重庆市名校联盟2022-2023学年高一英语上学期第二次联考试题（PDF版带答案）.pdf

1、高 2025 届【英语试题】第 1页（共 12页）秘密启用前重庆市名校联盟 2022-2023 年度第二次联合考试英语试题（高 2025 届）【命题学校：开州中学命题人:曾彦陈红审题人：谢丽娟】（本试卷共 12 页，总分 150 分，考试时间 120 分钟）注意事项：1本试卷分第卷（选择题）和第卷（非选择题）两部分。第卷 1 至 10 页。第卷11 至 12 页。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。2答题前，考生在答题卡上务必用直径 0.5 毫米黑色墨水签字笔将目己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，并贴好条形码。请认真核准条形码上的准考证号、姓名和科目。3客观题选出答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对

2、应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号，在试题卷上作答无效。第 卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分 30 分）第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分）听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.What will the woman probably have?A.Coffee.B.Tea.C.Juice.2.What did the man bring the woman?A.A fork.

3、B.A knife.C.A spoon.3.What does the man suggest the woman do?A.Go indoors.B.Have a swim.C.Have an iced drink.4.What is wrong with Lisas book?A.Its back came off.B.Its front is damaged.C.Its pages are missing.5.Why wont the woman go to the mall today?A.It will be crowded.B.The weather is too cold.C.S

4、he prefers to go to a park.高 2025 届【英语试题】第 2页（共 12页）第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分）听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。6.What are the speakers mainly talking about?A.Educating children.B.Writing a shop

5、ping list.C.Dealing with some toys.7.How old is Sam?A.One year old.B.Three years old.C.Six years old.听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 10 题。8.What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A.Teacher and student.B.Co-workers.C.Classmates.9.When will the speakers probably meet next time?A.On Monday.B.On Thursd

6、ay.C.On Friday.听第 8 段材料，回答第 11 至 13 题。10.What does the man think about coconut?A.He prefers it to be dried.B.He likes it only when its fresh.C.He hates the taste of it completely.11.What did the speakers just buy on the weekend?A.Carrots.B.Butter.C.Cheese.12.What will the man do next?A.Buy some eggs

7、.B.Turn the oven on.C.Cut the coconut into pieces.听第 9 段材料，回答第 14 至 16 题。13.What does the man want the woman to do?A.Read a book to him.B.Return a book for him.C.Recommend a book to him.14.What did the man last read?A.War and Peace.B.Great Expectations.C.The History of Jews in Russia.高 2025 届【英语试题】第

8、 3页（共 12页）15.What kind of books does the man want to read now?A.Best-sellers.B.More serious literature.C.Ones about family life.16.What is the womans job probably?A.A waiter.B.A writer.C.A librarian.听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。17.How many children were there in Benjamin Franklins family?A.17.B.16.C.10.1

9、8.What did Benjamin Franklin want to work as?A.A writer.B.A printer.C.A soap maker.19.Where did Benjamin Franklin find a job?A.In New York.B.In New Jersey.C.In Philadelphia.20.Which experiment made Benjamin Franklin famous?A.The one with a musical instrument.B.The one with a kite and electricity.C.T

10、he one with a type of glasses.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分 50 分）第一节（共 15 小题，每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。AThere are many things you can do at the National Air and Space Museum in Washington,DC.We offer daily tours and educational activities for both children and adults.We also havesched

11、uled lectures and events throughout the year.Hours&Admission:Open every day except December 25.Tickets are free.Regular Hours:10:00 am to 5:30 pmExtended Hours:10:00 am to 7:30 pm(December 2630,2022March 30April 20,2023April 24May 16,2023May 17September 7,2023)高 2025 届【英语试题】第 4页（共 12页）VISITING TIPSL

12、imit the Number of Bags:Before entering,all visitors are screened through metaldetector.The fewer bags you bring inside the Museum,the faster your entry.Visitors must notbring items including pocket knives and tripods(三脚架),so please leave them at home or in yourcar.No Food or Drink:Only bottled wate

13、r is allowed in the Museum.You may only enjoyfood and other drinks in the Food and Drink Court,not in the Museum.Groups who bring foodare encouraged to picnic on the National Hall.Please Take Photos:You are welcome to takephotos for personal use.However,tripods and monopods(单脚架)are not allowed.First

14、 Aid:The Museum has a First Aid office and a doctor on duty.Please contact thenearest security officer or the Welcome Center for help.Visit the Welcome Center:At our Welcome Center in the South Lobby,officers here cananswer any questions you have during your visit.21.According to the passage,the Nat

15、ional Air and Space Museum is a museum _.A.where visitors can take part in lecturesB.where one can touch anything he likesC.everyone can visit without time limitD.where visitors must pay for their tickets22.If the Smiths plan to visit the museum at 6:00 pm,they can pay a visit on_.A.December 25,2022

16、B.April 20,2023C.September 8,2023D.March 29,202323.A visitor to the Museum can NOT _.A.take photos with tripods and monopodsB.get medical help when falling ill suddenlyC.bring several bags and bottled waterD.eat and drink in the Food and drink CourtBJennifer Doudna was 7 when she moved to Hilo,the l

17、argest town in Hawaii County.Doudnafelt like she was different from her classmates,who were mostly Asians and Polynesians.I waskind of a stupid type,she said.In high school she heard a talk by a young woman scientist on how cells turn cancerous.Herlecture attracted Doudna,and then she found herself

18、falling in love with science.Doudna realizedthat this female was clearly an excellent scientist,”she told California Magazine.高 2025 届【英语试题】第 5页（共 12页）After high school,Doudna studied biochemistry at Pomona College in California.Sheworked in the lab of biochemist Sharon Panasenko,who always encourag

19、ed her.“Team isextremely important,”she said.“And fortunately for me,Ive worked with outstanding scientistsat every stage of my research.”While getting her Ph.D.at Harvard,she worked with JackSzostak,who later won a Nobel Prize in Medicine.Dounda continued to do research at theUniversity of Colorado

20、 under Tom Cech.People who have worked with Doudna say she has agift for finding key questions.In 2005 she turned her attention to another difficult question.She started studying unusualresults which were found in the DNA of some bacteria.These genescalled CRISPR for shorthelp our body fight off ill

21、nesses.Cooperating(合作)with a French scientist,Doudna and herteam understood how CRISPR did its job and used it to cure diseases.Doudnas discovery has made her famous,at least in the science world.And she realizesthat her success makes her a powerful example for girls who are also interested inscienc

22、e.Women have natural curiosity,as do men,”she said.“And we just want to showwomen that they can follow their dreams in the science world.”Though many now view her as ascientific superstar,she has difficulty in seeing herself that way.“I dont think of myself as a rolemodel,”she said.“I still think of

23、 myself as that person back in Hawaii.”24.What do we know about Doudna from the first two paragraphs?A.She didnt get along well with her classmates.B.She was a native in Hilo,Hawaii County.C.She often moved with her parents.D.She fell in love with science because of a woman.25.In Doudnas opinion,wha

24、t is the key to her success?A.Outstanding talents for research.B.Ability to find the key question.C.Determination to fight against illnesses.D.Working with other excellent scientists.26.What can we learn from Doudnas words in the last paragraph?A.Only men can carry out research in science.B.Women ar

25、e naturally as curious as men.C.She is not that person back in Hawaii.高 2025 届【英语试题】第 6页（共 12页）D.She is an example for both men and women.27.Which of the following words can best describe Doudna?A.generous and responsibleB.brave and outgoingC.curious and admirableD.kind and experiencedCSupporters of

26、 education technology have always imagined the bright future in the pasttwenty years:that by 2019,half of all middle school courses would be online;videos and practiceapps could let students learn maths at their own speed;or that students with internet-connectedcomputers could learn anything without

27、 the help of schools or teachers.Then in 2020,1 billion students around the world turned to online learning as the pandemic(疫情)shut down schools.It was education technologys big moment,but for many students andfamilies,online learning has been a disappointment.When the world needs it most,why hasedu

28、cation technology seemed so lackluster?Technology education has a long history,but throughout the history there have been twomain challenges.The first is that most people depend on human connection to stay motivated.When a student fails to concentrate on what the teacher is saying in a classroom,the

29、 teacher cannotice it and take action.But when the same thing happens while using an education technologyproduct,no one can see it.Assessments(评价)are also a challenge.Computers can show studentsstandard answers.In some subjects,like maths,education technology can immediately tellwhether the answer i

30、s right.But if we ask students to write a passage that explains why theSecond World War broke out,computers can not assess the answer,part of which may beincorrect.Education technology has long promised to change education,but for large areas of schoollearning,we dont have online tools that are any

31、better than printed books.For most teachers,theroad to successful teaching with technology is not a total change to traditional education,but aslow process towards finding a right tool or way that is suitable for students.28.Whats purpose of paragraph 1?A.To introduce the topic of the following text

32、B.To show off the great pastC.To tell the future of education technologyD.To share information of education高 2025 届【英语试题】第 7页（共 12页）29.What does the underlined word“lackluster”probably mean?A.encouragingB.unsatisfyingC.powerfulD.necessary30.According to the text,technology education is able to _.A.h

33、elp students to keep focusedB.teach students communication skillC.check the answers of all subjectsD.provide students with correct answers31.From the last paragraph,we can learn that teachers should_.A.just look for new advanced tools for educationB.totally change the traditional teaching wayC.use t

34、echnology education based on students needsD.fight against the popularity of online learningDGoing against the trend(趋势)of going to well-known yet crowded tourist destinations onvacation,a growing number of holidaymakers in China are spending their holidays at lesser-known places to look for unique

35、and relaxed holiday experiences.“Reverse tourism”has appearedas a new trend among young holidaymakers in China.During the weeklong public holiday,which ended on Oct 7,large numbers of vacationers,especially youth who long to escape their busy city lives,avoid popular holiday destinations inorder to

36、get off the beaten track and enjoy some peace and quietness.According to data from online travel agency Qunar,the number of rooms booked at hotelsin less-traveled cities during the holiday was up 30 percent year-on-year.Bookings for four andfive-star hotels in less-traveled places,including Linxia i

37、n Gansu province and Shizuishan in theNingxia,all increased at least 10 times from the same period of 2021.Even 12.5 percent of youthwho normally have little time for themselves simply had a time in a hotel to make the much-awaited holiday more relaxing.Besides crowds,some vacationers chose less-tra

38、veled places to save on the cost of trips topopular destinations,which often involve expensive tickets,meals and hotel stays.What more,lesser-known attractions are able to offer more natural experiences,according to social mediaposts.And unlike popular destinations,some undeveloped places with littl

39、e online attention canoffer more surprises.高 2025 届【英语试题】第 8页（共 12页）Jiang Han,a senior researcher at the Beijing-based public policy think tank Pangoal,saidthat reverse tourism will become one of the future directions for the market and is an opportunityfor growth which can match the camping economy

40、.32.If you support“reverse tourism”,you will probably choose_.A.a famous tourist destination on holidaysB.a unique and impressive vacationC.a lesser-known place for relaxed experiencesD.a developed destination to enjoy yourself33.How does the author develop paragraph 3?A.By giving numbers.B.By listi

41、ng reasons.C.By comparing opinions.D.By following time order.34.Whats Jiang Hans attitude towards the future of reverse tourism?A.NegativeB.PositiveC.DoubtfulD.Unconcerned35.Whats the main idea of this passage?A.Vacationers can save money while travelling.B.People prefer to spend their holidays by t

42、ravelling.C.Young people often have little time to travel around.D.More and more people accept less-travelled destinations.第二节（共 5 小题，每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。When you ask your kid what he dislikes the most in his study,he will answer,“homework.”36Fortunately,you

43、will help your kid deal with homework faster and more effectively usingthe following tips.Setting the right workspaceSetting the perfect working environment is of importance.37Thats why youshould make sure to separate places for playing and studying to help your kid concentrate.Pick aquiet place whe

44、re your child can learn peacefully.Besides,make sure that there are no things thatcan disturb him.高 2025 届【英语试题】第 9页（共 12页）Creating work scheduleUnlike adults,kids are very active.And although adults can remain focused for around halfan hour,childrens attention span(时长)is much shorter than that.38Wi

45、th that beingsaid,however long your kids working time is,remember to include several breaks.This willhelp lengthen the childs attention span.Cooperating with peersTeaming up with classmates in school has plenty of advantages.It helps your kid not onlydevelop social communication but also improve log

46、ical thinking ability.Besides,the ability towork with classmates hugely influences your kids friendship with others.39Homework can be a real pain in the neck.Without the right strategy,you will spend toomuch time finishing home tasks.40A.Make sure your child knows what is being required from them.B.

47、It is no secret that kids are often extremely energetic.C.Dealing with home assignments(任务)is a common problem among kids.D.This way,your child will get help when working on any task.E.Hopefully,the mentioned tips will help your kid deal with assignments quickly andsuccessfully.F.This will force you

48、r kid to follow schedule and learn to do their homework better.G.Thats why it is important to set up a work schedule to help your kid stay focused.第三部分完形填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Are you ready to lend a hand to others in your life?Its a re

49、ality that many of us findourselves too busy to41much time,money and energy to do a good deed.Its the42with me.Most of my days I am as43as a bee.My daughter is only 10 and my husband work fulltime.When Im not writing at my desk,Im cooking,cleaning,paying44as well as takingmy daughter to and from sch

50、ool.Like millions of housewives,Im short on time and45with高 2025 届【英语试题】第 10页（共 12页）spending.But all46as I got an idea from my daughter to set my good-deed-a-day goal.We had 47a girl in Egypt and gave away our used clothing to her from time to time.My daughter was crazyabout charity（慈善）and wanted me

51、 to do48,so I started my Simple Deed project.When Istepped out,I looked for possible acts of49.One day,I50some rubbish on theplayground.Another day,I51an old blind man at the subway station across the waitingline.Sometimes,I52had to go out of my way to find something kind to do.I could onlyhope I wa

52、s one of the53examples to others.After a few days,though,I felt almost proud of my simple deeds.I was fitting them into ourbusy life in a way that54me.And even though most of what Id done was small potatoes,somehow I knew I was making a difference,which also55every single day of mine.41.A.reduceB.fo

53、cusC.debateD.spend42.A.equalB.generalC.sameD.right43.A.busyB.proudC.curiousD.polite44.A.errorsB.toysC.billsD.contents45.A.gracefulB.particularC.outstandingD.careful46.A.trappedB.changedC.advancedD.continued47.A.impressedB.supportedC.praisedD.affected48.A.moreB.lessC.nothingD.little49.A.honorB.courag

54、eC.trustD.kindness50.A.set upB.signed upC.made upD.picked up51.A.requestedB.wavedC.guidedD.struggled52.A.evenB.howeverC.stillD.therefore53.A.confusingB.inspiringC.easygoingD.satisfying54.A.designedB.contactedC.suitedD.admired55.A.weakenedB.brightenedC.stoodD.shortened高 2025 届【英语试题】第 11页（共 12页）第 卷第四部

55、分英语知识运用（共两节，满分 30 分）第一节 语篇填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。The traditional Chinese lunar calendar（农历）divides a year into 24 solar terms.The SpringEquinox(春分),the 56._(four)term of the year,falls on March 20 this year.On this day,the night and day are almost 57._(equal

56、)long with 12 hours each.Here are someinteresting 58._(activity)you can take part in on that day.59._(stand)an egg upright is a popular game across the country.It is an old customthat60._(date)backto4,000years.Peoplepracticethistradition61._(celebrate)the coming of spring.It is believed that if some

57、one can make the egg stand,he will have good luck in the future.Some believe that the Spring Equinox is 62._best timeto practice this game because of the earths relatively balanced position,which makes 63._easier to make an egg stand upright.The Spring Equinox is also a good time to fly kites.In anc

58、ient times,people didnt havegood medical resources.So to pray for health,they wrote their medical problems on paper kites.When the kite was in the air,people would cut off the strings（线）to let the paper kite go with thewind,64._stands for the diseases going away.Later flying kites developed into a p

59、opulargame of spring.On this day,people write a wish on the kite,hoping that their dreams can65._(realize).第二节 根据汉语完成句子（共 8 句；每空 1 分，共 15 分）66.知道你自己的长处和短处很重要。Its important to know your own _ and weaknesses.67.这家餐厅是如此的受欢迎以至于你得提前预订。The restaurant is so popular that you should book the table _.68.通过成功完

60、成这项具有挑战性的任务，你会树立起信心。You will build up _ by finishing the _task successfully.高 2025 届【英语试题】第 12页（共 12页）69.你现在是成人了，所以你应该为你的行为负责。You are adults now,so you should bear _ for your _.70.全球变暖对动植物有着重大的影响。Global warming has a great effect _ plants and animals.71.你最好一周去健身房锻炼两次，或游两次泳。Youd better _ at a gym or

61、swim twice a week.72.Kate 已经被邀请去冰岛参加一个会议，她很快将申请一个护照。Kate has been invited to a meeting in Iceland.She is _ _ a visa soon.73.当他看我的时候，我假装正在走路。I _ _ _walking when he looked at me.第五部分 书面表达（满分 25 分）假如你是李华，你的英国朋友 Jim 想参加学校的运动俱乐部以增强身体素质，有两个运动项目可以选择：慢跑（jogging）或者瑜伽（yoga）。Jim 来信希望你能给些建议,请你给他回信，内容包括：1.你建议的运动

62、项目;2.你的理由;3.你的祝愿。注意：1 词数不少于 120；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dear Jim，_Yours，Li Hua重庆市名校联盟 2022-2023 学年度第二次联合考试英语试题参考答案（高 2025 届）听力(1.5*20)15 CABAA610 CCABB1115AACCB1620 CABCB阅读理解(2.5*15)21-25 ABADD26-30 BCABD31-35 CCABD七选五(2.5*5)36-40 CBGDE完形(1*15)41-45 DCACD46-50 BBADD51-55 CABCB短文填空(1.5*10)56.fourth57.equal

63、ly58.activities59.Standing60.dates61.to celebrate62.the63.it64.which65.be realized单词填空(1*10)66.strengths67.in advance68.confidence；challenging69.responsibility/responsibilities；behavior/behaviour/actions70.on71.work out/take exercise/get exercise/do exercise72.applying for73.pretended to be应用文写作(25)

64、Possible version one:Dear Jim,I m happy to receive your letter and know you want to improve your health by joiningsports club.Of the two choices jogging or yoga,both are highly recommended.Personally,Iprefer jogging,which is a popular kind of exercise,because it can bring us many advantages.First it

65、 can build up our strength and make us healthy.Second it can get rid of our pressureand make us relaxed.Third it can prevent diseases and make us keep fit.Finally,it can alsoimprove our patience.In a word,jogging is a wonderful form of exercise.If you are involved in it,you can get more pleasure.You

66、rs，Li HuaPossible version two:Dear Jim,Learning from your last letter that you are going to make a choice for your sports club,Iam writing to share with you my personal suggestions and reflections.Were I you,I would choose jogging.Doing jogging,you will be totally impressed by theadvantages that it

67、brings.Not only can you build up your strength,but also you can get rid ofyour pressure and feel relaxed.Moreover,it can prevent diseases and make you keep fit.In aword,jogging is a wonderful form of exercise.If you are involved in it,you can get morepleasure.Hopefully,my suggestions can be benefici

68、al.Yours，Li Hua录音原文Text 1M:Would you like to drink coffee or tea?We have special deals on both today.W:I dont drink tea or coffee this late.It will stop me from sleeping well.Can I have fruit juice,please?(1)Text 2W:I need something to eat this with.Where are the knives and forks?M:I thought you wer

69、e eating soup,so I brought you a spoon to eat it with.(2)Never mind.The knivesand forks are over there in the closet.Text 3W:It is so hot today.Maybe I should go indoors to be out of the heat.Would you like an iced drink?M:Why dont you go in the pool?A nice swim will cool you down.(3)Text 4W:I am af

70、raid to tell Lisa what happened to her book.It just fell and the entire back came off.(4)M:Well,luckily,the pages are not damaged or missing at least.Besides,the front looks fine.Text 5M:Are you more interested in going to the mall or the park today?W:Its a bit too cold outside for the park,and the

71、mall will be crowded on Fridays.How about we go tothe theater instead?(5)Text 6(第 6 题为总结题)M:I told my mother that we had too many toys here,but she still bought more for Sam.W:Its not good for our child.What should we do?M:First,well give away all of the toys that arent being used.That includes toys

72、 for one to three-year-oldbabies.Sam is six already.(7)W:I think thats a good idea.What else?M:Well choose half of the toys that my mother brings with her.And well give the other ones to ourcommunity center.Theyll be able to find children to enjoy them.Text 7W:You did very well today,Eddie.You learn

73、ed the march I gave you very well.Im going to assign adance for next time.(8)You should practice playing the piano at least an hour each day.M:OK,Mrs.Nolan.(8)I usually practice for two hours,because I like the piano so much.W:Thats great!I can tell you put a lot of effort into it.Youre improving so

74、 quickly!M:Thank you.W:See you this Friday,right?(9)M:This Friday and next Monday are holidays.W:Lets change the next lessons to this Thursday and next Tuesday,then.(8)(9)Text 8M:Lets make this cake today.It looks tasty on the picture.W:I thought you didnt like coconut.M:I love it,as long as its fre

75、sh coconut.(10)W:Good.I love coconut.What else is on the list of ingredients?M:Butter.Do we have some?W:Yes.M:And carrots.I know we just bought some on the weekend.(11)Have you used them,yet?W:No.Theyre still on the counter.M:OK.And soft cheese?W:I think the kind we have will do.M:Now I know we dont

76、 have any eggs.Ill run up to the store while you cut the coconut into tinypieces.(12)W:I also need to let the butter get soft at room temperature.M:Thats right.When everything else is ready,turn on the oven and preheat(预热)it to 400 degrees.Text 9W:Good afternoon.Are you looking for a particular book

77、?(16)M:I dont really know what to read next.Is there anything you recommend?(13)(16)W:Tell me what subjects youre interested in.M:Oh,many different ones.W:Well,which book did you just return?(14)(16)M:It was The History of Jews in Russia.(14)W:So,you must be interested in history.M:A little.I was ma

78、inly reading that book to find out more about my grandfathers family.W:I see.And what do you usually read for fun?M:Comic books.But now I want to read more serious literature,(15)like War and Peace.W:Thats a long and heavy book.Im going to recommend something a little easier to start with.Itsfiction

79、 with some history included in the story.M:Who is the author?W:A famous English writer named Charles Dickens.You can start with one of his most well-knownworks,Great Expectations.Text 10Benjamin Franklin was born in 1706.He was one of 17 children in his family and was the 10thchild.(17)Benjamins fat

80、her was a soap maker and he wanted Benjamin to have the same job that he had.Benjamin wanted a different life,though.So he decided to leave home and find a job as a printer fornewspapers and books.(18)Benjamin took a boat to New York,but he couldnt find a job there.He thenwalked to New Jersey,had th

81、e same troubles,and then finally ended up taking a boat to Philadelphia.At last,he found a job there and even saved enough money to buy his own newspapers.(19)Heprinted many famous writings in his life,but eventually he retired to become an inventor.He inventedmany things such as musical instruments,types of glasses for seeing and a special house heater that wasnamed after him.All of this happened before he became famous for his experiment with a kite andelectricity.(20)