初中英语2025届中考词汇讲解系列（共四组）0509.doc

1、中考英语词汇讲解（一）1.once(adv./conj.)adv.一次，曾经once a week一周一次at once 立刻，马上once again/more再一次once or twice一次或两次once upon a time从前once in a while偶尔conj.一旦例句一旦你成功，你就会感觉很棒！Once you succeed,you feel great!2.part(n./v.)n.部分，部位，地区，角色a part of .的一部分play an important part in.在.中起重要作用take (an active) part in（积极）参加v.分

2、离 part with 放弃，舍弃partly(adv.)部分地particular(adj.)特别的，挑剔的in particular尤其，特别-particularly(adv.)特别，尤其=especially3.pass(v./n.)v.经过，通过，传递，流逝pass the exam通过考试pass sb sth/pass sth to sb递给某人某物pass away去世pass by经过，路过pass on传递pass out分发/hand outpass around/round传阅，分发n.通行证passage(n.)章节，段落，通道passenger(n.)乘客passp

3、ort(n.)护照4.past(adj./adv./prep.)adj.过去的，以往的in the past 3 years在过去的3年里adv.经过，逝去prep.经过，过 a quarter past seven 7点15分5.quarter(n.)四分之一，一刻钟，季度a quarter of四分之一three quarters of四分之三the first quarter第一季度6.pay(v./n.)-paid-paidv.支付，付出，付钱pay off还清（欠债等），取得成功pay back偿还pay a visit参观pay attention to注意pay for sth付

4、钱买某物n.工资，薪水-payment(n.)支付low/high pay低薪/高薪cost(v./n.)花费，费用，代价cost 钱spend(v.) :spend st in doing sth花费时间做某事spend sm on (doing) sth某物花费.钱take:It takes sb st to do sth.做某事花费某人多长时间。7.paint(n./v.)油漆，颜料，画，涂油漆-painter(n.)画家，油漆工-painting(n.)画8.paper(n.)纸，试卷 a piece of paperpaper cutting 剪纸9.patient(adj./n.)

5、耐心的，病人-patience(n.)耐心-impatient(adj.)没耐心的-patiently(adv.)耐心地be patient with sb对某人有耐心10.quick(adj.)快的，迅速的-侧重做某事很少拖延-quickly(adv.)Be quick.快点。fast(adj./adv.)快的，迅速地-侧重人或物体移动快或做事麻利-fast-faster-fastestfast food快餐例句时光飞逝。Time flew fast.rapid(adj.)快的，迅速的-rapidly(adv.)-侧重事物变化速度快make rapid proress进步快11.fly(v.

6、/n.)飞，驾驶（飞机），放飞，飞逝，苍蝇-flew-flownflying(n./adj.)乘飞机旅行，能飞行的fly a kite 放风筝例句笨鸟先飞。Slow birds have to start flying early.时间过得真快呀！How time flies!12.quiet(adj.)安静的，僻静的-quietly(adv.)安静地keep/be quiet保持安静13.quite(adv.)相当，非常，完全quite a相当，非常quite a big dog14.rain(n./v.)雨，下雨heavy /light rain大雨/小雨rain heavily / ha

7、rd下大雨rain cats and dogs倾盆大雨-rainy(adj.)多雨的-rainbow(n.)彩虹-raincoat(n.)雨衣-rainstorm(n.)暴风雨-rainforest(n.)热带雨林15.storm(n.)暴风雨-stormy(adj.)有暴风雨的a huge/heavy storm16.raise(v.)举起，使升高，提高，增加，筹款，养育raise money for为.筹钱raise ones hand举手rise(vi.)上升，起床，增加-rose-risen不及物动词不可接宾语。The sun is rising.17.rather(adv.)相当，相

8、反rather than而不是would rather do than do宁愿做而不做例句我宁愿在家待着，也不愿去钓鱼。Id rather stay st home than go fishing.18.prefer(v.)更喜欢，更愿意-preferred-perference(n.)偏爱prefer sth更喜欢某物prefer A to B比起B更喜欢Aprefer doing A to doing B 比起做A更喜欢做Bprefer to do sth更喜欢做某事prefer to do A rather than do B宁愿做A也不愿做B例句他们宁愿去徒步，也不愿去划船。They

9、 prefer to go hiking rather than go boating.比起看电视，我更喜欢读书。I prefer reading books to watching TV.19.reach(v.)到达，伸手，实现，达成reach sp 到达某地reach ones goal实现某人的目标reach out伸出reach for 伸手去拿arrive in/at spget to sp20.read(v./n.)-read-readv.阅读，读懂，读到read a book/books读书read a newspaper看报纸read out 大声朗读n.读物reader(n.

10、)读者，电子阅读器reading(n.)读书 a reading room（二）1.sad(adj.)悲伤的，难过的feel sad-sadly(adv.)伤心地-sadness(n.)悲伤2.safe(adj.)安全的-safely(adv.)安全地-safety(n.)安全-unsafe/dangerous(adj.)不安全的，危险的safe and sound安然无恙keep sb safe使某人安全Safety comes first.安全第一。3.sale(n.)出售for sale待售on sale降价销售yard sale庭院旧物出售-sell(v.)售卖-sold-soldse

11、ll sb sth/sell sth to sb卖给某人某物sell well 畅销sell out/be sold out售完seller(n.)卖者，销售物4.same(adj./pron./adv.)adj.同样的 the same.as.和.一样at the same time同时pron.同样的人/物the same to you你也一样adv.同样地5.save(v.)救，拯救，节省，储蓄，保留，避免save ones life拯救某人的生命save sb/sth from (doing)sth把某人/物从某事中救起save money/water省钱/节约用水save anima

12、ls拯救动物6.waste(v./n./adj.)浪费，滥用,废弃的waste water/food浪费水/食物waste time (in)doing sth浪费时间做.a waste of time浪费时间waste things废弃物7.table(n.)桌子，表格table manners餐桌礼仪lay/set the table摆放餐具table tennis乒乓球complete the table完成表格8.take(v.)拿，带，取，花费，接受，服药，乘坐，拍摄，吃，穿，喝-took-takentake sb/sth with sb带着某人/随身携带某物It takes sb

13、st to do sth.某人花费多少时间做某事。take ones advice接受某人的建议take the medicine吃药take a bus乘公交take a walk散步take notes/photos记笔记/拍照take a shower淋浴take a rest休息take after(外貌或行为)像take apart拆开take away拿走(takeaway-n.外卖)take down拆除，写下take in 吸入，吸收take off起飞，脱掉take on呈现，接受take out取出take up 开始从事，占用take over接替take action

14、to do sth采取措施做某事9.talk(v./n.)谈话，交谈talk about/of谈论talk to/with sb 和某人交谈talk back顶嘴have a talk谈话give a talk/speech做演讲10.tall(adj.)高的-short矮的侧重人的身高tall-taller-tallest11.high(adj./adv.)-higher-highestadj.高的，高的-low低的high price高价two metres high 2米高at high speed高速行驶adv.高jump high侧重物体的高度highly(adv.)很，高度地a h

15、ighly-paid job高薪工作think/speak highly of/highly praise对.高度评价height(n.)身高，高度，海拔the height of.的高度in height 在高度上12.speed(n,/v.)速度，迅速前进-speeded/sped-speeded/spedspeed up加速at high/low/full speed以高速/低速/全速13.praise(v./n.)赞扬，称赞praise sb/sth for (doing) sth为做某事称赞某人/事14.taste(v./n.)尝起来，有.味道，味道，爱好-tasty(adj.)美味

16、的taste good尝起来不错a sweet taste甜味15.understand(v.)懂，理解，明白-understood-understood-understanding(n./adj.)理解，了解/善解人意的-misunderstand(v.)误会，误解have a good understanding of对.有一个好的理解16.university(n.)大学17.unless(conj.)除非，如果不=if.not引导的条件状语从句，一般现在时表将来。例句如果他们不尽全力，就会输掉这场比赛。They will lose the game unless they try th

17、eir best.18.until(prep./conj.)直到.才，直到.为止not.until直到.才例句只有尝试了你才知道。You never know until you try something.19.usually(adv.)通常-usual(adj.)平常的 as usual像平常一样-unusual(adj.)特别的，不寻常的20.value(n./v.)价值，有用性，用途/珍视，重视-valuable(adj.)值钱的，宝贵的，有价值的valuable experience宝贵的经验value time珍惜时间the value of .的价值different value

18、s不同的价值观（三）1.vegetable(n.)蔬菜2.view(n./v.)n.观点，看法，视野，风景in my view=in my opinion依我看point of view观点come into view映入眼帘have a good view好的视野v.看，看待3.village(n.)村庄-villager(n.)村民4.visit(v./n.)参观，拜访，看望-visitor(n.)游客pay a visit to参观，访问，拜访go for a visit to.参观.5.voice(n./v.)声音，嗓音/表达speak in a low voice低声说sweet v

19、oice甜美的嗓音voice needs表达需求6.spirit(n.)精神，情绪，灵魂build team spirit 创建团队精神in high spirits情绪高涨7.steal(v.)偷-stole-stolensteal sth from sb从某人那里偷某物8.suggest(v.)建议，提出，暗示，表明-suggestion(n.)建议suggest doing sth建议做某事suggest (that) sb (should) do sth建议某人做某事9.thirsty(adj.)口渴的，渴求的be thirsty for渴求.10.throw(v.)扔，投，抛-thr

20、ew-thrownthrow sb sth=throw sth to sb把某物扔给某人throw sth at sb/sth朝某人/某物扔某物throw away扔掉11.treat(v./n.)对待，看待，治疗，款待，请客-treatment(n.)治疗treat sb with用.对待某人treat sb to sth用某物招待某人treat oneself to给自己买某物trick or treat不招待，就使坏My treat.我请客12.volunteer(n./v.)自愿做，志愿者-voluntary(adj.)自愿的，志愿的volunteer to do sth自愿做某事13

21、.way(n.)路，方向，方式，方法all the way一直，自始至终by the way顺便说，顺便一提a/the way to do sth做某事的方式=the way of doing sthlose ones way迷路no way决不，不行in this way 以这种方式on the way to在去.的路上14.weight(n.)重量，体重-weigh(v.)称重put on weight增重lose weight减肥15.well(adv./adj./int.)-better-bestadv.好，非常，很，完全地adj.健康的 fell wellint.是啊，那么，嗯as

22、well也，还as well as和，也，除.之外well done做得好do well in=be good at擅长做.be well-known=well known for因.闻名go well with和.相配16.win(v.)赢，获得-won-won-winner(n.)赢家反义词lose(v.)输win or lose赢或输win the heart of sb赢得某人的心win the match/game赢得比赛win the respect赢得尊重17.wish(v./n.)希望，祝愿wish to do sth希望做某事make a wish许愿best wishes最

23、美好的祝愿18.worth(adj./n.)具有.价值的，价值be worth doing sth 值得做某事19.young(adj./n.)年轻的，年幼的，新兴的，年轻人，青年-oldthe young年轻人youth(n.)青少年时代，年轻人，青年20.year(n.)年，年度，年纪，年级，很长时间once a year一年一次the school year学年all year round一年到头year after year年复一年year by year年年，逐年（四）1.wrong(adj./adv/n.)adj.错误的，不对的，出故障的，不合适的反义词right例句你怎么了？Wh

24、ats wrong with you?adv.错，不对n.坏事，过失go wrong出错，弄错，(机器)出故障be wrong with有问题，有毛病2.false(adj.)不正确的，不真实的，假的，人造的反义词truetrue or false对与错false information虚假信息false teeth/hair假牙/发3.feel(v./n.)v.感觉，注意到，摸起来，摸，认为-felt-feltfeel happy感觉开心feel like doing sth想要做某事make me feel at home使我感到宾至如归feel it adj./n.to do sth认为

25、做某事.例句你今天感觉怎么样？How are you feeling today?我认为有必要把这件事告诉她。I feel it necessary to tell her about it.n.感觉，触觉feeling(n.)感觉，感情，想法a feeling of happiness幸福感4.correct(adj./v.)正确的，恰当的/改正反义词incorrect(adj.)不正确的-correctly(adv.)正确地，恰当地the correct answer正确的答案correct mistakes/pronunciation纠正错误/发音5.practice(n.)训练，练习-

26、practical(adj.)实际的，实践的，实用的practical experience实践经验-practise(v.)练习practise doing sth练习做某事practise the piano练习钢琴例句熟能生巧。Practice makes perfect.你怎么练习说英语？How do you practise speaking English?6.want(v.)想要 want to do sth7.wait(v.)等待，期待-waiter/waitress(n.)男/女服务员wait for等待cant wait to do sth 迫不及待做某事wait a mo

27、ment/second/minute等一下8.stick(v./n.)v.粘住，粘贴，刺入，戳进，卡住-stuck-stuck-sticker(n.)贴纸-sticky(adj.)黏的be/get stuck in卡住stick out伸出，突出stick to(doing)坚持，固守例句在中国，你不应该把筷子戳进食物里。In Chian,you shouldnt stick your chopsticks into the food.不管多困难，她都会坚持自己的梦想。She will stick to her dream no matter how difficult it is.n.棍，树

28、枝9.stay(v./n.)待，停留，保持（某种状态），留宿，暂住stay (at) home待在家/ stay instay away from远离stay up熬夜stay out待在户外，夜不归宿例句不要熬夜太晚，否则课堂上你会感觉很疲劳。Dont stay up too late,or you will feel tired in class.10.state(n./v.)国家，领土，州，状态，情况 / 陈述，说明-statement(n.)声明，陈述11.start(v./n.)v.开始=beginstart to do sth/doing sth开始做某事例句什么时候开始阅读都不晚

29、。Its never too late to start reading.启程，出发start off/out=set off/out创办，开办start a clubstart up启动，发动to start with首先，起初，一开始n.开始，开端a good start一个好的开始for a start首先，第一12.stop(v./n.)v.停止，阻止-stopped-stoppedstop to do sth/doing sth 停止做某事stop sb from doing sth阻止某人做某事stop by顺路造访n.停止，车站a bus stop13.courage(n.)勇气

30、，勇敢work /call up ones courage鼓起勇气have courage to do sth有勇气做某事-encourage(v.)鼓励，激励，促进-encouragement(n.)鼓励encourage sb to do sth鼓励某人做某事14.end(n./v.)n.结束，尽头反义词beginning/startat the end of在.尽头by the end of到.为止come to an end结束，完结in the end最后，终于v.结束，终止end up最终处于，最终成为-ending(n.)结尾a happy ending反义词opening-en

31、dless(adj.)无止境的15.energy(adj.)精力，能量-energetic(adj.)有活力的，精力充沛的be full of energy充满能 能量16.enough(adj./adv./pron.)足够的（地），充分的（地），足够enough sleep足够的睡眠adj.enough to do sth足够.做某事例句和他人交流时要有足够的胆量去说英语。Be brave enough to speak English when you communicate with others.我已经吃饱了。Ive had enough.17.environment(n.)环境-en

32、vironmental(adj.)环境的-environmentally(adv.)有关环境的environmental protection环境保护environmental problems/pollution环境问题/污染environmentally friendly环保的例句我们可以种更多的树来改善环境。We can plant more trees to improve the environment.18.prepare(v.)准备，准备好-preparation(n.)准备prepared(adj.)准备好的prepare for为.做准备prepare to do sth 准备做某事19.pride(n.)自豪，骄傲，引以为傲的人/物-proud(adj.)骄傲的，自豪的take pride in=be proud of为.感到骄傲the pride of.的骄傲With pride自豪地例句他们对我做的每件好事都感到骄傲。They take pride in everything good that I do.20.private(adj.)私人的，私密的，个人的，私立的private time 个人时间-privately(adv.)私下地-privacy(n.)隐私反义词publicin private私下地-in public当众11