天津市青光中学2012届高三英语 NOUN CLAUSES（课件）.ppt

1、名词性从句Noun ClausesWhat are noun clauses(名词性从句)?-Noun clauses are the clauses that have the same functions as nouns.A clause used as the subject is called A clause used as the object is called A clause used as the predictive is called A clause used as the appositive is called-subject clause主语从句-object

2、 clause宾语从句-predictive clause表语从句-appositive clause同位语从句Noun clauses(名词性从句)1.That he will come is certain.2.I know that he will come.3.The truth is that I have been there.4.The fact that she was latesurprised us.-subject clause-object clause-predictive clause-appositive clauseWhat kind of Noun claus

3、e do they belong to?主语从句subject clause1.That he knows Japanese is known to all.3.When he will come is unknown.4.Whether he is coming doesnt matter much.5.It remains a secret how they climbed up the mountain.主语太长了!放到句尾That无词义,不可省略What“什么”,“所.的”2.What we need are teachers.When“什么时候”主语从句不用 if主语从句的位置 1.

4、在句首 2.主语较长时通常放在后面,句首主语用 It从句 that whether who whom whose what which when where why how及缩合连词如：whoever,引导词:whatever等1.It is a pity that we cant go swimming.4.It is said that he has told her everything.2.It happened that I was out that day3.It is certain that he will do well in the exam.“it“in object c

5、lauses真可惜我们不能去游泳.碰巧那天我外出了.他考试肯定会考好.据说他已告诉了她一切.从句同主语从句(11个),外加引导词:as if,as though1.The truth is _ he has never been to the countryside.2.The question is _ we can finish the experiment by Friday.3.It looks _ it were going to rain.4.This school is no longer _ it was before.Predictive clause(表语从句)thatwh

6、etheras ifwhat注意下列表语从句中where,how,why 的译法1.This is where Lu Xun once lived.1.That was how they won the match.2.This is why she got up so early this morning.这就是鲁迅曾经住过的地方.他们就是这样赢得这场比赛的.这就是她今天早上起得这么早的原因.我们就是这样克服困难的.那就是他昨天缺席的原因.这就是我们上星期遇到的地方.This is how we overcame the difficultiesThat is why he was abse

7、nt yesterday.This is where we met last Sunday.object clause宾语从句从句(同主语从句)whether可以换成if但”四种情况”下不能用if引导词:1.They pretended(that)they knew how to do it.2.She said(that)she couldnt tell me and that I couldnt understand.宾语从句并列时,只省略第一个 that4.Everything depends on whether we have enough time.(if)5.I dont kno

8、w whether he will come or not.(if)6.The question is whetherhe will agree.(if)7.I havent decided whetherto leave.(if)在介词后面不用ifif不能与or not连用if 只用于宾语从句if后不能跟不定式 宾语从句经常做介词的宾语1.She is not satisfied with _ she has achieved.2.Mary always thinks of _ she can do more for the class.3.He wrote a letter of than

9、ks to _ helped him.4.It depends on if we have enough time.whether we have enough time.介词后面不用 if whathowwhoever5.Are you sorry for which you have done?what you have done?同位语从句常见被说明的词有:fact,news,hope,opinion,doubt,order,question,problem,belief,truth,decision,discovery,conclusion,promise,fear,thought,s

10、uggestion,plan,idea同位语从句说明它们的内容常见引导词:that,whether(if),how,wh-疑问词1.The fact that deeds are better than words is quite clear.2.The question how I did it is hard to answer.3.They had no idea where they should go to find some food.4.The question whether he comes or not is not important.(if)5.A thought c

11、ame to me that he might be in the library.事实胜于雄辨这一道理非常清楚.我怎么做的这一问题难回答.他们根本不知去哪儿找食物他是否来这个问题不重要.我突然想到他可能在图书馆.被别的词隔开that 无词义1.We havent discussed yet_we are going to place our new furniture.A.that B.which C.what D.where (2010 全国I)2.It is obvious to the students_they should get well prepared for their f

12、uture.A.as B.which C.whether D.that(2009天津)3.The last time we had great fun was_we were visiting the Water Park.A.where B.how C.when D.why (2008天津)4.The fact has worried many scientists_the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.A.what B.which C.that D.though (2009江西)What are the difference

13、s between appositive clauses(同位语从句)and attributive clauses(定语从句)?1.同位语从句的先行名词多为抽象名词极为有限，而定语从句的先行词则不计其数。2.引导同位语从句的wh-词多具有疑问意义，而引导定语从句的wh-词则没有疑问意义。例如：I have no idea when she will be back.（When 此处译为“什么时候”有疑问的含义，同位语从句）I cant forget the days when we spent summer holidays in the countryside.(when 此处可译为“在那

14、时”没有疑问含义，定语从句)3.引导同位语从句的连词that在句中不担任句子成分，而引导定语从句的that则在从句中作主语，宾语等。例:(1).I had no idea that it was so late.(that 不作从句中的成分,同位语从句)(2).I still remember the place that we visited last year(that 在从句中作宾语,定语从句)1.We expressed the hope that they had expressed.2.We expressed the hope that they would come to Ch

15、ina again.Attributive or AppositiveATAPAPAT3.We were excited about the news that he had told us.4.We were excited about the news that he had passed the exam.用because 引导的表语从句仅限于以下一个句型This is/that is/it is because that那是因为你吃的太多.可能是因为我不喜欢运动.The/One reason is that句型The reason why“Harry potter“is so popu

16、lar is that the book is full of imagination.语序问题特殊句式时态连词的选择虚拟语气在名词性从句中的应用名词性从句考题点击1.Tomorrow is Toms birthday.Have you got any idea_the party is to be held?A.what B.which C.that D.where（2008陕西）此题考查同位语从句。根据句意：明天是汤姆的生日，你觉得派对在哪举行？故选DD2.When changing lanes,a driver should use his turning signal to let o

17、ther drivers know_A.he is entering which lane B.which lane he is enteringC.is he entering which lane D.which lane is he entering(2010上海)此题考查宾语从句的语序问题。在从句中应用陈述语序。故选BB3.One reason for her preference for city life is_she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants.A.that B.how C.what D.wh

18、y（2010上海）此题考查The/One reasonis that特殊句式。故选AA4.Hurry up!Alice and Sue are waiting for you at the school gate.Oh!I thought they _ without me.Awent Bare going Chave gone Dhad gone(05江西卷)此处考查宾语从句的时态。主句的动词为过去时态时，从句中的动作一般都要使用过去的某一时态，除非表示客观真理。根据句意：我以为她们没等我，已经走了。故此处选D.D5.The teacher demanded that the work _ before 4 oclock.A.finished B.be finished C.should finish D.finish此题考查demand后接宾语从句。在动词suggest,order,demand,request,等词后需用（should）+动词原形 的虚拟语气。故选D