2020-2021学年人教版英语必修3学案：UNIT 1 SECTION Ⅰ　WARMING UP .doc

1、 授课提示：对应学生用书第1页The History and Etiquette of Teachers DayThe history of Teachers Day traces back to the Han Dynasty (206 BC220 AD). According to the record, during the Han and Jin dynasties, on August 27 each year, the birthday of Confucius, the emperor would go to the Confucius temple and pay tribut

2、e (敬意) to the ancient philosopher followed by court officials, and would also invite royal teachers to the imperial court for a banquet. On this day, teachers around the nation enjoyed a days vacation and were given dried meat as gifts.The capital, all states and counties would also hold ceremonies

3、to worship Confucius. Excellent performing teachers would be chosen from academies and learning institutions nationwide, reporting to the royal court and given 500 liang (两) silver coins as awards.Until the Qing Dynasty, the ceremony, on August 27，was of a larger scale. The teachers salaries in scho

4、ols and academies around the nation were raised, and wellperforming teachers would be awarded official titles or promoted to higher positions.Normally, an ancient teachers income included salary, accommodation and festival gifts. There was no fixed tuition fee. Generally the parents paid teachers ac

5、cording to their household income. Both money and basic foodstuff could be paid in exchange for tuition.In ancient private schools, teachers always received money or gifts from the host family at certain festivals or at the beginning and end of each semester.The festivals in which ancient teachers r

6、eceived gifts varied from region to region, while the most valued ones were the Duanwu, MidAutumn and Chinese New Year festivals, as well as Confucius birthday and the private tutors birthday.Among all the giftgiving festivals, the first meeting gift was a must. When students met their private tutor

7、s for the first time, they had to kneel down to Confucius spirit tablet and then to their private tutors, before presenting a “gift”Section Warming Up & ReadingPreparing授课提示：对应学生用书第1页课文预读释疑原文呈现FESTIVALS AND CELEBRATIONSFestivals and celebrations of all kinds have been held everywhere since ancient t

8、imes.Most ancient festivals would celebrate the end of cold weather，planting in spring and harvest in autumn.Sometimes celebrations would be held after hunters had caught animals.At that time people would starveif food was difficult to find，especially during the cold winter months. Todays festivals

9、have many origins：some are religious，some seasonal，and some for special people or events.of all kinds“各种各样的”，作后置定语，相当于all kinds of(作前置定语)。if food was difficult to find是if引导的条件状语从句。该从句中，动词不定式to find是主动形式表示被动意义，句子的主语和不定式是被动关系。Festivals of the DeadSome festivals are held to honour the dead or to satisf

10、y the ancestors，who might return either to help or to do harm. For the Japanese festival Obon，people should go to clean graves and light incense in memory of their ancestors.They also light lamps and play music because they think that this will lead the ancestors back to earth.In Mexico，people celeb

11、rate the Day of the Dead in early November.On this important feast day，people eat food in the shape of skulls and cakes with “bones” on themThey offer food，flowers and gifts to the dead.The Western holiday Halloween also had its origin in old beliefs about the return of the spirits of dead people.It

12、 is now a childrens festival，when they can dress up and go to their neighbours homes to ask for sweetsIf the neighbours do not give any sweets，the children might play a trick on them.with “bones” on them是with复合结构，作定语，修饰其前的cakes。when they can dress.是when引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰a childrens festival。Festivals to

13、 Honour PeopleFestivals can also be held to honour famous people.The Dragon Boat Festival in China honours the famous ancient poet，Qu Yuan.In the USA，Columbus Day is in memory of the arrival of Christopher Columbus in the New World.India has a national festival on October 2 to honour Mohandas Gandhi

14、，the leader who helped gain Indias independence from Britainwho helped gain.是who引导的定语从句，修饰the leader。the leader作Mohandas Gandhi的同位语。Harvest FestivalsHarvest and Thanksgiving festivals can be very happy events.People are grateful because their food is gathered for the winter and the agricultural work

15、 is overIn European countries，people will usually decorate churches and town halls with flowers and fruit，and will get together to have meals.Some people might win awards for their farm produce，like the biggest watermelon or the most handsome rooster.China and Japan have midautumn festivals，when peo

16、ple admire the moon and in China，enjoy mooncakesbecause their food is gathered.是because引导的原因状语从句。when people admire the moon.是when引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰midautumn festivals。Spring FestivalsThe most energetic and important festivals are the ones that look forward to the end of winter and the coming of springD

17、uring the Spring Festival in China，people eat dumplings，fish and meat and may give children lucky money in red paper.There are dragon dances and carnivals，and families celebrate the Lunar New Year together.Some Western countries have very exciting carnivals，which take place forty days before Easter，

18、usually in February.These carnivals might include parades，dancing in the streets day and night，loud music and colourful clothing of all kinds.Easter is an important religious and social festival for Christians around the world.It celebrates the return of Jesus from the dead and the coming of spring

19、and new life.Japans Cherry Blossom Festival happens a little later.The country，covered with cherry tree flowers，looks as though it is covered with pink snow.that look forward to.是that引导的定语从句，先行词是the ones。定语从句中谓语动词的单复数要和先行词的单复数保持一致。which take place forty days before Easter是which引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰carnival

20、s。covered with cherry tree flowers作后置定语，修饰the country。as thoughas if，在此引导表语从句，还可引导方式状语从句。People love to get together to eat，drink and have fun with each other.Festivals let us enjoy life，be proud of our customs and forget our work for a little while.阅读清障hunter/hnt/n.狩猎者；猎人starve/stv/vi.&vt.(使)饿死；饿得要

21、死starve to death饿死origin/rIdIn/n.起源；由来；起因original adj.原始的；最初的religious/rIlIds/adj.宗教上的；信奉宗教的；虔诚的religion n宗教，宗教信仰seasonal/siznl/adj.季节的；季节性的honour vt.对表示敬意satisfy vt.使满意/满足satisfying adj.令感到满意的satisfied adj.感到满意的ancestor/nsest/n.祖先；祖宗do harm (to sb.)do (sb.) harm(给某人)带来危害be harmful to 对有害Obon/bn/n.盂

22、兰盆节grave/greIv/n.坟墓；墓地clean graves 扫墓incense/Insens/n.熏香；熏香的烟light incense烧香in memory of(in honour of)纪念；追念Mexico/meksIk/n.墨西哥(拉丁美洲国家)feast/fist/n.节日；盛宴in the shape of呈的形状skull/skl/n.头脑；头骨bone/bn/n.骨；骨头Halloween/hlin/n.万圣节前夕；诸圣日前夕belief/bIlif/n.信任；信心；信仰have belief in相信dress up穿上盛装；打扮；装饰play a trick

23、on搞恶作剧；诈骗；开玩笑trick/trIk/n.诡计；恶作剧；窍门vt.欺骗；诈骗poet/pIt/n.诗人arrival/raIvl/n.到来；到达；到达者gain Indias independence赢得印度的独立gain/geIn/vt.获得；得到independence/IndIpendns/n.独立；自主independent/IndIpendnt/adj.独立的；自主的gather/vt.&vi.搜集；集合；聚集agricultural/rIkltrl/adj.农业的；农艺的agriculture/rIklt/n.农业；农艺；农学decorate.with.用装饰get to

24、gether聚会，聚集award/wd/n.奖；奖品 vt.授予；判定produce/prdjus/n.产品；(尤指)农产品rooster/rust/n.雄禽；公鸡admire the moon赏月admire/dmaI/vt.赞美；钦佩；羡慕energetic/endetIk/adj.充满活力的；精力充沛的；积极的energy n. 精力；能源look forward to(n./pron./doing)期望；期待；盼望lucky money in red paper红纸包着的压岁钱pocket money零花钱carnival/knIvl/n.狂欢节；(四旬斋前的)饮宴狂欢；嘉年华(会)t

25、he Lunar New Year农历新年lunar/lun/adj.月的；月亮的；阴历的Easter/ist/n.(耶稣)复活节parade/preId/n.游行；阅兵；检阅day and night日夜；昼夜；整天clothing/klI/n.衣服Christian/krIstn/n.基督徒；信徒 adj.基督教的；信基督教的Cherry Blossom Festival樱花节cherry/terI/n.樱桃；樱桃树blossom/blsm/n.花vi.开花as though好像have fun with(enjoy oneself)玩得开心be proud of为而自豪(take pri

26、de in)课文译文节日和庆典自古以来，世界各地就有各种各样的节日和庆典。多数古老的节日总是庆祝严寒的结束、春季的种植和秋天的收获。有时，在猎人捕获猎物后，也举行庆祝活动。在那个时代，如果食物难以找到，特别是在寒冷的冬月，人们就会挨饿。现在的节日有很多由来：一些是宗教性的，一些是季节性的，一些是为纪念特殊的人或事件的。亡灵节有些节日，是为了纪念死者，或使祖先们得到满足，因为他们有可能回到世上(给人们)提供帮助，也有可能带来危害。在日本的盂兰盆节，人们要扫墓、烧香，以缅怀祖先。他们还点起灯笼，奏响乐曲，因为他们认为这样做可以把祖先引回到世上。在墨西哥，亡灵节是在11月初。在这个重要的节日里，人们

27、会吃制成颅骨形状的食物和装点有“骨头”的蛋糕。他们向亡者祭献食物、鲜花和礼品。西方的万圣节前夕也是源自亡灵转世的古老信仰。万圣节前夕如今成了孩子们的节日，这天他们可以乔装打扮去邻居家要糖果吃。如果邻居什么糖果也不给，那么孩子们就可能捉弄他们。纪念名人的节日也有纪念名人的节日。中国的端午节(龙舟节)是纪念著名古代诗人屈原的。美国的哥伦布日是纪念克里斯托弗哥伦布发现“新大陆”的节日。印度在10月2日有个全国性节日，纪念莫汉达斯甘地，他是帮助印度脱离英国而获得独立的领袖。庆丰收的节日收获节与感恩节是非常喜庆的节日。人们都心怀感激，因为过冬的粮食被收集起来了，而且农活也结束了。在欧洲国家，人们通常用鲜

28、花和水果来装饰教堂和市政厅，在一起聚餐。有些人还可能因为他们的农产品而获奖，比如最大的西瓜或最帅的公鸡。中国和日本都有中秋节，这时人们会赏月，在中国，人们还品尝月饼。春天的节日最富有生气而又最重要的节日，就是告别冬天、迎来春天的日子。中国人过春节要吃饺子、鱼和肉，还要给孩子们红纸包着的压岁钱。(他们)舞龙、狂欢，全家人聚在一起欢庆农历新年。一些西方国家有非常激动人心的狂欢节，通常在二月，复活节前的四十天。狂欢节期间，人们身着各种艳丽的节日盛装，伴随着喧闹的音乐，在街头游行，昼夜跳舞。复活节是全世界基督教徒的一个重要的宗教和公众节日。它庆祝耶稣复活，也欢庆春天和新生命的到来。再晚些时候，日本就迎

29、来了樱花节，(节日里)整个国度到处是盛开的樱花，看上去就像覆盖了一层粉红色的雪。人们喜欢聚在一起吃、喝、玩乐。节日让我们享受生活，让我们为自己的习俗而自豪，还可以暂时忘却工作。 课文阅读理解Step 1Match each paragraph with its main idea.1Para.1AFestivals to Honour People2Para.2 BSpring Festivals3Para.3 CAncient Festivals4Para.4 DFestivals of the Dead5Para.5 EHarvest Festivals答案：1.C2.D3.A4.E5.B

30、Step 2Choose the best answer according to the passage.1Which of the following is NOT true about the Western holiday Halloween according to the passage?AIt has its origin as an event to memorize the dead.BIt is popular among the children.CThe children might play tricks if they are not given anything.

31、DThe children will put on their best clothes to please people.答案：D2Which of the following festivals is used to honour someone?ANew Year.BThe Spring Festival.CThe Dragon Boat Festival.DThe MidAutumn Day.答案：C3Whats the purpose of the national festival on October 2 in India?ATo gain independence.BTo me

32、et New Year.CTo honour the dead.DTo honour Mohandas Gandhi.答案：D4Which of the following is a happy event?AThanksgiving festival.BColumbus Day.CThe Dragon Boat Festival.DBoth A and B.答案：A5Which of the following is NOT true according to the Spring Festival?ATo eat dumplings.BTo please the ancestors.CTo

33、 give children lucky money.DTo eat fish and meat.答案：BStep 3Fill in the blanks with proper words according to the passage.CountriesNamesFestivalsof theDead1.JapanObonMexicoDay of the DeadWestern countries2.HalloweenFestivalsto Honour PeopleChina3.the_Dragon_Boat_Festival4.the_USAColumbus DayIndiaa na

34、tional festival on October 2Harvest FestivalsEuropean countriesThanksgiving Day5China and 6.Japanmidautumn festivalsSpring Festivals China7.the_Spring_FestivalWestern countriescarnivalEaster8JapanCherry Blossom Festival基础知识自检.单词预习1harvest (n.& vt.& vi.)收获；收割2starve (vi.&vt.)(使)饿死；饿得要死3religious (adj

35、.)宗教上的；信奉宗教的；虔诚的4belief (n.)信任；信心；信仰5gain (vt.)获得；得到6gather (vt.& vi.)搜集；集合；聚集7award (n.)奖；奖品 (vt.) 授予；判定8admire (vt.)钦佩；赞美；羡慕9beauty (n.)美；美人beautiful (adj.) 美丽的，美好的beautify (v.)美化10celebration (n.)庆祝；祝贺celebrate (v.)庆祝；祝贺11independence (n.)独立；自主independent (adj.)独立的；自主的12agriculture (n.)农业；农艺；农学ag

36、ricultural (adj.)农业的；农艺的13energetic (adj.)充满活力的；精力充沛的；积极的energy (n.)能量；精力；活力；精神.短语研习1take place发生2in memory of 纪念；追念3dress up 穿上盛装；打扮；装饰4play a trick on 搞恶作剧；诈骗；开玩笑5look forward to 期望；期待；盼望6day and night 日夜；昼夜；整天7as though 好像8have fun with 玩得开心9in the shape of 以的形式；呈的形状10be proud of 为而自豪/骄傲.句型博习1Mos

37、t ancient festivals would_celebrate the end of cold weather，planting in spring and harvest in autumn.多数古老的节日总是庆祝严寒的结束、春季的种植和秋天的收获。2At that time people would starve if food was difficult to_find，especially during the cold winter months.在那个时代，如果食物难以找到，特别是在寒冷的冬月，人们就会挨饿。3The country，covered with cherry tree flowers，looks as_though it is covered with pink snow.整个国度到处是盛开的樱花，看上去就像覆盖了一层粉红色的雪。