初中英语新译林版七年级下册Unit2课文讲解（2025春）.doc

1、七年级英语下册Unit2课文讲解A部分1.Close neighbours are better than distant relatives.远亲不如近邻。【用法讲解】Close为形容词，译为“密切的、亲密的”；close也可为副词，译为“靠近、接近”；close也可为动词，译为“关、关闭”。Eg: They sat close together.他们亲密地靠在一起。Millie is a close friend of mine.米勒是我的一个亲密的朋友。Please close the door.请关门。【常见搭配】 close to .靠近.；接近.Close down关闭Eg: Th

2、e store is close to my house.这家商店离我家很近。The factory closed down last year.这个工厂去年关闭了。relative为名词，译为“亲戚”；relative也可为形容词，译为“相对的”。Eg: My aunt is my relative.我的阿姨是我的亲戚。The temperature relative to the sea level is lower here.这里的温度相对于海平面来说较低。2.Learn how to care for our community学习如何关心我们社区【用法讲解】 care可作动词，译为“

3、关心、愿意”；care也可为名词，译为“关心、照顾、忧虑”。【常见搭配】 care for .喜欢、关心或照顾Care about .关心、挂念Take care of.照顾Eg: She cares for her plants like theyre her children.她像照顾孩子一样照顾她的植物。We should care about the environment.我们应该关心环境。Can you take care of my cat while Im away? 我离开的时候你能照顾一下我的猫吗？【派生词】 careful为形容词，译为“小心的、仔细的、认真的”；care

4、less为形容词，译为“粗心的”【常见搭配】 be careful with .小心.Be careful in doing sth.做某事时要小心Be careful to do sth.小心做某事Eg: Please be careful with your things.请小心保管你的东西。Be careful in crossing the street.过马路时要小心。He is careful to read every sentence.他小心翼翼地读每一个句子。She is so careless that she didnt pass the exam.她如此粗心以至于没有通

5、过考试。3.Better understand what makes a friendly community.更好地理解是什么造就了一个友好的社区。【用法讲解】 friendly为形容词，译为“友好的”。Eg: They are friendly.他们很友好。【常见搭配】 be friendly to sb.对某人友好Eg: Our English teacher is friendly to us.我们的英语老师对我们很友好。【派生词】 friend为名词，译为“朋友”。Eg: She is my best friend.她是我最好的朋友。4.Write the correct job a

6、nd work place under each person with the words in the box.用方框中的单词在每个人下面写下正确的工作和工作场所。【用法讲解】 job为可数名词，其复数形式为jobs.【常见搭配】 get/ find a job 找到工作Leave/ quit ones job 辞去工作Be out of job 失业Eg: Hes trying to get a job in a bank.他正设法在银行找一个工作。He left his job yesterday.他昨天辞职了。The number of people out of job is in

7、creasing.失业的人数在逐渐增加。【易混辨析】 job与work区别work多指体力劳动也可指脑力劳动，通常都以挣钱为目的，有时也指机器干的工作。job多用于口语，侧重指受雇佣的、以谋生目的的工作。Eg: He got some work to do.他有一些工作要做。Hes trying to get a job.他正在找工作。5.What about you? 你呢？【用法讲解】 What about .常用来表示询问或征求意见，其同义词组为“How about.”；其后常常接名词、代词或动名词。Eg: What about Lily?丽丽呢？What about going swi

8、mming this Sunday? 这周末去游泳怎么样？6.I also like my neighbourhood.我也喜欢我的社区。【用法讲解】 Too, as well, also与either区别：Too “也”常位于肯定句句尾，前面有逗号。As well “也”常位于肯定句句尾，无逗号。Also “也”位于句中，be动词、助动词、情态动词后Either “也”位于否定句句尾。Eg: She is a student, too.= She is a student as well.= She is also a student.她也是一名学生。She isnt a student,

9、either.她也不是一名学生。7.Theyre always ready to help others.他们乐于助人。【用法讲解】 ready为形容词，译为“准备好的、乐意的”；Eg: The food is ready.食物准备好了。【常见搭配】 be ready to do sth.乐于做某事Get/be ready for sth.为某事做准备Ready money 现钱Eg: Mike is ready to help others.马克乐于助人。The children are ready for bed.孩子们已经准备好上床睡觉了。He has plenty of ready m

10、oney.他有足够的现钱。8.What are your neighbours like? 你们的社区什么样？【用法讲解】句式“What + be动词 + sth./sb.like?”译为“某物/人是什么样的？”，该句式在询问某人时常常是询问人的性格、品质等。注意：此句中的like为介词，译为“像”Eg: - Whats your room like? 你的学校是什么样的？- Its small and nice.它小且漂亮。- Whats your sister like? 你姐姐怎么样？- She is very friendly.她很友好。【知识拓展】在询问“某人外貌”时，常用“What

11、 do/does + sb.+ look like?”的结构询问。Eg: - What does your sister look like? 你姐姐长什么样？- She has big eyes.她长着大眼睛。9.Theyre kind and helpful.他们很善良且乐于助人。【用法讲解】 helpful为形容词，译为“有帮助的”。Eg: She is always helpful when I have a question.当我有问题时，她总是很乐意帮助。【派生词】 helpless为形容词，译为“无助的”；help为动词或名词，译为“帮助”。【常见搭配】 help sb.(to)

12、 do sth.= help sb.with sth.帮助某人做某事with the help of.在.的帮助下Help oneself (to sth.) 随便吃点.Eg: Please help me (to) learn English.= Please help me with my English.请帮我学英语。I improve my English with the help of my English teacher.在我英语老师的帮助下提高了我的There is plenty of food in the kitchen, so please, help yourselve

13、s to more.厨房里有很多食物，请随便吃点。10.Some of them are volunteers.他们中有一些是志愿者。【用法讲解】 some of .译为“.中的一些”，表示不确定的量，of后可接可数名词复数，不可数名词或代词宾格。Eg: Some of my classmates are from England.我的一些同学来自英国。11.They help us with all kinds of problems.他们帮我们解决各种各样的问题。【用法讲解】problem为可数名词，译为“问题、难题”；problem也可作形容词，译为“难应付的、有问题”。Eg: This

14、 is a mathematical problem.这是一个数学问题。This is a problem child.这是一个问题儿童。【常见搭配】have problems with sth.在某方面有问题Solve a problem 解决问题No problem 没问题Its not my problem.那不关我的事Eg: He can solve the problem.他能解决这个问题。I have problems with my memory.我记忆方面有问题。Its not my problem.You should handle it yourself.这不关我的事。你应

15、该自己处理。【易混辨析】 problem和question区别Problem指客观存在的、难以解决或涉及到实际的复杂情景，需要深入思考的问题，与solve连用；question侧重由于对某事疑惑不解而提出的问题，通常是为了获取信息或寻求答案，与answer连用。Eg: Aging of population is a serious problem.人口老龄化是一个严重的问题。Do you have any other questions? 你还有什么其它问题吗？12.There is something wrong with my laptop.我们的台式电脑出了些问题。【用法讲解】 句式“

16、There is something wrong with.”译为“.出现了问题”；其同义句为“Sth.is/ are not working well”、“sth.doesnt/ dont work.”、“sth.is/are broken.”。Eg: There is something wrong with my bike.= My bike isnt working well.= My bike doesnt work.= My bike is broken.我的自行车出了些问题。13.Im going to ask to a computer engineer to check it

17、.我打算邀请一位电脑工程师检查一下。【用法讲解】 ask为动词，译为“询问、请求”。【常见搭配】 ask a question 问问题Ask about sth.询问某事Ask (sb.) for sth.请求某事Ask (sb.) (not) to do sth.要求（某人）（不）做某事Ask if/ whether 从句 询问某事是否.Eg: She asked a question during the meeting.会议期间她问了一个问题。He asked about your trip to Japan.他询问去日本旅游的事。You can ask me for help if y

18、ou have any problems.如果你有任何问题可以向我寻求帮助。They asked me to help with the project.他们要求我帮忙这个项目。She asked if I was coming to the party.她问是否我会来派对。14.Do the old people get any help as well?老人也能得到一些帮助吗？【用法讲解】 the old people译为“老人”，相当于the old。Eg: The old people feel the cold more than the young.老年人比年轻人怕冷。【知识拓展】

19、 “the + 形容词”表示“某一类人”；作主语时表示“一类人”时，谓语动词用复数形式；表示“某个人”时，谓语动词用单数。Eg: The old are often forgetful.老年人常常容易忘事。The rich are not always happy.富人并不总是幸福的。15.The volunteers often visit the old people and do some shopping for them.志愿者经常参观老人且为他们购物。【用法讲解】 “do + some/ the + 动词ing”结构常用来泛指做某类事情，其中“动词ing”作do的宾语具有名词性质，

20、在否定句或疑问句中不能将some换位any。Eg: Do some shopping = go shopping 去购物Do some washing 洗衣服Do some cleaning 打扫16.Youre lucky to live in such a nice neighbourhood.你很幸运能住在这样好的社区。【用法讲解】 lucky为形容词，译为“幸运的”。Eg: He is a lucky man.他是个幸运的人。【常见搭配】 lucky money 压岁钱Lucky dog 幸运儿Be lucky to do sth.很幸运做某事Eg: Children often ge

21、t lucky money on Spring Festival.孩子们经常在春节收到压岁钱。Hes lucky dog to have such a great job.他有这么好的工作，真是个幸运儿。Im lucky to have such a supportive family.我很幸运有一个支持我的家庭。【派生词】 luck为名词，译为“运气”；Luckily为副词，译为“幸运地”；unlucky为形容词，译为“不幸的”；unluckily为副词，译为“不幸地”。Eg: Good luck to you.祝你好运。Luckily, the doctor was able to sav

22、e the patients life.幸运地是，医生能挽救病人的生命。17.Simon wants to ask someone to fix his bicycle this weekend.这周末西蒙想请人修理他的自行车。【用法讲解】 fix为动词，译为“修理、校正、安排”。Eg: I need to fix the broken window.我需要修理这个坏窗户。The support beam was fixed in place.支撑梁固定到位。We need to fix the date for the meeting.我们需要安排会议时间。【常见搭配】 fix sth.to

23、 sth.将某物固定在另一物上Fix sth.up整理、修理Eg: Please fix a shelf to the wall.请把架子固定在墙上。Ill fix up the room before the guests arrive.我们将在客人到达之前整理好房间。【易混辨析】 repair、mend和fix区别：repair 指结构复杂，损坏严重的物体mend 指修补衣服、鞋等小用具等fix用于需要重新“调”物体的结构，把松散的部件固定结实Eg: Love the Chinese nation, repair the Great Wall.爱我中华，修我长城。Could you men

24、d my bike for me? 你能帮我修一下自行车吗？The car wont start - can you fix it? 这辆车发动不起来了-你能修理以下吗？18.One of the volunteers is a computer engineer.其中一名自愿者是电脑工程师。【用法讲解】 “one of ”译为“其中之一”，作主语时谓语动词常用常用单数形式。Eg: One of my friends is a doctor.我的一个朋友是医生。【常见搭配】 one of + 复数名词 .中的一个One of + the + 最高级 + 名词复数 最.之一Eg: Ben is

25、one of the top students.本是最优秀的学生之一。China is one of the largest countries in the world.中国是世界最大的国家之一。B部分1.We need you! 我们需要你！【用法讲解】 Need为动词，译为“需要”；Need还可作情态动词，译为“需要”；无人称和数的变化，后面接动词原形。【常见搭配】 need to do sth.“需要做某事（主动）”Need doing sth.“需要做某事（被动）”Eg: She need finish her homework in two hours.(need为情态动词) 她需

26、要两个小时内完成作业。She needs to finish her homework in two hours.(need为实义动词) 她需要两小时内完成作业。The tree needs watering.这颗树需要浇水。2.Do you have any free time? 你有空闲时间吗？【用法讲解】 free可为形容词，译为“免费的、自由的、空闲的”。Eg: The concert is free for students.这场音乐会对学生免费。I want to live a free life.我想过一种自由的生活。He has free time on weekends.他周

27、末有空。【常见搭配】 for free 免费Be free from .免除/摆脱某种状态Have free time to do sth.有空闲时间做某事Eg: I got this ticket for free from somebody who didnt want it.我这张票没花钱，是别人不要的。The city is free from thieves.这个城市没有盗贼。I have free time to clean the room.我有空闲时间打扫房间。3.There are many ways to help! 有许多方法去帮忙。【用法讲解】 way为可数名词，译为“

28、道路、方法”，其复数形式为ways。【常见搭配】 the way to do sth.做某事的方法The way to 地点去.的路Ask for the way to .问去.的路 on ones way to 在某人去的路上In the way 挡路By the way 顺便说一下注意： 如果表示地点的词是副词home, there, here等，省略介词toEg: the way to Beijing 去北京的路The way to learn English 学英语的方法Its a clever way to make the passage more interesting.使文章更

29、有趣是一个聪明的方法。In a way, he is right.在某种程度上，他是对的。By the way, do you know where Mary lives? 顺便问一下，你知道玛丽住在哪里吗？I saw an accident on my way to school.我在去学校的路上看到一场交通事故。4.Join us and we can plan these activities together.加入我们，我们可以一起计划这些活动。【用法讲解】 plan为动词或名词，译为“计划”。【常见搭配】 make a plan 制定计划Plan to do sth.计划做某事Eg:

30、 You should make a plan before you go there.在你去那之前应该制定一个计划。They plan to have a holiday in Beijing.他们计划在北京度假。【易混辨析】 join in、join和take part in区别Join in通常指参加某种活动，尤其是与其他人一起参加；join通常指加入某个组织、团队或某个党派；Take part in通常指参加某一活动并在活动中发挥一定的作用。Eg: Can I join in the game? 我可以参加这个游戏吗？She joined the Army in 2000.她2000年

31、参军。All the students took an active part in the thorough cleaning.所有的学生都积极参加了大扫除。5.Please email us to be a part of our team.请给我们发邮件成为我们团队中的一员。【用法讲解】 Email为动词，译为“给.发电子邮件”；Email也可为名词，译为“电子邮件”。Eg: Please email me the document.请把文件用电子邮件发给我。I received an email from my friend yesterday.我昨天收到了我朋友的一封电子邮件。【常见

32、搭配】 email sb.at 电子邮箱 发邮箱.给我Eg: You can email me at mynewaddress .请发邮件mynewaddress 给我。6.Read the conversation below and pay attention to the use of will.读下面对话注意will的使用。【常见搭配】 pay attention to doing sth.注意做某事Eg: We must pay attention to listening to the teacher in class.上课时我们必须认真听老师讲课。7.Will you work

33、if it rains? 如果下雨你会工作吗？【用法讲解】 if为连词，译为“如果”，常常用来引导条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，即主句为将来时，从句为一般现在时。Eg: If it rains tomorrow, I will stay at home.如果明天下雨，我就呆在家里。if也可以译为“是否”，用来引导宾语从句，时态随实际情况而定。Eg: I dont know if it will rain tomorrow.我不知道明天是否下雨。8.Im not sure.我不确定。【用法讲解】 Sure 可为副词，译为“当然；一定；的确”；sure也可为形容词，译为“一定的；确信的；有把

34、握的”。【常见搭配】 Be sure + that从句 = be sure to do sth.“确信.”Be sure about sth.“对某事确信”Eg: Im sure that I will pass the exam.= Im sure to pass the exam.我确信通过考试。9.Are you going to take anything else? 你打算带些其它的东西吗？【用法详解】else可为形容词或副词，译为“其它的、其他的”；在句中可修饰疑问代词或不定代词，此时需位于疑问代词或不定代词之后。Eg: Who else can you see? 你还能看见别的人

35、吗？Is there anything else in your bag? 你的包里还有别的东西吗？【易混辨析】 other与else区别else可为形容词或副词，在句中可修饰疑问代词或不定代词，此时需位于疑问代词或不定代词之后。Other可为形容词，用于修饰名词或代词，位于所修饰词之前。Eg: Nobody else in my school comes from America.我们学校没有其他人来自美国。Do you have any other questions? 你还有别的问题吗？10.On the afternoon of 5 March在三月五日下午【易混辨析】 in、on与a

36、t接时间时区别in后接某段时间或早午晚；On后接具体的某一天或某天的早午晚；at后接具体的时间点或时刻。Eg: in 2000 在2000年In March 在三月份In summer 在夏天In the morning 在早上On May 1st在五月一日On Monday 在周一On the morning of the 5th 在5号早上At six oclock 在六点11.They will make you feel better.他们将让你感觉更好。【用法讲解】 make在为动词，译为“使成为”，也可译为“制作”【用法讲解】 make a cake 做蛋糕Make sb./sth

37、 + 形容词 使某人/某事处于某种状态Make sb.do sth.使某人某事Eg: The story makes me happy.这个故事让我快乐。The boss makes them work all the time.这个老板让他们一直工作。12.Are you worrying about how to design your home? 你担心怎么设计你的家？【用法讲解】 worry为动词，译为“担忧，发愁”；worry也可作名词，译为“忧虑、担心的事”。Eg: He has a lot of worries at the moment.他目前有许多烦恼。【常见搭配】 worr

38、y about .= be worried about .担忧.Eg: She worried about her health.= She is worried about her health.她担忧她的健康。【知识拓展】 “疑问词 + 动词不定式”结构用来询问某件事的具体细节。Eg: First, you need to know how to do the mixing.首先，你需要知道如何混合材料。Can you tell me where to go?你能告诉我去哪吗？13.All our group members know a lot about styles and colo

39、urs.我们所有团队成员都非常了解风格和颜色。【用法讲解】 group为可数名词，译为“团队、人群、组织”，其复数形式为groups。Eg: Our group meets on Friday mornings.我们的组员每周五上午碰面。【常见搭配】 in groups 成群地A group of .一组/群.Eg: Students stood around in groups waiting for their results.学生们成群地站在周围等待成绩。A group of swans floated by.一群天鹅缓缓游过。14.I hope you like my idea.我希望

40、你喜欢我的注意。【用法详解】 hope为动词，译为“希望”。【常见搭配】 hope to do sth.= hope + that 从句Hope for sth.希望.注意：hope没有hope sb.to do sth.结构Eg: I hope to visit Paris.= I hope that I can visit Paris.我希望参观巴黎。After these dry days, everyone hopes for rain.干燥的天气之后，人人都希望下雨【易混辨析】 wish与hope区别Wish 常指难以实现的“希望”后面即可加to do也可加 sb.to do sth

41、.Hope 常指容易实现的“希望”后面只能接to doEg: I hope to visit Beijing next month.“我希望下周参观北京。”My mum wishes me to finish my homework in an hour.“我妈妈 希望我一小时后完成作业。”Its her wish that you may come at once.她要你马上来。15.They are often called “Chinatown”.它们经常被叫作“唐人街”。【用法详解】 Call在此处为动词，译为“给.打电话”，“称呼、召集、喊叫、称呼”等意；Eg: I will cal

42、l you tomorrow.明天我会给你打电话。She called her dog Max.她把她的狗命名为Max。The teacher called the students to class.老师召集学生去上课。She called to me for help.她向我呼救。His friends call him Bob.他的朋友都叫他鲍勃。Call也可为名词，译为“电话通话”。Eg: I will give you a call later.我会稍后给你打电话。常见搭配：call for help大声呼救Call for 呼吁、要求、呼叫Give sb.a call 给某人打电话

43、Call on sb.号召/拜访某人Call in 顺便拜访Call out 大声说Be called 被叫做Eg: She called to me for help.她向我呼救。The teacher called on us to help the old.老师号召我们帮助老人。Will you call in at the supermarket for some eggs? 你顺便去超市买些鸡蛋好吗？The teacher called out the childrens names.老师大声点名。The panda is called Huahua.这个熊猫叫花花。16.Choos

44、e one and share it with your classmates.选择一个和你的同学分享它。【用法讲解】 choose为动词，译为“选择”；其名词形式为choice，译为“选择”。【常见搭配】 make a choice 做选择Choose to do sth.选择做某事Choose sb.to do sth.选择某人做某事Eg: We each had to make a choice.我们每个人都要做出选择。We chose to go hiking instead of staying at home.我选择去远足而不是呆在家里。Id like to choose Jim to go there with me.我选择吉姆和我一起去。8