2022年高考英语真题完全解读（全国乙卷）（真题解读）.docx

1、2022高考英语真题深度解读（全国卷1） 真题解读：试卷导航听力话题形式词数1搭便车下车短对话182通宵赶项目短对话183寻找安静谈话地点短对话184糟心的邻居家的狗短对话115饭店订桌短对话176晚上聚餐安排长对话347公司搬迁计划长对话568艺术家采访长对话829平衡打工与学习长对话7510一个运动员的经历自述独白98语篇话题体裁词数阅读理解A画家亨利雷伯恩爵士展览 应用文202+85阅读理解BDorothy Wickenden的书籍书评321+122阅读理解C“空中之眼”的技术应用于无人机说明文320+142阅读理解D征收的糖税来解决青少年儿童健康问题说明文325+127阅读七选五五种维

2、系异地友谊的方法应用文247+76完形填空孩子们捉迷藏时坚持相互承认和尊重说明文276+184语法填空中国商会博物馆所庆祝第一个国际茶日说明文242短文改错骑自行车的好处议论文97书面表达Learning English Beyond the Classroom应用文100(左右)第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7. 5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读

3、下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例: How much is the shirt?A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15. 答案是C。1. What does the man want to do? A. Have breakfast. B. Take a walk. C. Call his office. 2. What was George doing last night? A. Having a meeting. B. Flying home. C. Working on a project. 3. Why does the man suggest going to the

4、park? A. Its big. B. Its quiet. C. Its new. 4. How does the woman sound? A. Annoyed. B. Pleased. C. Puzzled. 5. Where is the mans table? A. Near the door. B. By the window. C. In the corner. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小

5、题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. What are the speakers going to do tonight? A. Eat out. B. Go shopping. C. Do sports. 7. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Boss and secretary. B. Hostess and guest. C. Husband and wife. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8. Why does the woman think July

6、is the best time to move? A. Their business is slow. B. The weather is favorable. C. Its easy to hire people. 9. How will they handle the moving? A. Finish it all at once. B. Have the sales section go first. C. Do one department at a time. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10. What did Peter learn from his grandfath

7、er? A. How to appreciate art works. B. How to deal with artists. C. How to run a museum. 11. What did Peter do in Chicago? A. He studied at a college. B. He served in the army. C. He worked in a gallery. 12. Whose works did Peter like best? A. Rembrandts. B. Botticellis. C. Rubens. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

8、13. Where does the conversation take place? A. At a library. B. In a law firm. C. On a train. 14. By what time did John plan to finish his term paper? A. March. B. August. C. October. 15. Why did John quit his part-time job? A. He had to catch up with his study. B. He was offered a better one. C. He

9、 got tired of it. 16. What is Susans attitude to Johns problem? A. Carefree. B. Understanding. C. Forgiving. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. What did the speaker do before the year 2012? A. A fitness coach. B. A chess player. C. A marathon runner. 18. Why was the 2016 Olympics important for the speaker? A. He

10、 was motivated by Bolt. B. He broke a world record. C. He won fifth place. 19. Which is the hardest for the speaker? A. Getting over an injury. B. Doing strength training. C. Representing Botswana. 20. What is the speaker mainly talking about? A. His plan to go for the gold.B. His experience on the

11、track.C. His love for his home country. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）AHenry Raeburn（1756-1823）The ExhibitionThis exhibition of some sixty masterpieces celebrating the life and work of Scotlands best loved painter, Sir Henry Raeburn, comes to London. Selected from collections throughout the world, it is the f

12、irst major exhibition of his work to be held in over forty years. Lecture SeriesScottish National Portrait（肖像画）Gallery presents a series of lectures for the general public. They are held in the Lecture Room. Admission to lectures is free. An Introduction to RaeburnSunday 26 Oct., 15.00DUNCAN THOMSON

13、Raeburns English ContemporariesThursday 30 Oct., 13.10JUDY EGERTONCharacters and Characterisation in Raeburns PortraitsThursday 6 Nov., 13.10NICHOLAS PHILLIPSONRaeburn and Artists Training in the 18th CenturyThursday 13 Nov., 13.10MARTIN POSTLEExhibition TimesMonday-Saturday 10.0017.45 Sunday 12.001

14、7.45Last admission to the exhibition: 17.15. There is no re-admission. Closed: 2426 December and 1 January. Admission4. Children under 12 years accompanied by an adult are admitted free. Schools and CollegesA special low entrance charge of f2 per person is available to all in full-time education, up

15、 to and including those at first degree level, in organised groups with teachers. 21. What is the right time for attending Raeburns English Contemporaries? A. Sun. 26 Oct. B. Thurs. 30 Oct. C. Thurs. 6 Nov. D. Thurs.13 Nov. 22. How much would a couple with two children under 12 pay for admission? A.

16、 4. B. 8. C. 12. D. 16. 23. How can full-time students get group discounts? A. They should go on Sunday mornings. B. They should come from art schools. C. They must be led by teachers. D. They must have ID cards with them. 语篇解读关键词 Scottish National Portrait Gallery，Sir Henry Raeburn主旨概要主要介绍了为纪念苏格兰最受

17、欢迎的画家亨利雷伯恩爵士进行的展览的相关情况。百科知识雷伯恩 (1756-1823年) 亨利雷伯恩，年幼父母双亡,沦为孤儿，早年跟一金饰匠学艺，开始画细密画，后转师于爱丁堡画家大卫马丁。28岁时在伦敦认识雷诺兹，受其艺术深刻影响。次年赴意大利考察学习两年，这时已形成自己的艺术个性，31岁重回爱丁堡建立自己的画室，接受肖像订件，到59岁才成为皇家美术学院院士，66岁被英王乔治四世授予爵士称号，聘为苏格兰御用画家。语言知识重难点词Masterpieces代表作，available可得，重难点词块 a series of lectures一系列讲座，the general public公众，acco

18、mpanied by陪同长难句A special low entrance charge of f2 per person is available to all in full-time education, up to and including those at first degree level, in organised groups with teachers. 所有全日制学生，包括学士学位以下的学生，都可以以有组织的教师团体的形式，享受每人2英镑的特别低入学费。【答案】21. B 22. B 23. C【解析】【21题详解】细节理解题。根据表格右上角Raeburns Engli

19、sh Contemporaries部分“Thursday 30 Oct. (10月30日星期四)”可知，在10月30日星期四可以去参加Raeburns English Contemporaries。故选B项。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据Admission部分“4. Children under 12 years accompanied by an adult are admitted free.(4英镑。12岁以下儿童在一位成人陪同下免费入场。)”可知，一对夫妇应付4+4=8英镑，两个12岁以下的儿童在成人陪同下免费，即入场费为8英镑。故选B项。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“A s

20、pecial low entrance charge of 2 per person is available to all in full-time education, up to and including those at first degree level, in organised groups with teachers.(所有全日制教育的学生，高至并包括那些学士学位水平的学生，在有教师的组织团体中，均可享受每人2英镑的特别低入场费。)”可知，全日制学生在有教师的组织团体中，可以获得折扣，即他们必须由教师带领。故选C项。BIn 1916, two girls of wealth

21、y families, best friends from Auburn, N. Y.Dorothy Woodruff and Rosamond Underwoodtraveled to a settlement in the Rocky Mountains to teach in a one-room schoolhouse. The girls had gone to Smith College. They wore expensive clothes. So for them to move to Elkhead, Colo. to instruct the children whose

22、 shoes were held together with string was a surprise. Their stay in Elkhead is the subject of Nothing Daunted: The Unexpected Education of Two Society Girls in the West by Dorothy Wickenden, who is a magazine editor and Dorothy Woodruffs granddaughter. Why did they go then? Well, they wanted to do s

23、omething useful. Soon, however, they realized what they had undertaken. They moved in with a local family, the Harrisons, and, like them, had little privacy, rare baths, and a blanket of snow on their quilt when they woke up in the morning. Some mornings, Rosamond and Dorothy would arrive at the sch

24、oolhouse to find the children weeping from the cold. In spring, the snow was replaced by mud over ice. In Wickendens book, she expanded on the history of the West and also on feminism, which of course influenced the girls decision to go to Elkhead. A hair-raising section concerns the building of the

25、 railroads, which entailed（牵涉）drilling through the Rockies, often in blinding snowstorms. The book ends with Rosamond and Dorothys return to Auburn. Wickenden is a very good storyteller. The sweep of the land and the stoicism（坚忍）of the people move her to some beautiful writing. Here is a picture of

26、Dorothy Woodruff, on her horse, looking down from a hill top: When the sun slipped behind the mountains, it shed a rosy glow all around them. Then a full moon rose. The snow was marked only by small animals: foxes, coyotes, mice, and varying hares, which turned white in the winter.24. Why did Doroth

27、y and Rosamond go to the Rocky Mountains? A. To teach in a school. B. To study American history. C. To write a book. D. To do sightseeing. 25. What can we learn about the girls from paragraph 3? A. They enjoyed much respect. B. They had a room with a bathtub. C. They lived with the local kids. D. Th

28、ey suffered severe hardships. 26. Which part of Wickendens writing is hair-raising? A. The extreme climate of Auburn. B. The living conditions in Elkhead. C. The railroad building in the Rockies. D. The natural beauty of the West. 27. What is the text? A. A news report. B. A book review. C. A childr

29、ens story. D. A diary entry. 语篇解读关键词Dorothy Woodruff and Rosamond Underwood， Nothing Daunted: The Unexpected Education of Two Society Girls in the West by主旨概要本文简要介绍了Dorothy Wickenden的书籍并对其进行了评价。百科知识语言知识重难点词Undertake承担，从事；entailed牵涉；stoicism坚忍重难点词块Rocky Mountains落基山脉；The sweep of 连绵一片； a blanket of一大

30、批，一大片长难句Wickenden is a very good storyteller. The sweep of the land and the stoicism（坚忍）of the people move her to some beautiful writing.Wickenden 很会讲故事。大地的辽阔和人民的坚忍不拔使她写出了一些优美的文字。When the sun slipped behind the mountains, it shed a rosy glow all around them. Then a full moon rose. The snow was marke

31、d only by small animals: foxes, coyotes, mice, and varying hares, which turned white in the winter.“当太阳落到山后，它散发出玫瑰色的光芒。然后一轮满月升起。雪上只有一些小动物: 狐狸、土狼、老鼠和各种各样的野兔，它们在冬天变成了白色。”【答案】24. A 25. D 26. C 27. B【解析】【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“In 1916, two girls of wealthy families, best friends from Auburn, N.Y.-Dorothy Woo

32、druff and Rosamond Underwood -traveled to a settlement in the Rocky Mountains to teach in a one-room schoolhouse. (1916年，来自纽约奥本市的两个富裕家庭的女孩Dorothy Woodruff和Rosamond Underwood来到落基山脉的一个定居点，在一间只有一个房间的学校教书。)”可知，Dorothy和Rosamond去落基山脉是为了去学校里教书。故选A项。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“They moved in with a local family, the

33、Harrisons, and like them, had little privacy, rare baths, and a blanket of snow on their quilt when they woke up in the morning.(他们和一个当地家庭，哈里森一家一起搬进去，和他们一样，几乎没有隐私，很少洗澡，早上醒来时被子上覆盖着一层雪。)”以及“In spring, the snow was replaced by mud over ice.(在春天，雪被泥替代覆盖在冰上。)”可知，女孩们的生活条件非常艰苦，她们饱受磨难。故选D项。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数

34、第二段“A hair-raising section concerns the building of the railroads, which entailed drilling through the Rockies, often in blinding snowstorms.(令人毛骨悚然的一段与铁路建设有关，这涉及到在令人眩目的暴风雪中钻穿落基山脉。)”可知，Wickenden的作品中涉及落基山脉的铁路建设这一部分是令人毛骨悚然的。故选C项。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The book ends with Rosamond and Dorothys return to A

35、uburn.(这本书以Rosamond和Dorothy回到奥本结束。)”以及最后一段“Wickenden is a very good storyteller. The sweep of the land and the stoicism of the people move her to some beautiful writing.( Wickenden是个很好的讲故事的人。大地的辽阔和人们的坚忍使她创作出了一些美丽的作品。)”可知，本文简要介绍了Wickenden的书籍内容，并对其进行了评价，所以文本是一篇书评。故选B项。CCan a small group of drones（无人机）

36、guarantee the safety and reliability of railways and, at the same time, help railway operators save billions of euros each year? That is the very likely future of applying todays eyes in the sky technology to making sure that the millions of kilometres of rail tracks and infrastructure（基础设施）worldwid

37、e are safe for trains on a 24/7 basis. Drones are already being used to examine high-tension electrical lines. They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct position of railway tracks and switching points. The more

38、regularly they can be inspected, the more railway safety, reliability and on-time performance will be improved. Costs would be cut and operations would be more efficient（高效）across the board. That includes huge savings in maintenance costs and better protection of railway personnel safety. It is calc

39、ulated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, often at night, to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure. That can be dangerous work that could be avoided with drones assisting the crews efforts. By using the l

40、atest technologies, drones could also start providing higher-value services for railways, detecting faults in the rail or switches, before they can cause any safety problems. To perform these tasks, drones for rail dont need to be flying overhead. Engineers are now working on a new concept: the rail

41、 drones of the future. They will be moving on the track ahead of the train, and programmed to run autonomously. Very small drones with advanced sensors and AI and travelling ahead of the train could guide it like a co-pilot. With their ability to see ahead, they could signal any problem, so that fas

42、t-moving trains would be able to react in time. 28. What makes the application of drones to rail lines possible? A. The use of drones in checking on power lines. B. Drones ability to work at high altitudes. C. The reduction of cost in designing drones. D. Drones reliable performance in remote areas.

43、 29. What does maintenance underlined in paragraph 3 refer to? A. Personnel safety. B. Assistance from drones. C. Inspection and repair. D. Construction of infrastructure. 30. What function is expected of the rail drones? A. To provide early warning. B. To make trains run automatically. C. To earn p

44、rofits for the crews. D. To accelerate transportation. 31. Which is the most suitable title for the text? A. What Faults Can Be Detected with DronesB. How Production of Drones Can Be ExpandedC. What Difficulty Drone Development Will FaceD. How Drones Will Change the Future of Railways语篇解读关键词Drones，t

45、he safety and reliability of railways主旨概要应用今天的“空中之眼”的技术，无人机能在保证铁路安全可靠的同时又能帮助铁路运营商每年节省数十亿欧元。百科知识无人机自动机场按照公路路网沿线有序部署，依照平台预设的任务计划，无人机自主起飞，遵循云管控平台规划的巡检航线，开展巡检任务，任务完成后自动降落回收，全流程可无需人工干预。得益于图像分割与识别技术，无人机可对路面进行精准定位，采集的图像实时传输至云端AI识别系统，自主识别道路落石、路面损坏、山体滑坡等异常事件，输出公路安全风险评估报告。语言知识重难点词drones无人机；infrastructure基础设施；

46、重难点词块That is the very likely . 很有可能.；high-tension electrical lines高压电线；on a 24/7 basis每周7天、每天24小时运行长难句By using the latest technologies, drones could also start providing higher-value services for railways, detecting faults in the rail or switches, before they can cause any safety problems. 通过使用最新的技术

47、，无人机还可以开始为铁路提供更高价值的服务，检测铁路或道岔的故障，以免引起任何安全问题【答案】28. A 29. C 30. B 31. D【解析】【28题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Drones are already being used to examine high-tension electrical lines. They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct po

48、sition of railway tracks and switching points.(无人机已经被用于检查高压电线。他们完全可以做同样的事情来检查铁路线路和铁路基础设施的其他重要方面，如铁路轨道和换乘点的正确位置)”可知使用无人机检查电力线路使无人机应用于铁路线路成为可能。故选A。【29题详解】词义猜测题。根据后文“It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance, including sending maintenance s

49、taff, often at night, to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure. (据统计，仅欧洲铁路公司每年在铁路维护上的花费就约为200亿欧元，其中包括经常在夜间派遣维修人员检查和维修铁路基础设施)”可知花在maintenance上的费用是用于“inspect and repair the rail infrastructure （检查和维修铁路基础设施”，由此可知“That includes huge savings in maintenance costs and better protection of railway pers

50、onnel safety”是指大幅节省检修成本和更好地保护铁路人员安全，划线词和 C项：Inspection and repair(检修)含义相近。故选C。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段 “Engineers are now working on a new concept: the rail drones of the future. They will be moving on the track ahead of the train, and programmed to run autonomously(工程师们现在正在研究一个新概念:未来的铁路无人机。它们将在列车前方的轨道

51、上运行，并被设定为自动运行)”可知铁路无人机有望让火车自动运行。故选B。【31题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章主题段第一段“Can a small group of drones(无人机)guarantee the safety and reliability of railways and, at the same time, help railway operators save billions of euros each year? That is the very likely future of applying todays “eyes in the sky” technology

52、to making sure that the millions of kilometers of rail tracks and infrastructure(基础设施)worldwide are safe for trains on a24/7 basis.(一小群无人机能否在保证铁路安全可靠的同时，帮助铁路运营商每年节省数十亿欧元?这很可能是应用今天的“空中之眼”技术的未来，以确保全球数百万公里的铁路轨道和基础设施全天候安全运行。)”以及后文第二段讲到了使用无人机检查电力线路使无人机应用于铁路线路成为可能;第三段讲到了使用无人机大幅节省维护成本和更好地保护铁路人员安全；第四段讲到了通过使

53、用最新的技术，无人机还可以开始为铁路提供更高的价值，可知文章主要讲述了无人机将如何改变铁路的未来，所以D项“无人机将如何改变铁路的未来。”符合文章中心思想，适合作为本文的最佳标题。故选D。DThe Governments sugar tax on soft drinks has brought in half as much money as Ministers first predicted it would generate, the first official data on the policy has shown. First announced in April, 2016, t

54、he tax which applies to soft drinks containing more than 5g of sugar per 100ml, was introduced to help reduce childhood obesity（肥胖）. It is believed that todays children and teenagers are consuming three times the recommended level of sugar, putting them at a higher risk of the disease. Initially the

55、 sugar tax was expected to make 520m a year for the Treasury. However, data of the first six months showed it would make less than half this amount. At present it is expected to generate 240m for the year ending in April 2019, which will go to school sports. It comes after more than half of soft dri

56、nks sold in shops have had their sugar levels cut by manufacturers（制造商）so they can avoid paying the tax. Drinks now contain 45 million fewer kilos of sugar as a result of manufacturers efforts to avoid the charge, according to Treasury figures. Since April drinks companies have been forced to pay be

57、tween 18p and 24p for every litre of sugary drink they produce or import, depending on the sugar content. However, some high sugar brands, like Classic Coca Cola, have accepted the sugar tax and are refusing to change for fear of upsetting consumers. Fruit juices, milk-based drinks and most alcoholi

58、c drinks are free of the tax, as are small companies manufacturing fewer than 1m litres per year. Todays figures, according to one government official, show the positive influence the sugar tax is having by raising millions of pounds for sports facilities（设施）and healthier eating in schools. Helping

59、the next generation to have a healthy and active childhood is of great importance, and the industry is playing its part. 32. Why was the sugar tax introduced? A. To collect money for schools. B. To improve the quality of drinks. C. To protect childrens health. D. To encourage research in education.

60、33. How did some drinks companies respond to the sugar tax? A. They turned to overseas markets. B. They raised the prices of their products. C. They cut down on their production. D. They reduced their products sugar content. 34. From which of the following is the sugar tax collected? A. Most alcohol

61、ic drinks. B. Milk-based drinks. C. Fruit juices. D. Classic Coke. 35. What can be inferred about the adoption of the sugar tax policy? A. It is a short-sighted decision. B. It is a success story. C. It benefits manufacturers. D. It upsets customers. 语篇解读关键词sugar tax，soft drinks，childhood obesity主旨概

62、要文章主要介绍了英国政府对软饮料征收的糖税来解决儿童以及青少年的健康问题，同时该收入用于学校体育。百科知识软饮料（softdrink)：酒精含量低于0.5%(质量比)的天然的或人工配制的饮料。又称清凉饮料、无醇饮料。所含酒精限指溶解香精、香料、色素等用的乙醇溶剂或乳酸饮料生产过程的副产物。语言知识重难点词obesity肥胖；manufacturers制造商；alcoholic含酒精的重难点词块sugar tax糖税；soft drinks软饮料；childhood obesity儿童肥胖； at a higher risk of the disease 高发病率；sports faciliti

63、es运动设施长难句 It is believed that todays children and teenagers are consuming three times the recommended level of sugar, putting them at a higher risk of the disease. 现在的儿童和青少年摄入的糖分是建议摄入量的三倍，使他们患病的风险更高。【答案】32. C 33. D 34. D 35. B【解析】【32题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“First announced in April, 2016, the tax which a

64、pplies to soft drinks containing more than 5g of sugar per 100ml, was introduced to help reduce childhood obesity .（该税于2016年4月首次宣布，适用于每100毫升含糖超过5g的软饮料，旨在帮助减少儿童肥胖。）”可知，征收糖税的目的是帮助儿童减少肥胖。故选C项。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“It comes after more than half of soft drinks sold in shops have had their sugar levels cut

65、 by manufacturers so they can avoid paying the tax.（此前，制造商已经降低了商店中销售的超过一半的软饮料的含糖量，以避免纳税。）”可知，一些饮料公司通过降低了产品的含糖量来避税。故选D项。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中的“However, some high sugar brands, like Classic Coca Cola, have accepted the sugar tax and are refusing to change for fear of upsetting consumers. Fruit juices, m

66、ilk-based drinks and most alcoholic drinks are free of the tax, as are small companies manufacturing fewer than 1m litres per year.（然而，一些高糖品牌，如经典可口可乐，已经接受了糖税，并拒绝改变，因为担心会惹恼消费者。果汁、以牛奶为原料的饮料和大多数酒精饮料是免税的，每年生产不到100万升的小公司也是免税的。）”可知，糖税主要来自经典可口可乐这些高糖品牌。故选D项。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“Todays figures, according t

67、o one government official, show the positive influence the sugar tax is having by raising millions of pounds for sports facilities and healthier eating in schools.（根据一位政府官员的说法，今天的数据显示了糖税的积极影响，它为学校的体育设施和健康饮食筹集了数百万英镑）”可推断，糖税政策的实施是一个成功的政策。故选B项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余

68、选项。Friendship needs care and attention to keep it in good health. Here are five ways to sustain（保持）long-distance friendships. Set a regular dateLong-lasting friendships share the characteristic that both sides equally contact（联系）and share with one another. With busy schedules, squeezing in phone cal

69、ls can be a challenge. 36 More isnt always merrierMake sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be contacted and what method works best for you both. 37 . There are alternatives to constant written communication, such as leaving voice messages or having a

70、 group chat. Practise empathy（共情） 38 . The friend who is remaining needs to be sensitive to all the additional time demands placed on the friend who has moved. The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel abandoned. 39 Anniversaries and birthdays carry e

71、ven more weight in long-distance friendships. Although technology might make day-to-day communication possible, extra effort goes a long way on special days. Simply keeping a diary that keeps track of friends birthdays and other important dates will make sure nothing slips by you. Dont rely on techn

72、ology alone 40 , but long-distance friendships -even close ones -may require more conscious effort to sustain. Try to seek out chances to renew friendships. How to do it? Just spend face-to-face time together whenever possible. A. Remember important datesB. Compensate by writing lettersC. It is also

73、 helpful for you to be a friendship keeperD. Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to itE. Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communicationF. It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social mediaG. You may be the friend who left or the one who was left

74、 behind语篇解读关键词five ways ，long-distance friendships主旨概要介绍了五种维系异地友谊的方法。百科知识友谊是一种来自双向(或交互)关系的情感，即双方共同凝结的情感，必须共同维系，任何单方面的示好或背离，不能称为友谊。友谊以亲密为核心成分，亲密性也就成为衡量友谊程度的一个重要指标。语言知识重难点词 sustain保持；contact联系；empathy共情；重难点词块keeps track of 记录；day-to-day communication日常交流；long-distance friendships异地友谊长难句Make sure you h

75、ave communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be contacted and what method works best for you both.确保你已经和你的朋友沟通过了关于你们每个人希望被联系的频率以及什么方法对你们最有效。Simply keeping a diary that keeps track of friends birthdays and other important dates will make sure nothing slips by you. 记日记，记

76、录朋友的生日和其他重要的日子，就能确保你不会错过任何事情。【答案】36 D 37. B 38. G 39. A 40. F【解析】【36题详解】上文“With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge.”（平日繁忙，很难抽出时间打电话。）讲的是双方都很忙碌，很难有时间给对方打电话，D项“尽量找个双方都有空的时间去打电话，并坚持下去” 给出了解决没时间打电话这个问题的方法，符合题意。故选D项。【37题详解】上文“Make sure you have communicated with your friend about

77、 how frequently each of you wants to be contacted and what method works best for you both.”（确保你已经与你的朋友沟通过，了解你们彼此希望联系的次数，以及哪种沟通方式最适合你们两人。）提到异地朋友之间要商量沟通方式，B项“可以通过写信补偿”提出了其中一种沟通方式：写信，下文“There are alternatives to constant written communication, such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat.”（除了不

78、断的文字交流，还有其他方式，比如发语音或者组建群聊。）补充了发语音等其他沟通方式，其中“constant written communication”呼应了B项的“writing letters”。故选B项。【38题详解】下文“The friend who is remaining”（留下来的朋友）和“The one in the new environment”（在新环境中的那个）提到朋友的两个不同处境，G项“你可能是朋友中离开的那一方，也可能是被留下的那一方”指出了异地友谊中分为离开的一方和留下的一方，其中“the friend who left”和“the one who was lef

79、t behind”分别对应下文“The one in the new environment”和“The friend who is remaining”，所以G项符合题意。故选G项。【39题详解】分析文章结构可知，设空处的内容是维系异地友谊的第四个方法，是第五段的小标题。下文“Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendships.”（周年纪念日和生日对于异地友谊而言是非常重要的。）讲的是诸如周年纪念日和生日等重要的日子对于维系异地友谊是非常重要的，由此推知，这段对应的维系异地友谊的方法是

80、A项“记得重要的日子”，所以A项符合题意。故选A项。【40题详解】设空处所在句子的后半句“but long-distance friendships even close ones may require more conscious effort to sustain.”（但是异地友谊甚至是关系亲密的友谊可能需要更加自觉地去维系。）讲的是我们要更加自觉地维系异地友谊，其中“but”说明后半句与设空处形成转折，而F项“朋友之间很容易通过社交媒体产生一种联结感”讲的是可以通过社交媒体这种方式很容易与朋友产生联结，与后半句“require more conscious effort to sust

81、ain”形成转折，而且其中的“social media”呼应了该段的小标题“Dont rely on technology alone”（不要仅仅依赖技术）中的“technology”。故选F项。第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Young children across the globe enjoy playing games of hide and seek. For them, theres something highly exciting

82、 about 41 someone elses glance and making oneself unable to be seen. However, we all witness that preschool children are remarkably 42 at hiding. They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies 43 .For a long time, this ineffective hiding method was 44 as evidence

83、 that children are hopelessly egocentric（自我中心的）creatures. But our 45 research results in child developmental psychology 46 that idea. We brought young children aged 2-4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC. Each 47 sat down with an adult who covered her own eyes or 48 . We then asked the child i

84、f she could 49 or hear the adult. Surprisingly, children replied that they couldnt. The same 50 happened when the adult covered her own mouth: 51 children said that they couldnt 52 to her. A number of 53 ruled out that the children misunderstood what they were being asked. The results were clear: Ou

85、r young subjects 54 the questions and knew 55 what was asked of them. Their 56 to the questions reflected their true 57 that I can see you only if you can see me, too. They simply 58 mutual（相互的）recognition and regard. Our 59 suggest when a child hides by putting a blanket over her head, it is not a

86、result of egocentrism. In fact, children consider this method 60 when others use it. 41. A. following B. taking C. escaping D. directing42. A. clever B. bad C. scared D. quick43. A. exposed B. examined C. untouched D. imbalanced44. A. supported B. guaranteed C. imagined D. interpreted45. A. disappoi

87、nting B. mixed C. surprising D. desired46. A. explained B. confirmed C. contradicted D. tested47. A. parent B. child C. researcher D. doctor48. A. feet B. nose C. hands D. ears49. A. see B. help C. reach D. fool50. A. event B. thing C. action D. accident51. A. Yet B. Now C. Soon D. Once52. A. speak

88、B. listen C. tum D. wave53. A. instructions B. descriptions C. experiments D. assumptions54. A. comprehended B. predicted C. explored D. ignored55. A. partly B. honestly C. vaguely D. exactly56. A. responses B. approaches C. contribution D. sensitivity57. A. ability B. belief C. identity D. purpose5

89、8. A. hold back B. relate to C. insist on D. make up59. A. limitations B. requirements C. theories D. findings60. A. tentative B. impressive C. creative D. effective语篇解读关键词Young children, egocentric, child developmental psychology, mutual recognition and regard主旨概要本文介绍了一项有关于孩子“捉迷藏的”研究发现：小孩子不擅长捉迷藏或许并

90、不是“自我中心”的表现，而是他们真的认为：“你能看见我，我也能看见你”，所以“我不能看见你，你也就不能看见我”。百科知识儿童心理发展是指从不成熟到成熟这一阶段所发生的积极的心理变化。换句话说，它是人对客观现实反映活动的扩大、改善、日趋完善和复杂化的过程。在一定社会教育条件下，一定年龄阶段的大多数儿童总是处于一定的发展水平上，表现基本相似的心理特点。这是因材施教的前提。个体的心理发展就是指个体从出生到成人再到老年的心理的发生、发展和变化的过程。语言知识重难点词Egocentric 自我中心的；mutual相互的；重难点词块games of hide and seek捉迷藏；mutual reco

91、gnition and regard相互承认和尊重长句理解 For a long time, this ineffective hiding method was interpreted as evidence that children are hopelessly egocentric creatures.长期以来，这种无效的隐藏方法被解释为儿童是无可救药的“自我中心”生物的证据。【答案】4145 CBADC4650 CBDAB5155 BACAD5660 ABCDD【解析】41题：考察动名词。选C。下文提到making oneself unable to be seen,因此应该是躲避别

92、人的眼光。42题：考察形容词。选B。下文提到hey often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies 43 可译为：他们只是用手捂住自己的眼睛，而将身体其他部位暴漏了出来，所以推断出小孩子不擅长捉迷藏。另外，44题前this ineffective hiding method也印证了本题答案。43题：考察形容词。选A。上文提到children are remarkably 42 at hiding，小孩子不擅长捉迷藏，因此他们只是用手捂住自己的眼睛，而将身体其他部位暴漏了出来。另外，44

93、题前this ineffective hiding method也印证了本题答案。44题：考察动词。选D。For a long time, this ineffective hiding method was 44 as evidence that children are hopelessly egocentric（自我中心的）creatures.本句可翻译为：很长时间以来，这种无效的藏匿方式都被当成（“翻译”成了）儿童是自我中心生物的证据。45题：考察形容词。选C。从后文中可知，本文的研究结论与大家以往的认为不同，所以本研究的结论是令人惊讶的。本题But our 45 research r

94、esults，but是解题关键。46题：考察动词。选C。从后文中可知，本文的研究结论与大家以往的认为不同。47题：考察名词。选B。从上文We brought young children aged 2-4 into our Minds in Development Lab可知，本研究实验对象是孩子，下文也多次印证了本题答案。48题：考察名词。选D。本句Each 47 sat down with an adult who covered her own eyes or 48 . We then asked the child if she could 49 or hear the adult.4

95、8题和49题相互印证，本题从49题后hear the adult可以推出是遮住了耳朵。49题：考察动词。选A。本句Each 47 sat down with an adult who covered her own eyes or 48 . We then asked the child if she could 49 or hear the adult.48题和49题相互印证，本题从48题前covered her own eyes可以推出看不见。50题：考察名词。选B。The same 50 happened在后续的实验中，也发生了同样的事情。51题：考察副词或连词。选B。when the

96、adult covered her own mouth: 51 children said that they couldnt 52 to her.可翻译为当成年人遮住自己的嘴巴时，儿童们就会说他们也不能对她说话了。52题：考察动词。选A。when the adult covered her own mouth: 51 children said that they couldnt 52 to her.可翻译为当成年人遮住自己的嘴巴时，儿童们就会说他们也不能对她说话了。53题：考察名词。选C。A number of 53 从上下文中可知，是很多实验或研究。54题：考察动词。选A。Our you

97、ng subjects 54 the questions and knew 55 what was asked of them.新的研究发现了，儿童能理解问题，并且准确地知道他们被问了什么。55题：考察副词。选D。Our young subjects 54 the questions and knew 55 what was asked of them.新的研究发现了，儿童能理解问题，并且准确地知道他们被问了什么。56题：考察名词。选A。Their 56 to the questions reflected their true 57 that I can see you only if yo

98、u can see me, too.他们对待问题的回应，反映了，他们真的认为：“你能看见我，我也能看见你”。57题：考察名词。选B。Their 56 to the questions reflected their true 57 that I can see you only if you can see me, too.他们对待问题的回应，反映了他们真的认为：“你能看见我，我也能看见你”。58题：考察动词短语。选C。They simply 58 mutual（相互的）recognition and regard.从上句可知，研究发现儿童是真的这么认为。59题：考察名词。选D。Our 59

99、suggest我们的研究结论暗示了从上文But our 45 research results in child developmental psychology 46 that idea.也可以推出本题答案。60题：考察形容词。选D。从研究结论可知，事实上，儿童认为这种用床单盖住头的藏匿方法是有效的。原文出处Young children are bad at hiding. This is the lesson it can teach adults | World Economic Forum (weforum.org)Young children across the globe enj

100、oy playing games of hide and seek. 41Theres something highly exciting for children about escaping someone elses glance and making oneself “invisible.”However, developmental psychologists and parents alike continue to witness that before school age, 42children are remarkably bad at hiding. Curiously,

101、 they often cover only their face or eyes with their hands, 43leaving the rest of their bodies visibly exposed.For a long time, 44this ineffective hiding strategy was interpreted as evidence that young children are hopelessly “egocentric” creatures. Psychologists theorized that preschool children ca

102、nnot distinguish their own perspective from someone elses. Conventional wisdom held that, unable to transcend their own viewpoint, children falsely assume that others see the world the same way they themselves do. So psychologists assumed children “hide” by covering their eyes because they conflate

103、their own lack of vision with that of those around them.But research in cognitive developmental psychology is starting to cast doubt on this notion of childhood egocentrism. We brought young children between the ages of two and four into our Minds in Development Lab at USC so we could investigate th

104、is assumption. 45Our surprising results 46contradict the idea that childrens poor hiding skills reflect their allegedly egocentric nature.Who can see whom?47Each child in our study sat down with an adult who covered her own 48eyes or ears with her hands. We then asked the child whether or not she co

105、uld 49see or hear the adult, respectively. Surprisingly, children denied that they could. 50The same thing happened when the adult covered her own mouth: 51/52Now children denied that they could speak to her.53A number of control experiments ruled out that the children were confused or misunderstood

106、 what they were being asked. The results were clear:54Our young subjects comprehended the questions and 55knew exactly what was asked of them. 56Their negative responses reflected 57their genuine belief that the other person could not be seen, heard, or spoken to when her eyes, ears, or mouth were o

107、bstructed. Despite the fact that the person in front of them was in plain view, they flatout denied being able to perceive her. So what was going on?It seems like young children consider mutual eye contact a requirement for one person to be able to see another. Their thinking appears to run along th

108、e lines of “I can see you only if you can see me, too” and vice versa. 59Our findings suggest that when a child “hides” by putting a blanket over her head, this strategy is not a result of egocentrism. In fact, children 60deem this strategy effective when others use it.Built into their notion of vis

109、ibility, then, is the idea of bidirectionality: Unless two people make eye contact, it is impossible for one to see the other. Contrary to egocentrism, young children simply 58insist on mutual recognition and regard.第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。May 21st this year marks th

110、e first International Tea Day, which was named officially 61 the United Nations on November 27th, 2019. To celebrate 62 festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday. The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society 63 （address）the opening ceremo

111、ny. As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the 64 （large）tea-producing country, China has a 65 （responsible）to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. It can help to build a community with a 66 （share）future for mankind, h

112、e said. The First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative issued（发布）at the ceremony calls for people working in the tea industry to come together to promote international cooperation 67 cultural exchanges. A four-year tea promotionTea Road Cooperative Planwas also issued in accordance

113、with the initiative. 68 （strengthen）the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media, 69 （invite）twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts. The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum

114、 was officially unveiled（揭幕）at the ceremony, opening 70 （it）first exhibition: The Avenue of TruthA Special Exhibition of Puer Tea. 【考点分析】有提示词无提示词谓语动词时态非谓语动词最高级词性转换代词冠词介词并列13111111【答案】61.by62.the63.addressed 64.largest65.responsibility66.shared67.and68.To strengthen69.inviting70.its【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文

115、章主要介绍了为了庆祝第一个国际茶日，中国商会博物馆所举办的一系列活动。【61题详解】考查介词。句意：2019年11月27日，联合国正式将5月21日定为第一个国际茶日。根据句意可知，此处表达“被联合国在5月21日命名”。表示被动，使用固定结构“be+过去分词+by”。故填by。【62题详解】考查冠词。句意：为了庆祝这一节日，周四在北京的中国商人博物馆举行了一系列活动。特指International Tea Day这一节日，所以用定冠词the。故填the。【63题详解】考查时态。句意：中国文化促进会会长在开幕式上致辞。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。故填addressed。【64题详解】考查形容词最高

116、级。句意：中国是茶的发源地和最大产茶国，作为国际茶日的主要推动者，中国有责任与其他国家共同促进茶产业的健康发展。根据定冠词the和常识可知，中国是最大产茶国，所以用形容词的最高级形式。故填largest。【65题详解】考查名词。句意：中国是茶的发源地和最大产茶国，作为国际茶日的主要推动者，中国有责任与其他国家共同促进茶产业的健康发展。不定冠词a后接可数名词的单数形式。故填responsibility。【66题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这有助于构建人类命运共同体。此处为非谓语动词做定语来修饰名词future。非谓语动词share和名词future之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。故填sha

117、red。【67题详解】考查连词。句意：仪式上发布的“首个国际茶日万里茶道合作倡议”呼吁茶业人士团结起来，促进国际合作和文化交流。名词international cooperation和cultural exchanges为并列成分，作动词promote的宾语。故填and。【68题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了加强与年轻人的联系，活动包括在社交媒体上的一系列公共宣传活动，邀请了来自世界各地的29名茶叶专业人士进行36小时不间断的直播。根据句意可知，此处表达“为了加强与年轻人的联系”，需要用不定式作目的状语。故填To strengthen。【69题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了加强与年轻人的联

118、系，活动包括在社交媒体上的一系列公共宣传活动，邀请了来自世界各地的29名茶叶专业人士进行36小时不间断的直播。此处为非谓语动词，逻辑主语the event与invite之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填inviting。【70题详解】考查代词。句意：在开幕式上，中国古茶博物馆正式揭牌，开启了它的第一个展览：大道遗真普洱茶专题展。名词exhibition前用形容词性物主代词。故填its。第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每

119、处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。We all know that cycling is a greatly exercise. A doctor tells me people who lives the longest are dancers and cyclists. Maybe it is because the combination of fr

120、esh air, smooth movement and exercise. Whether you ride a bicycle, you dont use petrol. So they are not producing carbon dioxide and not cause air pollution. Just see how cars have been taken over our cities. They often run at high speeds, what may put our lives in danger. And there were traffic jam

121、s, too. Our cities will be better places if we replace cars with bicycle. 【答案】1. greatlygreat 2. liveslive 3. 在because后加of 4. Whether If 或Whether When5. they you6. causecausing7. 去掉have后的been8. whatwhich9. wereare10. bicyclebicycles【解析】【导语】这是一篇议论文。作者表述了骑自行车这项运动可以带来的好处。【详解】1.考查形容词。句意: 我们都知道骑自行车是一项很好的

122、运动。需用形容词作定语修饰名词exercise。故将greatly改为great。 2.考查主谓一致。句意：医生告诉我，寿命最长的人是舞蹈家和骑自行车的人。people是集合名词，谓语动词用复数。故将lives改为live。3.考查介词。句意：也许是因为新鲜空气、流畅的运动和锻炼的结合。because表示“因为”，后面接从句，短语because of表示“因为”，后面接名词、代词、动名词等作宾语，the combination of fresh air, smooth movement and exercise是名词短语。故在because后加of。4.考查状语从句连接词。句意：当你骑自行车的

123、时候你是不用汽油的。由句意可知，该句阐述的是一个事实，需用if或when引导；位于句首，注意首字母大写。故将Whether改为If或改为When。5.考查代词。句意：所以你不会制造出二氧化碳，也不会造成空气污染。根据前一句中的人称you可知，这里假设“你”骑自行车，前后人称应保持一致。故将they改为you。6.考查非谓语动词。句意：所以你不会制造出二氧化碳，也不会造成空气污染。本句时态为现在进行时，连词and连接两个并列的现在分词，构成进行时。故将cause改为causing。7.考查语态。句意：看看汽车是如何占领我们的城市的。主语cars与动词take over之间是主谓关系，应用主动语态

124、。故去掉have后的been。8.考查定语从句关系词。句意：它们经常高速行驶，这可能会危及我们的生命。分析句子结构可知，逗号后是非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面的一句话，在从句中做主语，应用which 引导。故将what改为which。9.考查时态。句意：还有交通堵塞。根据上下文时态可知，本句应用一般现在时。故将were改为are。10.考查名词。句意：如果用自行车代替汽车，我们的城市将变得更好。bicycle为可数名词，由句中的cars和句意可知，此处应用复数形式。故将bicycle改为bicycles。第二节 书面表达（满分25分）学校英文报正在开展以Learning English Bey

125、ond the Classroom为题的讨论。请使用图表中的调查结果写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：1学习活动状况描述：2简单评论；3你的建议。注意：1词数100左右；2短文的题目和首句已为你写好。【答案】 Learning English Beyond the Classroom Nowadays, with the growing popularity of smartphones and computers, an increasing number of students are choosing to learn English beyond the classroom in variou

126、s ways. It can easily be seen that the percentage of students who choose listening to English songs and watching English movies is respectively 65% and 50%. However, those choosing reading English books and visiting English learning websites only account for 18% and 12%. As far as Im concerned, it i

127、s a disturbing trend. For students, what benefits most to their study is reading English books. Because of their lack of self-discipline, theyre more easily addicted to chatting online or playing games. Its urgent for students themselves to improve their self-discipline, and its also urgent for pare

128、nts and teachers to strengthen the guidance. 【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于说明文。要求考生请使用图表中的调查结果写一篇短文给学校英文报投稿。【详解】1.词汇积累选择：chooseselect提高：improvestrengthen各种各样的：variousdiverse就我而言：as far as Im concernedfrom my perspective2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Nowadays, with the growing popularity of smartphones and computers, an increasi

129、ng number of students are choosing to learn English beyond the Classroom in various ways.拓展句：Nowadays, because smartphones and computers are becoming more and more popular, an increasing number of students are choosing to learn English beyond the Classroom in various ways.【点睛】【高分句型1】It can easily be seen that the percentage of students who choose listening to English songs and watching English movies is respectively 65% and 50%.(运用了it作形式主语，that引导主语从句以及who引导的定语从句)【高分句型2】Its urgent for students themselves to improve their self-discipline(运用了it作形式主语，to improve their self-discipline为真正的主语)