2020-2021学年高中英语 Unit 8 Green Living Topic Talk练习（含解析）北师大版必修3.doc

1、Unit 8Green LivingTopic Talk聆听经典话题热身 Earth Song地球之歌, 是美国流行天王迈克尔杰克逊于1995年发行的个人单曲, 收录于专辑History中。这首歌曲或许可以说是以“地球的名义”而唱的, 歌词内容大致是描述当时的环境和社会的破坏与不和谐, 表达了迈克尔杰克逊对地球的热爱。此曲推出后大获好评, 成为迈克尔杰克逊演唱会的保留曲目。注: 听音填空Earth SongMichael Jackson What about sunriseWhat about rainWhat about all the thingsThat you said we were

2、 to gainWhat about killing fieldsIs there a timeWhat about all the thingsThat you said was yours and mineDid you ever stop to noticeAll the blood weve shed before Did you ever stop to noticeThe crying Earth the weeping shoresWhat have we done to the worldLook what weve doneWhat about all the peaceTh

3、at you pledge your only sonWhat about flowering fieldsIs there a time What about all the dreamsThat you said was yours and mineDid you ever stop to noticeAll the children dead from warDid you ever stop to noticeThe crying Earth the weeping shoresI used to dream I used to glance beyond the starsNow I

4、 dont know where we areAlthough I know weve drifted farHey, what about yesterday(What about us) What about the seas (What about us) The heavens are falling down (What about us) I cant even breathe (What about us) What about lost again (What about us)I landed the woe(What about us) What about natures

5、 worthIts our planets womb(What about us) What about animals (What about it) Weve turned kingdoms to dust(What about us)What about elephants (What about us) Have we lost their trust (What about us) What about crying whales (What about us)Were ravaging the seas(What about us)歌曲译文: 地球之歌迈克尔杰克逊日出呢 雨呢 还有

6、你说过 我们会得到的一切呢杀戮的土地呢有没有结束的时候还有你说过属于你和我的一切呢你有没有停下来想想我们曾挥洒下的血汗你有没有停下来看看流泪的地球, 哭泣的海岸我们对世界做了什么 看看我们做了什么吧 还有你向独子许诺过的一切和平呢 鲜花遍布的田野呢 有没有结束的时候还有你说过 属于你和我的所有梦想呢你有没有停下来想想战争中死去的那些孩子你有没有停下来看看流泪的地球, 哭泣的海岸我曾经梦想我曾经遥望群星之上如今不知我们身在何方尽管我明白我们漂泊了太远嘿, 昨天呢(我们呢) 海洋呢(我们呢) 天堂跌落(我们呢)我简直不能呼吸(我们呢)再次失去呢(我们呢)我造成了这次灾难(我们呢)宝贵的自然呢那是我

7、们地球的孕育地 (我们呢)动物呢(它呢)我们把它们的王国化为灰烬(我们呢)大象呢(我们呢)我们是不是已失去它们的信任(我们呢)哭泣的鲸鱼呢(我们呢)我们污染了海洋(我们呢)主题活动话题实践Topic: Green Living. 话题词汇1. our exhibition on green living我们关于绿色生活的展览2. understand this concept after the exhibition在展览后了解这个概念3. introduce various types of pollution介绍不同种类的污染4. cause different kinds of envi

8、ronmental problems造成各种各样的环境问题5. affect our environment and our health 影响我们的环境和健康6. a good way to reduce pollution一个减少污染的好方法7. lead a green life绿色生活8. live in harmony with nature与自然和谐相处9. create more green spaces创造更多绿色空间10. our fight against problems like global warming我们与全球变暖等问题的斗争 . 话题情境根据情境和提示完成对话

9、。W: Ive finally finished my work today. James, can you give me a cup, please? I want to drink some water. M: OK. Here you are. Oh, wait. Use this one, please. W: 1. Why cant I use that one(为什么我不能用那个)? M: That cup is made of seaweed. If you use it to hold hot water, itll be damaged and Im afraid youl

10、l get scalded. W: Then why did you buy such cups? M: You know I 2. care about the environment (爱护环境)very much. Now we produce too much waste every day. Different from plastic and paper cups, this kind of cup can disappear within thirty days outdoors and they do no harm to soil. I think its 3. a good

11、 way to reduce pollution(一个减少污染的好方法). W: Thats amazing. Could you go to the supermarket with me tomorrow? I want to buy some such cups, too. M: OK. I didnt know you also care about the environment. W: Well, I think we all should do what we can to 4. live in harmony with nature(与自然和谐相处). M: I cant ag

12、ree more. 要点精研探究学习1. desert n. 沙漠, 荒原 vt. 遗弃, 抛弃*(2019全国卷)Above 4, 000 meters is the highland desert: gravel, stones and rocks. 海拔4 000米以上是高地沙漠: 砾石、石块和岩石。*The police are looking for the woman who deserted children. 警方正在寻找那位遗弃孩子们的妇人。*The villages had been deserted. 这些村庄已经荒无人烟了。desert sb. /sth. 抛弃/遗弃某

13、人/物deserted adj. 荒芜的; 被遗弃的; 无人居住的【巧学助记】To his surprise, he found a deserted hut in the desert. 使他惊奇的是, 他在沙漠中发现了一个废弃的小屋。(1)语法填空。When he reached the old temple, he found it deserted(desert) and in ruins. (2)He went to the Sahara last year which is the biggest desert in the world. 去年他去了撒哈拉, 它是世界上最大的沙漠。

14、(3)Mikes confidence seemed to have deserted him. 迈克似乎丧失了信心。2. global adj. 全球的, 全世界的; 全面的, 总体的 *The scientists are carrying out a study on the effects of global warming. 科学家们正在研究全球变暖所带来的影响。*We need to take a more global approach to the problem. 我们需要采取更全面的方法解决这个问题。*The more we globalize, the more we l

15、ocalize. 全球化程度越高, 我们就越本土化。*(2020全国卷)The popularity of these platforms is spreading globally. 这些平台在全球范围内越来越受欢迎。(1)globe n. 地球, 世界(2)globally adv. 全球地; 全局地; 世界上globalize v. 使全球化(1)语法填空。China ranked first in global (globe)art sales last year. Globally(global), growth is at its weakest since the recover

16、y began almost two years ago. As the world becomes more complex, some things do, of course, standardize and globalize(globe). (2)With the development of industry, global warming (全球变暖) is becoming a more and more serious problem. 3. solution n. 解决, 解决方法 *Theres no simple solution to this problem. 这个

17、问题没有简单的解决办法。 *Attempts are being made to solve the problem of waste disposal. 正在努力想办法解决废物处理的问题。(1)solution to. . . 解决的方法(2)solve vt. 解决; 解答(1)语法填空。Do you have a better solution(solve)? The solution to these problems is an easy one. (2)Their domestic reforms did nothing to solve the problem of unempl

18、oyment. 他们的国内改革没有采取任何措施来解决失业问题。4. balance n. 平衡 vt. 使平衡*(2019天津高考)These actions have greatly affected the ecological balance. 这些行为极大地影响了生态平衡。*A little child has to learn to keep his balance before he can walk far. 小孩子在能走远之前要先学会保持平衡。*On balance, the company has had a successful year. 总的来说, 公司这一年是成功的。

19、*We should do what we can to keep the balance of nature. 我们应该尽我们所能保持生态平衡。【导图理词】【巧学助记】(1)语法填空。The cost of obtaining legal advice needs to be balanced against its benefits. He cut down on coffee and cigarettes, and ate a balanced(balance) diet. (2)On balance(总的来说) biotechnology should be good news for

20、 developing countries. (3)Its difficult to keep your balance on an icy pavement. 人行道上结了冰, 要想保持平衡不容易。(4)一句多译。我身体失去平衡, 摔了一跤。I lost my balance and fell. (lose)I was out of balance and fell. (be)5. fight against 为反对而斗争 *(2019北京高考)The city planners were convinced by Ellis Chesbrough to fight against heav

21、y floods. 埃利斯切斯布罗说服了城市规划者与严重的洪水作斗争。*A hero is brave enough to fight for his country. 英雄有足够的勇气去为自己的国家战斗。*He fought with a man in the bar. 他在酒吧里和一个男人斗殴。*That is not worth fighting about. 那件事不值得争辩。fight for为而战fight with与并肩作战; 与作斗争fight about. . . 关于而争论(1)语法填空。I hope they continue to fight for equal jus

22、tice after Im gone. Many people fought with the Iraqi against Bush. (2)That is what I will fight about. 那就是我将争辩的事情。课时素养评价五Unit 8Topic Talk. 单句语法填空1. Sunlight reflection may relieve global (globe)warming. 2. Measures for preventing and controlling industrial(industry) pollution have gradually been pe

23、rfected. 3. The organization was set up to preserve endangered species from extinction(extinct). 4. In the future, we will have more quick transportation (transport)means. 5. With the help of our English teacher, we had a discussion and finally came up with a proper solution(solve). 6. Besides, many

24、 parents have limited knowledge about what a balanced (balance)diet is. 7. I will do my part for my study in English. 8. Mrs Luhrs now edits a magazine, which publishes tips on how to buy recycled(recycle) furniture. 9. The project is aimed at making some companies reuse all deserted (desert) plasti

25、c bottles. 10. He tapped(tap) me on the shoulder and then gave me a bright smile. . 选词填空keep ones balance, types of, fight against, do ones part for, live in harmony with1. The little girl struggled to keep her balance on her new skates. 2. Ill do my part for finishing it as soon as possible. 3. We

26、always desire to live in harmony with our neighbors. 4. We must all fight against unfairness and cruelty. 5. China is famous for many different types of folk dances. . 完成句子1. We had experimented with several solutions to this problem before finding a proper one. 在找到一个合适的解决方案之前, 我们已经试验了好几种解决方案。(solut

27、ion)2. Its very difficult for me to keep my balance on an icy street. 我很难在结冰的街道上保持平衡。(balance)3. Great achievements can be done if humans live in harmony with nature. 如果人类与自然和谐相处, 就能取得巨大的成就。(live in harmony with. . . )4. What an interesting book! 多么有趣的一本书啊! (感叹句)5. To our surprise, some people are i

28、gnorant of the facts about global warming. 令我们惊讶的是, 有些人对全球变暖的事实一无所知。(global). 阅读理解A(2020合肥高一检测)A solar-powered car that can be charged as it runs is being tested in Germany. Munich-based manufacturer(制造商)Sono Motors has built the new type, named Sion, and will likely help the European powerhouse hit

29、 its national target of 1 million electric cars on the road by 2020. Sono Motors has solar cells fixed into Sions bodywork, with a total of 330 solar cells built into the roof, bonnet and sides of the vehicle. These enable the vehicles battery to be charged when sunlight is hitting the solar cells,

30、whether it is on the road, or parked in the sunny spot in a car park. The solar-powered vehicle is set to be launched in Germany in 2019. Sono Motors wants Sion to be universal and allows the car to be charged using solar energy as well as conventional outlets(电源插座), so car owners arent left on clou

31、dy days. The firm has made a 2019 date for mass production, which will be undertaken(承担) by a European manufacturer. Some 6, 500 people have already placed orders for the electric vehicle. Prices for Sion tend to start from 16, 000 next year. The all-electric vehicle will offer a range of around 250

32、 km before the battery runs out completely and it needs recharging either by solar power or using a wall plug, the company said. Sion was designed originally as an environmentally conscious car, but will also include a number of features designed around comfort to help it compete with other modern v

33、ehicles. “We have a seat heater, air conditioning, and a large entertainment system where I can also connect my phone, which means I really have a full vehicle, ” Laurin Hahn, co-founder of the company told Reuters. 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了德国生产的一款太阳能汽车Sion。1. What can we know from Paragraph 3? A. The

34、car is popular on the road. B. The car has a very large battery. C. There are 330 solar cells on the car. D. Where there is sunlight, Sion can be charged. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第三段中的 “These enable the vehicles battery to be charged when sunlight is hitting the solar cells, whether it is on the road, or par

35、ked in the sunny spot in a car park. ”可知, 当阳光照射到太阳能电池上时, 无论这款车是在路上还是停在停车场里阳光充足的地方, 电池都能充电。所以只要有阳光, 这款车就能充电。故选 D 项。2. What does the underlined word “launched” in Paragraph 4 mean? A. designed B. released C. improved D. recalled【解析】选B。词义猜测题。根据第六段 “ The firm has made a 2019 date for mass production, wh

36、ich will be undertaken by a European manufacturer. ”可知, 该公司已经确定了2019年大规模生产的日期, 这将由一家欧洲制造商承担。所以这款太阳能汽车即将在 2019 年上市。由此判断出画线词是“发布”的意思。故选 B 项。3. Why doesnt the car break down when it is cloudy? A. Because it is made from the rainproof material. B. Because it can be charged by clouds on cloudy days. C. B

37、ecause it can store a great deal of energy. D. Because it can be charged by conventional power outlets. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第五段的 “ Sono Motors wants Sion to be universal and allows the car to be charged using solar energy as well as conventional outlets, so car owners arent left on cloudy days. ”可知, 即使在阴

38、天, Sion 也可以使用, 因为这款车可以使用传统的插座充电。故选 D 项。4. What are the features of the car? A. Modern, powerful and popular. B. Environmentally friendly, comfortable and competitive. C. Environmentally friendly, cheap and simple. D. Expensive, fashionable and energy-saving. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Sion was designed

39、originally as an environmentally conscious car, but will also include a number of features designed around comfort to help it compete with other modern vehicles. ”可知, Sion最初是作为一款环保汽车设计的, 但它也将包括一些围绕舒适性设计的功能, 以帮助它与其他现代汽车竞争。所以这款车环保、舒适、具有竞争力。故选 B 项。B“What kind of rubbish are you? ” This question might n

40、ormally cause anger, but in Shanghai it has become a special “greeting” among people over the past week. On July 1st, the city introduced strict trash-sorting regulations (条例that are required to follow and expected to be used as a model for our country. Residents must divide their waste into four se

41、parate categories and toss (投放)it into specific public dustbins. They must do so at specified times, when monitors are present to ensure correct trash-tossing and to ask the nature of ones rubbish. Individuals who fail to follow the regulations face the possibility of fines and worse. They could be

42、punished with fines of up to 200 yuan ( $ 29). For those who repeat to go against them, the government can add black marks to their credit records, making it harder for them to get bank loans or even buy train tickets. Shanghai government is responding to an obvious environmental problem. It generat

43、es 9 million tons of garbage a year, more than Londons annual output, which is rising quickly. But like other cities in China, it lacks a recycling system. Instead, it has relied on trash pickers to sift (筛选)through the waste, picking out whatever can be reused. This has limits. As people get wealth

44、ier, fewer of them want to do such dirty work. The waste, meanwhile, just keeps piling up. Many residents appear to support the idea of recycling in general but are annoyed by the details. Rubbish must be divided according to whether it is food, recyclable, dry or harmful, the distinctions among whi

45、ch can be confusing, though there are apps to help work it out. Some have complained about the rules concerning food waste. They must put it straight in the required public bins, forcing them to tear open plastic bags and toss it by hand. What they complain most is the short periods for dropping tra

46、sh, typically a couple of hours, morning and evening. Along with the monitors at the bins, this means that people go at around the same time and can keep an eye on what is being thrown out; no one wants to look bad. 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文, 主要介绍了7月1日上海市出台的垃圾分类规定, 有望成为我国的一个典范。5. What do we know about the tras

47、h-sorting regulations in Shanghai? A. They are the first of their kind. B. They are tied to ones bank account. C. They have the highest fines. D. Theyre aided by monitors. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第一段They must do so at specified times, when monitors are present to ensure correct trash-tossing and to ask the n

48、ature of ones rubbish. 和最后一段Along with the monitors at the bins, 可知扔垃圾有人监督。故选D项。6. Why has Shanghai introduced the trash-sorting regulations? A. There are fewer and fewer trash pickers. B. It aims to build a new recycling system. C. It faces more and more serious garbage problems. D. People throw th

49、e rubbish here and there. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第三段可知上海市政府正在应对一个明显的环境问题。它每年产生900万吨垃圾, 比伦敦的年产量还多, 并且缺乏回收系统。所以上海出台垃圾分类规定是因为它面临着越来越严重的垃圾问题。故选C项。7. What makes the residents upset most about the regulations? A. Limited time for tossing the trash. B. Confusing distinction among the categories of trash. C. Being

50、fined due to improper behavior. D. Being watched by monitors when throwing the garbage. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据最后一段What they complain most is the short periods for dropping trash, typically a couple of hours, morning and evening. “他们抱怨最多的是垃圾投放的时间很短, 通常是早晚两个小时。”可知扔垃圾的时间规定让居民们最不满。故选A项。8. What can be the best

51、title for the text? A. A Good Way of Trash-sortingB. A New Era of Garbage ClassificationC. A Great Time in Dealing with LitterD. An Effective Solution to Rubbish Problem【解析】选B。主旨大意题。根据第一段中“On July 1st, the city introduced strict trash-sorting regulations that are required to follow and expected to b

52、e used as a model for our country. Residents must divide their waste into four separate categories and toss it into specific public dustbins. They must do so at specified times, when monitors are present to ensure correct trash-tossing and to ask the nature of ones rubbish. ”可知, “垃圾分类的新时代”符合主旨。故选B项。

53、. 语法填空People are wasting things everywhere and every day. Wherever we go, we can see that paper, bottles and cans are thrown away; food 1. _ (waste) just because of its poor taste; clothes are thrown around simply due to their old fashion. Not only things and money are wasted, but natural resources

54、are wasted as well. 2. _ (tree) are cut down merely for fuel; wildlife is killed 3. _ (simple) for food; coal and minerals are exploited (开采) in 4. _ bad way. The worst example of mans waste is the waste of time. Many people tend to spend their time on 5. _ (worth) things, such as wandering about (漫

55、步) in the street, gossiping in the office, or 6. _ (sleep) too much during the day. As we know, time is so valuable to us that it will never return if it 7. _ (pass) by. It is time 8. _ (call) for an end to waste. On the one hand, we must save natural resources and make full use of them, 9. _ is ver

56、y important to our future; otherwise human beings will be faced with the lack of natural resources and suffer 10. _ pollution caused by waste. On the other hand, we must value our time. Only with our time devoted to study and work for the people will we never regret the life we have had. 【文章大意】本文是一篇

57、说明文, 介绍了人类在生活中存在严重的浪费现象, 由此呼吁人们停止浪费。1. 【解析】is wasted。句意: 食物因为味道不好而被浪费掉。陈述的是客观事实, food 与waste之间是被动关系, 所以用一般现在时的被动语态, 主语是food, 谓语动词用第三人称单数形式, 故填is wasted。2. 【解析】Trees。句意: 人们砍伐树木只是为了获取燃料。tree是可数名词, 空后的“are”表明此处用复数形式, 故填Trees。3. 【解析】simply。句意: 人们捕杀野生动物只是为了获取食物。修饰介词短语for food用副词, 故填simply。4. 【解析】a。句意: 煤和

58、矿物的开采方式很糟糕。way是可数名词, 此处用不定冠词表泛指, bad的发音以辅音音素开头, 故填a。5. 【解析】worthless。句意: 许多人倾向于把时间花在毫无价值的事情上, 比如在街上闲逛、在办公室闲聊或者白天睡大觉。修饰名词things用形容词, 根据空后的举例可知此处表示“无价值的”, 故填worthless。6. 【解析】sleeping。分析句子结构可知此处与wandering和gossiping并列, 用动名词作such as的宾语, 故填sleeping。7. 【解析】passes。句意: 正如我们所知, 时间对我们是如此宝贵, 一去不复返。if引导的条件状语从句用一

59、般现在时表将来, 主语是it, 谓语用第三人称单数形式, 故填passes。8. 【解析】to call。句意: 现在是呼吁停止浪费的时候了。It is time to do sth. 是固定句型, 表示“是做某事的时候了”, 故填to call。9. 【解析】which。句意: 一方面, 我们必须节约和充分利用自然资源, 这对我们的未来非常重要。此处为非限制性定语从句, 关系词指代整个主句内容并在从句中作主语, 故填which。10. 【解析】from。句意: 否则, 人类将面临自然资源的匮乏和遭受浪费造成的污染。suffer from表示“遭受”, 故填from。阅读理解(2020西安高一

60、检测)Plastic is used for food packaging(包装) and water bottles as well as many other things you use every day. Look around, plastic is all over! Sadly, much of plastic waste is thrown into waste lands or washed into the sea, breaking down into particles. Particles are often taken in by animals or fish.

61、 Unless you are the one who only eats vegetables, it is highly likely that you are also eating this plastic. Besides, when you drink soft drinks from a plastic bottle, you also have the danger of drinking a dangerous chemical. It has been proved that plastic is connected with some types of diseases

62、and young childrens growth. A plastic bottle can break down into enough small pieces on each seaside in the whole world. They have also been discovered to collect in large amounts in sea locations where winds and currents(洋流) are weak. How do you help to solve the problem? Use a stainless steel(不锈钢)

63、 bottle. It is an obvious way to deal with the problem that has been ignored for many years. Many countries become increasingly more familiar with the pollution that is damaging the environment. Its easy to understand why steps are being taken to discover things to replace the plastic. If you use a

64、stainless steel water bottle, you can help cut the number of using plastic bottles, which are thrown away and break down gradually. It may even take 1, 000 years to fade away. In a word, even by doing something as small as changing your water bottle to a stainless steel one, you could make the world

65、 a better place to live for future generations. 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文, 介绍了塑料瓶对环境的不良影响及解决办法。1. What does the underlined word “particles” mean in Paragraph 1? A. Tiny pieces of plastic. B. Healthy drinks to humans. C. New bottles. D. Useful materials. 【解析】选 A。词义猜测题。由第一段中的“Sadly, much of plastic waste is thro

66、wn into waste lands or washed into the sea, breaking down into particles. ”和第一段中的“Unless you are the one who only eats vegetables, it is highly likely that you are also eating this plastic. ”可知被扔进荒地或被冲入大海的塑料垃圾会分解成塑料碎片被人吃下去, 所以particles在本句中意为“塑料碎片”。故选A项。2. What bad influence do plastic products have

67、on people according to the text? A. They change peoples eating habits. B. They affect peoples ways of choosing food. C. They change peoples attitudes to soft drinks. D. They may make people suffer from some kinds of diseases. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。由第一段的最后一句“It has been proved that plastic is connected with s

68、ome types of diseases and young childrens growth. ”可知塑料产品也许会导致人生病。故选D项。3. Which of the following does the author want to express? A. Winds in the sea are often weak in some seasons. B. Chemicals of animals in the sea are easy to collect. C. Many countries are suffering from the pollution of plastic.

69、 D. Plastic will completely be replaced by other things in the future. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。由第二段中的“A plastic bottle can break down into enough small pieces on each seaside in the whole world. ”和倒数第二段中的“Many countries become increasingly more familiar with the pollution that is damaging the environment. Its

70、easy to understand why steps are being taken to discover things to replace the plastic. ”可推断许多国家正在遭受塑料的污染。故选C项。4. What is the text mainly about? A. A major use of plastic bottles. B. A large amount of plastic on the seaside. C. The future development of plastic bottles. D. The bad influence of plastic bottles and its solution. 【解析】选D。主旨大意题。由第一段中的“Besides, when you drink soft drinks from a plastic bottle, you also have the danger of drinking a dangerous chemical. It has been proved that plastic is connected with some types of diseases and young childrens growth. ”可知, 本文讲的是塑料瓶的不良影响及解决办法。故选D项。