2019高考英语一轮基础达标练题Unit1Friendship含解析新人教版必修1.doc

1、Unit 1 Friendship李仕才一、阅读理解。If you think that running marathons will help you live a long and healthy life，new research may come as a shock. According to a recent scientific study，people who do a very strenuous workout are as likely to die as people who do no exercise at all.Scientists in Denmark hav

2、e been studying over 1，000 joggers and non-joggers for 12 years. The death rates from the sample group indicate that people who jog at a moderate pace two or three times a week for less than two and a half hours in total are least likely to die. The best speed to jog at was found to be about 5 miles

3、 per hour. The research suggests that people who jog more than three times a week or at higher speeds of over 7 mph die at the same rate as non-joggers. The scientists think that this is because strenuous exercise causes structural changes to the heart and arteries(动脉).Over time，this can cause serio

4、us injuries.Peter Schnohr，a researcher in Copenhagen，said，“If your goal is to decrease risk of death and improve life expectancy，jogging a few times a week at a moderate pace is a good strategy. Anything more is not just unnecessary，and it may be harmful.”The implications of this are that moderate f

5、orms of exercise such as tai chi，yoga and brisk walking may be better for us than “iron man” events，triathlons and long-distance running and cycling. According to Jacob Louis Marott，another researcher involved in the study，“You dont actually have to do that much to have a good impact on your health.

6、 And perhaps you shouldnt actually do too much”.1.The underlined word “strenuous” in Paragraph l is closest in meaning to“_”.A. hardB. regularC. practicalD. flexible2.The author presents some figures in Paragraph 2 to _.A. suggest giving up joggingB. show risks of doing sportsC. provide supportive e

7、videnceD. introduce the research process3.According to the scientists，why is too much exercise harmful？A. It may injure the heart and arteries.B. It can make the body tired out.C. It will bring much pressure.D. It consumes too much energy.4.What can be inferred from the text?A. No exercise at all is

8、 the best choice.B. More exercise means a healthier life.C. Marathons runners are least likely to die.D. Proper exercise contributes to good health.【文章大意】本文主要讲述了做运动过多或过少都对身体有害，只有做适量的运动才对身体有益。1.A 【解析】考查词义推测。hard耗费体力的；regular有规律的；practical实际的；flexible灵活的。由第一段最后一句“According to a recent scientific study

9、，people who do a very strenuous workout are as likely to die as people who do no exercise at all.”可知，一点不做运动的人和非常艰苦锻炼的人都极有可能死，故应选A。3.A 【解析】考查细节理解。由第二段倒数第二句“The scientists think that this is because strenuous exercise causes structural changes to the heart and arteries(动脉).”可知，做过多的运动有害是因为它可能伤害心脏和动脉，故应

10、选A。4.D 【解析】考查推理判断。根据第三段可知，做运动过多或过少都对身体有害，只有做适量的运动才对身体有益，故应选D。二、单句语法填空1It was when I got back to my apartment _I first came across my new neighbors.答案：that本句是强调句。被强调部分是时间状语，故应填that。2Lily cant fall asleep, extremely _ (concern) about the result of her maths test.答案：concerned短语be concerned about . “担忧，

11、挂念”，本句中逗号后没有连词，故逗号后的部分为状语，此处应用形容词短语作伴随状语。3Its no pleasure _ (go) camping on such a foggy day.答案：goingIts no pleasure doing sth. “做某事没有乐趣”。4The little boy is clever enough to have no trouble _ (find) his house without others help.答案：findinghave no trouble doing sth. “做某事没困难”。5There was no _ (agree),

12、and the proposal was accepted.答案：disagreement由形容词no可知，本空应填名词，再由后一分句“建议被接受了”可知，应填名词disagreement。6He happened _ (know) the secret, so I neednt tell him.答案：to have knownhappen to do sth. “碰巧做某事”，再由后一并列分句“没有必要告诉他”可知，前一分句谓语部分应用不定式的完成式。7He set his alarm clock before going to bed in order _ (get) up earlie

13、r than usual the next morning.答案：to getin order to do sth. “为了做某事”。8Several weeks had gone by _ they knew the painting was missing.答案：beforebefore引导的时间状语从句，表示“在以前”，从句常用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时。9While _ (wait) for the bus by the roadside, I found a wallet on the ground.答案：waiting时间状语从句的主语和主句主语一致，且从句谓语部分含有be动词，

14、故从句中省略主语和be动词，填waiting。while waiting可看作是while I was waiting的省略。10The windows havent been cleaned for at least a year and are _ (dust) now.答案：dustydusty “脏的，布满尘土的”，是形容词，在此处作表语。三、完形填空。Something quite tragic(悲剧的)happened in our home.It had a _1_ effect on our lives.It _2_ the way we relax and even wher

15、e we sit.There was no fire or flood.we _3_ our WiFi service，for over a week.I was raised in the preWiFi era，so I was relatively _4_ to the situation.My children，_5_，did not have this training.When given the news that there was no WiFi in the house，their first _6_ was：“But，what will we do？”Fortunatel

16、y，the TV still worked，although the children were _7_ to find that it had only 70 channels.For the children，a(n) _8_ challenge was homework，most of which is now given online.The lack of broadband seemed to provide a new _9_ of “the dog ate my homework”excuse.My daughter _10_ that one of her friends h

17、ad her water supply temporarily _11_ due to a leak，but she thought that our lack of WiFi was _12_.“Because you can go to the shop and buy water，right？”My husband and I need the Internet to _13_ us to work at home.Luckily，Ive found out that these days you can go to the shop to _14_ WiFi.Although expe

18、nsive，it allows you to set up your own WiFi network _15_.Buying 1 GB of data makes you view your broadband differently.I dont want to _16_ it like leaving a tap running.We log on to the WiFi network and do what we have to do as _17_ as possible and log off.The changes that _18_ has created in our da

19、ily life have occurred without us really _19_.The _20_ part of our time without WiFi was seeing the children make forts(堡垒)out of the sofa cushions，which they havent done in years.1A.possible BmodestCpositive Dhuge2A.explored BchallengedCimproved Dguaranteed3A.received BbookedClost Dbought4A.addicte

20、d BaccustomedCadmitted Dattached5A.however BthereforeCotherwise Dbesides6A.impression BinspirationCresponse Drequest7A.excited BgratefulCembarrassed Ddesperate8A.avoidable BmajorCenjoyable Dsimple9A.version BtranslationCdimension Dcollection10A.repeated BpromisedCobserved Dignored11A.fixed up Bcut o

21、ffCused up Dlaid in12A.worse BbetterCclearer Dmore13A.force BencourageCremind Denable14A.look into Bsearch forCpurchase Dborrow15A.easily BsecurelyCfirmly Dconstantly16A.share BanalyzeCstore Dwaste17A.steadily BquicklyCproperly Dsmoothly18A.technology BinformationCknowledge Dintelligence19A.reflecti

22、ng BhearingCappreciating Dnoticing20A.rigid BtoughCbright Dnecessary【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，讲述了WiFi对“我”家生活的影响。【核心词汇】have an effect on对有影响temporarily adv.暂时地log on登录occur v发生1D根据上下文可知，家里没有WiFi对我们生活的影响是巨大的(huge)。possible“可能的”；modest“谦虚的”；positive“积极的”。2B根据前一句“It had a _1_ effect on our lives”和下文的“But，what wi

23、ll we do”可知，平时家里离不开WiFi，现在没有了，当然对我们平时的生活方式产生挑战。explore“探索”；improve“提升”；guarantee“保证”。3C根据下文的“When given the news that there was no WiFi in the house”可知，我们家里失去(lost) WiFi一个多星期；receive“收到”；book“订购”；buy“购买”。4B根据第二段第一句“I was raised in the preWiFi era”可知，“我”是在没有WiFi的时代长大的，因此对于没有了WiFi也是比较习惯的(accustomed)，b

24、e accustomed to表示“习惯于”。5A根据上下文可推知，“我”习惯无WiFi的生活，但是孩子们不习惯。上下文是转折关系，因此选however。6C根据空后的“But, what will we do”可知空处指的是他们的第一反应(response)。7D根据上下文可知，没有WiFi只有电视，且电视频道只有70多个，孩子们很绝望。excited“兴奋的”；grateful“感激的”；embarrassed“尴尬的”；desperate“绝望的”。8B根据本句的定语从句“most of which is now given online”可知，家庭作业应是孩子们的主要(major)挑战

25、。avoidable“可避免的”；enjoyable“令人愉快的”；simple“简单的”。9A空后的“the dog ate my homework”表示“狗吃了我的作业”，此处表示没有网络是这种借口的一个新提法，故选A。10C根据空后的宾语从句“that one of her friends had her water supply temporarily_11_ due to a leak”可知，这些内容应该是女儿讲出来(observed)的。 repeat“重复”；promise“承诺”；ignore“忽略”；observe“观察，说，评论”。11B根据该空后的“due to a le

26、ak”可推知，水管漏水了，供水会被暂时中断(cut off)。12A根据上下文可知，女儿认为我们没有WiFi更糟糕(worse)。13D根据上下文可知，为了能够在家工作，丈夫和“我”需要互联网。enable sb.to do sth.表示“使某人能做某事”。14C根据下文的“Although expensive”可知，“我”去商店买(purchase)WiFi。 look into“调查”；search for“寻找”；borrow“借”。15A根据语境可知，买了WiFi，“我”建立自己的网络就容易了。16D根据本句中的“like leaving a tap running(像让水管的水不停地

27、流着一样)”可知，我们知道让水管的水不停地流着意味着“浪费”，故选D。17B根据上下文可知，当“我”上网做事时，“我”是尽快地做，as quickly as possible表示“尽快地”。18A根据语境可知，技术已经引起了我们日常生活的改变，这些改变在我们没有注意(noticing)的情况下发生了。19D参见上题解析。reflect“反思”；hear“听到”；appreciate“欣赏”。20C根据该空后的“without WiFi was seeing the children make forts(堡垒)out of the sofa cushions，which they havent

28、 done in years”可知，没有了WiFi，孩子们可以在一起玩，这是愉快的(bright)事情。四、单句改错1He spoke calm to them trying to pour oil on troubled waters but it was useless._答案：calmcalmly副词calmly “镇静地”修饰动词短语spoke to。2There was a time that the two countries were at war._答案：thatwhenThere was a time when . 是固定结构，意为“曾经/一度/有一段时间”。3Exact s

29、peaking, I disagree with you on this matter._答案：ExactExactlyexactly speaking 为固定搭配，意为“确切地说”。4He said that he had fallen in love with Mary for two years and would get married the next year._答案：fallenbeenbe in love with可与时间段连用，fall in love with 表示瞬时动作，不可以与表示一段时间的时间状语连用。5I have never heard of the names

30、 you added up to the list._答案：去掉upadd to “添加”，add up to “合计为”。根据句意去掉up。五、七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Good Money HabitsIts the right time for a financial plan. Most plans are made in extreme excitement when you get a pay rise, or after reading a selfhelp book. _1_ Here are some tips t

31、hat will help you stay the course all year round.Take baby steps.The other day a colleague said, “I have decided to wake up at 6：30 am., starting tomorrow.” But she usually woke up at 8：30. Two hours earlier is a difficult task. After a few days I asked her how she was progressing. Her disappointed

32、smile said it all. _2_ If she had considered pushing the clock by 5 minutes every 10 days, shed reach her 6：30 am. goal in eight months. Get the idea? Now simply replace time with savings.Tell apart a plan from a habit.We made plans with a conscious mind, and habits are formed so that eventually the

33、y are dealt with by our subconscious mind; and they stick. So dont be in a rush to invest (投资) your money. Go with a systematic investment plan (SIP) of a mutual fund or start a recurring deposit (RD). As human beings, we want to progress. _3_Get your familys support._4_ If your daughter knows that

34、she can only eat out one weekend a month because you are putting money away for a European trip in 2018, she will be much more cooperative and feel she is a part of the decision._5_Link your investment to a particular financial goal; your commitment to it will be stronger. A client decided to open a

35、 RD, but she seemed directionless about the investment. Once we suggested that she link it to her daughters education fund, she immediately increased the amount she was investing. When you name your investment, the goal takes on a greater meaning.AGive you goal a meaning.BBut soon the charm dies dow

36、n, and so does the enthusiasm.CIts a good idea to involve your family in your financial plan.DLook at them as a promise to yourself, a promise that needs to be honored.EI suggested that she set her alarm for 5 minutes before her regular time.FIf you know this well in advance, you are less likely to

37、buy an expensive mobile phone on an urge.GOnce a habit is formed, we want to move ahead and will most probably increase the investment amount withot any encouragement.【解题导语】本文介绍了如何养成良好的理财习惯。1B空处上文提到是时候做个理财计划了，但是很多计划是在极度兴奋的情况下做出的；空处下文提到下文是一些帮助你坚持自己的计划的建议。因此可知，B项“但是很快(计划的)魅力逐渐消失，热情也是如此”符合语境。2E本句承上启下。空

38、前讲作者看到一位同事失望的表情；且根据空后的“如果她考虑每隔十天把闹钟提前五分钟的话”可知，空处就是作者的建议，因此E项与此处匹配。3G根据本段标题“Tell apart a plan from a habit”可知，本段讲要区分开计划和习惯，G项“一旦形成一个习惯，我们就想前进，并且不用任何鼓励就很可能提升投资量”符合语境。G项中的“move ahead”也与空前的“progress”呼应。4C根据本段标题“Get your familys support”和空后的“If your daughter knows”可推知，此处表示“让家人加入到理财计划中是个好主意”，故C项与此处匹配。5A本空为段落标题。根据下文的“a particular financial goal”及所举例子可知，有了理财目标还不够，需要给它一个意义。因此A项能够概括该段。