普通高中教科书 英语 必修 第二册 河北教育出版社（冀教版2019）.pdf

1、普通高中教科书英 语普通高中教科书必修第二册英语必修第二册定价：9.95 元普通高中教科书英 语必修第二册中 国 河 北 教 育 出 版 社加拿大 DC加拿大国际交流中心 合作编写出版者的话亲爱的同学们：欢迎使用冀教版高中英语教科书。这套教材由国内外富有英语教育经验的学者、科研人员及一线教师根据 2017 版普通高中英语课程标准编写。本套教材必修阶段共 3 册，满足高中毕业基本要求；选择性必修阶段有 4 册，满足高考升学要求；提高类阶段有 3 册，满足有意继续提高英语能力的发展需求。让我们了解一下教材的结构。每册教材有 5 个单元，每个单元包括 4 个板块。第 1 板块（Reading for

2、 Meaning）为同学们提供了地道、优美的语篇，文章体裁丰富多样、内容有趣且富有时代特色；第 2 板块（Learning through Practice）提供了有意义的语言探究和语言实践活动，同学们通过完成任务可以体验语言并归纳知识，提高语言运用能力；第 3 板块（Using English in Context）设计有专题调查、访问纪实、讨论汇总、活动设计等多种形式的项目活动，帮助同学们发展听、说、读、看、写等语言技能，为真实语言交际打下基础。第 4 板块（Expanding Our Horizons）为同学们提供了更多与单元主题相关的经典、有趣的文章。另外，教材中的评价部分（Evalu

3、ate yourself）可以帮助同学们积极反思学习过程，及时调整学习策略，提高学习效率；单元反思（Unit Reflection）帮助同学们对整个单元进行回顾；链接部分（More Connection）便于同学们拓展相关主题知识。本套教材内容涉及人文、社会、自然、科学等多个领域，注重中外文化的介绍与比较。通过学习本套教材，同学们会在提高语言能力的同时，增强对中华优秀传统文化和社会主义先进文化的认识，成长为新时代有文明素养和社会责任感的人。同学们，中学时代是人生美好的一段时光，相信在使用这套教材的过程中，你们通过自己不懈的努力和老师的正确引导，能够顺利完成教科书中的学习任务，为终身学习打下良好

4、基础。愿同学们在英语学海中徜徉，感受英语学习带给你们的新奇、充实与快乐。Contents1UNIT2UNITFAMILYSCHOOL LIFESECTION 1 READING FOR MEANING Helen and Her Father2SECTION 2 LEARNING THROUGH PRACTICETask One Sharing Your Story of Family Gathering6Task Two Describing the Person in Your Family You Admire Most7 (Grammar:attributive clauses wit

5、h“who”,“whom”and“whose”)SECTION 3 USING ENGLISH IN CONTEXTProject Making Your Family Values Poster10SECTION 4 EXPANDING OUR HORIZONSFamily Names14Reading for Love:Family15Family The Beating Heart of Chunyun17SECTION 1 READING FOR MEANING Bob Smith,a National Teacher Award Winner20SECTION 2 LEARNING

6、THROUGH PRACTICETask One Describing a Teacher You Will Never Forget24Task Two Talking about Things You Like about School25 (Grammar:attributive clauses with“where”,“why”and“when”)SECTION 3 USING ENGLISH IN CONTEXTProject Proposing a New School Club28SECTION 4 EXPANDING OUR HORIZONSProfessor Zhangs L

7、ecture:Being a Student32“Less Is More”in Finlands Education333UNIT4UNITBE ACTIVE AND HEALTHY!WAVES OF TECHNOLOGYSECTION 1 READING FOR MEANING Physical Inactivity:A Global Public-health Problem 38SECTION 2 LEARNING THROUGH PRACTICETask One Focusing on Benefits of Physical Activity42Task Two Inspiring

8、 a Classmate to Get Active44 (Grammar:the infinitive)SECTION 3 USING ENGLISH IN CONTEXTProject Surveying Physical Activities in Your Class46SECTION 4 EXPANDING OUR HORIZONSAn Ancient Game Is Alive and Well in Beijings Hutong50Running51Different Countries,Similar Practices53SECTION 1 READING FOR MEAN

9、ING Technologies in Everyday Life56SECTION 2 LEARNING THROUGH PRACTICETask One Writing an Email about a Social Media Platform in China60Task Two Describing Your Favourite Technological Device62 (Grammar:the v-ing form as attributive)SECTION 3 USING ENGLISH IN CONTEXTProject Reporting Influences of T

10、echnology on Our Daily Life64SECTION 4 EXPANDING OUR HORIZONSTeens Are Addicted to Cell Phones68How Does Technology Affect Society?705UNITSAVE THE PLANETSECTION 1 READING FOR MEANING We Have Only One Planet74SECTION 2 LEARNING THROUGH PRACTICETask One Making a“Green-home Card”78Task Two Writing a Su

11、ggestion Letter about Clean Energy79 (Grammar:the v-ing form as adverbial)SECTION 3 USING ENGLISH IN CONTEXTProject Making a Design of Earth Day Activities82SECTION 4 EXPANDING OUR HORIZONSTop 6 Things You Can Do to Help86Talking about Recycling87The Unity of Man and Nature89APPENDICESWRAP IT UP!93P

12、RONUNCIATION103VOCABULARY(I)105VOCABULARY(II)110LIST OF PROPER NAMES116GRAMMAR118IRREGULAR VERBS123If the family lives in harmony,all affairs will prosper.Chinese proverbIn time of test,home is best.Burmese proverbOne father is more than a hundred schoolmasters.George Herbert,English poet1UNITFAMILY

13、1READING FOR MEANING1BEFORE YOU READ1 Have you read about Helen Keller before?What do you know about her?2 Have you had an experience of communicating with blind or deaf people?What was it like?3 Based on the title,what would you expect to read about in this text?Helen and Her FatherI was born on Ju

14、ne 27,1880,in a little town of northern Alabama.My father,Arthur H.Keller,was an officer in the army.The family consisted of my father and mother,two elder half-brothers,and,afterward,a little sister,Mildred.In February of 1882,came the illness which closed my eyes and ears and threw me into the unc

15、onsciousness of a new-born baby.The doctor thought I could not live.Early one morning,however,the fever left me as suddenly and mysteriously as it had come.There was a great joy in the family that morning,but no one,not even the doctor,knew that I should never see or hear again.Gradually I got used

16、to the silence and darkness that surrounded me and forgot that it had ever been different.Meanwhile the desire to express myself grew.The few signs I used became less and less useful,and my failures to make myself understood were followed by outbursts of passion.I felt as if invisible hands were hol

17、ding me,and I made great efforts to free myself.I struggled not that struggling helped matters,but the spirit of resistance was strong within me;I generally broke down in tears and physical tiredness.If my mother happened to be near,I crept into her arms,too painful even to remember the cause of the

18、 anger.After a while,the need of some means of communication became Helen Adams Keller(June 27,1880 June 1,1968)was an American author,political activist,and lecturer.She was the first deaf-blind person to earn a bachelor of arts degree.The story is adapted from her book The Story of My Life.DO YOU

19、KNOW?2 UNIT 1 FAMILYso strong that these outbursts occurred daily,sometimes hourly.My parents were deeply sad and puzzled.We lived a long way from any school for the blind or the deaf,and it seemed unlikely that any one would come to teach a child who was both deaf and blind.Indeed,my friends and re

20、latives sometimes doubted whether I could be taught.My father was most loving to his home.His special pride was the big garden where,it was said,he raised the finest watermelons and strawberries in the county;and to me he brought the first ripe grapes and the best berries.I remember his gentle touch

21、 as he led me from tree to tree,and his eager joy in whatever pleased me.He was a famous story-teller;after I had acquired language,he used to spell his cleverest stories in a very awkward way into my hand,and nothing pleased him more than to have me repeat them at a right moment.When I was about si

22、x years old,my father heard of a doctor in Baltimore,who had been successful in many cases that had seemed hopeless.My parents at once determined to take me to Baltimore to see if anything could be done for my eyes.The journey,which I remember well,was very pleasant.I made friends with many people o

23、n the train.One lady gave me a box of shells.My father made holes in these so that I could string them,and for a long time they kept me happy.The conductor,too,was kind.Often when he went his rounds,I held his coat tails while he collected and checked the tickets.His tool,with which he let me play,w

24、as an interesting toy.Curled up in a corner of the seat,I enjoyed myself for hours making funny little holes in bits of cardboard.During the whole trip I did not have one fit If you move in a very awkward way,you are not moving in an easy way.It is not comfortable.QUICK CHECK!3of temper.There were s

25、o many things to keep my mind and fingers busy.When we arrived in Baltimore,Dr.Chisholm received us kindly,but he could do nothing.He said,however,that I could be educated,and advised my father to consult Dr.Bell of Washington,who would be able to give him information about schools and teachers of d

26、eaf or blind children.Acting on the doctors advice,we went immediately to Washington to see Dr.Bell,my father with a sad heart,I wholly unconscious of his worry,finding pleasure in the excitement of moving from place to place.Child as I was,I at once felt the kindness which endeared Dr.Bell to so ma

27、ny hearts,as his wonderful achievements enlisted their admiration.He held me on his knee while I examined his watch,and he made it strike for me.He understood my signs,and I knew it and loved him at once.But I did not dream that that interview would be the door through which I should pass from darkn

28、ess into light,from loneliness to friendship,knowledge,and love.Dr.Bell advised my father to write to Mr.Anagnos,and ask him if he had a teacher able to begin my education.This my father did at once,and in a few weeks there came a kind letter from Mr.Anagnos telling that a teacher had been found.Thi

29、s was in the summer of 1886.But Miss Sullivan did not arrive until the following March.The most important day I remember in all my life is the one on which my teacher,Anne Mansfield Sullivan,came to me.I am filled with wonder when I consider the immeasurable contrast between the two lives which it c

30、onnects.It was the third of March,1887,three months before I was seven years old.UNIT 1 FAMILYIf something endears you to someone or if you endear yourself to them,you become popular with them and well liked by them.QUICK CHECK!4AFTER YOU READ UNIT 1 FAMILYReading Comprehension1 How old was Helen wh

31、en she became blind and deaf?What caused the loss of her sight and hearing?2 What was the main cause of Helens frustration?Why did Helens outbursts keep on increasing?3 Who were the members of Helens immediate family?Can you list the qualities of Helens father?4 Helen writes:“During the whole trip I

32、 did not have one fit of temper”Explain the reason.5 How was Helens excitement at travelling on their way to Washington in sharp contrast to her fathers distress?6 What was Helens reaction to Dr.Bell?How did Helens father manage to find a teacher for her?Post-reading Activities1 Helen said that she

33、has two elder half-brothers.Half-brother is a kinship term.Please compare and contrast similarities and differences of kinship systems in Chinese and English with examples.2 In the text,Helen described a family trip that she would never forget.Have you ever gone on a memorable family trip?Share a fa

34、mily trip with a partner.Include where you went on your trip and what things you enjoyed most during the trip.3 Helens father managed to find a teacher,Miss Anne Mansfield Sullivan.Helen and her teacher found a learning style that worked for her.Her success has served to inspire thousands of people

35、around the world.When you look back at your own schooling or education in general,is there one person,teacher,relative or friend who has helped to inspire you and develop your learning?Share your experiences with your group members.4 There are two sayings in English,“Blood is thicker than water”and“

36、You can choose your friends,but you cant choose your family”.Discuss the subject of family relations as it applies to you and your family in groups.5LEARNING THROUGH PRACTICE2Task One Sharing Your Story of Family Gathering A family gathering is an event where family members get together.Read about P

37、ats happy family gathering and share your familys story in your group.Step 1 Pre-task ResourcesRead the passage and learn about Pats family gathering.I love long weekends because they are usually a time when my family gets together.I get the chance to see not only my immediate family,but also my aun

38、ts,uncles,cousins and grandparents.I always feel happy when Im surrounded by family.Dad and I were busy all week getting ready for the weekend,because Mom was busy at work.We had to make up the spare beds and pull out the sleeping bags for all the young cousins who always sleep on the floor in the f

39、amily room downstairs.After we completed the sleeping arrangements,Dad and I went shopping for groceries.It sounds like a lot of work,but with my dad,everything is fun.Everyone arrived on Saturday morning.My aunt Donna made her famous treat cookies with honey and spring rolls.They were so delicious!

40、My other aunts brought food as well.I helped Mom organize all the food and prepare the vegetables and snacks.My cousin Michael is 16 years old and a very good musician.He brought his guitar this time.We sat around singing with him for several hours.He played some current hits and many old songs.I am

41、 very lucky to have such a wonderful family.We all had a good time on the weekend and now its time to get back to our regular routines.6Step 2 Exploring the LanguageRead the following sentences and pay attention to how the qualifiers in red modify the nouns.I am very lucky to have such a wonderful f

42、amily.Its time to get back to our regular routines.Now read the same sentences with the qualifiers removed.What do you notice about the meaning of the sentence?How does it change?I am very lucky to have such a family.Its time to get back to our routines.As we can see through comparison,qualifiers ca

43、n limit or enhance another words meaning.They add more specific information and vividness to a sentence.Here are some of the major types of qualifiers:Quality:big,great,really,regularQuantity:all,few,most,noneTime:often,occasionallyCertainty:completely,particularlyStep 3 Task Cycle1Read Pats story i

44、n Step 1 again.Make sure you understand every word.2Recall a happy family gathering experience and focus on the following questions:How often do you have a family gathering?Who usually organizes the family gathering?What activities do you usually do in a family gathering?Did you enjoy your recent fa

45、mily gathering?What made you feel that way?3Report your experience to your group.Share your story and hear others stories.Remember to properly use qualifiers to describe your thoughts.Task Two Describing the Person in Your Family You Admire MostIn a family,each member can be different from the other

46、s in many ways.But in almost every family,there is a KEY person who plays the important role of managing the family.Read the passage,and write your own to describe the person in your family you admire most.UNIT 1 FAMILY7Step 1 Pre-task ResourcesRead the passage below and pay attention to the words a

47、nd sentence structures that the author uses to describe his father.My Father,the Person in My Family Whom I Admire MostA family is made up of people who will do anything for you without expecting something in return.To me,a family refers to the people who are always with me and give me a sense of be

48、longing.In my family,my father is the person whom I admire most.He is the key person in my family who always keeps us close.He is my hero.My family has four members:my parents,my sister,and me.My father is about 50 years old.He graduated from college at a time when getting a formal education was not

49、 peoples first choice in my hometown.At that time,most people would rather start working to earn money than go to school.However,my father always believed that getting an education was the most important part of a persons life.Now that were older,both my sister and I have learned to appreciate and s

50、ee all the things my father has done to ensure we get a good education.My father always thinks of us before he thinks of himself.He knows how to make us feel better and guide us in the right direction.He teaches us how to be better people and better citizens.He teaches us right from wrong.He also te

51、aches us that sacrifice and hard work are things that must be done for those you love.He is truly an admirable person whose advice is always worth following.I benefit a lot from my father he is the KEY person in my family.Step 2 Task Cycle1What is the authors father like?Review the passage above and

52、 write down relevant sentences.UNIT 1 FAMILY He is the key person in my family who always keeps us close._ _ _8 UNIT 1 FAMILY2Write your own passage about a person in your family that you admire.Try to include the following items in your passage.Step 3 Language FocusAttributive clauses are often use

53、d to describe someone,something,some time or some place.An attributive clause often seems like a sentence that can stand alone,but it is part of the main clause.He is the key person in my family who always keeps us close.The red part of the sentence is an attributive clause.It is part of the main cl

54、ause“He is the key person in my family.”and describes“which person it is or what the person is like”.The whole sentence can be considered a combination of two separate sentences.Sentence 1:He is the key person in my family.Sentence 2:He always keeps us close.Both sentences have the same subject“he”,

55、referring to the same person.Sentence 2 adds more information about“the person”in Sentence 1.To me,a family refers to the people who are always with me and give me a sense of belonging.In my family,my father is the person whom I admire most.He is truly an admirable person whose advice is always wort

56、h following.In these sentences,the attributive clauses are introduced by relative pronouns like“who”,“whom”or“whose”.You can change a sentence with an attributive clause into two separate sentences and then put them together to see how the two clauses are combined.What is your relation to this perso

57、n(your father,mother,aunt,uncle,etc.)?How has he(she)helped you?What is your relationship like now(Are you close)?How often do you see each other?Why do you think of him(her)as an important person or someone you admire?Introducing a person He/She is.years old.He/She always.He/She is the person who.9

58、3USING ENGLISH IN CONTEXTProject Making Your Family Values Poster Families keep going mainly by passing down their own traditional values.Different families may have different values.Ask your parents about your family values and make a poster.Then compare your poster with those of your classmates.St

59、ep 1 Read and DiscoverRead the following passage and discover the authors ideas on defining ones family values.Defining Your Family ValuesA family is defined as a social unit consisting of parents and the children they raise.Value is defined as the quality or worth of a thing.To combine the words to

60、gether yields a definition of a traditional set of social standards defined by the family and a history of customs that provide the emotional and physical basis for raising a family.Do you have traditional family values?How do you determine your family values?Traditional family values usually includ

61、e topics such as marriage,communication,traditions,morals,holidays,interactions with relatives and how time is spent together.The values a family develops prepare children to learn,grow and function in the world.Your family values consist of ideas passed down from generation to generation.They conta

62、in the thought of how you want to live your life.The three 10 UNIT 1 FAMILYStep 2 Listen and MatchFamily values change with time.Listen to Jack,Ketty and Xiaohua talking about family values in todays society.Match the names with their views about family values.Jacks first view is shown as an example

63、.The author thinks family values refer to _.Traditional family values include _.Factors in determining family values _.traditional basic tasks in life are work,play and love.However,we often focus too much on work and other activities and not enough on play and love.Yet,without a balanced life of en

64、joying play and having loving relationships,our lives become stressful and unsatisfying.We need to spend time having family meals,working in the garden,relaxing,and having fun with our family members to better understand our family values.JackKettyXiaohuaThe concept of traditional values is differen

65、t from todays.Family values are what people can depend on.Family values hold the society together.Equality makes a family harmonious.Family values keep us going.Family values are more important than ever before.11Step 3 Read,Discuss and WriteDifferent families have different family values.Read the f

66、ollowing examples and discuss their meanings.UNIT 1 FAMILYValuesFamilyOurRules of the HouseTell the truth Play fair Remember your mannersKeep your promises Do your best Kiss and make upValue each others opinion Share Help each other Pull your weightPractice what you preachShow kindness and respect S

67、tick together Listen before you talkClean up your own mess Have each others back Put family firstFrank Sonnenbergs PosterPoster titleFamily logoSubtitleFamily valuesYour nameMake your poster once,love your family more.What are some of your family values?Make a poster of your family values.If your fa

68、mily doesnt have any in place,know that it is never too late to make a list.Use Frank Sonnenbergs poster to help you get started.Frank Sonnenberg If you dont study the Odes,you wont know how to speak properly!If you dont study the rites,you wont have any basis to stand on.(bu xue shi,wu yi yan;bu xu

69、e li,wu yi li)Confucius Cultivate ones moral character in peace and frugality.(jing yi xiu shen,jian yi yang de)Zhuge Liang Keep your eyes on the stars,and your feet on the ground.Theodore Roosevelt12 UNIT 1 FAMILYStep 4 Compare,Discuss and ReflectIn groups,present your poster.Compare your family va

70、lues with those of your classmates,and find similarities and differences.Use the list below as a starting point for a discussion.Take a moment to reflect on your family values.What do they mean to you?Do you actually live by those values?Responsibility Harmony Variety Communication Support Enthusias

71、m Family unity Fairness NurturingFun Family time Organization Affection EnjoymentProblem solving Patience Education Arts LiteratureFitness Sports IntegrityOther aspects _Evaluate yourself!Can you view and then explain family value posters in English?Can you use the words you have just learned to des

72、cribe your family gathering?How well have you done with the following?Tick the circles that best reflect your performance.Describing our family gathering in English with the help of pictures and gesturesMaking a poster of my family valuesSelecting appropriate language when introducing family members

73、 to othersExcellent Very Good Good Needs Improvement13EXPANDING OUR HORIZONS4Family Names Different cultures have different family names.In many parts of Asia,the family name is written first,followed by the given name.Some people,such as the Burmese,do not use a family name at all.Think of U Thant,

74、the former United Nations leader,who was from Burma.The Chinese people adopt their fathers names as their family names.The name is passed down through the father and son from generation to generation.People who come from North America mostly get their names from their families.Parents often pick a f

75、irst name,such as Peter or Sally.The last name,though,is usually the same name the parents share.It is the family name.Long ago,English-speaking people only had one name.A man could be called simply James.A woman could be Martha.Second names became necessary when too many people had the same first n

76、ame.To solve the problem,a child would take his or her fathers name as a last name or family name.For example,children of John were called Peter Johnson or Mary Johnson.Names such as Wilson(Wills son),Jackson,Anderson and Davidson came into use.“Mac”or“Mc”means“son of”.There are many“Macs”and“Mcs”am

77、ong British people.The name MacGregory,for example,means son of Gregory.MacDonald means son of Donald.Fitzpatrick and Fitzgerald mean son,or child,of Patrick or Gerald.Some people got their names from the places they lived in.A family that lived in a village where plants grew thickly might be called

78、 Green.Learning a language is also learning a culture.By learning about the culture in which a language has grown,we can learn the language better.An important part of any culture is the family name.DO YOU KNOW?14POST-READING QUESTIONS1Where did family names in English-speaking countries come from?2

79、If the family name Long meant a tall person and Baker was someone who baked bread,what do you think the following family names mean?Barber Clay Gates Hill Nightingale3Do Chinese family names have the same origins as English names do?What does your family name mean?Reading for Love:Family UNIT 1 FAMI

80、LYI ran into a stranger as he passed by.“Oh,excuse me please,”was my reply.He said,“Please,excuse me too;I wasnt watching out for you.”We were very polite,this stranger and I.We went our separate ways and said good-bye.But at home a different story is told,How we treat our loved ones,young and old.L

81、ater that day,while I was cooking the evening meal,My son stood beside me very still.When I turned,I nearly knocked him down.“Move out of the way,”I said with a frown.He walked away,his little heart broken.I didnt realize how sharply Id spoken.Sometimes people got their names from the way they looke

82、d.A tall person might be called Long.If people in a family had dark hair,the family was sometimes called the Blacks or the Browns.People also got their names from their work.A person who baked bread was called Baker.A person who had a very good voice was named Singer.These familiar names stayed with

83、 people and became family names that are still used today.15POST-READING QUESTIONS1The last word of the first line“by”,rhymes with that of the second line“reply”.The last word of the third line“too”,rhymes with that of the fourth line“you”.Please explain how the other word pairs rhyme with each othe

84、r.2Retell the story in the poem using your own words.3Are you also polite towards others but sometimes rude to your family members?Why or why not?UNIT 1 FAMILYWhile I lay awake in bed,A voice came to me and said,“While dealing with a stranger,common manners you use,But the children you love,you seem

85、 to abuse.Go and look on the kitchen floor,Youll find some flowers there by the door.Those are the flowers he brought for you.He picked them himself:pink,yellow and blue.He stood very quietly not to spoil the surprise,And you never saw the tears that filled his little eyes.”By this time,I felt very

86、small,And now my tears began to fall.I quietly went and knelt by his bed;“Wake up,little one,wake up,”I said.“Are these the flowers you picked for me?”He smiled,“I foundem,out by the tree.I pickedem because theyre pretty like you.I know youd likeem,especially the blue.”I said,“Son,Im very sorry for

87、the way I acted today;I shouldnt have yelled at you that way.”He said,“Oh,Mom,thats okay.I love you anyway.”I said,“Son,I love you too,And I do like the flowers,especially the blue.”16Family The Beating Heart of ChunyunChunyun refers to the Spring Festival travel season,a period in China with extrem

88、ely heavy traffic around the time of this festival.It is a long-held tradition for Chinese people to reunite with their families.Family members,no matter how far away they are,travel back home for a highly anticipated family reunion on the eve of the Spring Festival.Hanging up red lanterns,enjoying

89、dinner together or taking a family photo becomes the happiest event in the world.To many Chinese,home is more than apartments or houses.Family relation and values are extremely important for them.There are many emotional connections in family gatherings and reunion dinners.Though some old Spring Fes

90、tival traditions have become less popular,such as worshiping the kitchen god and kowtowing to elders,the most important part of the Spring Festival is still and has always been family.Known as the planets extra large human migration,Chunyun lasted for 40 days and saw nearly three billion trips in 20

91、19,which is more than four times of European population.Here is a picture to show Chunyun in 2019.According to this data,the road trips take up a lions share as they total 2.46 billion among the three billion trips.Meanwhile,both the railway trips and air trips have clearly grown since 2018.UNIT 1 F

92、AMILYRoad trips2.46 billiondown 0.8 percentfrom 2018Railway trips413 million up 8.3 percentfrom 2018Air trips73 millionup 12 percentfrom 2018Boat trips43 million flat year-on-year2019 Spring Festival Travel Rush17 UNIT 1 FAMILYPOST-READING QUESTIONS1What is the main purpose of Chunyun?What is the ne

93、w trend?2Why is FAMILY considered“the beating heart of Chunyun”?3Examine the text and explain the changing patterns of trips in 2019 compared with those in 2018.Unit ReflectionReview the whole unit and reflect on what you have learned.1 Family gatherings play an important role in promoting relations

94、hips between family members.What are the major functions or roles of family gatherings?2 Does your family have any family values?What did you learn from family values in this unit?3 What do attributive clauses with“who”,“whom”or“whose”mean?What have you learned about the function and use of these at

95、tributive clauses?In recent years,there has been an increasingly popular phenomenon called“reverse Spring Festival travel rush”young dream-seekers in urban areas invite their parents to travel from their hometowns to the big cities to spend the Spring Festival with them.Zhang Hua,a young IT engineer

96、 from Hunan Province,is now working in Shenzhen.Instead of travelling back to his hometown,he invited his parents to Shenzhen to celebrate the 2019 Spring Festival.To Zhang Hua and many other people,wherever they are,the beating heart of Chunyun is the reunion and emotional connection of FAMILY.More

97、 Connections Do you want to know more about family values?For answers to where they come from,how people establish good values in a family,and how family values help make a family happy and strong,you can surf the Internet to help enrich your understanding.You can also surf with the following key wo

98、rds:family values,family morals,family beliefs,family attitudes,and family ideals.Family Values:The Ethics of Parent-Child Relationships is a popular book written by Harry Brighouse and Adam Swift.It gives an account of why families are valuable,including family liberty and equality.The book also ad

99、dresses parents limited rights in shaping their childrens values and duties towards their childrens upbringing.18Whoever cares to learn will always find a teacher.German proverbWhat is learned in youth is carved in stone.Arabian proverbThe principal goal of education in the schools should be creatin

100、g men and women who are capable of doing new things,not simply repeating what other generations have done.Jean Piaget,Swiss psychologist2UNITSCHOOL LIFE19READING FOR MEANING1BEFORE YOU READ1 What do you think of your high-school life?Which part do you like best?2 Who is your favourite teacher?Why?3

101、What is an ideal school life like in your opinion?Bob Smith,a National Teacher Award WinnerWhat does it take to win the hearts and minds of Grade 10 students?Ask Jenny Fitchette,Grade 10 student at Lester Pearson High,and you will get a warm reply:“To win the hearts and minds of todays students,the

102、number one thing is a good teacher.School is a place where we get knowledge.No matter how fancy the school is,or how many computers there are,without a good,capable teacher,learning is definitely difficult and not at all interesting.”Jenny should know this well.She is at the head of her class a clas

103、s for gifted students and is taking four subjects per semester.Look at her timetable and you will find that she is studying the usual subjects of mathematics,English,biology and art this semester.Its not so much the subjects that keep her coming to school each day,eager and ready to work and to lear

104、n.Its her biology teacher,Mr.Smith,who keeps her coming back.Although the classes are long and the materials difficult,Jenny recently still found time to finish a 1000-word paper in which she nominated her teacher,Mr.Bob Smith,for the Teacher of the Year Award.This In some countries,a school year is

105、 divided into two periods,known as semesters.To nominate someone for something is to formally propose that someone should be chosen for something.DO YOU KNOW?QUICK CHECK!20 UNIT 2 SCHOOL LIFEannual award is given to a teacher who shows excellence in teaching.Only students may nominate someone for th

106、e award.If the nominating essay is good,the committee visits the school and spends a day watching the teacher in action.“I cant really say why Mr.Smith is such a good teacher,”says Jenny,sitting in the bright and open classroom,which she shares with 20 other gifted learners.“I know that the classroo

107、m itself is a nice place to be.We always enjoy the time when Mr.Smith stays with us.I mean,the tropical fish really help us in our biology studies.We can actually watch the fish growing and study them right there in the classroom.Same thing with the small garden we keep in the summer.Its hands-on.Mr

108、.Smith always tells us that we learn best when we get in there and work with things.”Mr.Smith says he was entirely surprised and honoured when he heard that Jenny had nominated him for the award.“Its really the students who should be getting the award,”he says.“Its my job to bring meaningful and int

109、eresting things for them to study,revise,and then to get out of the way,so to speak.Its not I,but the students who are showing excellence.”Hearing the committee announce the award winner“Bob Smith”,the students jump up and clap their hands excitedly.When asked what makes his students love school so

110、much,Mr.Smith pauses and thinks deeply.“I think it comes down to respect.The kids know that I respect them and that I see my job as serving them in a way.I work for them to help them open up their minds and discover things that matter to them.Thats the main reason why they like school.”Jenny says th

111、at you never know what to expect from day to day in her biology class.One day,Mr.Smith might bring If you announce something,you tell people about it publicly or officially.QUICK CHECK!21 UNIT 2 SCHOOL LIFEAFTER YOU READReading Comprehension1 What are the four subjects that Jenny is taking this seme

112、ster?Which is her favourite and why?2 How can a teacher win the“Teacher of the Year Award”?3 How is Mr.Bob Smiths class unique?4 How does Mr.Bob Smith make his students love school so much?5 What does Jenny mean when she says“To win the hearts and minds of todays students,the number one thing is a g

113、ood teacher”?6 What is the most important aspect of your school life?What do you expect from your teachers?Post-reading Activities1 Work in pairs and build a mind map related to the theme“school life”.his electric guitar,and for the entire class,explain and show the effects of music on plant growth.

114、He never allows anyone any time to be lazy.“Its the variety for sure thats part of it,”explains Jenny.“But mostly its because we know that Mr.Smith truly cares about us and about teaching us.You just feel it.He tells us every day that we are the most important aspect of any schools life.”school life

115、 subjectsteachers peer studyrulesactivitiesfriendsexplore22 POEM A High School PoemA high school educationProvides a unique situationIt values much moreThan a students test scoreTo those attending high schoolDo growBe yourselfAnd stand tallThe ultimate testIs to be your BEST!UNIT 2 SCHOOL LIFE2 Thin

116、k,pair up,and share.Think of five dos and five donts in a class and write them down.Make a list of your class rules.3 Work in groups.Discuss what a good lesson is supposed to be like and how it benefits the students.Share your ideas with the class and give reasons.4 There is an old Chinese saying:“T

117、rust your master and follow his way.”How do you interpret this?Nowadays,there are different ways to learn,for instance,going to school or studying online at home.Discuss in groups what way you prefer and explain its advantages and disadvantages.DosDonts23LEARNING THROUGH PRACTICE2Task One Describing

118、 a Teacher You Will Never ForgetA teacher is someone who passes on knowledge and helps develop our skills.Great teachers motivate,inspire and facilitate.In this task,think of a teacher you will never forget and describe how he/she helped shape you and your life.Step 1 Pre-task ResourcesRead the foll

119、owing responses to the question“How has your teacher influenced you?”How Has Your Teacher Influenced You?I have been a high-school photography teacher for 34 years all because of my high-school photography teacher,Mr.H.Warren King.He encouraged me to become a teacher and got me my first teaching job

120、.He taught us to see,not just with our eyes,but with our hearts.Jo Leigh PorterMy favourite teacher was Mr.Liu,my history teacher in high school,because he taught me about the world through current events.He encouraged us to read the newspaper and then to present and discuss the events.He helped us

121、understand how these events tied into history,culture,and government.He taught me not only the dates and places of important events,but also why and how these events shaped the world today.Wang LinKristine Hansen,my writing teacher,did several things to teach me the art of writing.First,she enjoyed

122、my stories even if they were poorly written.Second,her suggestions were aimed at keeping my voice instead of replacing it with hers.Third,I finally learned some basic grammar!Christy Haggard24Step 2 Exploring the LanguageBrainstorm words and expressions you can use to describe an unforgettable teach

123、er.UNIT 2 SCHOOL LIFEhow to solveproblemshow to get onwith othersencouragehow to be confidenthow tostudy how to seethe worldanunforgettableteacherStep 3 Task CycleRecall your own education,thinking of a teacher that made a difference in your life.Write a passage about your unforgettable teacher.1Giv

124、e the passage a proper title.2Reflect on why this teacher was so unforgettable for you in your life.3Be sure to mention which grade and subject you had this teacher for.Task Two Talking about Things You Like about SchoolWe spend a lot of time in school;thus we cannot help liking some of its aspects

125、and disliking others.Sometimes,we have mixed feelings about certain school activities.In this task,you will read an email from a teacher and then talk about things you like about school.Step 1 Pre-task ResourcesThis is an email sent by a teacher to answer his students question.Read and explain what

126、he wants to tell his student.Pay attention to the functions of the words in blue.25 UNIT 2 SCHOOL LIFEA Metaphor about School LifeLets say you go to a gym,a place where you work hard.At the end of the workout,you are sweating and your muscles are aching a lot.If we compare a school to a gym,that swe

127、at is the marks that you received.What is important is not the sweat itself,which is just salt water,but what you did to achieve the sweat.If you are exercising the right way,the sweat indicates that you are developing strength in your body.This strength,which cannot be seen,is what matters most at

128、the gym.It is measured by our sweat.In the same way,it is the knowledge and reasoning skills that you acquire in school that matter most.Unluckily,we dont have an easy way of measuring that.Thats the reason why we use examinations and grades to mark progress.We are slowly developing better means of

129、measuring success both at the gym and at school.Just as you can fake sweat by standing near the heater,spraying water on yourself,or being afraid of something,you can absolutely fake marks without building mental strength.Many people do so.However,sooner or later,they end up in courses and jobs that

130、 they hate.At the time when the gym is cool,you might not sweat at all,but you can still be building strength.Think of the sweat as your marks.They are useless by themselves,but if you are honest with yourself,they indicate that you are developing the knowledge and skills you need to inhabit the wor

131、ld.School should be a place where you explore yourself.You should do both the things that you like and the things that you dislike because they will help you in the future.26gymschool sweatmarksstrength knowledgeskills UNIT 2 SCHOOL LIFEExpressing opinions According to In my opinion It seems to me t

132、hat From my point of view As far as Im concerned Personally,I think What I mean is I hold the view that Im of the opinion thatStep 2 Task Cycle1 View the chart and explain the metaphor from the teachers email in groups.2In groups,pick a school event or activity(e.g.tests and exams,after-school activ

133、ities)and discuss aspects of it that you like.3 Write a short passage and talk about what you like about school.You may use some attributive clauses.Step 3 Language FocusStudy the following sentences and pay attention to the use of“where”,“why”and“when”.School is a place where we get knowledge.Thats

134、 the main reason why they like school.We always enjoy the time when Mr.Smith stays with us.We can see that relative adverbs“where”,“why”and“when”are used in these sentences to introduce attributive clauses indicating places,reasons and time.The relative adverbs“where”,“why”and“when”function as adver

135、bials in the attributive clauses.Try to find another three attributive clauses in the passage in Step 1 and explain the structure.where _ why _ when _273USING ENGLISH IN CONTEXTCategoriesClubsSubject area clubs Shakespeare ClubEach semester,read stories based on different Shakespeare plays,perform o

136、ne of them,and hold a Shakespeare festival.Future Scientists ClubInvite scientists to discuss their research,plan trips to local labs,and discuss the latest scientific research at meetings.Project Proposing a New School ClubA new school year has begun!Many students are looking forward to joining a s

137、chool club,where they can learn more skills outside of the classroom.You may also want to start a school club of your own.In this project,youll first read,listen to,and learn more about school clubs,and then youll write a proposal.Step 1 Read and DiscussRead the passage and discuss with your partner

138、 what school clubs you like.School Clubs in My High SchoolMy name is Lily.I am studying at Woodland High School.I would like to tell you something about after-school clubs at my school.Let me start with my personal experience.At the beginning of Grade 10,when I was still new to my high school,I used

139、 to watch TV or play games on my phone after finishing my homework.My parents encouraged me to join the Blueprint Club when they found out I was interested in it.I quickly began to enjoy the club because I wasnt glued to a screen all afternoon.So far,Ive met plenty of great people,and I get to creat

140、e anything I want.I also get to develop my design and technology skills.Im having so much fun too!I have learned that education does not take place only in the classroom during regular school hours.The home,playground and school library,in general,can all be very important settings for our personal

141、and educational growth.One way to enrich our school experience is through extra activities such as clubs.In my school,there are many different school clubs.You will see them in the following table.28Hobby clubs Chess ClubHost a chess competition between members,invite chess masters to discuss chess

142、strategy,and watch famous chess movies.Adventure ClubPlan weekly or monthly outdoor activities(biking,camping,fishing,etc.),volunteer to plant trees in local parks,and invite a conservationist to discuss his/her job.Charity clubs Childrens Hospital Volunteer ClubHost a book donation drive to collect

143、 books and organize a bake sale to raise money for the Childrens Hospital.Save Endangered Species ClubVisit wildlife rescue centres and plan a spring break trip to see endangered species.CategoriesClubs UNIT 2 SCHOOL LIFEIn my high school,we are all encouraged to join one or two school clubs of our

144、choice.If we dont like any of them,we can propose a new school club of our own interest.Step 2 Listen and Complete StepsListen to the passage about how to start a school club and choose the instructions to complete the steps.Step1Step5Step2Step6Step3Step7Step4Make a decision Plan club activities Fin

145、d a place Advertise your club Get support Write a proposal Make a decision Decide when to meet 29 UNIT 2 SCHOOL LIFEStep 3 Read and LearnThe following sample is a proposal letter proposing a high school chemistry club.Read and pay attention to the structure of the proposal.Dear Mr./Mrs./Dr._,Based o

146、n the interest in science and particularly in chemistry among the students,this letter is a proposal to start a high school chemistry club.The main goal of this club is to provide an opportunity for students to broaden their knowledge of chemistry and to interact with other students who share their

147、interests.As such,the proposed clubs members would like to take part in this club.There are several reasons why the starting of a high school chemistry club is important.A chemistry club can allow students to develop their interest in chemistry in an informal environment,without the pressure of bein

148、g graded.It can also introduce students to the possibility of future studies or employment in chemistry and develop students leadership skills by conducting lab activities,or community events.It is our hope that this proposal will be accepted.Please feel free to contact me with any questions you may

149、 have.Thank you for your consideration.Regards,(name and title)Learning tipsA proposal is a plan that puts forward or suggests an idea for consideration.It is usually written to an official organization or a person to gain support for the suggested plan.It could be a simple letter or a formal docume

150、nt.30Evaluate yourself!UNIT 2 SCHOOL LIFEStep 4 Work Together,Design and Write a ProposalKnowing how to write a proposal is an essential skill in many fields,from school to business management.Your ideas or suggestions are more likely to be accepted if you can communicate them in a clear and engagin

151、g manner.Work in groups and discuss the following questions.Then write your own proposal for a new school club of your interest.What is the name of your club and what is it about?What are the major benefits of the club?What are the main activities of the club?Where will the club meet?How often will

152、this club meet and how long will each meeting last?Who can be invited as an advisor of the club?Can you get the key information while listening to an introduction about starting a school club?Can you understand the major contents when reading proposals?How well have you done with the following?Tick

153、the circles that best reflect your performance.Building a mind map about school lifeHaving interest in proposing a school clubCollecting information by using dictionariesExcellent Very Good Good Needs Improvement31EXPANDING OUR HORIZONS4Professor Zhangs Lecture:Being a StudentAt the beginning of thi

154、s semester,Professor Zhang was invited to Li Mings school to give a lecture about what it means to be a good student.Here are some of her key points.Hello,everyone,Im very happy to be here with you today to share some of my ideas about being a student.I was a student just like you many years ago.I r

155、emember one of my junior-high teachers used to remind us that to be a student meant more than just being a pupil.Times change.The definition of“student”used to be“one who studies something”.Today it just means“one who attends a school,college or university”.This modern definition doesnt even suggest

156、 that the person does more than“attend”.What makes a student stand out from the rest of the class?The four As attitude,academic skills,awareness and accomplishment certainly are a large part of it,and a student who has these skills is very likely to earn As.Attitude is a desire to learn,and the will

157、ingness to work hard.It is reflected in how well you apply yourself,even when you have little interest in a subject.It is also reflected in how much you can achieve when you dont like a teachers style.Academic skills include reading and understanding of subject matter,use of resources,mathematical s

158、kills,good study habits,and the ability to communicate clearly and smoothly in speaking and writing.32Awareness refers to being aware of whats going on in the world around you and being able to relate it to your academic courses.For example,when taking a science course,you go out of your way to find

159、 applications and examples of science in the real world.Accomplishment is shown by how well you apply your understanding of the subject matter to new problems and challenges and how you use your speaking and writing skills to communicate this understanding.Your accomplishments will grow by continuin

160、g your education outside of the classroom throughout your life.All of these add up to ability.The goal of education is to achieve the ability to apply ones knowledge in new ways.Many abilities can be earned through hard work.Work to be educated,not just trained!Thanks for listening.“Less Is More”in

161、Finlands EducationWhen I arrived in the Republic of Finland,I did not find students who were better at mathematics or knew more math.In fact,the junior-high and high-school math classes were rather typical of what I had experienced in the U.S.And most of the struggles(like students not remembering t

162、heir basic math facts)were the same.The teaching style of a math class in Finland follows the basic way that has been performed by math teachers for centuries:POST-READING QUESTIONS1What are the four As suggested in the text?2With a group member,discuss what qualities make a good student.3How do you

163、 understand the sentence“Work to be educated,not just trained”?UNIT 2 SCHOOL LIFE33The teachers go over homework,they present a lesson(some of the kids listen and some dont),and then they give the kids more homework.So,what is the difference?Why are Finnish students succeeding while ours are failing

164、?The answer is that Finland truly believes“Less is more”,which is the basic guideline to Finlands education.I hope I can import this way of thinking when I return home to the U.S.Fewer Instruction Hours=More Planning Time Teachers have shorter days.According to the OECD(Organization for Economic Coo

165、peration and Development),an average Finnish teacher teaches 600 hours annually,which works out to about four lessons daily.An average U.S.teacher almost doubles that teaching time,with an average of over 1,080 hours of in-class instruction annually.This equals an average of six lessons daily.Also,t

166、eachers and students in Finland are not expected to be at school when they do not have a class.For example,if they dont have any afternoon classes on Thursdays,they(both teachers and students)can simply leave.This system allows the Finnish teachers more time to plan and think about each lesson.It al

167、lows them to create inspiring lessons.Fewer Accepted Applicants=More Confidence in TeachersFinland works very hard to make sure there are no“bad teachers”.Primary education sections in Finland accept only 10%of all applicants and turn down thousands of students annually.A person not only has to be t

168、he best and the brightest to become a primary-school teacher,but they also have to pass a series of interviews to get in.So,it UNIT 2 SCHOOL LIFE34isnt enough to be the smartest in your class you also have to have the natural ability and drive to teach.Less Testing=More LearningAlthough it still exi

169、sts,there is less pressure on teachers in Finland to get through the curriculum.Teachers are simply trusted to do a good job and therefore have more control over their classroom and its contents.Teachers are able to take more risks,try new things,and create an exciting,engaging curriculum that allow

170、s students to become skilled individuals ready for the real world.They have time to teach skills that allow students to develop into individuals who know how to start a project and work.They have time to teach hands-on lessons where students get to learn real-life skills like cooking,cleaning,woodwo

171、rking and more!And while students are learning these amazing skills,they are also learning math,problem solving and how to follow directions!Less Structure=More TrustTrust,not structure,is the key to this whole system.Instead of being doubtful of one another and creating tons of structures,rules,dia

172、grams,and tests to see if the system is working,they simply trust the system.Society trusts the schools and their teachers.The schools trust the teachers to be highly trained individuals and therefore give them the freedom to create the type of classroom environment that is best for their individual

173、 students.The parents trust the teachers to make decisions that will help their children learn and develop.The teachers trust the students to do the work and learn for the sake of learning.The students trust the teachers to give them the tools they need to be successful.It works,and it isnt complex.

174、Finland has it figured out.Less is more.UNIT 2 SCHOOL LIFE35 UNIT 2 SCHOOL LIFEPOST-READING QUESTIONS1What is the writers math class in the U.S.like?2What makes Finlands education system unique?3What do you think“Less is more”means?Do you agree with this principle?Why?Unit ReflectionReview the whole

175、 unit and reflect on what you have learned.1 What have you learned about qualities of good teachers?2 What new information did you get about school life in this unit?What kind of school life do you think can help students learn and develop?3 How can you prepare yourself for your future responsibilit

176、ies in your study at high school now?More Connections Confucius was a great teacher,writer and scholar as well with a set of philosophical teachings named after him.His teachings continue to inspire people today.But just what did he teach?What is Confucianism?And how can we better understand Chinese

177、 society with a knowledge of it?Try to surf websites.Here are some key words for your reference:Confucius,Confucianism,and Confucius teaching.Rita F.Pierson,a professional American educator since 1972,taught elementary school,junior high and special education.As a teacher for 40 years,she believes i

178、n her students and actually connects with them on a real,human,and personal level.She once gave a lecture Every Kid Needs a Champion,which can be viewed online.Find and watch it to get to know her thoughts on education.View the video about the Model United Nations(MUN),a club in which you can improv

179、e your skills in research,communication,critical thinking and creativity.36A sound mind is in a sound body.German proverbHe who has no health has nothing.French proverb Walking is the best possible exercise.Thomas Jefferson,American politician3UNITBE ACTIVE AND HEALTHY!37READING FOR MEANING1Physical

180、 Inactivity:A Global Publichealth ProblemBEFORE YOU READ1 What comes to mind when you read the title?2 How would you feel if others described you as“physically inactive”?3 Are you satisfied with your current state of health?If not,explain why.Nowadays,a sedentary lifestyle is common in both the deve

181、loped and the developing world.Sedentary activities include sitting,reading,watching television,playing video games,drinking beer or coffee,and using the computer for much of the day with little or no active physical exercise.Such a sedentary lifestyle is harmful to our health due to the lack of suf

182、ficient physical activity.Physical inactivity is believed to cause millions of deaths a year almost as many as smoking.Researchers have found that inactivity has obvious links to many diseases.In Britain,“couch-potato”lifestyles cost the health service more than 1 billion a year.In the U.S.,things a

183、re no better.Physical inactivity is killing millions of Americans.A study of Chinese peoples habits illustrates that many urban adults are overweight,and that many middle-aged people suffer from heart conditions.One day,Indian housewife Sujata Budarapu was shocked when she was told that her two sons

184、 were on the edge of developing Type 2 diabetes.“I have heard that outside India this happens to other peoples kids,but I never sedentary:(1)(of work,activities,etc.)in which you spend a lot of time sitting down(2)(of people)spending a lot of time sitting down and not movingQUICK CHECK!38 UNIT 3 BE

185、ACTIVE AND HEALTHY!thought it would happen to my own,”the 38-year-old woman from Mumbai told AFP.Actually,Sujatas children are not unexpected cases at all.Sedentary lifestyles are linked to increased risks of heart disease,diabetes and cancer.Most people move far less than their grandparents did.Acc

186、ording to a study of over 70,000 teens in 34 nations,nearly one third of teens are spending three or more hours a day watching TV or using the computer.From Argentina to Zambia,teens arent getting enough exercise and it doesnt matter if they are living in a rich or a poor country.It is no different

187、in China.In cities,the problem of physical inactivity is serious.As physical labour is often replaced by office work,computers and robots are commonly used.People do not have to move a lot but they have to sit more hours working.They are used to pressing the button to start the engine and drive to w

188、ork because they dont want to walk or ride a bicycle to their office.They want to save time and achieve the goal as soon as possible.In rural areas,things arent any better.With more and more people getting richer and richer,modern transportation is replacing walking.Not everyone knows the benefits o

189、f easy daily activities.You do not need to become a boxing champion in order to get the benefits of exercise.Short bursts of activity can be a welcome escape from the boredom of sedentary work.Walking home,cleaning the house,dancing or climbing the stairs every day will help your lungs take in more

190、oxygen,and may help you avoid illnesses such as cancer or diabetes.Unfortunately,such simple and easy ways to champion:a person,team,etc.that has won a competition,especially in a sportQUICK CHECK!AFP(Agence France-Presse)is an international news agency headquartered in Paris,France.DO YOU KNOW?39 U

191、NIT 3 BE ACTIVE AND HEALTHY!keep fit seem to be ignored by many people who prefer products that save time and require little work.As the World Health Organization observes,physical inactivity has already become a global risk to peoples health all over the world.In the years to come,more efforts need

192、 to be made to deal with the situation.ignore:(1)to pay no attention to sth.(2)to pretend that you have not seen sb.or that sb.is not thereQUICK CHECK!Reading Comprehension 1 Is physical inactivity a serious problem all over the world these days?In what degree?2 What does a sedentary lifestyle inclu

193、de?3 What does the expression“couch-potato”mean?Is there a difference between a“couch-potato”lifestyle and a sedentary lifestyle?4 Why was the Indian housewife Sujata shocked?5 At the very beginning of Paragraph 6,what does“It”refer to?6 What attitude does the word“Unfortunately”in Paragraph 7 conve

194、y?Post-reading Activities 1Do more research about the negative effects of“sedentary behaviour”.Use the Internet,library,or any other resources.Write a summary of your findings.Share and compare.2Compare your daily physical activities with those of your parents and grandparents.Which activities do yo

195、u have in common?3Imagine what life would be like if everyone adopted the sedentary lifestyle.How might our lives be different,as individuals and as a society?Share and discuss your point of view in groups.AFTER YOU READ40 UNIT 3 BE ACTIVE AND HEALTHY!Reminder Physical inactivity is dangerous!SONGI

196、knew a man who was rich in gold,Enough to last till he was old.He lived his life and finally learned,Its how you feel that matters,not how much you earn.When you are young you dont realize,The precious gift of arms and legs and ears and eyes.They help you do the things you want to do,Like walking wi

197、th your friends down the crowded avenue.ChorusTo your good health,my friend,To your good health.I dont have to tell you its only real wealth,You can take all the money in the world for yourself,But it doesnt matter if you do not have your health.A child is a child.A man is a man.But they both fit in

198、to natures plan.We all get older and come to the end,But to look back upon a healthy life is your best friend.Repeat ChorusTo Your Good Health4Design a“Reminder Card”to warn about the seriousness of physical inactivity.You may send the card as a small gift to your parents or friends.41LEARNING THROU

199、GH PRACTICE2Task One Focusing on Benefits of Physical Activity Read the passage below about physical activity.Then summarize the benefits of your favourite sport or physical activity.Step 1 Pre-task ResourcesRead the passage below and pay close attention to the use of the infinitive.As we know,good

200、health is the most valuable thing that a person can have.But one cant take health for granted.Getting plenty of exercise is very important to good health.In fact,all adults should aim to get about 30 minutes of physical activity at least five days a week.It can be enjoyable,cheap and easy to fit int

201、o everyday life.Regular physical activity can do you a lot of good.Human body tissue makes up organs and other body parts.The benefits of physical exercise are as follows:it helps to build healthy bones and muscles;it helps to control weight,to keep slim and to reduce fat;it helps to prevent the dev

202、elopment of high blood pressure;and it helps to reduce feelings of worry.Physical activity can take many forms,such as aerobics,strength training and flexibility exercises.Examples of aerobic activities include quick walking,skiing,gymnastics,playing badminton,jogging,cycling,jumping rope and swimmi

203、ng.Muscle strength refers to how hard or how far you can move your body or an object,such as kicking a ball.Flexibility is how well you can move the different muscles in your body,like when you are dancing.All in all,physical activity benefits people especially those who are young in many ways.Physi

204、cal activity plays an important role in a childs happiness.In addition,it improves learning by developing a young persons ability to communicate well with others.42 UNIT 3 BE ACTIVE AND HEALTHY!Step 2 Exploring the LanguageShare your notes and ideas about the benefits of physical activity in groups

205、of four.Decide on your favourite physical activity and write about it.Share your report in groups.Step 3 Task CycleThe following sentences may help you get started.Physical activity is very important because _.My favourite physical activity(sport)is _.So far,I have benefited from _.1Based on the pas

206、sage in Step 1,list the benefits of physical activity.to build healthy bones and muscles to control weight _ _ _2Match the physical activities in the left column with their benefits in the right.CyclingYou learn the importance of discipline and competition;it helps build friendship;it promotes teamw

207、ork.Flying a kiteIt improves handling and spacial awareness;it improves navigational skills;it promotes weight loss;it helps grow your social circle.Weight liftingIt connects to nature;it is relaxing;you will do a lot of neck&shoulder exercises.Playing footballIt requires a great amount of flexibili

208、ty;it enhances your well-being;it can improve your balance.DancingIt builds stronger bones;it helps calorie burn.43Task Two Inspiring a Classmate to Get Active Imagine one of your classmates is unwilling to do any physical activity,and consequently,he/she is facing some health problems.Inspire him/h

209、er to get active by explaining the benefits of physical activity.In your explanation,use infinitive verbs as attributives or adverbials of result.Step 1 Pre-task Resources Read the dialogue below.Kate,a TV hostess,is interviewing Dr.William,a famous doctor.UNIT 3 BE ACTIVE AND HEALTHY!Dr.William,wha

210、t are the key messages you try to get across to the public ear?Thanks for your question.I try to remind people that our health is mostly in our own hands.Though we are lucky to have access to the wonders of modern day medicine,this is not equal to a healthy lifestyle.Both diet and exercise are very

211、important when it comes to prevention and cure of disease.How do you inspire your own patients to get active?Personally,I think sometimes its as simple as“allowing them”to do so.Some patients just need to hear that being active is safe and a good thing to do.It may seem obvious to some of us,but som

212、e people lack the confidence to get started and others are concerned that exercise may not be safe.It can have a very positive impact to explain that physical activity is safe and can increase confidence.44 UNIT 3 BE ACTIVE AND HEALTHY!Step 2 Task Cycle Step 3 Language Focus In English,a sentence us

213、ually has one main verb.Sometimes,its not enough to use only one verb in a sentence when the speaker or writer has more to express.In this case,the infinitive is used to give more information.The infinitive is sometimes used after abstract nouns such as ability,desire,opportunity,wish.I have no desi

214、re to be rich.They gave him an opportunity to escape.Sometimes,the infinitive is used after an indefinite pronoun such as something,anything.When I travel,I always take something to read.I was all alone.I had no one to talk to.The infinitive can be used to express result;however,this use is more com

215、mon in literary styles.Do you want to live to be a hundred?She arrived home to receive a letter from her bank.“Only+the infinitive”can express a disappointing result of an action.I went back to the shop only to find that it had closed for good.He got his car fixed only to damage it again.Work indepe

216、ndently.Read this unit over again and pay close attention to the use of the infinitive.Work with a partner to make up a dialogue about the benefits of being physically active.Role play your dialogue.Expressing opinions politely It might be a good idea to.If I were you,I would.Personally,I think.I me

217、an,it seems to me.Well,in my opinion,.45Project Surveying Physical Activities in Your Class Suppose your school is collecting data about the average students exercise habits.Design a questionnaire to get accurate information about your classmates exercise habits and report the findings to your group

218、.Step 1 Listen,Read and Fill in Blanks Here is a survey report about physical activities among American middle school students.Listen carefully and fill in the blanks.The national Youth Risk Behaviour Survey(YRBS)monitors chief health risk behaviours.The national YRBS is conducted every two years.It

219、 provides a mass of data of 9th through 12th-grade students in public and private schools throughout the United States.Results from the(1)_ national YRBS revealed that many high school students are engaged in health-risk behaviours.(2)_ had played video or computer games for 3 or more hours per day

220、on an average school day.(3)_ had not taken part in at least 60 minutes of any kind of physical activity.The rate of not having taken part in at least(4)_ minutes of physical activity on at least one day was higher among 11th-grade(15.5%)and 12th-grade(16.9%)than 9th-grade(12.0%).Further,13.9%had ob

221、esity and(5)_ were overweight.Step 2 Read and Interview The three questions below are part of a questionnaire by the World Health Organization.Interview a partner to learn more about his/her exercise habits.Then switch roles.3USING ENGLISH IN CONTEXT46 UNIT 3 BE ACTIVE AND HEALTHY!QuestionnaireDear

222、fellow classmate,In this questionnaire,we ask simple questions about your exercise habits both in and out of school.Choose the option that best suits you.Part I:General Questions about Exercise Habits 1 Is physical exercise important to you in your daily life?A YesB NoC Not sureStep 3 Make Questionn

223、aire and Investigate Group work.Use the survey above to help you design your own questionnaire of ten Yes/No/Not sure questions.Some questions are already written out as examples for you.Use your questionnaire to investigate your classmates about their exercise habits.1 During the past seven days,ho

224、w many days were you physically active for a total of at least 30 minutes per day?A OneB TwoC ThreeD More than three 2 During the past seven days,how many days did you walk or ride a bike to and from school?A ZeroB OneC TwoD More than two3 How much time do you spend during your holiday,sitting and w

225、atching TV,playing computer games,or doing other sitting activities?A Less than 1 hour per dayB 1 2 hours per dayC 3 4 hours per day D More than 4 hours per day47 UNIT 3 BE ACTIVE AND HEALTHY!2 Do you enjoy physical activity(playing sports,dancing,etc.)?A YesB NoC Not surePart II:Questions about Phy

226、sical Exercise at School3 Do you enjoy your P.E.class at school?A YesB NoC Not sure4 _?A YesB NoC Not sure5 _?A YesB NoC Not sure6 _?A YesB NoC Not surePart III:Questions about Physical Exercise after School7 Do your parents encourage you to play sports?A YesB NoC Not sure8 _?A YesB NoC Not sure9 _?

227、A YesB NoC Not sure10 _?A YesB NoC Not sureEND OF THE QUESTIONNAIRE THANK YOU FOR YOUR PARTICIPATION!48Step 4 Summarize,Analyze and Write Now it is time to write a short survey report.In this report,you will summarize the findings from your questionnaire.You may interpret and analyze the survey data

228、 in a few different ways.You can organize your report into three paragraphs.UNIT 3 BE ACTIVE AND HEALTHY!Survey ReportThe survey of exercise habits is aimed at _.Ten questions were asked to _.The data shows that _.Evaluate yourself!Can you investigate and collect opinions from your classmates about

229、their exercise habits?Can you present the results of your survey in English using diagrams and tables?How well have you done with the following?Tick the circles that best reflect your performance.Learning the infinitive by understanding its structure,meaning and useMaking some preparations before re

230、adingEnjoying cooperating with othersExcellent Very Good Good Needs Improvement49EXPANDING OUR HORIZONS4An Ancient Game Is Alive and Well in Beijings HutongThough he is 75 years old,Chai Tixian is able to play Jianzi with surprising speed and skill.With his foot,he can send the Jianzi high up and ha

231、ve it land exactly on his head.Jianzi is a game that dates back to the Han Dynasty.The game is simple:players must keep the Jianzi up in the air.This is done mainly by kicking it,but all parts of the body except the hands are allowed to keep the Jianzi up.Despite its simple rules,the game is quite c

232、hallenging and requires a large amount of flexibility.Although Jianzi is played throughout China,Chai Tixian describes it as an important part of hutong culture.The ancient game is popular within the narrow hutongs of Beijings inner date back:If something dates back to a particular time,it started o

233、r was made at that time.QUICK CHECK!50POST-READING QUESTIONS1Where does Mr.Chai play Jianzi every day?2Why is playing Jianzi challenging?3 What does Chai Tixian benefit from playing Jianzi?RunningThe text below is an excerpt from the book Running&Being:The Total Experience,written by George Sheehan

234、and Kenny Moore.The book was published in 2013.It is the 35th anniversary edition of the classic bestseller.Every mile I run is my first.Every hour on the roads a new beginning.Every day I put on my running clothes,I am born again.Seeing things as if for the first time,seeing the familiar as unfamil

235、iar,the common as uncommon.Doing what Goethe said was the hardest thing of all,seeing with my own eyes that which is spread before me.Bringing to that running,that play,the attitude of the child,the feeling of a poet.Being a beginner with a beginners mind,a beginners heart,a beginners body.There is

236、no other way to run,no other way to live.Each day I discover how to breathe.Taste the air.Feel it move through my lungs.Each day I search out how to run.Letting the foot drop below the knee.UNIT 3 BE ACTIVE AND HEALTHY!city.Every morning,Chai Tixian and his friends from the neighbourhood gather in t

237、he park near their hutong and practice the sport.They often draw a small audience of people who enjoy watching the game.Chai Tixian,who has retired from work,is the captain of his Jianzi team.Playing Jianzi with other hutong residents,Chai Tixian said,helps keep him energetic,physically flexible and

238、 young.51POST-READING QUESTIONS1 How does the author feel about running?2 What are the benefits of running?3 What uncommon sentence structures did you notice in the text?Arriving at the form the child adopts naturally.The body,a little stronger perhaps,must come upon these ideas as fresh as if newly

239、 thought.And concentrate on this beginning and bring to it the beginners joy in doing this simple yet complex thing so well.The best most of us can do is to be a poet an hour a day.Take the hour when we run or tennis or golf or garden;take the hour away from being a serious adult and become serious

240、beginners.Take an hour away from what Shelley called a life of error,ignorance and trouble,and introduce love and beauty and joy.Those good things began in my beginning.When I was not afraid to respond to my feeling.Before I was taught not to cry.Before I learned that humour had a time and a place a

241、nd deep feelings had best be hidden,that passion be left unfelt.When I run,I go back to those better days.Now no emotion is foreign to me.I express myself totally.My body and heart and mind interact and open me to the infinite possibilities only a beginner can imagine.UNIT 3 BE ACTIVE AND HEALTHY!co

242、ncentrate:If you concentrate onsomething,or concentrate your mindon it,you give all your attention to it.QUICK CHECK!52Country Age group MessagesAustralia12 18years of age Walk to school,friends house,shops or other places in your neighbourhood.Try to limit time spent watching TV,videos or DVDs,surf

243、ing the net,or playing computer games,especially during the day and on weekends.Try a new sport or go back to one you have played before.Put on some music and dance.CanadaAdults 55 yearsand above Be active your way.Choose a variety of activities.Getting started is easier than you think.Do the activi

244、ties you are doing now more often.Walk wherever and whenever you can.Find activities that you enjoy.USAAdults18 64years old Be active your way.Pick an activity you like and one that fits into your lifestyle.Start by doing what you can,and then look for ways to do more.Walking is one way to add physi

245、cal activity to your life.UNIT 3 BE ACTIVE AND HEALTHY!Different Countries,Similar PracticesThe table is part of the document titled Global Recommendations on Physical Activity for Health,issued by the World Health Organization.53 UNIT 3 BE ACTIVE AND HEALTHY!POST-READING QUESTIONS1What are the simi

246、larities between the messages oriented towards teenagers in Australia and towards adults in Canada?2Why is walking recommended as a good physical activity?3How do you understand“Walk wherever and whenever you can”?Unit ReflectionReview the whole unit and reflect on what you have learned.1 What are s

247、ome of the dangers that come from being physically inactive?What could you do to prevent those dangers?2 If you were asked to give a lecture about the benefits of physical activity in your community,how would you prepare for it?3 What is the infinitive?What have you learned about the meaning and use

248、 of infinitives in English?More Connections Did you know that the 9th Global Conference on Health Promotion was held in Shanghai in November of 2016?It was a big event for people all over the world.If you are interested in it,search the Internet for the PDF version of the Report on the 9th Global Co

249、nference on Health Promotion.Do not set high expectations of complete understanding of the text.You may ignore or skip the words and phrases that you have not learned before.Just take the authentic English text as an eye-opener and enjoy it!Have you ever heard about the International Physical Litera

250、cy Association?The concept of physical literacy was first proposed in 1993 at the International Association of Physical Education in Melbourne,Australia.Physical literacy can be described as the motivation,confidence,physical competence,knowledge and understanding to value and take responsibility fo

251、r engagement in physical activities for life.If you want to learn more about it,try to find online resources.Here are some key words for your reference:physical literacy,sport for life,physical literacy video.Do not forget to read the blogs that tell interesting personal stories!54Science and techno

252、logy are revolutionary forces which promote the advancement of human history.Karl Marx,German philosopherIn the 21st century,technology has changed the ways in which we communicate and go about our lives.It has also dramatically changed the teaching and learning process.Katherine McKnight,American e

253、ducator4UNITWAVES OF TECHNOLOGY55READING FOR MEANING1Technologies in Everyday LifeBEFORE YOU READ1 View a video clip about the development of technology in China and discuss how technology has changed our lives.2 How is technology changing the way we communicate?3 Based on the title of each section,

254、what would you expect to read?We are surrounded by technologies,some of which have become so popular that they appear normal and part of everyday life.People do not even realize that they are using them.You might have one of these little metal devices on your lap right now.Most technologies have mad

255、e life easier and more convenient as well.Smart Mobile DevicesTablets and smart phones allow you to surf the Internet from any place offering Wi-Fi.They have successfully replaced a lot of instruments used in the past and have led to the introduction of many other devices.Phone applications allow yo

256、u to check your emails,download movies,update blogs,play games,and create text documents.They are devices that can act as GPS devices,digital cameras,music players,e-readers and video viewers.They have built-in calendars and to-do lists making it easy for people to stay organized.Surely you will agr

257、ee that if your smart phone were taken away from you or were running out of battery power,you could feel incomplete.Mobile PaymentMobile payment generally refers to payment services performed by a mobile device.Instead of paying in cash Tablets here refer to small computers that can work with a batt

258、ery and be easily carried.QUICK CHECK!56 UNIT 4 WAVES OF TECHNOLOGYor by credit cards,a consumer can use a mobile device to pay for a wide range of services and goods.By scanning a QR code,short for“Quick Response”code,with a mobile phone,people can pay immediately in restaurants,supermarkets and co

259、nvenient stores.The technology supporting such systems has become widely available.It makes operations efficient and convenient,resulting in an increase in business.Wearable DevicesLifestyle and fitness devices have become very popular in recent years.There are many wearable devices on the market fo

260、r you to choose from.Wearable devices track your steps,workout time,calories burned and distance you cover.In addition,they are in a position to measure the rate of your heart beat and monitor how you sleep.Some are worn on the ankle or wrist,while others are clipped onto clothes or put around the c

261、hest.Workout is the physical exercises you do to make yourself fit and strong.Some wearable devices have LED status lights and small screens while others dont have these at all.Scientists are doing more experiments in this field and future wearable tech devices are expected to be even more advanced.

262、QUICK CHECK!57 UNIT 4 WAVES OF TECHNOLOGYSmart Street LightsDespite its wide range of features,the main task of the smart street light is to light the street at night.The smart street light does not rely on traditional lamps,but on LEDs.First,LEDs use less electricity.Second,they last up to six time

263、s longer than traditional lamps,making less waste.This allows cities or towns to cut three-quarters of their costs for street lighting directly.The smart street light takes it even one step further and adapts the lighting to its surrounding conditions within a radius of up to 150 metres,saving more

264、energy.The radar chip built into the light detects how fast an object,such as a car,is approaching the light.The evaluation of the data is controlled by the microcontroller.All the procedures are carried out automatically.The radius is a straight line between the centre of a circle and any point on

265、its outer edge.QUICK CHECK!radiusAFTER YOU READReading Comprehension 1 Why are smart mobile devices considered“smart”?2 What does the author mean by“if your smart phone were taken away from you,you could feel incomplete”in Paragraph 2?3 What are the benefits of mobile payment?Are there any risks?4 W

266、hat are wearable devices mainly used for at present?5 What advantages do smart street lights have?6 What kind of technology do you think will be developed in the coming years?Why?Post-reading Activities1 In pairs,discuss what type of technology has benefited you most?How does it help you?Does ithave

267、 any disadvantages?If so,what are they?58 SONGFirst it was fireAnd then bronze and steelThen it was the wheat that was Cut from the fields.Technology has changed usAnd we cannot go backFrom the wheel to the carAnd trains upon the track.ChorusIt is new technologyThat comes to change our life.It can m

268、ake things so much betterAnd rid our world of strife.What will be the newest thingTo change our world for good?Will it be a flying carOr a stronger form of wood?New computers coming soonMedicine to cure diseaseJets and rockets to the moonCome from new technologies.Repeat ChorusNew Waves of Technolog

269、yshowing the wayscanning for safety UNIT 4 WAVES OF TECHNOLOGY2 In groups of four,imagine or design a new technology or a new device to solve a daily life problem.Give this device a name and present it to the class.Explain what it is used for and how it works.3 Some students think a smart mobile pho

270、ne is a must-have in high school.Others think it will do harm to their studies.Whats your opinion?Discuss in groups and present your ideas to the class.4 There are various usages of technology in our daily lives.Look at the two pictures below and discuss with your classmates.What are these technolog

271、ies?Where would you see them?What are they used for?How do they influence peoples lives?59LEARNING THROUGH PRACTICE2Task One Writing an Email about a Social Media Platform in ChinaSuppose George,a British high school student,is researching social media in various countries.He wants to know more abou

272、t popular social media in China.Write him an email to explain what form of social media you think is the most popular in China and why.Step 1 Pre-task ResourcesListen to the passage about one of the popular social media platforms in China and complete the information sheet.Step2 Task Cycle1What soci

273、al media platform do you want to write about?Discuss the following questions with your classmates and refer to the mind map below as a guide.social media platformThe name of the social media platform:_ Company:TencentFunction:allows people to _ online,_ files and _ other servicesA must for its funct

274、ioning:connect to the _ What is it?What is it used for?How does it work?How does it influence people?What are the advantages and disadvantages?namefunctionsadvantages and disadvantagesinfluence602Write about 10 sentences to describe the social media platform youve chosen with the help of the mind ma

275、p.3Share your passage with the class and then write it as an email to send to George.Step 3 Language Focus UNIT 4 WAVES OF TECHNOLOGY2In a sentence written in the passive voice,something is being done to the subject.QQ was developed by Tencent,a well-known Internet company.This sentence does not foc

276、us on the role of the agent,Tencent.Instead,our attention is drawn to QQ.1In a sentence written in an active voice,the subject plays an active role of performing an action expressed by the verb.Tencent,a well-known Internet company,developed QQ in 1998.This sentence focuses on the role of the subjec

277、t,Tencent.The information given in the sentence describes what Tencent has done.3If the sentence is written in the agentless passive voice,something is being done on the subject.However,the agent is not stated,so we do not know who or what performed the action.QQ is also used as a telephone service.

278、This sentence does not tell who the agent of the action is,but focuses on QQ again to highlight the function of QQ.61Task Two Describing Your Favourite Technological DeviceIn this task,youll read a passage about desktop computers,laptops and smart phones.Do you use any of these technological devices

279、 in your life?Which is your favourite?Describe your favourite technological device in groups and explain why it is your favourite.Step 1 Pre-task ResourcesRead the following passage and see how the author describes the technological devices.Desktop,Laptop and Smart PhoneAs far as I know,desktop comp

280、uters are not easy to move around.Laptops are portable and easy to place in a backpack.However,laptops with larger screens,weighing up to about seven pounds,can be difficult to carry.Smart phones,measuring a bit bigger than standard cell phones,are more portable than any computers.They are very ligh

281、t and can fit in a purse or pocket with ease.They are designed to be taken with you everywhere.However,Im not satisfied with the performance of a smart phone compared to a PC.My speed for typing on a real keyboard is about 80 words per minute.But my speed on a mobile phone is probably only 20 to 30.

282、Smart phones have not yet begun replacing laptops and desktops though they are quickly becoming more and more advanced.Perhaps one day in the future our smart phones will be able to replace our laptops and desktops,but until then were stuck with those devices.If you need a device to help you at work

283、,I suggest having a desktop computer at home or in your office.Someone travelling often on business trips usually carries a laptop.A smart phone may be the best device for someone simply communicating with others or having fun.UNIT 4 WAVES OF TECHNOLOGY62 UNIT 4 WAVES OF TECHNOLOGYStep 2 Exploring t

284、he LanguageThe v-ing form can serve as an attributive to describe a noun.However,laptops with larger screens,weighing up to about seven pounds,can be difficult to carry.Smart phones,measuring a bit bigger than standard cell phones,The verb ending in-ing can be used as an adjective to modify a noun.A

285、s an adjective,the v-ing usually comes before a noun.Here are two examples:Nobody can stop the running horse.We should prepare ourselves for the future in a rapidly changing world.The major functions of v-ing form as an adjective are as follows:a.It tells us that something is still going on.Some peo

286、ple believe the disappearing rain forest contributes to global warming.b.It shows how something can affect us.It was a very tiring day at the workplace.Step 3 Task CycleMake a short speech in the class to describe your favourite technological device that you use in your daily life.Try using the v-in

287、g form in your description.1Think about the following questions before your speech.Share your ideas in groups.What is your favourite technological device?Why do you like it best of all?How does it help you in your studies and in life?Is there anything you dislike about it?How do you think it can be

288、improved?2Review the text in Section 1 and Step 1.Take notes of whats useful for your speech.3Write an outline or a draft of your speech.4Deliver your short speech briefly to the class.which weighwhich measure633USING ENGLISH IN CONTEXTProject Reporting Influences of Technology on Our Daily Life In

289、this project,you will read about and listen to how technology has changed peoples lives.Then you will report how technology has changed our life in class.Step 1 Read and DiscussRead Karas story about how technology has influenced her life and discuss the questions.How Technology Has Changed My LifeW

290、hen it comes to technology,I think of laptops,phones and TVs.For me,technology refers to man-made devices that help make everyday life easier.The first type of technology I ever used was a camera.My mum bought it for me when I was eight years old.I used it to take pictures of the kitten I had gotten

291、 for my birthday.We bought our first computer in 2007,and I was allowed to get a phone when I turned 16.Thanks to our school,we had the opportunity to use the most recent technology.Students as well as teachers use technology almost every day.At school,we learned how to search the Internet and how t

292、o use certain programs.64I use my phone the most.It is small and easy to take with me everywhere I go.I use many different types of technology to complete tasks.When it comes to doing assignments for school,many are online.I use my phone to check my emails,and I use my laptop to search for informati

293、on online and complete my homework assignments.Other technologies that I use are printers and photocopiers.Technology makes me feel connected to the world.All the information is right at my fingertips.All I have to do is to turn on my phone and open a browser to find out almost anything.I think tech

294、nology is wonderful.1According to Kara,what does technology refer to?2What was the first kind of technology that Kara ever used?3What is the technology she enjoys using most?4What technologies does she frequently use for school?How do they help her?5What does Kara think of technology?Step 2 Listen a

295、nd DiscussListen to the story“A Mobile Phone”and discuss the following questions.1What did Alex notice on the floor?2Why did he scroll through the address book?3When did the phone ring?4Where did they arrange to meet?5What did Alex and Olga eventually do?UNIT 4 WAVES OF TECHNOLOGYLearning tipsPeople

296、 may have different listening skills.Here are some suggestions for you:Get prepared before listening and try to predict what youre going to hear.Listen attentively and stay focused while listening.Pay attention to the rise and fall of the speakers tone,which means different feelings in a story.Repet

297、ition and stress are usually used to express something important or certain feelings.Take some notes of the basic facts about who,what,when,where,how 65Step 3 Discuss and Share In groups,take turns telling a story that is related to technology.If you do not have a story of your own,you can surf the

298、Internet for a story.You may also ask your parents,grandparents or friends if they have a story that is related to technology.Do not make up a story.Try to think of or find a story that is true.You can use the questions below to help you get started.1What sort of technology is your story about?2Did

299、anything interesting happen?What was it?3When and where did your story happen?4Who was involved?What exactly happened to the people?5How did people feel?Was it a good or a bad experience?Step 4 View and WriteIn groups,write a passage about how technology has influenced peoples lives.Remember to use

300、your stories as arguments to support your views.You can use the chart as a guide.UNIT 4 WAVES OF TECHNOLOGYParagraph1Paragraph2Paragraph3Paragraph4your general view on technologyadvantages and benefits of technology and your argumentsdisadvantages and harm of technology to peoples lives and your arg

301、umentsyour conclusion66 UNIT 4 WAVES OF TECHNOLOGYStep 5 Revise and ReportRead your writing when you finish and see if it is well-organized.Revise and proofread it before you report it in class.Evaluate yourself!Can you surf the Internet to collect more information about technology?Can you predict t

302、he main content of a text based on its title,key words and figures?How well have you done with the following?Tick the circles that best reflect your performance.Understanding implicit relations between sentences and paragraphs based on key wordsDescribing the major changes of society caused by techn

303、ologyTelling a story about a new technology with the help of pictures and gesturesExcellent Very Good Good Needs ImprovementLearning tips Speak clearly,and do not talk too fast;Talk to your audience,and do not read your report;Use a confident tone and express your emotions and attitudes;Stress your

304、key words and emphasize your major points.67EXPANDING OUR HORIZONS4Teens Are Addicted to Cell PhonesTeens cant put their phones down,according to a new study.New research confirms what most common observers already know:Kids are becoming phone addicts.According to a survey and report from Common Sen

305、se Media that involved 1,240 interviews with parents and their children aged 12 to 18,50 percent of teens feel addicted to their mobile devices,and 59 percent of their parents agree that their kids have a problem putting their devices down.This technology addiction“is causing daily conflict in homes

306、,”Common Sense Media CEO James Steyer said in a statement,adding that“families are concerned about the results”.“We also know that problematic media use can negatively affect childrens development and that Common Sense Media(CSM)is a San Francisco-based non-profit organization that provides educatio

307、n and advocacy to families to promote safe technology and media for children.DO YOU KNOW?68multitasking can harm learning and performance,”Steyer said.“In a society we all have a responsibility to take media use and addiction seriously and make sure parents have the information to help them make sma

308、rt choices for their families.”The wish to stay connected on mobile devices leads 78 percent of teens and 69 percent of parents to check their mobile devices at least hourly.Arguments about device use break out on a daily basis for 36 percent of parents and 32 percent of teens.And according to Commo

309、n Sense Medias existing research,while multitasking between screens and people is common for homework or communication,it may be harmful to a teens memory,learning and work abilities.The study says“taking a balanced approach to media and technology”one that“recognizes the importance of face-to-face

310、communication,in addition to online communication,in supporting rich social relationships”is recommended to prevent“problematic media use”.Uncontrolled device use can cause other problems as well.Fifty-six percent of parents surveyed said they check their mobile devices while driving which can cause

311、 an accident while 51 percent of teens said they had noticed their parents doing so.Ellen Wartella,a teacher at Northwestern University who studies the role of media in child development,said,“From attention disorders and multitasking to basic social interaction and interpersonal skills,we need to g

312、ive more time to understanding the impact of media use on our kids and then change our behaviour accordingly.”POST-READING QUESTIONS1How is cell phone addiction affecting teens,adults and families?2What is multitasking?What negative effects does it have on teens?3How often do you check your cell pho

313、ne?Whats your opinion on getting rid of cell phone addiction?UNIT 4 WAVES OF TECHNOLOGY69 UNIT 4 WAVES OF TECHNOLOGYHow Does Technology Affect Society?The main source of change for the human species is technology.One example is giving up old professions and taking on new ones.We went from hunting to

314、 farming since farming caused a quick population growth.We werent able to survive on hunting even if we wanted to.As farming developed and not everyone had to spend their life getting food,towns formed.Without complex technology developed in towns,we would be still hunting and following large animal

315、 flocks.More complex technology allowed our population to grow around 30,000 years ago.Similar forces are responsible for the current population growth.The solution to every problem is the source of the next problem.For the most part,technology improves life.Otherwise,we would return to whatever we

316、used before the latest technology.Almost everything was a new technology at some point,the wheel,the pen,the car and so on.DavidFrankPeople are discussing the close relationship between technology and society on an online forum.70 UNIT 4 WAVES OF TECHNOLOGYUsually technology allows the society to ge

317、t more done in less time with less effort.And new technology allows for breakthroughs to develop the next technology.Obviously,technology is like a pyramid.The more it develops,the more it expands.Look back to your first computer or cell phone.The change in the last 20 years is surprising;the last 1

318、00 years,amazing.It may be said that technology is as basic a need as eating and sleeping.Technology strengthens intelligence,allowing humans to run faster,go farther,and basically do the impossible.Technology is used to feed people,save lives,educate,entertain and so much more.But it separates us f

319、rom humanity.Technology is starting to impact the job market.Fewer people are required to perform most jobs,resulting in growing unemployment.While the working automation is good since fewer people means less costs and more benefits,the social cost of unemployment needs to be considered.Technology r

320、elieves humanity of hard work.It may also leave people nothing to do.It could create a world where people lose the ability to get along.Steven71 UNIT 4 WAVES OF TECHNOLOGYUnit ReflectionReview the whole unit and reflect on what you have learned.1 What are the major benefits of technology?Is technolo

321、gy always beneficial to human beings?2 What new technology can you think of to improve our life?How do you think smart phones will change in 10 years?3 What have you learned about the meaning and use of v-ing forms in English?Do you know how to use the v-ing form and its function when describing a n

322、oun?POST-READING QUESTIONS1Why did farming come into being as a means of new technology?2Why does Frank say“The solution to every problem is the source of the next problem”?3What aspect of technology does Steven think should be taken into consideration?More Connections To learn more about technologi

323、es in China,you can find more information by searching online with such key words as science and technology in China.To discover how China is developing its manned-spacecraft flights,you can search online with such key words as China launches manned-spacecraft.What are Big Data and Artificial Intell

324、igence?They are said to be the most important technologies of the future.To know how they will influence our lives,surf the Internet for more information.72We do not inherit the Earth from our ancestors;we borrow it from our children.American proverbEarth provides enough to satisfy every mans needs,

325、but not every mans greed.Mohandas K.Gandhi,Indian politicianOur environment,the world in which we live and work,is a mirror of our attitudes and expectations.Earl Nightingale,American writer5UNITSAVE THE PLANET73READING FOR MEANING1We Have Only One PlanetBEFORE YOU READ1 What occurs to you when you

326、look at this picture?2 Do you think that the Earth and our environment are facing serious problems?If so,what are they?3 Looking at the title,what would you expect to read from the text?Our Demands Go beyond What Our Planet Can ProvideWe need 1.5 Earths to meet the demands we currently make of our p

327、lanet.Caring for the Earth is not just a romantic idea.People from all walks of life are now gathering to protest developments that poison the Earth,and declare their support for ideas that put the well-being of our planet first.Many fear that without change,we will one day turn our planet into a de

328、sert where not even an insect can survive.WATER IS NEEDED FOR PRODUCTIONFOOD PRODUCTION AFFECTS WATER AVAILABILITYFOOD PRODUCTION USES A LOT OF ENERGYWATER IS NEEDED FOR ENERGY PRODUCTIONENERGY CAN BE PRODUCED FROM FOOD CROPSENERGY IS USED FOR STORING,CLEANING AND TRANSPORTING WATEREnvironmental Cha

329、nges Affect All of UsThe way we meet our needs today is the very opposite of long-term development.Humans well-being indeed,our very existence depends on healthy ecosystems and the resources they supply:clean water,a livable climate,food,fuel,and rich earth.The challenge of providing everyone with t

330、he food,water,and energy is already a worrying 74future,and the human population is projected to increase to over 9 billion by 2050.Therefore,protecting nature and using its resources responsibly are necessities for human development and well-being,and for building healthy communities.Our Demands on

331、 Nature Keep IncreasingWe cut down trees faster than they can grow,we catch more fish than the ocean can supply,and we release more carbon into the air than the forests and oceans can take in.In 2014,we used more natural resources in 8 months than the planet can produce in 12 months.For the rest of

332、the year,we borrowed resources from future generations.Due to the links between food,water,and energy safety,overusing one resource will cause a chain reaction.This interdependence means that efforts to protect one resource can weaken others.Attempts to improve agricultural productivity,for example,

333、may lead to an increased demand for water and energy,affecting the ecosystem.Its a cycle:The way we meet our needs affects the health of ecosystems,and the health of ecosystems affects our ability to meet these needs in turn.This applies equally to the poorest rural communities,which often rely dire

334、ctly on nature for their livelihoods,and the worlds great cities,which are easily threatened by problems like flood and pollution resulting from environmental damage.This rings the alarm for human beings.UNIT 5 SAVE THE PLANETecosystem:all the plants and living creatures in a particular area conside

335、red in relation to their physical environmentQUICK CHECK!75Reading Comprehension1 What does“long-term development”mean?2 What kinds of human activities are harmful to natural environment?3 What is the effect of overburdening one resource?4 Does protecting nature mean the same thing for the poor and

336、the rich areas?Why or why not?5 What is the function of WWFs“One-Planet Perspective”?6 How do you interpret the title of this text“We Have Only One Planet”?UNIT 5 SAVE THE PLANETAFTER YOU READBetter Choices Can Be Made and Practical Solutions Do ExistWith so many people living in poor conditions at

337、present,it may appear as though protecting nature is a luxury.But it is quite the opposite.For many of the worlds poorest people,nature is a lifeline.More importantly though,we are all in this together.The problem is not external to anyone.We all need nutritious food,fresh water,and clean air no mat

338、ter where in the world we live.BETTER CHOICESFROM A ONE-PLANET PERSPECTIVEKEEPNATURAL CAPITALPRODUCE BETTERCONSUMEMORE WISELYREDIRECTFINANCIALFLOWSEQUITABLERESOURCEGOVERNANCEECOSYSTEMINTEGRITYBIODIVERSITYCONSERVATIONFOOD,WATER ANDENERGY SAFETYFortunately,technology is advancing rapidly nowadays.Prog

339、ress has been made in recent years in measuring the financial value of the natural capital that strengthens our economies and societies.Meanwhile,WWFs“One-Planet Perspective”gives better choices for managing,using,and sharing natural resources within the planets limits.The task is difficult,certainl

340、y,but not impossible because it is in ourselves,who have caused the problem,that we can find the solution and start a new chapter in our long-term development.76 POEM Save Our EarthHave you ever taken the timeTo see what is around you?Taken the opportunityTo gaze at every little detail of your surro

341、undings?Or have you closed your eyes stubbornlyBecause you prefer to be blind?The truth is You dont want to admit that our precious Earth Is falling apartIts beautiful skirts of grassAre dyingIts garden of stunning plantsIs running out of airAnd us,Us,the ones who made it this wayWill one day perish

342、 into a dark holeIn a way We are all selfish murderersKilling the soil we walk uponWith our trash and disgrace,our ungratefulness SlowlySlowly it shall fadeSlowly we shall perishSave the EarthSave our hearts and souls Or forever be lostIn a pit of death and regretSave our home Save our airSave our l

343、ivesSave our Earth UNIT 5 SAVE THE PLANETPost-reading Activities1 Work in pairs and list two or three major problems the Earth is facing now.Try to identify possible causes of these problems.2 Surf the Internet to make a list of things humankind can do to save and protect our planet.Share your findi

344、ngs in groups.3 Think about what you can do,as high-school students,in your daily life to help protect the environment.4 In groups,discuss whether you think we should make recycling compulsory for all households.ProblemsCauses77LEARNING THROUGH PRACTICE2Task One Making a“Green-home Card”Being enviro

345、nmentally friendly means having a lifestyle that helps the planet more than hurts it.Saving water,driving less often,gardening,and protecting animals are all good ways to start helping.In this task,you are to work together in a group to make a“Green-home Card”.Your card will encourage people to do s

346、omething so as to make their home green.Step 1 Pre-task ResourcesRead the following example and discuss the idea it suggests to keep your home green.The idea in this card suggests that instead of just throwing plastic bags away,we use them again.If we reuse something,we will reduce waste.There are m

347、any other things we can do to make our home green.For example,we can repair things and use them for a longer time and share or donate things we dont use very often.Step 2 Task CycleBrainstorm ideas for a“Green-home Card”and choose one to focus on for your card.Complete your card.You may refer to the

348、 card in Step 1 as a guide.Decorate your card and make it beautiful.Explain the reasons for your idea.You can refer to the text in Section 1 for language support.Put it up on the classroom wall.Green-home CardIdea:Reusing plastic bagsPlastic bags can be reused in the following ways:Use them as trash

349、 bags in your home or office.Protect your hands when cleaning,cooking,or gardening.Put them around plants to protect them from frost.78Step 3 Language FocusWe have learned that imperatives are sentences that begin with an action verb.Imperatives can be used to give advice.Make recycling part of your

350、 daily routine.Use them as trash bags in your home or office.Walk or bike whenever possible.Listen to what your parents have to say.Rather than recycling clothing and household goods,give them a chance at a second life.We put“do not(dont)”or“never”before the infinitives to form a negative imperative

351、.Dont leave water running while you brush your teeth.Dont walk or drive through floodwater.When you recognize a root word in a new vocabulary word,dont be afraid toguess its meaning based on your understanding of the root.Dont cut down trees unless its completely necessary.Never do it again.Task Two

352、 Writing a Suggestion Letter about Clean EnergyIn this task,you will read a passage about fossil fuels and clean energy.Read the passage first and pay attention to the functions of the v-ing structure.Then,write a suggestion letter to advocate the use of clean energy.UNIT 5 SAVE THE PLANETGreen-home

353、 CardIdea:_It can be reused in the following ways:_ _79Step 1 Pre-task ResourcesRead the following passage to learn about fossil fuels and clean energy.Fossil fuels namely,petrol,coal,and natural gas are todays major sources of energy.However,the consumption of fossil fuels is alarmingly high,causin

354、g serious environmental issues such as air pollution,smog and global warming.As fossil fuels quickly run out,the global energy markets are turning to clean energy.Clean energy,refers to the energy produced by renewable resources.The three most common types of clean energy are solar power,wind power

355、and water power.Solar power is an important source of energy.In fact,the sunlight that shines on the Earth for just one hour can meet the worlds energy demand for an entire year!It is renewable,sustainable,free of charge,and environmentally friendly.Wind power is considered a renewable energy source

356、 because there is and always will be wind on the Earth.We arent“using it up”when making energy from it.Being one of the oldest methods of producing power,water energy helped people throughout history in their work.These days,we make great use of moving water to produce electricity.However,by dependi

357、ng too much on the weather,lacking much-needed efficiency,and requiring huge financial support,clean energy is not that perfect.Step 2 Exploring the LanguageExamine the words in red.Can you find anything in common?UNIT 5 SAVE THE PLANET However,the consumption of fossil fuels is alarmingly high,caus

358、ing serious environmental issues such as air pollution,smog,and global warming.Being one of the oldest methods of producing power,water energy helped people throughout history in their work.80 UNIT 5 SAVE THE PLANETThese two words in red are v-ing forms.The v-ing phrases act as adverbials.The v-ing

359、phrase can serve as an adverbial to indicate result,time,reason,etc.in a sentence.Step 3 Task CycleIt is believed that the use of fossil fuels leads to air pollution.Read the following example,and write a suggestion letter to the local government to advocate the use of clean energy.You may use the i

360、nformation and language you have learned in the first two steps of this task.Dear Sir/Madam,I am a high-school student.I am writing to advocate the use of clean energy.As we all know,fossil fuels can be very harmful to the environment._Compared with fossil fuels,clean energy has many advantages._In

361、conclusion,I strongly advocate using clean energy.I sincerely hope you can consider my suggestion.Looking forward to your reply!Yours,Li Hua While I was walking down the beach,I saw a dolphin stranded.Walking down the beach,I saw a dolphin stranded.Because she is a mother now,she has more responsibi

362、lities.Being a mother now,she has more responsibilities.A plane crashed near New York,killing 21 passengers on board.Hearing the news,Mary jumped with joy.Feeling a bit tired,I didnt go to work yesterday.Learning tipsA suggestion letter will lead to the action if it is written in a clear and persuad

363、ing manner.Here are some tips on writing a suggestion letter:Use simple and straightforward words.Talk about positives.Always be polite.813USING ENGLISH IN CONTEXTProject Making a Design of Earth Day ActivitiesSuppose Earth Day is coming soon.The major aim of Earth Day each year is to raise peoples

364、awareness of environmental protection.You and your group members are to design some activities for its celebration and present your design to your classmates.Step 1 View and Discuss Look at the following pictures,and discuss with your group members to learn more about Earth Day.Step 2 Read and Revie

365、w Read the passage and fill in the table.Earth DayIt is very clear that we are facing a global climate problem that threatens every person and nation on the Earth.The rate of climate change has been increasing or rising over the past few years,causing pollution,desertification,and drought in many pl

366、aces.Falling on April 22 of each year,Earth Day is celebrated to raise awareness about the dangers facing our planet and how we can protect it from damage.After having seen the destruction caused by oil spill in California in 1969,American Senator Gaylord Nelson worked tirelessly,uniting people from

367、 all levels of society.They chose 82to express their views to the government on April 22,and it was a great success.Following the establishment of the United States Environmental Protection Agency(EPA),three environmental acts about clean water,air,and endangered species went through,which are used

368、as a defence against pollution.Since then,Earth Day has appeared on the world stage.At present,over 190 countries take part in Earth Day activities,making it the largest celebration in the world.Every year,the event is celebrated under a different theme,such as“The Face of Climate Change”,“Its Our T

369、urn to Lead”and“Trees for the Earth”.As humans,we must come together not as citizens of different nations,but as citizens of the Earth,to protect our home for the present and for the future.Lets start now.Step 3 Listen and DiscussListen to a passage about Earth Day 2016 and discuss the following que

370、stions.1What was the theme for Earth Day 2016?2How many trees are supposed to be planted by 2020?3List the activities mentioned in the passage.4How can you cut down on junk mail?5What is the simplest way to celebrate Earth Day?UNIT 5 SAVE THE PLANETEarth Daydatepurposeoriginprevious themes83 UNIT 5

371、SAVE THE PLANETStep 4 Read,Discuss and DesignRead the following sample and learn how to design Earth Day activities.Earth Day 20_ _Theme:_Activities and reasons:1 _2 _3 _4 _Earth Day 20_ _Theme:How to Live a Green LifeActivities and reasons:1Drink less bottled water.Bottled water produces up to 1.5

372、million tons of plastic waste per year.Transporting and recycling plastic bottles is wasteful and harmful to the environment.Theres a simple alternative to bottled water:buy a stainless steel thermos and use it.2 Use less fuel for transport.Walk or ride your bike whenever you have to travel a short

373、distance.If your destination is too far for a bicycle,take public transportation.Step 5 Discuss,Write and PresentDiscuss with your group members and choose a theme for the upcoming Earth Day.Design your Earth Day activities in the form below.You may refer to the previous themes of Earth Day.Then pre

374、sent your Earth Day activities to your class.Learning tipsHere are some tips on designing an Earth Day theme:The theme can be an expression or a short sentence.The theme should be clear and appealing.The theme should reflect the purpose of Earth Day.84 UNIT 5 SAVE THE PLANETEvaluate yourself!Can you

375、 understand the details and expressions used in the text about Earth Day?Can you use appropriate words to explain the pictures and signs of Earth Day activities?How well have you done with the following?Tick the circles that best reflect your performance.Knowing how to select words when designing Ea

376、rth Day activitiesUnderstanding the main idea of the text by speed readingHaving confidence in making greater progress in learning EnglishExcellent Very Good Good Needs Improvement Useful expressions With Earth Day approaching,our group has designed some activities to celebrate it.The theme of our E

377、arth Day activities is.The activities are as follows.With the activities above,we are sure.Thank you for listening!85EXPANDING OUR HORIZONS4Top 6 Things You Can Do to HelpReduce Energy UseDevelop energy-saving habits.Make it a habit to turn off the lights as you leave a room.Turn off your computer a

378、nd electronic equipment when they are not in use.Make Every Drop CountSave water by fixing leaks and using low-flow shower heads and toilets.Try to take a speed shower.Turn off water while brushing teeth or shaving.Change the Way You Go outPut on your boots.Walk or bike whenever possible.Not only wi

379、ll you reduce your carbon footprint,but your overall health will improve,and you will save money on gas.RecycleMake recycling part of your daily routine.Recycle all packaging and consumer goods that you can.Aim to buy things with recyclable packaging.For certain things with large amounts of packagin

380、g,ask sellers if they can recycle or reuse it.Acting on climate change is everyones responsibility.Heres how you can do your part.86 UNIT 5 SAVE THE PLANETTalking about RecyclingPOST-READING QUESTIONS1In your opinion,what is the most practical way of saving energy?How can you put it into practice?2A

381、ccording to the text,how can you repurpose your used belongings?3Can you think of more ways to help?What are they?Marks father is a teacher in Bristol Creek High School.His school launches a new program with a focus on environmental protection.He thinks that everyone ought to do something to help pr

382、otect the planet.At home we can recycle things made of paper,plastic,metal,or glass,such as cans and bottles.Here is a dialogue between Mark and his father about recycling.RepurposeRather than recycling clothing and household goods,give them a chance at a second life.Gently used clothing can be dona

383、ted to charity or exchanged with friends and family.Old T-shirts can be repurposed into rags for cleaning.An old boot can be repurposed as a lovely garden planter.Household goods can be donated to charity or sold at a garage sale.By repurposing,the amount of waste being sent to landfill sites is red

384、uced,energy is saved because there is no need for recycling,and others benefit from your used things.PlantWhen gardening,select plants that are well suited to your climate and require less watering and attention.Better yet,plant a tree,and it will provide shade and take in carbon from the air.87 UNI

385、T 5 SAVE THE PLANETFather:Time to wake up,Mark.No sleeping in this morning!Mark:But Dad,its Saturday.I always like to sleep in on Saturday.Father:Not today.I need you to help me do the recycling.Mark:All right.Can I grab a quick bite to eat first?Im starving.Father:Of course.Mark:Dad,why do we bothe

386、r with recycling?It seems like a lot of work separating the cardboard from the cans,washing the glass containers,putting plastics in a separate container.Then we have to drive them all to the special blue boxes.Father:Thats taking care of our environment.Nowadays there are so many people throwing aw

387、ay so much rubbish that our landfills have a hard time keeping up.We have to cut down in order to protect the planet.Recycling changes rubbish into products that can be used again.Mark:Like what?Father:Well,cardboard is recycled into paper products,plastics are made into tires.And you know that the

388、jacket youre wearing right now its made from recycled plastic pop bottles!Mark:Yuck!Anyway,taking back the bottles is the best part of recycling.Father:How come?Mark:Because I get to keep the deposit money!POST-READING QUESTIONS1It is much easier to throw away waste than to sort it out into various

389、bins for recycling,but the effort is worthwhile.Do you agree or disagree with this statement?Why or why not?2What does it mean when Mark says“why do we bother with recycling”?What is his fathers opinion?3Some people suggest that we make recycling a must for all households.Do you agree?What are the b

390、enefits?What are the problems?landfill:an area of land where large amounts of waste material are buried under the earth QUICK CHECK!88 UNIT 5 SAVE THE PLANETThe Unity of Man and NatureThe Chinese believe in the unity of man and nature,a basic approach to their philosophy of life.In the cultural trad

391、ition of China,Taoism,Confucianism,and Buddhism all have the“unity of man and nature”as their foundation.Most of the popular festivals in China are joyous celebrations of nature while also working to build a right order of relationships among humans.The ancients never placed themselves above nature.

392、Zhuangzi,for example,claimed“Heaven and earth are parents to all things in the world”.The beauty of nature is to“give birth to all things”and“let all things grow”,while the duty of humans is to“perfect all things”.Heaven,earth,and humans should be one in unity.Each of the three has its own way.They

393、are complementary to each other,and should therefore treat each other with kindness.This idea of oneness of man and nature has been rooted in the heart of the Chinese people and inspires modern Chinese to take actions to protect the natural environment.In most provinces of China,some policies have b

394、een made to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.A smart,clean-electricity system that aims to deliver reliable and affordable power has been built.A large amount of power Zhuangzi was an influential Chinese philosopher who lived during the Warring States Period.89 UNIT 5 SAVE THE PLANETUnit ReflectionRe

395、view the whole unit and reflect on what you have learned.1 What are the major problems our planet is facing?What are the main causes of these problems?Can you list some man-made decisions that are harmful to the Earth?What can we do to stop them?2 What have you learned about Earth Day?Do you think E

396、arth Day will help save and protect our planet?What have you learned about clean energy?Do you think it will completely replace fossil fuels?Why or why not?3 We have only one planet to call home the Earth.What contribution can you,as high-school students,make to protect the environment and save the

397、Earth?POST-READING QUESTIONS1According to the text,what is the basic approach of the Chinese in their philosophy of life?2Can you give an example of the festival in China that is a joyous celebration of nature?3What actions do the Chinese take to protect the natural environment?from water,wind,and s

398、unlight are produced and exported to various neighbourhoods.The majority of the Chinese,especially the youth,have developed their environmental awareness and are willing to take part in environmental protection initiatives.China is now working with all other countries to make the Earth a better plac

399、e to live.More Connections The Earth Day Network now coordinates more than 190 countries globally in demonstrating the annual celebration.You can surf the Internet for more information,such as different themes and activities for the past years.Nature is suffering,and it needs a person that cares.But

400、 what can we do now to fix the damage that has been done?Laura Daltons The Earth is Dying and You Can Help to Save It provides more information on this topic.90APPENDICES91My Notes92UNIT 1 FAMILY Build Your Vocabulary A Replace the blue part in each sentence with a proper word or phrase.1Only by rea

401、ching the goal can people gain lasting peace.()2I have a big wish to teach after I graduate from college.()3The kid wanted to tell her friends about her trip by air.()4At the sound of the door bell,the dog rushed out for its master at once.()5The sports fans soon got around the champion.()6The child

402、ren were playing inside the house.()B Match the words with their explanations.1graduatea.something eaten between meals2referb.make plete a degree course successfully4surroundd.gain5earne.indicate6ensuref.get aroundC Complete the dialogue with the proper words in the box.A:The(1)_ that grew up in the

403、 1990s depend on their parents too much financially.By the way,how do you(2)_ them?B:Well,we call them the Boomerang Kids.Actually this is also a hot(3)_ in the U.S.I think its a big shame.A:Is that true?My neighbours son graduated from high school a few years ago and he refuses to get a job even af

404、ter his(4)_ with a girl.They have not been independent for a few years.His mother has to do(5)_ work to support the family.She works seven days a week.She always tells my parents that she misses her(6)_ relaxing days when her son was at school.She occasionally says with(7)_ that she can hardly bear

405、the burden.define generation marriage topic former tears extraWRAP IT UP!93WRAP IT UP!Grammar Grammar Makes SenseA Read the following sentences and identify what“who”,“whom”and“whose”refer to.1On New Years Eve,my grandparents are the ones whose health we always toast to._2To me,the family are the pe

406、ople who are always with me and give me a sense of belonging._3Every afternoon,my mother is the one whom we entrust with a good meal._B Write descriptions for the people in Column A by combining information from both Column B and C.Use the relative pronouns“who”,“whom”and“whose”to link the informati

407、on.See the example below to help you get started.1_.2_.3_.4_.5_.6_.ABC1Madam CuriephysicistShe first discovered radium.2Zhou Youguanglanguage expertHe was named“Father of Chinese Pinyin”.3Nan RendongengineerThe worlds largest telescope was founded by him.4ShakespearewriterHe wrote A Midsummer Nights

408、 Dream.5Mo YanwriterThe Nobel Prize for Literature was awarded to him in 2012.6Tu YouyouscientistHer discovery saved millions of people from malaria.Madam Curie is the physicist who first discovered radium94WRAP IT UP!UNIT 2 SCHOOL LIFE Build Your VocabularyA Write the corresponding adjective or adv

409、erb forms of the given words.B Replace the blue part in each sentence with a proper word.1Research shows that eating habits are changing fast.()2It has recently been broadcast that a new high school will be built in our community.()3Their goal is to produce as much milk as possible.()4I really had t

410、o stay on the farm for a whole summer.()5It rained heavily and thus the football match was put off.()C Fill in the blanks with the words youve learned in this unit.The first letter is given.1 I deleted many secret files from my computer s_ _ _ _ _.2Shes a lot like her friends;she is a t_ _ _ _ _ _ h

411、igh school girl.3In this program,students v_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ to take two years off after they graduate from university to go to the poorest schools to help teach young students.4With the holiday drawing near,I would like to take this time to r_ _ _ _ _ _ on my life so far,and the direction Im heading

412、in.5The a_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ for scholarship and student loan is usually a bit complicated.adj.adv.definitecapablyentirestronglyamazing95Grammar Grammar Makes SenseA Match the statements with the correct descriptions.1I am going to travel in Irelanda.whose name I have forgotten.2My favourite book is

413、 Three Days to Seeb.why I didnt go to school.3 I had a fever and that was the reason c.where I can find beautiful beaches.4That is Helens cousind.when clean energy is widely used.5Harry Potter is the charactere.which I have read several times.6Perhaps the day will come f.whom many young people like.

414、B Join the two sentences to make one sentence by using attributive clauses.1This is a pretty good school.I am studying in this school now._.2The day was September 1st.I came to this school on that day._.3The school has the most advanced teaching equipment.I came here for this reason._.4There are man

415、y kind and responsible teachers.They have helped me a lot with my study._.C Describe each picture by adding an attributive clause.The first one is done for you.1The reason is that we can share our stories with each other.The reason why we come to the club is that we can share our stories with each o

416、ther.2That old man is his grandfather.That old man _ is his grandfather.3This is our new library.This is our new library _.4I like Sundays.I like Sundays _.WRAP IT UP!123496WRAP IT UP!UNIT 3 BE ACTIVE AND HEALTHY!Build Your VocabularyA Freddie is writing an email,but he is not sure about the words h

417、e is using.Help him circle the correct words in brackets.Dear Alice,How are things going?Recently,I read a book on physical(sports;activity)and health.I never realized how dangerous it could be to have a(n)(inactive;lazy)lifestyle.Now I know how important sufficient physical activity is:The heart is

418、 a(muscle;part).The heart is about as big as my fist.Its job is to pump blood throughout my body.Blood carries(energy;oxygen)for my body to use.The more I move or exercise,the more oxygen my body needs,which makes my heart pump (sooner;faster).To keep my heart strong,I must exercise(usually;regularl

419、y)and eat healthy foods.I wanted to share this with you because I think its important to know.Always wishing you good health and happiness!All the best,FreddieB Match the words with their explanations.1 sufficient2concentrate3concern4boxing5champion6escape7audience8 flexiblea.to get awayb.enough to

420、meet the needs of a situationc.a group of listeners or spectators d.a person,team,etc.that has won a competition,especially in a sport e.able to bend easily without breakingf.to focus ones attention or mental effort on a particular object or activityg.the sport or practice of fighting with the fists

421、h.to be about sth.;to worry sb.97WRAP IT UP!Grammar Grammar Makes SenseA Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words in brackets.1The park is a good place _(go)on weekends.2I have some jeans _(wash).3 The flowers _(plant)in this garden this afternoon are perennials.4Do you mind _(close)th

422、e window?Its too cold today.5 He is always the first _(arrive)for a meeting.6He hurried to the station,only _(find)the train had left.B Combine the two sentences into one by using the infinitive.1She was brave.She spent the night in the old house alone._.2They got there.They only found nothing left.

423、_.3He studies very hard.He wants to make rapid progress._.4The middle-aged man does a lot of exercise every day.He wants to reduce weight._.5Keep your wallet in a safe place.Avoid losing it._.C Match the clauses with the infinitive phrases.It made me angryI have lot of homeworkHe doesnt know howHe r

424、aised his voiceHe has made up his mindOne important thing for our health isto quit smoking.to make himself heard.to wait for her for a long time.to get sufficient physical activity.to fix the machine.to do.98WRAP IT UP!UNIT 4 WAVES OF TECHNOLOGY Build Your VocabularyA Circle the proper word for each

425、 blank and complete the sentences.Across1The population shows an increase of 10 _ over last year.2When did people actually begin to read the news on _ devices?3She was good at physics _ the fact that she found it boring.4From his _ on the mountain top,he had a good view of the city.Down5Sorry,I left

426、 my _ card at home.Can I pay in cash?6 How to _ the quality of products was a difficult problem to him.7The problem with nuclear _ is dealing with the waste.8It was a cold autumn night and the rain drummed loudly on the _ roof.B Read the passage about mobile phone applications and complete it with t

427、he correct forms of the words in the box.There are two words you dont need.A smart phone is almost a must nowadays in ones daily life.(1)_ on a smart mobile phone are much like the software on a(2)_ computer.Some are(3)_ to be installed by the(4)_ that produces the phone.Their(5)_ depend on whether

428、the mobile phone is powerful and wise enough to accident adapt addicted application argument company confirm featureperformance position recommend laptop qpositionwedespitedigitalgnfmaczmadehpercentrjrkepttpgooudlaetypvbihlrifrevtrange99WRAP IT UP!prevent(6)_ like breaking down while functioning.Som

429、e people(7)_ that some recommended apps make kids(8)_ to some kinds of games.They prefer mobile phones that(9)_ a clean system,without any other apps.If apps are recommended,the user should have the access to confirming or canceling the installation.Normally,popular and widely-used apps are wise eno

430、ugh to(10)_ to the habit of the users,putting themselves in a very strong position to win the customers favour.Grammar Grammar Makes SenseGive definitions for the items in Column A by combining information from Column B and C.The first one is done for you.1A computer is an electronic machine storing

431、 information and using programs to help people find,organize,or change the information.2_3_4_5_6_7_ABCcomputera computer systemstore information and use programs to help people find,organize,or change the informationspaceshipan electronicmachinemove and do some of the work in place of a person,usual

432、ly controlled by a computermobile phonea machinefly in outer space and carry people or goods through spaceInterneta vehiclemake and receive telephone calls over a radio link while moving aroundrobota deviceallow millions of computer users around the world to exchange informationmobile paymenta payme

433、nt cardallow a consumer to use a mobile phone to pay instead of paying in cash or with credit cardscredit cardthe paymentservice allow the holder to pay on the holders promise to pay later.100WRAP IT UP!UNIT 5 SAVE THE PLANET Build Your VocabularyA Match the words with their explanations.B Replace t

434、he blue part in each sentence with a proper word or phrase.1Speaking outside Ten Downing Street,she officially stated that she would fight on.()2Though he is not very rich,he frequently gives away large sums to charity.()3He made many young people have the desire to take up the sport.()4Six popular

435、bands have been chosen to take part in the music festival.()C Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words in the box.There is one word you dont need.The extreme weather around the world recently worries people a lot,such as hurricanes,floods,(1)_ and other natural disasters.It is an(2)_ s

436、et by nature.So we should(3)_ the fact that the Earth is being polluted and we should try to find the(4)_ to the problems.More and more studies prove that global warming is the result of(5)_ gas emissions.However,not everyone is aware of the change in the(6)_ and some still attempt to destroy the Ea

437、rth.Perhaps we have gotten to a(7)_ where we need government(8)_ to protect the environment.Facing such a case of urgency,all of us should join hands to take action before its too late to act.floodinsect attack smog drought carbon emission a.dirty air that looks like a mixture of smoke and fogb.a lo

438、ng period of dry weather when there is not enough water for plants and animals to live onc.if a place floods or sth.floods it,it becomes filled or covered with water d.the release of carbon e.a disaster of too many insects,threatening or damaging cropsclimate drought alarm solution attempt stage pol

439、icy admit greenhouse101WRAP IT UP!Grammar Grammar Makes SenseA Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs.1However,the consumption of fossil fuels is alarmingly high,_(cause)serious environmental issues such as air pollution and global warming.2Each year,the theme of Earth Day will vary

440、_(depend)on the most pressing environmental issues of the time.3When _(burn)fossil fuels for energy,humans add more carbon dioxide into greenhouse gases.4With more and more forests _(disappear),more animals are becoming endangered.B Describe the pictures with the v-ing form.C Complete the passage wi

441、th the correct forms of the verbs.We live on planet Earth.The planet provides us with everything we need to live.We should save our planet(1)_(ensure)that future generations will have a chance to enjoy this planet too.There are many things we can do(2)_(save)our planet.Save electricity.We all know n

442、atural resources are(3)_(limit).We can save electricity by(4)_(turn)off the lights when they are not in use.Or we can switch to fans instead of air conditioners in the summer.Save water.Water is life.Every(5)_(live)thing on the planet needs water.(6)_(save)water means not wasting it.Only use the amo

443、unt you need,(7)_(keep)the rest of the water clean and unpolluted.When we save water,we do so both for our generation and future generations.Stop global warming.One of the biggest issues(8)_(face)us right now is global warming.Its effects on animals are(9)_(frighten),but the effects on human being a

444、re even scarier.1(sit,watch)3(walk,telephone)2(jog,listen)4(take,read)102PRONUNCIATION单词重音 word stress音节是读音的基本单位，是含有一个响亮音素的声音片段。一个元音音素可构成一个音节，一个元音音素和一个或几个辅音音素结合也可以构成一个音节。一般说来，辅音发音不响亮，不能单独构成音节（/m/、/n/、/l/例外）。1 由一个音节构成的单词称为单音节词。单音节词总是重读，音标中不标出重音符号。例如：2 由两个音节构成的单词称为双音节词。由三个及三个以上音节构成的单词称为多音节词，在双音节或多音节词中

445、，总有一个音节读得重而强（重读音节），其余的音节读得轻而弱。重读音节用符号/表示。例如：3 有的单词有两个重读音节，包括一个重读音节，一个次重读音节，次重读音节用符号/表示。例如：句子重音 sentence stress 在英语口语中，除了单词中有重音外，英语的句子中也存在重音。句子中重音的功能一般有两种：第一种是为了强调说话人意在强调的内容，突出所要表达的重点。第二种是为句子的节奏感和韵律感服务。句子重音一般遵循实词重读、虚词弱读的原则。实词包括名词、动词、形容词、副词、指示代词、感叹词、疑问词、数词和多音节介词和连词等。虚词包括人称代词、系动词、助动词、情态动词、单音节的介词和连词、冠词等

446、。例如：语调 tone说话或朗读时声音的抑扬称为语调，英语句子的语调通常分为升调和降调两种。升调或降调都从句子中最后一个重读元音开始。一般遵循以下规则：103PRONUNCIATION 一般疑问句用升调。省略句表示疑问用升调。陈述句用降调。特殊疑问句用降调。选择疑问句中，or前面的部分用升调，后面的部分用降调。列举事物时，and前面的部分用升调，后面的部分用降调。节奏 rhythm英语是一种节奏感较强的语言，其节奏是由重音与轻音的组合与重复来体现的。英语的节奏就是句子的重音在句子中有规律地出现。一个重音与其他轻音构成一个节奏群，每个节奏群需用大致相同的时间来完成。所以为了真正取得节奏效果，碰到

447、轻音较少的节奏时，就可以说慢些，非重读音较多的节奏群则必须说快一些。例如：以下句子都包含三个重音，所以它们说出来所需要的时间应该大致相等。朗读诗歌时也要注意突出节奏感。例如：104Unit 1VOCABULARY 105VOCABULARY Unit 2106VOCABULARY Unit 3Unit 4107VOCABULARY Unit 5108VOCABULARY 109VOCABULARY 110VOCABULARY 111VOCABULARY 112VOCABULARY 113VOCABULARY 114VOCABULARY 115LIST OF PROPER NAMES116LIS

448、T OF PROPER NAMES117GRAMMARwho、whom、whose引导的定语从句attributive clauses with“who”,“whom”and“whose”一、概念英语中，用作定语修饰名词（或代词）的从句称为定语从句，被修饰的词称为先行词。引导定语从句的关系词分为关系代词和关系副词。常见的关系代词除了that和which外，还有who、whom和whose。关系代词who、whom和whose在定语从句中一般作主语、宾语、表语或定语。二、用法1 关系代词who引导定语从句，先行词一般是“人”，who在定语从句中常作主语；非正式文体中，who也可以作宾语或表语。例

449、如：She was the one who did most of the talking.He laughs best who laughs last.He is my familys key person who always keeps us close.To me,a family refers to the people who are always with me and give me a sense of belonging.2 关系代词whom引导定语从句，先行词一般是“人”，whom在定语从句中作宾语或表语，常常可以省略。例如：In my family,my father

450、is the person(whom)I admire most.The boy(whom/who)we saw yesterday was one of Johns classmates.Peter is no longer the person(whom/that)he used to be.3 关系代词whose引导定语从句，先行词可以是“人”，也可以是“物”；whose在从句中作定语，相当于一个物主代词，意为“的”。例如：My father is truly an admirable person whose advice is always worth following.They

451、rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.Can you show me the classroom whose window is broken?The other day,I borrowed a novel from the library whose cover was worn out.4 当主句中已有特殊疑问词who，意为“谁”时，先行词是“人”，经常用关系代词that代替who引导的定语从句，以免发生混淆。例如：Who is the person that is standing over there?when、w

452、here、why引导的定语从句attributive clauses with“when”,“where”and“why”一、概念英语中，用作定语修饰名词（或代词）的从句称为定语从句，被修饰的词称为先行词。118定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。引导定语从句的关系词分为关系代词和关系副词。常见的关系副词包括where、when、why等。关系副词在定语从句中作状语，一般不可省略。二、用法1 先行词为表示“地点”的名词，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，常用关系副词where引导定语从句。例如：Is there a supermarket around where we can get fruit?Th

453、is is the town where I was born.2 先行词为表示“时间”的名词，关系词在定语从句中作时间状语，常用关系副词when引导定语从句。例如：October 1st,1949 was the day when the Peoples Republic of China was founded.I still remember the days when we worked together.3 先行词是reason，关系词在定语从句中作原因状语，常用关系副词why引导定语从句。例如：Give me one good reason why I should help yo

454、u.These are the reasons why we do it.4 当先行词是表示“地点、时间或原因”的名词，但关系词在从句中作主语、宾语或表语，不作“状语”时，用关系代词that或which。例如：April 1st is the day that/which is called April Fools Day in the West.Is this the factory(that/which)we visited last week?This is the reason(that/which)he told me when he was late.动词不定式the infini

455、tive 一、概念动词不定式是“非谓语动词”形式之一，其构成一般为“to+动词原形”，在句中起名词、形容词或副词的作用，同时也保留着动词的一些特征，可以有自己的宾语或状语。二、用法1 不定式作定语 不定式作定语一般与被修饰词之间构成动宾关系。因此，如果这个不定式是不及物动词，它后面应有必要的介词。例如：He has a lot of work to do today.She is a nice person to work with.有些抽象名词后常可用不定式作定语。如：ability、desire、need、wish、attempt、failure、opportunity、chance、in

456、tention等名词。例如：GRAMMAR119She was unhappy because of her failure to answer the question correctly.Physical activities can develop a young persons ability to interact socially.不定式修饰something、noting、someone、no one、anyone等不定代词。例如：When I travel,I always take something to read.He was alone.He had no one to

457、 talk to.不定式作定语多表示将来的动作。例如：In the lecture to follow,she will give us some information about the situation in Africa.2 不定式作状语 不定式作状语多表示目的，也表示结果、原因等。例如：I stopped the car to take a short break as I was feeling tired.（目的）He woke up later,only to find everybody gone.（结果）I am so excited to be here!（原因）不定式

458、可用在作表语用的形容词（或过去分词）后面作状语，说明产生这种情绪的原因或是在哪方面存在谓语表示的情况等。能用在这类结构中的形容词和过去分词很多，例如：happy、lucky、surprised、frightened、sorry、glad、proud、disappointed、angry、right、anxious、clever、wrong等。动词的-ing形式the v-ing form一、概念动词的-ing形式是非谓语动词形式之一，相当于形容词和副词时，在句子中可以作定语、表语、补语和状语；相当于名词时，表示一项活动或动作，可以作主语、宾语、表语或定语。动词的-ing形式由“动词原形+ing

459、”构成。二、用法1 相当于形容词，在句子中作表语、宾语补足语或主语补足语，说明主语或宾语的性质和状态；作定语，说明被修饰词的性质或状态。例如：The film they saw yesterday was very moving and interesting.（表语）Theyre sorry to find the speech boring.（宾语补足语）We were all shocked by the surprising news.（定语）2 相当于名词，在句子中作主语、宾语或表语，表示一项活动；作定语，说明被修饰词的用途或目的。例如：Teaching is more than g

460、iving students a lesson.（主语和表语）Seeing is believing.（主语和表语）Do you like swimming or skating?（宾语）Instead of paying in cash,a consumer can use a mobile device to pay for a wide range of services and goods.（宾语）GRAMMAR120GRAMMARThe travellers are expecting their flight patiently in the waiting room.（定语）3

461、保留自身“动词”特征，表示相关名词（或代词）所做的“动作”，与被修饰词是主动关系，常与谓语动词同时发生，在句子中可以作定语、状语、宾语补足语或主语补足语等。例如：A smart phone may be the best device for someone simply communicating with others or having fun.（定语）Smart phones have not yet turned into devices replacing laptops and desktops.（定语）He kept us waiting at the gate.（宾语补足语）

462、A group of children went out of the school,singing and laughing.（状语）The missing boy was last seen playing on the riverbank.（主语补足语）动词的-ing形式作状语the v-ing form as adverbial一、概念动词的-ing形式短语作状语时，通常表示主语正在进行的另一个动作，来对谓语表示的主要动作加以修饰或作为陪衬。动词的-ing形式作状语，通常相当于一个状语从句，或者一个并列分句，动词的-ing形式的逻辑主语与句子的主语相同。二、用法1 动词的-ing形式可

463、以用作状语来修饰句子的谓语动词，表示谓语动词发生的时间、原因、条件、结果、方式或伴随情况等。例如：Seeing those photos,she remembered her former classmates.（时间状语）Being so poor in those days,my parents couldnt afford to buy a house.（原因状语）Taking the shortest route,we may come across a traffic jam.（条件状语）He came running all the way.（方式状语）His father die

464、d,leaving him a lot of money.（结果状语）2 动词的-ing形式的一般式表示其动作正在进行或与谓语动词的动作同时发生；动词的-ing形式的完成式表示其动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前。例如：Walking down the street,he heard someone calling him.Having arrived at the company,they immediately set to work.动词的-ing形式的主动式表示其逻辑主语是动词的-ing形式动作的执行者；动词的-ing形式的被动式表示其逻辑主语是动词的-ing形式动作的承受者。例如：Hear

465、ing the news,they all jumped with joy.Having been warned again and again,he finally made up his mind to give up smoking.3 动词的-ing形式的否定式，一般在其前面加not。例如：Not knowing how to pronounce the word correctly,I went to my English teacher for help.121Not having received a reply,he decided to write to the compan

466、y once again.4 动词的-ing形式短语作状语时，其逻辑主语一般与句子主语一致。但是，有时动词的-ing形式有自己的主语（逻辑主语），或者动词的-ing形式的动作与句子的主语无关，此种结构称为“独立结构”，有逻辑主语的称为“独立主格结构”，用来加强语气，表示时间、条件、原因等。So many people living in poverty at present,it may appear as though protecting nature is a luxury.Weather permitting,well go to the park this weekend.Gener

467、ally speaking,kids are curious about the world.GRAMMAR122Irregular verbs 不规则动词Infinitive Past tense Past participlearisearosearisenawakeawokeawokenbe(am/is/are)was/werebeenbeatbeatbeatenbecomebecamebecomebeginbeganbegunbendbentbentbetbetbetbitebitbittenblowblewblownbreakbrokebrokenbringbroughtbrough

468、tbuildbuiltbuiltburnburnt/burnedburnt/burnedbuyboughtboughtcancouldcastcastcastcatchcaughtcaughtchoosechosechosencomecamecomecostcostcostcutcutcutdealdealtdealtdigdugdugdodiddonedrawdrewdrawnIRREGULAR VERBS123dreamdreamt/dreameddreamt/dreameddrinkdrankdrunkdrivedrovedriveneatateeatenfallfellfallenfe

469、edfedfedfeelfeltfeltfight fought foughtfind found foundfly flew flownforbidforbadeforbiddenforeseeforesawforeseenforgetforgotforgottenforgiveforgaveforgivenfreezefrozefrozengetgotgotgivegavegivengowentgonegrowgrewgrownhanghung/hangedhung/hangedhave/hashadhadhearheardheardhidehidhiddenhithithitholdhe

470、ldheldhurthurthurtkeepkeptkeptknowknewknownlaylaidlaidleadledledInfinitive Past tense Past participleIRREGULAR VERBS124IRREGULAR VERBSInfinitive Past tense Past participlelearnlearnt/learnedlearnt/learnedleaveleftleftlendlentlentletletletlielaylainlightlit/lightedlit/lightedloselostlostmakemademadem

471、aymightmeanmeantmeantmeetmetmetmistakemistookmistakenmisunderstandmisunderstoodmisunderstoodpaypaidpaidproveprovedproved/provenputputputquitquit/quittedquit/quittedreadreadreadrebuildrebuiltrebuiltretellretoldretoldridridridrideroderiddenriseroserisenrunranrunsaysaidsaidseesawseenseeksoughtsoughtsel

472、lsoldsoldsendsentsentsetsetset125IRREGULAR VERBSInfinitive Past tense Past participlesewsewedsewn/sewedshakeshookshakenshallshouldshineshone/shinedshone/shinedshootshotshotshowshowedshownshutshutshutsingsangsungsinksanksunksitsatsatsleepsleptsleptslideslidslidsmellsmelt/smelledsmelt/smelledsowsoweds

473、own/sowedspeakspokespokenspellspelt/spelledspelt/spelledspendspentspentspinspunspunspitspat/spitspat/spitspreadspreadspreadstandstoodstoodstealstolestolenstickstuckstuckstrikestruckstruck/strickensweepsweptsweptswellswelledswollenswimswamswumswingswungswungtaketooktakenteachtaughttaught126teartoretorntelltoldtoldthinkthoughtthoughtthrowthrewthrownunderstandunderstoodunderstoodwakewoke wokenwearworewornweavewovewovenwillwouldwinwonwonwritewrotewrittenInfinitive Past tense Past participleIRREGULAR VERBS127