2020年高考英语大二轮复习专题突破讲练文档：大题提分练6　阅读理解之主旨大意题（二） WORD版含答案.docx

1、大题提分练6阅读理解之主旨大意题(二)限时30分钟(提示：请利用阅读理解解题技巧1012巧解本练习中的加黑的小题)A(2019金华十校二模)体裁：记叙文主题语境：社会生活难度： “What are you？” they ask. “Guess，” I say. Some suggest I have Japanese eyes. Others think Im Filipino, may be Indian. Few guess the truth: I am Mexican American. But its not like Ive ever worn that name alone. I

2、m part of a younger generation of Americans whose identity is shaped neither by where we came from nor where we ended up.My parents know the California immigrant experience firsthand. They grew up picking fruit in the San Joaquin Valley, knowing what it was to be poor, but also knowing what it was t

3、o be Mexican. Wanting a better life for their children, they went to college and got professional jobs. By the time I was born, they were fully accepted into the middle class. I grew up in the racially mixed zones of Sacramento, and when my parents talked of their years in the fields it was hard to

4、connect those stories to where we found ourselves now.By the time I reached my teens, difference had announced itself. We were all struggling for a sense of individuality, looking everywhere but where we came from. Identity became goods. Wearing certain clothes and liking certain kinds of music crea

5、ted social categories.I became a junkman, sorting through the ruins of pop culture past looking for the pieces of myself. In love with the Beatles, I linked myself to England. Fascinated by Japanese cartoon, I took language classes at the local Buddhist temple.I grew up American to a fault, rarely c

6、onsidering my own peoples culture and humanity. I left Sacramento and moved to San Franciscos Mission District to put myself together again. There I first saw my people living in a separate community that had its own language, one Id never learned. My brown face led people to ask me for directions i

7、n Spanish. I could only respond with a universally understood shrug.“This is what I am，” I said to myself, looking at a street full of newly arrived immigrants.No, that wasnt quite it. I corrected myself: “This is where I come from.”Is it tragic that I grew up far from my mother culture, discovering

8、 it so late in life? I prefer to think that my American upbringing has taught me to apply insights from many different cultures to my everyday life. I am a product not just of Mexico or the US but of the world as a whole.【语篇解读】作为美国少数民族裔中的一支重要力量美国墨西哥裔一直在寻找着自己独特的身份认同感。本文以作者的成长过程为例，讲述了作者从不断地学习不同文化和找寻自己

9、的本族文化的经历中成熟起来。好词积累identity n. 身份； tragic adj. 悲剧的；悲惨的； insight n. 领悟；洞悉1Where does the writer grow up?A. In Sacramento.B. In a Mexico town.C. In the San Joaquin Valley.D. In San Franciscos Mission District.答案与解析A细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I grew up in the racially mixed zones of Sacramento”可知，作者在Sacramento长大，故A项

10、正确。2What did the writer learn from his American upbringing?A. To promote mother culture.B. To adapt to new surroundings.C. To clearly express individuality.D. To learn from different cultures.答案与解析D细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“I prefer to think that my American upbringing has taught me to apply insights from many

11、 different cultures to my everyday life.”可知，作者认为他在美国的成长经历让他学会把不同文化应用到日常生活中，故D项正确。3What can we infer from the article?A. The writer liked to play sports.B. The writer wanted to learn Spanish.C. The writer was interested in different cultures.D. The writer did not like living in San Francisco.答案与解析C推理

12、判断题。根据第四段中的“sorting through the ruins of pop culture past looking for the pieces of myself. In love with the Beatles, I linked myself to England. Fascinated by Japanese cartoon”可知，作者对不同文化感兴趣。故C项正确。4What is this article mainly about?A. The growing pains of immigrants.B. The culture differences in Ame

13、rica.C. The writer exploration of his identity.D. The problems of immigrants in America.答案与解析C全文大意题。根据第一段中的“Im part of a younger generation of Americans whose identity is shaped neither by where we came from nor where we ended up.”； 第三段中的“We were all struggling for a sense of individuality, looking

14、everywhere but where we came from.”及倒数第二段中的“This is where I come from.”可知，本文主要讲述了作者在成长中不断找寻自己的身份认同感，探寻着自己从哪儿来的问题。故C项正确。B(2019淮北宿州二模)体裁：说明文主题语境：人与植物难度：Gardeners such as Prince Charles who claim that talking to plants encourages them to grow have long been seen as a little silly. But scientists have d

15、iscovered evidence which suggests the Royal may actually be right and they could be listening to him. Biologists at Tel Aviv University in Israel have found that flowers can act as a plants “ears” to help them detect the sound of approaching insects.When the researchers played recordings of flying b

16、ees to evening primrose flowers, within three minutes the sugar concentrations in the nectar (花蜜) of its flowers increased. The fluid, produced to attract pollinating (授粉) insects, was on average 20 percent higher in flowers exposed to the buzz compared to those left in silence or exposed to higher

17、pitched sounds. Professor Lilach Hadany, who led the study, said: “Our results document for the first time that plants can rapidly respond to pollinator sounds in an ecologically relevant way.”However, Prof Hadany said a plants ability to respond to pollinators may be weakened in city environments o

18、r beside a busy road. While plants require water, sunlight and the right temperature to grow, it is widely believed that they do not have senses in the way animals do.But the study, published on the openscience website BioRxiv, suggests the efforts of gardeners who talk to their plants may not be in

19、 vain.“Plants ability to hear has implications (暗示) well beyond pollinationplants could potentially hear and respond to herbivores (食草动物), other animals, the elements, and possibly other plants，” Prof Hadany added.A monthlong experiment conducted by the Royal Horticultural Society in 2009 found fema

20、le voices appear to speed up the growth of tomatoes. The research offers a possible explanationwomens voices were at the right frequency for the plants to hear.【语篇解读】本文是一篇科技说明文。文章主要讲述人与植物的交流可以促进植物的生长。好词积累in vain 徒劳地； speed up 加速5Whats evening primrose flowers response to bees buzz?A. Longer bloom. B

21、. Sweeter nectar.C. Brighter color. D. Less fluid.答案与解析B细节理解题。根据第二段“When the researchers played recordings of flying bees to evening primrose flowers, within three minutes the sugar concentrations in the nectar (花蜜) of its flowers increased.”可知， 蜜蜂飞到夜来香花时，三分钟内其花朵的花蜜的糖的浓度会增加，由此可知花蜜会更甜。故选B。6Where can

22、plants grow better according to Hadany?A. On a square. B. Beside a highway.C. In the woods. D. Along the street.答案与解析C推理判断题。根据文章第三段“However, Prof Hadany said a plants ability to respond to pollinators may be weakened in city environments or beside a busy road.”哈达尼教授认为，植物对传粉者做出反应的能力可能会在城市环境或繁忙的道路旁减弱。

23、从而推断可知，在丛林里的植物生长得更好。故选C。7What can we infer from the research?A. Prince Charles proves kind of stupid.B. Plants can only potentially hear animals.C. Plants respond to sounds slowly and ecologically.D. Plants gardeners talk to frequently develops well.答案与解析D推理判断题。从文章第四段中的“But the study, published on t

24、he openscience website BioRxiv, suggests the efforts of gardeners who talk to their plants may not be in vain.”研究表明，园丁们和他们的植物交谈的努力可能不会白费。可知，园丁如经常与植物交谈，植物会生长得更好。故选D。8What does the text mainly talk about?A. Flowers can hear.B. Bees are best pollinators.C. Plants cant grow without sound.D. Womens voice

25、s improve plants growth.答案与解析A全文大意题。文章第一段提到与植物对话尽管很长时间以来被认为有点傻，但研究人员发现植物有可能会倾听人类的话。下文举例介绍夜来香对飞行蜜蜂的反应，植物可能听得到其他动物或植物的声音以及女性的声音似乎会加速番茄的生长，由此推断出文章介绍的主要是植物能听见声音。故A项正确。C(2019日照二模)体裁：说明文主题语境：现代科技难度：Tablets are really useful devices (设备), but their big screens are always a burden to carry around. Wouldnt i

26、t be great if there were a phone with the powers of a tablet that could be folded up and fit neatly into the hand?Now something like a tabletshaped but foldable phone is about to become available. In February, ROK electronics company Samsung and Chinas Huawei both launched foldable phones. Mobile ph

27、one use has entered the “foldable future”The technology could change our lives in significant ways. These devices, due to their bendable screens, give us the larger screens we want. Meanwhile, they still fit easily into the pocket. As USA Today noted, theyre “the combination of a small tablet and sm

28、artphone, all in a single device”The technology could change other devices too. For example, we could make TVs that stick to walls like posters, or fold up easily to hide away in drawers. In crowded modern cities, they will help us to maximize available space. Samsungs senior vice president, Justin

29、Denison, called the foldable screen “the foundation for the smartphone of tomorrow”. “Its a blank canvas (画布) for us to do something beautiful together，” he said.So is there nothing to stand in the way of the foldable future?According to tech news website Android Authority, the necessary displays we

30、re difficult to produce. In 2012, nine out of every ten OLED (有机发光二极管) screens produced were found imperfect. While it has been improved today, the price is still too high for people to afford.But if the foldable device isnt going to change the world overnight, there is no doubt that it is coming. P

31、atrick Moorhead, an industry analyst said, “Few are debating if foldable or rollable mobile displays are the future of smartphones; the only question is when and by whom.”【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是“可折叠手机的时代即将到来。”好词积累fit into 成为的一部分；与相处融洽 9What is paragraph 3 mainly about?A. Popular foldable screen device

32、s on the market.B. Possible advantages of the foldable screen.C. The application of foldable phones.D. The future of foldable phones.答案与解析B段落大意题。根据第一段最后一句“Wouldnt it be great if there were a phone with the powers of a tablet that could be folded up and fit neatly into the hand？” “如果有一款具有平板电脑功能的手机，可以

33、折叠起来，恰好放在手中，那不是很棒吗？”和第二段第一句“Now something like a tabletshaped but foldable phone is about to become available.”“现在，类似于平板形状的可折叠手机即将问世。”可知本段主题是“可折叠手机的时代即将到来。”故选B。10What can we learn from Denisons words?A. Companies need to work together to develop foldable phones.B. The production of foldable phones w

34、ill soon increase.C. Foldable phones still have many problems.D. The foldable screen has great potential.答案与解析D推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Justin Denison, called the foldable screen the foundation for the smartphone of tomorrow. Its a blank canvas (画布) for us to do something beautiful together.”“ Justin Denison称可

35、折叠屏幕是未来智能手机的基础。这是一块空白的画布，我们可以一起做一些出色的事情。”可知，我们能从贾斯汀丹尼森的话中了解到“可折叠屏幕具有很大的潜力。”故选A。11What is the authors attitude toward the future of the foldable screen?A. Worried. B. Cautious.C. Positive. D. Unconcerned.答案与解析C观点态度题。根据最后一段第一句“But if the foldable device isnt going to change the world overnight, there

36、is no doubt that it is coming.” “但如果这种可折叠设备不能在一夜之间改变世界，那么毫无疑问，它将会到来。”可知，作者对可折叠屏幕的未来所持的态度是积极的。故选C。加练阅读七选五(2019雅安三模)体裁：说明文主题语境：人际沟通难度：Have you ever realised how much one moment of locking eyes can mean? As one of the best attributes (属性) of human expression, eyes can show a million different emotions

37、in just one look. So its easy to answer why its good to practise eye contact in your life. From talking to your teacher to thanking someone, eye contact shows you see the person as important. Therefore, respect will be received if you pay strong attention through your eyes.Looking the person in the

38、eyes shows interest. If you like someone, why not look him in the eyes when youre talking to him? In order to put the most effort into showing the interest, look the person in the eye and smile. Yon can convey appreciation quite easily with eyes. People are able to recognise how you feel. Its a good

39、 way to make a good impression on people and show your thanks with sincerity.Sometimes eye contact can be all you need to have someone understand what you mean. Its possible to guess what someones thinking based on his eyes and how he looks on you.A. Eye contact shows respect.B. Good eye contact is

40、different from glaring.C. Even one glance can tell you a lot about a persons character.D. Open your eyes, because you never know who might be watching.E. Give a meaningful look into their eye while youre thanking people.F. Looking away from him is unfriendly, especially if the person is trying to ge

41、t your attention.G. If youre trying to get a point across, eye contact can be an important way to express yourself.答案与解析【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，阐述了眼神交流的重要性。好词积累emotion n. 情感； look sb. in the eyes 直视某人1C根据空前一句中的“eyes can show a million different emotions in just one look”可知，仅仅一个眼神就包含着各种复杂的情绪。设空处承接上文说明眼神的作用，故C

42、项“哪怕是一眼都能告诉你一个人的性格”与上文呼应。故C项正确。2A根据空后的“eye contact shows you see the person as important”及最后一句中的respect可知，设空处指的是眼神交流表达敬意。故A项正确，其中respect是关键词。3F根据空前两句可知，直视对方能表现出你对对方的兴趣和喜欢。设空处与上文形成对比，表明不这样做的坏处。故F项“把脸转过去不看他是不友好的行为，尤其是当他想得到你的注意时”符合语境。故F项正确。4E根据空前一句可知，眼神能传达谢意。故E项“在感谢别人的时候深情地注视对方”符合语境。其中的thanking与上一句中的appreciation是同义词复现。故E项正确。5G根据空前的“have someone understand what you mean”可知，眼神交流有助于表达清楚自己的意思，故G项“如果你想要讲清楚自己的观点，眼神交流是你表达自己的重要方式”符合语境。get sth. across “讲清楚某事”与空前的“have someone understand what you mean”是同义表达。故G项正确。