which/whom,=whose+名词.He lives in a room,the window of which

25、faces west.He lives in a room,of which the window faces west.,whose window faces west.The child was saved by a man,the name of whom was not known.The child was saved by a man,of whom the name was not known.,whose name was not known.4.表示整体中的一部分或中最的，介词一般也用of。both/all/some/分数/名词+of+whom/whichThe Greens

26、 have two daughters,both of whomare college students.China has many rivers,the longest of which is the Yangtze River.$5.据句子的意思确定介词。This is the pilot(飞行员)for whom I bought a camera.This is the pilot with whom my brother has worked for ten years.This is the pilot by whom my son was saved Peter _ I pla

27、yed tennis on Sundays was fatter than I.His house _ he paid$10,000 ten years ago is now worth$30,000.I lost my glasses _ I could see nothing.There is a big tree _ some people are sitting and chatting.They collected much money _ they could help the disabled.Yesterday we visited the Century Park _ the

28、re are many pigeons.You can get off at the next stop _ you can change for the No.10 bus.There is the plane _ I came to Shanghai.with whomfor whichwithout whichunder whichwith whichin whichat whichon which1.He built a telescope_he could study the sky.A in which B.with that C.through which D.by it2.I

29、have two pens,_writes well.A.None of which B.neither of whichC.none of them D.neither of them3.That tree,the branches(树枝)are almost bare(秃的)，is very old.A.whose B.of which C.in which D.on which4.The train _he was trvelling was 10 minutes late.A.which B.on which C.for which D.on that5.This is the fil

30、m_ I am interested.A.in which B at which C.in that D.on whichCBBBA1.He built a telescope_he could study the sky.A in which B.with that C.through which D.by it2.I have two pens,_writes well.A.None of which B.neither of whichC.none of them D.neither of them3.That tree,the branches(树枝)are almost bare(秃

31、的)，is very old.A.whose B.of which C.in which D.on which4.The train _he was trvelling was 10 minutes late.A.which B.on which C.for which D.on that5.This is the film_ I am interested.A.in which B at which C.in that D.on whichCBBBA1.The Greens have two daughters,both of whomare college students.2.The G

32、reens have two daughters,and both of _ are college students.3.The Greens have two daughters.Both of _are college%.themthem定语从句（十三）限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别1从形式上来说，非与主句之间有逗号分开。2 从引导词来看，非修饰人和物均不能用that3 从与主句的关系来看，非是先行词的附加说明，如省略，主句意思不受影响，限与先行词的关系密切，是先行词不可缺少的成分，不能省，去掉，影响全句的意思。The school,which is far from your

33、home,is a good one.Here is a book which tells about the Chinese.He arrived half an hour late,which made us unhappy.代指school代指整个句子Professor Wang,_invented the machine,is coming to visit our city.Charles works in a chemical plant(工厂),where he holds an important position.(职位)The plant where my brother

34、works is very big.He has a son who is a doctor.He has a son,who is a doctor.who（一个或多个儿子）定语从句应注意问题（4）但含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在动词后面，不提前。1.This is the watch which he was looking for.This is the watch for which he was looking.2.The babies whom the nurses are looking after are healthy.The babies after whom the nurses are looking are healthy.3.The village that she lives in is two miles.The village in that she lives is two miles.The village in which she lives is two miles.