2019版高考英语一轮复习精选题辑：阅读提速练（七） WORD版含解析.doc

1、阅读提速练(七)时间：40分钟阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。A(2018成都市高中毕业班摸底测试)Summer Camps in Season!STEM Camp July 10 to August 14，Cost：$18090% of the jobs in the future will require STEM(Science，Technology，Engineering & Mathematics)education.We find ways to make learnin

2、g fun and exciting for students to help ensure their futures.Campers participate in fun and engaging STEM activities！Register：www.stemcamp.ca or call 5194756600.Kandalore June 15 to 28，Cost：$2,340The finest traditional camp in Canada，provides the best of both canoe(独木舟)adventures and incamp activiti

3、es.For more than 65 years，Kandalore has given campers the opportunity to know and be themselves.We create a warm and supportive environment where kids can express their unique self，grow in selfconfidence and build lifetime friendships.Register： or call 4163229735.ESL Summer Camp June 25 to July 21，C

4、ost：$5,500Pickering College has an exciting ESL summer camp for students aged 1218 who want to learn English and experience the wonders of summer at our 42acre campus；students enjoy the excellent dormitory，dining，academic，and social facilities of one of Canadas oldest independent schools.Register：ww

5、w.pickeringcollege.on.ca or call 9051758900.DEEP Summer Academy August 16 to 26，Cost：$465We provide highly motivated high school students from across the world with the opportunity for advanced study in a variety of engineering，technology，business and science subjects.Organized by the University of

6、Toronto，DEEP is one of the most diverse preuniversity engineering programs all over the world with scholarships.Register：www.outreach.engineering.utoronto.ca or call 4169460816.1Which number should you call if you want to improve your English?A5194756600.B4163229735.C4169460816. D9051758900.2When wi

7、ll the shortest camp start?AOn July 10. BOn June 15.COn June 25. DOn August 16.3Where can you go if you are interested in the experience of adventure?AKandalore.BSTEM Camp.CESL Summer Camp.DDEEP Summer Academy.4How similar are STEM Camp and DEEP Summer Academy?AThey both offer scholarships for stude

8、nts.BThey provide the same courses for students.CThey both prepare students for their development.DThey are both designed for international students.【解题导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四个夏令营的时间、收费标准、主要活动内容及联系方式等信息。【难句分析】Pickering College has an exciting ESL summer camp for students aged 128 who want to learn Englis

9、h and experience the wonders of summer at our 42acre campus；students enjoy the excellent dormitory，dining，academic，and social facilities of one of Canadas oldest independent schools.分析：本句中aged 1218作students的后置定语；who引导定语从句，修饰先行词students。dormitory, dining, academic和social facilities都作enjoy的宾语，of one o

10、f Canadas oldest independent schools作facilities的后置定语。译文：Pickering学院有一个为(那些)想要学习英语和在学院42英亩的校区内感受夏天的奇观的12至18岁的学生们举办的令人兴奋的ESL夏令营，(参加的)学生们(可以)享受加拿大最古老的私立学校的一流食宿、学习和社交设施。1D考查细节理解。根据第三则信息中的“Pickering College has an exciting ESL summer camp for students aged 1218 who want to learn English”和“call 9051758900

11、”可知D选项正确。2D考查细节理解。综合四则信息可知，DEEP Summer Academy的时间长度是11天，与题干的the shortest camp相符合。所以D选项正确。3A考查细节理解。根据第二则信息中的“provides the best of both canoe(独木舟)adventures and incamp activities”可知，选项A与题干的“the experience of adventure”相符合。所以A选项正确。4C考查推理判断。根据第一则信息中的“for students to help ensure their futures”和第四则信息中的“We

12、 provide highly motivated high school students from across the world with the opportunity for advanced study”可以推断二者都对学生的未来发展(development)有帮助。所以选项C正确。B(2018四川绵阳高中第二次诊断性考试)He had more than 160 reports as a reporter on the Metro desk and more than 170 in 19 months as a national journalist based in Kans

13、as City，Mo.But perhaps the most important piece of writing that AG.Sulzberger did for The New York Times before Wednesdaywhen he was named deputy publisherwas not an article and was not published in The Times，but was all about The Times.That work came to be known as the “innovation(创新)report”，which

14、zeroed in on the importance of a digital future for the newspaper his family has owned since 1896 and said The Times risked losing its leading place if it did not make sweeping changes.In a conversation in his office on Wednesday，Mr.Sulzberger said he saw the innovation report and the thinking that

15、led to his conclusions as“a wakeup call to the newsroom that we were at risk of missing the moment”“It was always easy to see how changes will endanger the traditions of the place，”he said，“but what became really clear to me was not changing was the more dangerous course if we cared about the tradit

16、ions of the place.”Unlike some of the former deputy publishers in his role，Mr.Sulzberger has been more experienced in the newsroom than in advertising or consumer marketing.Still，his colleagues described him as a quick study whose modesty masked deep inner confidence.Besides，in the newsroom or out o

17、n an assignment，Mr.Sulzberger did not show off his connection to The Times owners.“I recognized the name.”said Vincent Bova，a video editor who figured in a feature article that Mr.Sulzberger wrote in 2010.“I mean，I knew I was dealing with royalty.There was no reason for me to bring that up with him，

18、and he didnt.”So Mr.Sulzberger，in some way，has qualified himself for the position since long time ago.5A.G.Sulzberger wrote the“innovation report”mainly to _.Aurge revolutions in The TimesBgain the position of deputy publisherCpromote changes in New York CityDshow directions to his family future6Wha

19、t is the biggest threat to traditional media according to Mr.Sulzberger?AScientific developments.BRapid social changes.CTheir own stubbornness.DDecreasing readers.7How does the author show us what Mr.Sulzberger is like in the last paragraph?ABy comparing him with others.BBy interviewing him in perso

20、n.CBy giving examples of his routines.DBy quoting comments from others.8What does the author think of Mr.Sulzberger according to the passage?ACasual. BObjective.CAdmirable. DCritical.【解题导语】本篇文章属于人物介绍类，介绍了著名出版人A.G.Sulzberger 对纽约时报的重要贡献，还介绍了他提出的“创新报道”理论以及他人对他的评价。5A考查推理判断。根据第二段“That work came to be kno

21、wn as the innovation(创新)report ，which zeroed in on the importance of a digital future.The Times risked losing its leading place if it did not make sweeping changes”可知，“创新报道”关注报纸数字化未来的重要性，纽约时报如果不改革，则将面临危机。据此可以判断，A.G.Sulzberger提及“创新报道”的目的是敦促纽约时报进行变革，故A项正确。6C考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“and said The Times risked los

22、ing its leading place if it did not make sweeping changes”和文章中提到的“innovation report”可知，A.G.Sulzberger认为纽约时报如果不做出变革，则将面临危机；据此可以判断，A.G.Sulzberger认为传统媒体面临的最大的问题是它们固执己见，不思变革，故C项正确。7D考查写作方法。通读最后一段可知，该段第二句介绍了同事对A.G.Sulzberger的评价，第四句和第五句介绍了视频编辑Vincent Bova对他的评价；据此可以判断，最后一段是通过别人的评价来描述A.G.Sulzberger的，故D项正确。8

23、C考查观点态度。通读全文可知， AG.Sulzberger提出“创新报道”理论并前瞻性地认识到数字化时代对传统媒体的影响，意识到传统媒体变革的重要意义；据此可以判断，作者对A.G.Sulzberger的态度是钦佩的，故C项正确。C(2018湖南长沙高三年级统一模拟)A new study by the British government has discovered the mental health of the countrys teenage girls has become worse.the survey，which included 30,000 14yearold studen

24、ts in 2005 and 2014，showed 37 percent of girls with psychological stress，up from 34 percent in 2005.British boys stress level was actually seen to fall over the same time period，from 17 percent to 15 percent.The reports authors pointed out the“advent of the social media age”could be a major contribu

25、ting factor for increased stress among teenage British girls.“The adolescent years are a time of rapid physical，cognitive(认知的)and emotional development，”Pam Ramsden，a lecturer in psychology at the University of Bradford in the United Kingdom，wrote in a recent blog post.“Teenagers interact with peopl

26、e in order to learn how to become competent(有能力的)adults.In the past, they would engage with parents，teachers and other adults in their community as well as extended family members and friends.Now we can also add social media to that list of social and emotional development.”Throughout adolescence，gi

27、rls and boys develop characteristics like confidence and selfcontrol.Since teenage brains have not completely developed，teens dont have the cognitive awareness and impulse(冲动)control to keep from posting inappropriate content.Furthermore，this content can easily be spread far and wide with disastrous

28、 influences.Social media can also feed into girls insecurities about their appearance，Ramsden said.These sites are often filled with images of people with body type unattainable to the normal person.However，these images and the messages tied to them gradually become societal standards.9The statistic

29、s in the second paragraph show that _.Amore and more children in Britain have mental health problemsBfew girls in Britain suffered from psychological stress in 2005Cmore boys in Britain are suffering from mental pressure nowDmore British girls feel psychologically stressed than boys do now10Contrary

30、 to traditional ways of interaction，social media _.Ahelps teenagers develop qualities like confidence and selfcontrolBhas many negative effects on girls characteristic developmentCmakes teens aware of potential danger of the inappropriate contentDteaches girls to care about their appearance to meet

31、societal standards11The underlined word“advent”in Paragraph 3 can be replaced by“_”Aarrival BendCdisappearance Dinvention【解题导语】一项新研究发现，英国少女的心理健康状况变得更糟；分析表明，社交媒体时代的到来可能是造成英国少女心理压力加大的主要因素。【难句分析】The reports authors pointed out the“advent of the social media age”could be a major contributing factor for

32、increased stress among teenage British girls.分析：该句为主从复合句，句中the“advent of the social media age”could be a major contributing factor for increased stress among teenage British girls为省略了that的宾语从句，作动词短语pointed out 的宾语。译文：报告的作者指出，“社交媒体时代的到来”可能是造成英国少女心理压力增加的主要因素。9D考查推理判断。根据第二段的第一句可知，调查显示，2014年37%的英国少女有心理压

33、力，而2005年只有34%；根据第二段的第二句可知，同期调查显示，英国少年有心理压力的从2005年的17%降到2014年的15%。据此可以判断，英国少女有心理压力的比少年多，故D项正确。10B考查细节理解。根据第五段的最后一句“Furthermore，this content can easily be spread far and wide with disastrous influences”和最后一段第一句的“Social media can also feed into girls insecurities about their appearance”可知，由于青少年的思想还不成熟，

34、自控能力有限，社交媒体对英国少女的心理健康和她们对外表美丑的判断产生了消极的影响。故B项正确。11A考查词义猜测。结合该段内容和下文关于传统交流方式和社交媒体的比较可知，报告的作者指出，“社交媒体时代的到来”可能是造成英国少女心理压力增加的主要因素。据此可知，画线词意为“到来”，故A项正确。D(2018陕西省部分学校第一学期摸底检测)A new study has found the amount of antibiotics(抗生素)given to farm animals is expected to increase by twothirds over the next 15 year

35、s.Researchers are linking the growing dependence on the drugs to the increasing need for meat，milk and eggs.However，the drugs could quicken the development of antibioticresistant infections(感染)Such infections are already a major public health concern in the United States.The World Health Organizatio

36、n(WHO)notes when people stop living in poverty(贫困)，the first thing they want to do is eat better，rather than earn more money.For most people，that means their diet should contain more meat.With the rapid development of Asia，people there are eating nearly four times as much meat，milk and other milk pr

37、oducts as they did 50 years ago.To meet the need，farmers have put many animals into smaller spaces.As the animals are crowded together，the easiest way to deal with some of the problems of crowding is to give them antibiotics.Its clear that antibiotics help animals stay healthy in crowded environment

38、s and grow faster.But bacteria can develop resistance to the drugs gradually.Nowadays，doctors find antibiotics that once worked against the infections no longer work.The bacteria have learned ways to fight against the drugs.The heavy use of antibiotics in farm animals is responsible for the growth o

39、f antibiotic resistance worldwide.Each year in the United States，at least two million people get antibioticresistant infections and at least 23,000 die from these infections.Europe has banned the use of antibiotics to increase animal growth.And the United States is hoping to persuade farmers to stop

40、 using antibiotics for that purpose.12What accounts for the increasing amount of antibiotics given to farm animals?AThe desire for new drugs.BThe less effective antibiotics.CThe outdated farm technology.DThe need for more various foods.13What do most people want to do first when they get rid of pove

41、rty according to the WHO?AMaking a lot of money.BFocusing more on health.CHaving more meat in their diet.DLiving in a better environment.14What can be inferred from the passage?AAntibiotics do harm to animals.BAntibiotics help animals stay healthy.CAntibiotics are used heavily in Europe.DAntibioticr

42、esistant bacteria spread to people.15Whats the passage mainly about?AThe negative effect of antibiotics on farm animals.BThe advantages of using antibiotics.CThe reason for banning the use of antibiotics.DA new way of raising farm animals.【解题导语】本文主要围绕在农场动物身上使用抗生素的负面影响展开。【难句分析】The World Health Organi

43、zation(WHO) notes when people stop living in poverty(贫困)，the first thing they want to do is eat better, rather than earn more money.分析：本句为复合句。notes后接省略了连接词that的宾语从句；该宾语从句中含有when引导的时间状语从句when people stop living in poverty；they want to do 为省略了关系词that的定语从句，修饰the first thing; rather than连接的并列结构在宾语从句中作表语

44、。译文：世界卫生组织指出，当人们摆脱贫穷之后，他们想做的第一件事情就是吃得好点，而不是挣更多的钱。12D考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Researchers are linking the growing dependence on the drugs to the increasing need for meat，milk and eggs”可知，研究人员认为用于农场动物身上的抗生素的数量增加与人们对各种不同的食物的需求增加有关，故选D项。13C考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“The World Health Organization (WHO) notes when people stop

45、living in poverty(贫困)，the first thing they want to do is eat better，rather than earn more money.For most people，that means their diet should contain more meat”可知，C项正确。14D考查推理判断。结合第四段中的“Each year in the United States，at least two million people get antibioticresistant infections and at least 23,000 d

46、ie from these infections”可推知，抗生素耐药细菌传播到了人身上，故选D。由第三段中的“Its clear that antibiotics help animals stay healthy in crowded environments and grow faster”可知，A项表述有误，可排除；由最后一段中的“Europe has banned the use of antibiotics to increase animal growth”可知C项表述错误，可排除；B项最具干扰性，因为B项本身是正确的，但是B项是文中的明确信息，不需要推断得出，而题干所要求的选项需

47、要经过推理判断得来，所以B项不符合题意。诸如B项这类本身正确，但不满足题干要求的选项是考生做题时需要特别留意的。15A考查主旨大意。结合文章内容可以看出，本文主要说的是在农场动物身上使用抗生素的负面影响，故选A项。第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(20172018湖北省部分重点中学高三起点考试)How to avoid a boring conversationWhat excuses should you use to avoid talking to people you dont want to

48、talk to? Here are tips and inoffensive ways to get out of unwanted conversations.1Go for a refill(续杯)It is natural for anyone at a party to be excused to get a refill._1_ And once you excuse yourself, make a move fast before the person requests you to get a refill for him as well.2Pretend bad mood.C

49、ut off the conversation before it starts by saying something along the lines of “Im not in a good mood.Can I talk to you later if you dont mind？” _2_ Say it firmly so that people get the message loud and clear.3Ask your friend to save you._3_ Simply text your friend and ask him or her to come for ap

50、parently something important.You will be able to skip a boring chat with a seemingly reasonable excuse.4_4_You are advised to look away from that person and dont make eye contact，so that you can give powerful hints(暗示)that you find the conversation extremely boring._5_ Be sure to tune in to the conv

51、ersation every now and then so you dont come across as rude.ABehave in an obviously careless way.BJust be sure that the person you are talking to does not offer to accompany you to do so.CDont act too polite in an attempt to draw sympathy.DUse body language to indicate boredom.EYour friend is bound

52、to perform brilliantly in coping with the dull one.FLook elsewhere and pretend that something else has caught your attention.GStuck in an unwanted conversation，how do you get out of it?【解题导语】本文主要介绍了怎样避免无聊的谈话。1B选项B中的so就是指空前的“get a refill”这一行为；同时空后的“make a move fast.as well”与选项B的内容相呼应。2C空后的代词it指代空处前一句

53、中的“Im not in a good mood.Can I talk to you later if you dont mind”，所以空处及后一句与这一问题有关；同时后一句中的“Say it firmly”与选项C“不要为了获得同情而表现得太礼貌”在内容和语气方面是一致的。3G根据该段的主题句以及空后两句可知，空后的两句话是对选项G这一疑问句的回答，选项G能够引出下文，符合语境。4D根据上文中的主题句都使用祈使句这一特点可知，该段也应用祈使句作主题句；同时根据该段中的第一句可知，把目光从这个人身上移开，不要有眼神交流，这样可以给对方强烈的暗示，使其发现这段谈话极其无聊，这与选项D“使用肢体语言暗示厌烦”相吻合。5F空处起承上启下的作用，且根据该段主题句可知，使用肢体语言暗示厌烦，所以选项F“看向别处并假装你的注意力被其他东西吸引”与之吻合。