2023版高考英语一轮总复习 10年高考真题分类题组 专题十三 阅读补全（七选五）.docx

1、专题十三阅读补全 (七选五)Passage 1(2021北京)根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Music has long been considered to be an enjoyable pastime for many people. 1 The mental health benefits from music can􀆳t be argued. Music could also be helping you with many other health problems behind the scenes.2 H

2、owever, for the same reason, music can be very beneficial if one is in pain. By distracting (分心) the mind from the pain, music, people say, can lower stress and anxiety levels. This, of course, can lead to less pain.Many people enjoy relaxing music in the evening prior to going to bed. 3 While the v

3、alidity of the idea is still being assessed, the lowered stress can even be tied back to blood pressure. Similarly, according to researchers, listening to just 30 minutes of soft music every day may help with healthy blood sugar levels, through the lowering of stress and anxiety.When it comes to hea

4、rt health, there is speculation (推测) that it􀆳s not the style of music, but rather the tempo that makes it so good for your heart health. In one European study, participants listened to music as the researchers monitored their heart rates and blood pressure. 4 On the other hand, when the mus

5、ic slowed, the participants􀆳 stress and anxiety levels became lower and the effects on heart rates appeared to follow suit.5 But there is a whole range of other health issues that turning up the radio could be beneficial for, which is what makes music so valuable.A.This feeling can also res

6、ult in many other health problems.B.Some experts say that music can be harmful if it is too loud.C.This idea is a little off-the-wall but still has scientific backing.D.They say it can play a big role in calming the brain enough to sleep.E.The implications of music on overall well-being are really i

7、mpressive.F.It is also highly popular due to the individualized effects on stress and anxiety.G.Interestingly, the more cheerful the music was, the faster their heart rates were.答案语篇解读本文是一篇说明文,主题语境为人与社会,主题语境内容为音乐。文章介绍了音乐对于健康的益处。1.F解题指导设题在段中,考查过渡句。解析空格前说“音乐对很多人来说是一种消遣娱乐的方式”,空格后说“The mental health ben

8、efits from music can􀆳t be argued”(音乐对心理健康的益处是毋庸置疑的),可推断空格处应说明音乐对人精神健康的作用。这与F选项中的“also highly popular”和“the individualized effects on stress and anxiety”照应。故选F项。 2.B解题指导设题在段首,考查细节句。解析空格后说“However,for the same reason,music can be very beneficial if one is in pain”(然而,出于同样的原因,如果一个人处于痛苦中,音乐是非常有

9、益的),However表转折,因此空格处为对音乐的负面评价,这与B选项中“music can be harmful if it is too loud”呼应。故选B项。 3.D解题指导设题在段中,考查细节句。解析空格前说“Many people enjoy relaxing music in the evening prior to going to bed”(许多人喜欢在晚上睡觉前听些轻松的音乐),这与D选项中“calming the brain enough to sleep”相呼应。故选D项。 4.G解题指导设题在段中,考查过渡句。解析空格后说“On the other hand, wh

10、en the music slowed,the participants􀆳 stress and anxiety levels became lower and the effects on heart rates appeared to follow suit”(另一方面,当音乐放缓时,参与者的压力和焦虑水平就会降低,对心率的影响似乎也随之降低),根据On the other hand可推断空格处内容应与欢快的音乐和心率加快有关,这与G选项中“the more cheerful the music was, the faster their heart rates were

11、”相照应。故选G项。 5.E 解题指导设题在段首,考查主旨句。解析空格后说“But there is a whole range of other health issues that turning up the radio could be beneficial for,which is what makes music so valuable”(但是,开着收音机还可以对一系列其他的健康问题有益,这就是音乐如此有价值的原因),因此本段讲的是音乐对身体总的好处,这与E选项“音乐对整体健康的影响令人印象深刻”相吻合。故选E项。难句分析原句:When it comes to heart heal

12、th,there is speculation that it􀆳s not the style of music, but rather the tempo that makes it so good for your heart health.分析:本句为主从复合句。句子的主干为:there is speculation。When引导时间状语从句,第一个that引导名词speculation的同位语从句。在同位语从句中使用了强调句型,强调句子的主语the tempo。译文:说到心脏健康,人们推测不是音乐的风格,而是节奏对你的心脏健康如此有益。Passage 2(2021浙江

13、)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。You􀆳ve got mail.and it􀆳s a postcardPaulo Magalhaes, a 34-year-old Portuguese computer engineer, loves to open his mailbox and find a brightly colored picture of Rome􀆳s Colosseum. Or Africa􀆳s Victoria Falls. Or China⣺

14、11;s Great Wall. 1“I often send postcards to family and friends,”he says to China Daily, “but you can imagine that after a while, you never receive as many as you send, and you realize that not everyone is into it. 2”Seeking other like-minded souls, however, Paulo started looking in a somewhat unlik

15、ely place:online. Many would say the Internet is a place for people who have given up on the traditional postal service, but Paulo􀆳s hunch(直觉)paid off.Today his hobby has developed into the website postcrossing. com, a social network that has grown to 575,217 registered users in 214 countri

16、es and regions since he started it 10 years ago. 3 Running the website has almost turned into a full-time job.Language is certainly a barrier for many people. For postcrossing to work worldwide, a common communication language is needed so that everyone can understand each other. As cool as it may b

17、e to receive a postcard written in Chinese, the concept doesn􀆳t work if one doesn􀆳t understand it. 4 So a common language is required and in postcrossing that􀆳s English since it􀆳s widely spoken.“Many people in China have limited exposure to English. 5 That said, w

18、e know of many postcrossing members, including Chinese, who have actually improved their English skills through their use of postcrossing,”Paulo says.A.And that􀆳s totally fine.B.That makes it extra hard to learn and practice it.C.He likes to think of sending postcards as a family-friendly h

19、obby.D.Many love to make a connection with someone from across the world.E.On August 5, the number of postcards exchanged by members topped 31 million.F.Similarly, if you speak only Chinese, receiving a card in Swedish takes part of the fun away.G.In short, he loves postcards, and the excitement of

20、getting a hand-written note from someone far away.答案语篇解读本文为记叙文,主题语境是人与社会,主题语境内容是良好的人际关系与社会交往。主人公保罗开发网站让世界各地的人们可以交换明信片。1.G解题指导主旨句。设空处位于段尾,通过代词指代缩小选项范围,通过相同信息在文中与选项中呼应锁定答案。解析第一段主要介绍主人公保罗,所以设空处重点关注C项和G项,这两项中的代词he指代保罗。第一句中的loves to open his mailbox and find a brightly colored picture of.与G项中的the excitem

21、ent of getting a hand-written note from someone far away对应,说明保罗喜欢收到不同的明信片。2.A解题指导过渡句。设空处位于段中,关注前后句所传递出的不同含义,理解主人公的情感。解析设空处前提出不是所有人都和保罗一样有这个爱好,后句提到他通过网络找其他志同道合的人,说明保罗对“不是所有人都和他有同样的爱好”这件事是能接受的(that􀆳s totally fine),而接受后要做的事情就是通过其他渠道找有相同爱好的人,设空处在情感上起到了过渡的作用。3.E解题指导细节句。设空处位于段中,关注段落主旨并通过数字信息锁定答案。

22、解析本段主要展现了与保罗爱好一样的人越来越多,主要通过具体数字来说明,设空处前有数字信息的体现,E项中出现的数字信息也与本段主旨对应。4.F解题指导细节句。设空处位于段中,通过段落主旨和关键词复现锁定答案。解析本段的关键词是language,说明本段的主旨围绕语言展开,设空处前出现Chinese,与F项中的Chinese对应,复查后发现除了F项与language有关外,其他选项均不对应。5.B解题指导细节句。关注代词。解析设空处前提到很多中国人接触英语不多,设空处后则告诉大家,很多人通过在互换明信片时使用英语,提高了英语水平,希望让大家知道这是一个让自己更多地接触英语、练习英语的机会。B项中的

23、That指代的就是“许多中国人接触英语不多”这个情况,B项中practice后的it指代的是English。Passage 3(2017课标全国)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning, and put the blame on the alarm clock. In fact, the key to easy morning wake-up lies in resetting your body clock. 1 Here􀆳s

24、how to make one.2 In order to make a change, you need to decide why it􀆳s important. Do you want to get up in time to have breakfast with your family, get in some exercise, or just be better prepared for your day? Once you are clear about your reasons, tell your family or roommates about the

25、 change you want to make.Rethink mornings. Now that you know why you want to wake up, consider re-arranging your morning activities. If you want time to have breakfast with your family, save some time the night before by setting out clothes, shoes, and bags. 3 That􀆳s a quarter-hour more you

26、 could be sleeping if you bought a coffee maker with a timer.Keep your sleep/wake schedule on weekends. If you􀆳re tired out by Friday night, sleeping in on Saturday could sound wonderful. But compensating on the weekends actually feeds into your sleepiness the following week, a recent study

27、 found. 4Keep a record and evaluate it weekly. Keep track of your efforts and write down how you feel. After you􀆳ve tried a new method for a week, take a look at your record. 5If not, take another look at other methods you could try.A.Get a sleep specialist.B.Find the right motivation.C.A b

28、etter plan for sleep can help.D.And consider setting a second alarm.E.If the steps you take are working, keep it up.F.Stick to your set bedtime and wake-up time, no matter the day.G.Reconsider the 15 minutes you spend in line at the cafe to get coffee.答案语篇解读这是一篇说明文,介绍了制订计划从而可以轻松起床的一些诀窍。短文分为五段:第一段提出许

29、多人感到起床比较困难,指出良好的计划有助于这一问题的解决,引出下文内容;第二段讲起床的诀窍之一是找到合适动机;第三段指出要重新考虑早晨的安排;第四段讲周末应该保持一贯的作息时间;第五段讲作记录并每周进行评估。1.C过渡句。本题前面的内容说许多人感到早上起床困难,将之归咎于闹钟,事实上轻松早起的关键在于重新设定你的生物钟。后面说如何制订一个(计划)。由此可以判断,C项A better plan for sleep can help.符合题意。2.B主旨句。本题位于第二段段首。后面说,为了改变,你需要决定它为什么重要。及时起床是为了与家人一起吃早饭?锻炼身体?还是做好一天的安排?一旦明确了原因,就

30、告诉家人或室友你想要作出的变化。由此可知,本段的关键词是早起的原因或动机。B项Find the right motivation.是对本段内容最好的概括。3.G细节句。本题位于第三段中。后一句说如果你买一台带定时器的咖啡机,你就会多出一刻钟的睡觉时间。G项意为“重新考虑你在咖啡馆排队买咖啡时所花的15分钟时间。”,与后一句完全契合。4.F细节句。本题所在段落讲的是周末应该保持一贯的作息时间。F项意为“无论哪一天,都坚持固定的睡觉和醒来时间。”,符合语境。故正确选项为F。5.E过渡句。本题在段落中间。前一句说新方法试用一周之后,要看一看你的记录。后一句说如果不行,再看一看你可以尝试的别的方法。由

31、此可以判断,E项符合语境。Passage 4(2016课标全国)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。A garden that􀆳s just right for youHave you ever visited a garden that seemed just right for you, where the atmosphere of the garden appeared to total more than the sum(总和)of its parts?1.But it doesn􀆳t happen b

32、y accident. It starts with looking inside yourself and understanding who you are with respect to the natural world and how you approach the gardening process.2Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants, flowers, patterns and masses of color. Others are concerned about using gardening

33、 methods that require less water and fewer fertilizers(肥料).3.However, there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden. One of them comes from our earliest years.Recall(回忆) your childhood memoriesOur model of what a garden should be often goes back to childhood. Grandma&

34、#1049011;s rose garden and Dad􀆳s vegetable garden might be good or bad, but that􀆳s not what􀆳s important.4how being in those gardens made us feel. If you􀆳d like to build a powerful bond with your garden, start by taking some time to recall the gardens of your youth

35、.5.Then go outside and work out a plan to translate your childhood memories into your grown-up garden. Have fun.A.Know why you gardenB.Find a good place for your own gardenC.It􀆳s our experience of the garden that mattersD.It􀆳s delightful to see so many beautiful flowersE.Still othe

36、rs may simply enjoy being outdoors and close to plantsF.You can produce that kind of magical quality in your own garden, tooG.For each of those gardens, write down the strongest memory you have答案语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。介绍了如何种植和经营好自己的花园和菜园。1.F过渡句。上句提到了氛围,F项中that kind of magical quality指代上句中的内容,故选F项。2.A主旨句。本段列举了

37、一些人的观点之后,提到other reasons that might explain why you want to garden,由此可以推断出本段的主旨就是:你要知道自己为什么要种植花木。3.E细节句。根据本段中的Some people may think that.Others are concerned about.可推断出此处应该是:Still others may.。4.C过渡句。上句提到:但是那并不重要。本句应为:重要的是我们自己种植花木的经历。matters=is important,故选C项。5.G过渡句。上句提到:通过花费时间回想你青年时期的园子开始吧。本句应为:为记忆中

38、的每一个园子,写下你最深刻的记忆。引出下文:然后走出去,制订一个计划把你小时候的记忆转化为你成年后的园子。Passage 5(2016课标全国)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Secret codes(密码)keep messages private. Banks, companies, and government agencies use secret codes in doing business, especially when information is sent by computer.People have used secre

39、t codes for thousands of years. 1Code breaking never lags(落后)far behind code making. The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography.There are three main types of cryptography. 2For example, the first letters of “My elephant eats too many eels”spell out the hidden message“M

40、eet me.” 3You might represent each letter with a number, for example. Lets number the letters of the alphabet, in order, from 1 to 26. If we substitute a number for each letter,the message “Meet me”would read“13 5 5 20 13 5.”A code uses symbols to replace words, phrases, or sentences. To read the me

41、ssage of a real code, you must have a code book. 4For example, “bridge”might stand for “meet”and“out”might stand for “me”.The message“Bridge out”would actually mean“Meet me.” 5However, it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long. So codes must be changed frequently.A.It is very hard to break

42、 a code without the code book.B.In any language, some letters are used more than others.C.Only people who know the keyword can read the message.D.As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them.E.You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.F.With a

43、code book,you might write down words that would stand for other words.G.Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.答案语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。介绍了密码的用途、历史以及三种密码方式。1.D过渡句。上句提到:人们使用密码已经几千年了。下句提到:密码的破解从未太落后于密码的设定。由此可知D项符合语境,意为“只要有密码,人们就会尽力去破解它们。”2.E过渡句。上句提到:有三种主要的密

44、码设定方式。下句提到:例如,“My elephant eats too many eels”的首字母就拼出了“Meet me”这一隐藏起来的信息。由此可知本句应该为一种密码的设定方式,根据下句举到的例子可知E项正确,意为“你可以用每个单词的首字母拼写出一条信息,以此来隐藏它。”3.G主旨句。上段指出有三种主要的密码设定方式,并且已经提到了一种,本段应该指出另外一种。下文举例说明了用数字来代替字母的密码方式,由此可知G项能起到统领本段的作用,意为“另外一种隐藏信息的方式就是用符号来代替字母表中特定的字母。”4.F细节句。上句指出:要解读某个真实密码的信息,你必须要有密码本。本句是对上句的解释说明

45、,结合下文举到的例子,可推断出本句主要解释如何利用密码本来破解隐藏起来的信息。F项符合语境,意为“拥有了密码本,你也许就能写出代表其他单词的单词。”5.A细节句。上文指出了利用密码本来破解密码的方式。A项是总结上文内容得出的结论,意为“没有密码本就很难破解密码”,而且根据下句“.it is also hard to.”的句型结构也可得知A项符合语境。高级词块1.code breaking密码破译2.cryptography/krpt􀱹rfi/ n.密码学 3.substitute.for.用代替Passage 6(2016课标全国)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白

46、处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Everyone knows that fish is good for health.1But it seems that many people don􀆳t cook fish at home. Americans eat only about fifteen pounds of fish per person per year, but we eat twice as much fish in restaurants as at home. Buying, storing, and cooking fish isn􀆳

47、;t difficult. 2 This text is about how to buy and cook fish in an easy way.3 Fresh fish should smell sweet: you should feel that you􀆳re standing at the ocean􀆳s edge. Any fishy or strong smell means the fish isn􀆳t fresh. 4When you have bought a fish and arrive home, you

48、49011;d better store the fish in the refrigerator if you don􀆳t cook it immediately, but fresh fish should be stored in your fridge for only a day or two. Frozen fish isn􀆳t as tasty as the fresh one.There are many common methods used to cook fish. 5First, clean it and season it with

49、 your choice of spices(调料). Put the whole fish on a plate and steam it in a steam pot for 8 to 10 minutes if it weighs about one pound. (A larger one will take more time.)Then, it􀆳s ready to serve.A.Do not buy it.B.The easiest is to steam it.C.This is how you can do it.D.It just requires a

50、little knowledge.E.The fish will go bad within hours.F.When buying fish, you should first smell it.G.The fats in fish are thought to help prevent heart disease.答案语篇解读本文为说明文,介绍了买鱼和烹饪鱼的小窍门。1.G细节句。上句提到吃鱼对人的健康有益,本句是对上句的解释说明,G项符合语境,意为“人们认为鱼的脂肪有助于预防心脏病。”2.D细节句。上句指出:购买、储存和烹饪鱼并不是难事。本句承接上句,D项符合语境,意为“它只需要一点儿知

51、识”。3.F主旨句。下文指出了新鲜的鱼和不新鲜的鱼都有什么气味,由此可判断F项为主题句,意为“买鱼时应该先闻闻味道”。4.A细节句。上句指出有腥味或者味儿很大的鱼不新鲜,本句承接上句,指出不要购买这样的鱼,故A项正确。5.B过渡句。上文指出做鱼的方法有很多种,根据下文出现的steam可知此处讲述了清蒸的方法,故B项正确,意为“最简单的方法就是清蒸”。Passage 7(2015课标全国)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Building Trust in a Relationship AgainTrust is a learned behavio

52、r that we gain from past experiences.1Trust is a risk.But you can􀆳t be successful when there􀆳s a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake.Unfortunately,we􀆳ve all been victims of betrayal.Whet

53、her we􀆳ve been stolen from,lied to,misled,or cheated on,there are different levels of losing trust.Sometimes people simply can􀆳t trust anymore.2It􀆳s understandable,but if you􀆳re willing to build trust in a relationship again,we have some steps you can take to get

54、you there.3Having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being.4If you􀆳ve been betrayed,you are the victim of your circumstance.But there􀆳s a difference between being a victim and living with a“victi

55、m mentality”.At some point in all of our lives,we􀆳ll have our trust tested or violated.You didn􀆳t lose“everything”.Once trust is lost,what is left?Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle,look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in y

56、our life.5Instead,it􀆳s a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness.A.Learn to really trust yourself.B.It is putting confidence in someone.C.Stop regarding yourself as the victim.D.Remember that you can expect the best in return.E.TheyЙ

57、011;ve been too badly hurt and they can􀆳t bear to let it happen again.F.This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships.G.Seeing the positive side of things doesn􀆳t mean you􀆳re ignoring what happened.答案语篇解读人和人之间需要相互信任,赢得别人的信任并不是一件容易的事。我们也曾在某

58、个特定的关系群中失去了对别人的信任,成了背叛的受害者。如何重新在这个关系群中建立起那份信任呢?本文给出了几条建议。1.B第一段阐述了什么是“信任”。空格前说Trust is a learned behavior.,空格后说Trust is a risk.由此推断出选B项。2.E空格前列举了遭遇背叛的几种情况:被偷、被撒谎、被误导、被欺骗,这些事情的发生使人们受到了深深的伤害,他们不能容忍它再次发生。故选E项。3.A根据后面句子中的Having confidence in yourself可知此处作者建议:学会真正信任你自己。故选A项。4.C根据后面句子中的you are the victim和

59、being a victim以及a “victim mentality”可知此处作者的建议是:不要再把自己当成一个受害者。故选C项。5.G空格前作者建议:不要从绝望的角度看局面,而要感激你生活中所有的好的方面。空格后作者说:这是一种健康的方式。由此推断出此处答案为G项:看到事情积极的方面并不意味着你在忽视已经发生的事情。Passage 8(2015课标全国)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Training for a marathon requires careful preparation and steady,gradual increas

60、es in the length of the runs.1,buy the best-fitting,best-built running shoes you can find. No one can say which brand will work best for you or feel best on your feet,so you have to rely on your experience and on the feel of each pair as you shop.When you have found shoes that seem right,walk in the

61、m for a few days to double-check the fit.2.As always,you should stretch(伸展)at least ten minutes before each run to prevent injuries.During the first week,do not think about distance,but run five minutes longer each day.3,it is wise to take a day off to rest.But during the next week,set a goal of at

62、least a mile and a half per run.4.After two weeks,start timing yourself.5.Depending on the kind of race you plan to enter,you can set up a timetable for the remaining weeks before the race.A.After six daysB.For a good marathon runnerC.Before you begin your trainingD.With each day,increase the distan

63、ce by a half mileE.If they still feel good,you can begin running in themF.Time spent for preparation raises the quality of trainingG.Now you are ready to figure out a goal of improving distance and time答案语篇解读本文介绍了马拉松训练需要认真的准备和稳定、渐进的过程。1.C根据第二段中的During the first week可知这里是指训练前的准备工作,故选C。2.E设空处与其前一句是顺承关

64、系,故选E。3.A根据上文During the first week 和下文 take a day off to rest 可知,一周七天里训练六天后休息一天是明智的,故选A。4.D根据本段第一句中的During the first week, do not think about distance 和第二个But可知,这里要考虑距离的问题了,故选D。5.G设空处对上文进行总结,根据下文的timetable和设空处前两句话可知,这里是增加距离和设定时间的目标。故选G。Passage 9(2015北京)根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。This

65、 Way to DreamlandDaydreaming means people think about something pleasant,especially when this makes them forget what they should be doing.Daydreamers have a bad reputation for being unaware of what􀆳s happening around them.They can seem forgetful and clumsy.1They annoy us because they seem t

66、o be ignoring us and missing the important things.But daydreamers are also responsible for some of the greatest ideas and achievements in human history.2Can you imagine what kind of world we would have without such ideas and inventions?So how can you come up with brilliant daydreams and avoid fallin

67、g over tree roots or otherwise looking like a fool?First,understand that some opportunities(机会) for daydreaming are better than others.Feeling safe and relaxed will help you to slip into daydreams.3And if you want to improve your chances of having a creative idea while you􀆳re daydreaming,tr

68、y to do it while you are involved in another taskpreferably something simple,like taking a shower or walking,or even making meaningless drawings.It􀆳s also important to know how to avoid daydreams for those times when you really need to concentrate.“Mindfulness”,being focused,is a tool that

69、some people use to avoid falling asleep.4Finally,you never know what wonderful idea might strike while your mind has moved slowly away.5Always remember that your best ideas might come when your head is actually in the clouds.A.Having interesting things to think about also helps.B.They stare off into

70、 space and wander by themselves.C.Without wandering minds,we wouldn􀆳t have relativity,Coke or Post-it notes.D.At one time,daydreaming was thought to be a cause of some mental illnesses.E.It involves slow,steady breathing for self-control that helps people stay calm and attentive.F.Daydreams

71、 are often very simple and direct,quite unlike sleep dreams,which may be hard to understand.G.Therefore,it􀆳s a good idea to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby when you􀆳re in the daydream zone.答案语篇解读文章介绍了做白日梦的人有时健忘、笨拙,但是伟大的思想和成就是和白日梦分不开的。1.B由前句和后句可知该句在描述做白日梦的人的情况。故选B项。2.C由前句的表

72、述可知在人类历史上一些伟大的想法和辉煌的成就是由那些爱做白日梦的人带来的。C项中的relativity(相对论),Coke和Post-it notes是列举的一些伟大想法和成就,故C项符合此处语境。3.A由前文可知本段在讲述如何做巧妙的白日梦,故选A项。4.E第五段叙述了在人们需要集中注意力时,如何避免做白日梦。由E项中的关键词attentive(专注的)可知选E项。5.G文章第六段第一句与G项为因果关系。Passage 10(2014课标全国)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。The jobs of the future have not ye

73、t been invented.1By helping them develop classic skills that will serve them well no matter what the future holds.1.CuriosityYour children need to be deeply curious.2Ask kids,“What ingredients(配料)can we add to make these pancakes even better next time?”and then try them out.Did those ingredients mak

74、e the pancakes better?What could we try next time?2.CreativityTrue creativity is the ability to take something existing and create something new from it.3There are a dozen different things you can do with them.Experimenting with materials to create something new can go a long way in helping them dev

75、elop their creativity.3.Interpersonal SkillsUnderstanding how others feel can be a challenge for kids.We know what􀆳s going on inside our own head,but what about others?Being able to read people helps kids from misreading a situation and jumping to false conclusions.4“Why do you think she

76、049011;s crying?”“Can you tell how that man is feeling by looking at his face?”“If someone were to do that to you,how would you feel?”4.Self Expression5There are many ways to express thoughts and ideasmusic,acting,drawing,building,photography.You may find that your child is attracted by one more tha

77、n another.A.Encourage kids to cook with you.B.And we can􀆳t forget science education.C.We can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways.D.So how can we help our kids prepare for jobs that don􀆳t yet exist?E.Gardening is another great activity for helping kids develop thi

78、s skill.F.We can do this in real life or ask questions about characters in stories.G.Being able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable skill.答案语篇解读本文为说明文,主要讲述了如何培养孩子们最优秀的技能以满足未来新出现的职业需要。1.D根据空格后面的By helping.可知该空应该是针对方式的提问,故选D项。2.A由下文可知A项内容符合此处语境。3.C由上下文语境中的“new”“different”及“materials

79、”可知答案。4.F空格后是三个连续的问题,F项中的“ask questions”与之照应。5.G空格后面一句话中的express thoughts and ideas与G项中的communicate ideas照应。Passage 11(2014课标全国)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Tips for Cooking on a Tight ScheduleFrom my experience,there are three main reasons why people don􀆳t cook more often:abili

80、ty,money,and time.1Money is a topic I􀆳ll save for another day.So today I want to give you some wisdom about how to make the most of the time you spend in the kitchen.Here are three tips for great cooking on a tight schedule:1.Think ahead.The moments when I think cooking is a pain are when I

81、􀆳m already hungry and there􀆳s nothing ready to eat.So think ahead of the coming week.When will you have time to cook?Do you have the right materials already?22.Make your time worth it.When you do find time to cook a meal,make the most of it and save yourself time later on.Are you m

82、aking one loaf of bread?3It takes around the same amount of time to make more of something.So save yourself the effort for a future meal.3.4This may surprise you,but one of the best tools for making cooking worth your time is experimentation.It gives you the chance to hit upon new ideas and recipes

83、that can work well with your appetite and schedule.The more you learn and the more you try,the more ability you have to take control of your food and your schedule.Hopefully that gives you a good start.5 And don􀆳t let a busy schedule discourage you from making some great changes in the way

84、you eat and live!A.Try new things.B.Ability is easily improved.C.Make three or four instead.D.Understand your food better.E.Cooking is a burden for many people.F.Let cooking and living simply be a joy rather than a burden.G.A little time planning ahead can save a lot of work later on.答案语篇解读本文为说明文,题材

85、是介绍说明类。紧张的生活节奏并不妨碍你为自己或家人做上一顿可口的饭菜,看看作者为我们提供的建议吧。1.B上文提到三个不常做饭的理由:能力、钱和时间。下文提到钱是下一个话题,这里主要谈论如何利用花费在烹饪上的时间,故答案选B(能力是容易改进的)。2.G该段建议提前做出烹饪计划,故答案选G(提前一点制订计划会省去很多后面的工作)。3.C根据下文“花费几乎相同的时间来制作更多食物”可推断出,这里指把制作一条面包改为制作三到四条面包。4.A根据下文It gives you the chance to hit upon new ideas and recipes.可推断出,本空应选A(尝试新事物)。5.

86、F根据下文“不要让繁忙的日程妨碍你在饮食和生活方式上做出美好的改变”可推断出,答案选F(让烹饪和生活仅仅是快乐而非负担)。Passage 12(2014北京)根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Evaluating Sources(来源)of Health InformationMaking good choices about your own health requires reasonable evaluation.A key first step in bettering your evaluation ability is to lo

87、ok carefully at your sources of health information.Reasonable evaluation includes knowing where and how to find relevant information,how to separate fact from opinion,how to recognize poor reasoning,and how to analyze information and the reliability of sources.1Go to the original source.Media report

88、s often simplify the results of medical research.Find out for yourself what a study really reported,and determine whether it was based on good science.Think about the type of study.2Watch for misleading language.Some studies will find that a behavior “contributes to” or is “associated with” an outco

89、me;this does not mean that a certain course must lead to a certain result.3Carefully read or listen to information in order to fully understand it.Use your common sense.If a report seems too good to be true,probably it is.Be especially careful of information contained in advertisements.4Evaluate “sc

90、ientific” statements carefully,and be aware of quackery(江湖骗术).5Friends and family members can be a great source of ideas and inspiration,but each of us needs to find a healthy lifestyle that works for us.Developing the ability to evaluate reasonably and independently about health problems will serve

91、 you well throughout your life.A.Make choices that are right for you.B.The goal of an ad is to sell you something.C.Be sure to work through the critical questions.D.And examine the findings of the original research.E.Distinguish between research reports and public health advice.F.Be aware that infor

92、mation may also be incorrectly explained by an author􀆳s point of view.G.The following suggestions can help you sort through the health information you receive from common sources.答案语篇解读本文为说明文。作者针对如何识别正确的健康信息提供了一些建议。1.G根据文章第二段、第三段、第四段的首句可以看出作者提供了一些建议,因此本空引出了下文的多个建议,故选择G项。2.D根据第二段的第一句“Go to t

93、he original source.”可以看出D选项“And examine the findings of the original research.”与第二段内容匹配。3.F根据第三段第一句“Watch for misleading language.”可以看出F项“Be aware that information may also be incorrectly explained.”与本段内容匹配。4.B空格处前一句中出现的advertisements与B项中的ad对应,因此选择B项。5.A空格后的“.that works for us.”与A项“Make choices that

94、 are right for you.”对应,故选择A项。Passage 13(2014辽宁)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Eyesight plays a very important role in our daily life.Every waking moment,the eyes are working to see the world around us.Over forty percent of Americans worry about losing eyesight,but it􀆳s easy to inc

95、lude steps into our daily life to ensure healthy eyes.Here are five suggestions for a lifetime of healthy eyesight:Schedule yearly exams.1Experts advise parents to bring babies 6 to 12 months of age to the doctor for a careful check.The good news is that millions of children now can have yearly eye

96、exams and following treatment,including eyeglasses.Protect against UV rays(紫外线).Long-term stay in the sun creates risk to your eyes.No matter what the season is,it􀆳s extremely important to wear sunglasses.2Give your eyes a break.Two-thirds of Americans spend up to seven hours a day using co

97、mputers or other digital products.3Experts recommend that people practice the 20/20/20 rule:every 20 minutes,take a 20-second break and look at something 20 feet away.4As part of a healthy diet,eat more fruits and vegetables each day.Vitamins(维生素)C and E help protect eyesight and promote eye health.

98、Practice safe wear and care of contact lenses(隐形眼镜).Many Americans use contact lenses to improve their eyesight.While some follow the medical guidance for wearing contact lenses,many are breaking the rules and putting their eyesight at risk.5Otherwise,you may have problems such as red eyes,pain in t

99、he eyes,or a more serious condition.A.Eat your greens.B.Eye care should begin early in life.C.They can properly protect your eyes.D.Stay in good shape by taking more vitamins.E.Parents usually don􀆳t care about their own eyesight.F.Always follow the doctor􀆳s advice for appropriate w

100、ear.G.This frequent eye activity increases the risk for eye tiredness.答案语篇解读本文为说明文。文章主要给出了五种拥有健康视力的建议。1.B根据上文Schedule yearly exams.和下文Experts advise parents to bring babies 6 to 12 months of age.及选项中的Eye care和early in life可知选B项。2.C戴太阳镜预防紫外线,它们可以适当地保护你的眼睛。本句是对上文的总结概括。3.G三分之二的美国人一天会花费多达7小时的时间来使用电脑或其他数

101、码产品。这种频繁的眼部活动会提高眼睛疲劳的风险。根据句意应选择G项。4.AEat your greens.吃出绿色。下文均与饮食有关,所以选A项。5.F上下文均与戴隐形眼镜有关,所以选择含有关键词wear的选项。medical guidance和doctor􀆳s advice也互为暗示。Passage 14(2013辽宁)ForgivenessTo forgive is a virtue,but no one has ever said it is easy.When someone has deeply hurt you,it can be extremely diffic

102、ult to let go of your hate.However,forgiveness is possible,and it can be surprisingly beneficial to your physical and mental health.People who forgive show less sadness,anger and stress and more hopefulness,according to a recent research.1Try the following steps:Calm yourself.2You can take a couple

103、of breaths and think of something that gives you pleasure:a beautiful scene in nature,or someone you love.Don􀆳t wait for an apology.Many times the person who hurt you does not intend to apologize.They may have wanted to hurt you or they just don􀆳t see things the same way.3Keep in m

104、ind that forgiveness does not necessarily mean becoming friends again with the person who upset you.Take the control away from your offender(冒犯者).Rethinking about your hurt gives power to the person who caused you pain.Instead of focusing on your wounded feelings,learn to look for the love,beauty an

105、d kindness around you.4If you understand your offender,you may realize that he or she was acting out of unawareness,fear,and even love.You may want to write a letter to yourself from your offender􀆳s point of view.Don􀆳t forget to forgive yourself.5But it can rob you of your self-con

106、fidence if you don􀆳t do it.A.Why should you forgive?B.How should you start to forgive?C.Recognize the benefits of forgiveness.D.Try to see things from your offender􀆳s angle.E.For some people,forgiving themselves is the biggest challenge.F.To make your anger die away,try a simple st

107、ress-management technique.G.If you wait for people to apologize,you could be waiting an awfully long time.答案语篇解读本文为说明文,主要向读者介绍了如何开始宽恕别人或自己的方法。1.B第一段说明了宽恕的意义,该空格后的各段说明了宽恕的具体方法,由此可推断该空格处应为一承上启下的过渡句,故选B项。2.F根据段落中心句Calm yourself.和下文的关键信息think of something that gives you pleasure可确定答案。3.G根据关键词apology可迅速确

108、定答案。4.D根据关键信息write a letter to yourself from your offender􀆳s point of view可确定答案。5.E根据段落中心句Don􀆳t forget to forgive yourself.中的关键信息forgive yourself可确定答案。Passage 15(2013课标全国)Business is the organized approach to providing customers with the goods and services they want.The word busine

109、ss also refers to an organization that provides these goods and services.Most businesses seek to make a profit(利润)that is,they aim to achieve income that is more than the costs of operating the business.1Commonly called nonprofits,these organizations are primarily nongovernmental service providers.2

110、Business management is a term used to describe the techniques of planning,direction,and control of the operations of a business.3One is the establishment(制定)of broad basic policies with respect to production;sales;the purchase of equipment,materials and supplies;and accounting.4The third relates to

111、the establishment of standards of work in all departments.Direction is concerned primarily with supervision(监管)and guidance by the management in authority.5A.Control includes the use of records and reports to compare actual work with the set standards for work.B.In this connection there is the diffe

112、rence between top management and operative management.C.Examples of nonprofit businesses include such organizations as social service agencies and many hospitals.D.However,some businesses only seek to earn enough to cover their operating costs.E.The second aspect relates to the application of these

113、policies by departments.F.In the theory of business management,organization has two main aspects.G.Planning in business management has three main aspects.答案语篇解读本文为说明文,题材为社会与热点。本文介绍什么是商业及商业管理。1.D上文谈盈利,下文与其相反,谈非盈利,所以表示转折。2.C紧跟上文举例说明。3.G由下文中的One is.The third relates.可知G项符合。4.E上面说的是One is.下面说的是The third

114、.,那么这里应该是第二。5.A由本段开头中的planning,direction,and control of.及后面内容中对planning,direction的说明可知A项符合。高级词块with respect to关于,涉及be concerned with与有关联长难句Most businesses seek to make a profit(利润)that is,they aim to achieve income that is more than the costs of operating the business.大多数行业追求利润也就是说,他们的目的是获得比经营商业的成本要

115、多的收入。that is意为:即,用来解释说明。income之后的that is more.是定语从句。Passage 16(2013课标全国)Public Speaking Training Get a coach1,so get help.Since there are about a billion companies out there all ready to offer you public speaking training and courses,here are some things to look for when deciding the training that&#

116、1049011;s right for you. Focus on positivesAny training you do to become more effective at public speaking should always focus on the positive aspects of what you already do well.Nothing can hurt confidence more than being told that you aren􀆳t doing well.2,so good public speaking training s

117、hould develop those instead of telling you what you shouldn􀆳t do. 3If you find a public speaking course that looks as though it􀆳s going to give you lots of dos and don􀆳ts,walk away!Your brain is so full of what you􀆳re going to be talking about.4.As far as weЙ

118、011;re concerned,there are basically no hard and fast rules about public speaking.Your audience can be your friends. You are a special person not a cloneMost importantly,good public speaking training should treat you as a special one,with your own personal habits.5.Your training course should help y

119、ou bring out your personality,not try to turn you into someone you􀆳re not.A.You aren􀆳t like anybody elseB.You already do lots of things wellC.Turn your back on too many rulesD.Check the rules about dos and don􀆳tsE.Whatever the presentation,public speaking is toughF.The one

120、 thing you don􀆳t want is for them to fall asleepG.So trying to force a whole set of rules into it will just make things worse答案语篇解读本文为应用文,题材是兴趣与爱好。当着众多的听众讲话是一件很困难的事,那就参加培训班吧。究竟什么样的培训班好呢?本文给出了答案。1.E根据逗号后的so get help可推断出该句应该是表达:public speaking是困难的,因此要得到帮助。2.B根据后面一句话的表达:好的公共演讲培训应该帮你发扬你做得好的东西,而

121、不是告诉你不该去做什么。由此推断出答案为B项:你已经把很多事情做得很好了。3.C根据该段中的walk away可以推断出作者让我们对这样的培训班断然拒绝,故选C项:拒绝太多的规则。4.G前一句话说:你的脑子里已经装满了你要讲的东西,因此再试图把一整套规则强行塞进去会使得情况更加糟糕。故选G项。5.A根据下句话中的bring out your personality可以推断出此处表达:你和别人不一样。故选A项。高级词块focus on专注于positive aspect积极方面长难句Since there are about a billion companies out there all r

122、eady to offer you public speaking training and courses, here are some things to look for when deciding the training that􀆳s right for you.因为大约有10亿家公司都准备给你提供公共演讲的培训与课程, 以下是当你决定适合你的培训时要关注的事项。本句为复合句。since 引导原因状语从句, 主句中when引导时间状语从句, that 引导定语从句。Passage 17(2013北京)UrbanizationUntil relatively rece

123、ntly,the vast majority of human beings lived and died without ever seeing a city.The first city was probably founded no more than 5,500 years ago.1In fact,nearly everyone lived on farms or in tiny rural(乡村的)villages.It was not until the 20th century that Great Britain became the first urban society

124、in historya society in which the majority of people live in cities and do not farm for a living.Britain was only the beginning.2The process of urbanizationthe migration(迁徙)of people from the countryside to the citywas the result of modernization,which has rapidly transformed how people live and wher

125、e they live.In 1900,fewer than 40% of Americans lived in urban areas.Today,over 82% of Americans live in cities.Only about 2% live on farms.3Large cities were impossible until agriculture became industrialized.Even in advanced agricultural societies,it took about ninety-five people on farms to feed

126、five people in cities.4Until modern times,those living in cities were mainly the ruling elite(精英)and the servants,laborers and professionals who served them.Cities survived by taxing farmers and were limited in size by the amount of surplus food that the rural population produced and by the ability

127、to move this surplus from farm to city.Over the past two centuries,the Industrial Revolution has broken this balance between the city and the country.5Today,instead of needing ninety-five farmers to feed five city people,one American farmer is able to feed more than a hundred non-farmers.A.That kept

128、 cities very small.B.The rest live in small towns.C.The effects of urban living on people should be considered.D.Soon many other industrial nations became urban societies.E.But even 200 years ago,only a few people could live in cities.F.Modernization drew people to the cities and made farmers more p

129、roductive.G.Modern cities have destroyed social relations and the health of human beings.答案语篇解读本文为说明文,题材为社会与热点,主要讲述了城市化的进程。1.E第一段主要讲述了在过去城市非常少,大多数人都是住在农场或乡村里,根据主旨可知应选择E项。2.D空格前一句中的beginning与D项中的Soon相对应,英国只是个开始,之后一些其他的国家也开始成为城市化的社会,故选择D项。3.B空格所在的段落通过列举数据来体现现在城市化的扩大,绝大多数的美国人住在城市里,少部分住在农场里,因此此空说明剩下的人居住

130、在何地,故选择B项。4.A此空之前在阐述过去城市不可能大的原因,因此A项与前面的意思对应。5.F空格前一句阐述工业革命打破了此前城市和乡村的这种平衡,因此空格处是对前一句内容的进一步阐述,因此选择F项。Passage 18(2012辽宁)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。How to Make FriendsFriendship is a very important human relationship and everyone needs good friends.Good friendship has many benefits.It of

131、fers companionship,improves self-worth and promotes good health.There are times in our lives such as when we have recently moved into a new town,or changed our jobs or schools.Such changes often leave us without a friend.1But for many of us the process is difficult and requires courage.Below are som

132、e helpful suggestions on how to make and keep friends.1.Associate with others.The first step to making friends is associating with other people.You can go to public places to meet new people.Besides,you will need to make yourself known by becoming an active member of such places.2.Start a conversati

133、on.Starting a conversation is the second most important step in making new friends.2You can always start the conversation.Being able to make small talk is a very useful skill in relating with other people.3.3Choosing friends with common interests is important in building friendship as these interest

134、s would always bring you and your friend together.Hanging out will always be a pleasant experience.4.Let it grow.It is a good thing to stay in touch.However,try not to press your new friend with calls,messages or visits as this would likely wear him or her out and finally you may lose your friend.4T

135、he best friendships are the ones that grow naturally.5.Enjoy your friendship.The best way to enjoy your friendship is to allow your friends to be themselves.5Try not to change them from who they are to what you want them to be.Become the kind of friend you will want your friend to be to you.A.Be che

136、erful.B.Do things together.C.Do not wait to be spoken to.D.Try not to find fault with your friends.E.Making new friends comes easy for some people.F.For a friendship to develop you need to stay in touch.G.So you will need to give your friend time to react to you.答案语篇解读本文为说明文,介绍了“如何交朋友”。1.E细节理解题。根据下文

137、“但是对于我们很多人来说这个过程艰难而且需要勇气”得出上文:对于某些人来说结交新朋友容易。2.C细节理解题。根据下文:你可以总是开始谈话。选出上文:不要等着人家跟你说话。3.B主旨要义题。根据其后一段的大意可归纳出“Do things together”为本段小标题。4.G细节理解题。根据本段大意:最好的友谊应该是自然增长的,所以要给朋友时间来对你作出反应,不要操之过急。5.D细节理解题。根据句式Try not to do.选择D,不要对朋友挑剔。find fault with sb.对某人挑剔。Passage 19(2012北京)根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

138、选项中有两项为多余选项。EmpathyLast year,researchers from the University of Michigan reported that empathy,the ability to understand other people,among college students had dropped sharply over the past 10 years.1Today,people spend more time alone and are less likely to join groups and clubs.Jennifer Freed,a co

139、-director of a teen program,has another explanation.Turn on the TV,and you􀆳re showered with news and reality shows full of people fighting,competing,and generally treating one another with no respect.2There are good reasons not to follow those bad examples.Humans are socially related by nat

140、ure.3Researchers have also found that empathetic teenagers are more likely to have high self-respect.Besides,empathy can be a cure for loneliness,sadness,anxiety,and fear.Empathy is also an indication of a good leader.In fact,Freed says,many top companies report that empathy is one of the most impor

141、tant things they look for in new managers.4“Academics are important.But if you don􀆳t have emotional(情感的)intelligence,you won􀆳t be as successful in work or in your love life,”she says.What􀆳s the best way to up your EQ(情商)?For starters,let down your guard and really listen t

142、o others.5To really develop empathy,you􀆳d better volunteer at a nursing home or a hospital,join a club or a team that has a diverse membership,have a “sharing circle”with your family,or spend time caring for pets at an animal shelter.A.Everyone is different,and levels of empathy differ from

143、 person to person.B.That could be because so many people have replaced face time with screen time,the researchers said.C.“One doesn􀆳t develop empathy by having a lot of opinions and doing a lot of talking,”Freed says.D.Humans learn by exampleand most of the examples on it are anything but e

144、mpathetic.E.Empathy is a matter of learning how to understand someone elseboth what they think and how they feel.F.Good social skillsincluding empathyare a kind of “emotional intelligence”that will help you succeed in many areas of life.G.Having relationships with other people is an important part o

145、f being humanand having empathy is decisive to those relationships.答案语篇解读本文为说明文,题材为科普知识类。研究人员发现大学生“心意相通”这一能力在最近的10年里急剧下降,文章向我们介绍了是什么导致了这一能力的下降以及如何提高这种能力。1.B此空前一句指出“心意相通”这一能力在最近的10年里急剧下降,后一句应解释下降的原因,因此选择B项。B项的主语that指代前一句所述现象,空格前一句的researchers与B项中的the researchers said相呼应。2.D第二段阐述了“心意相通”能力下降的另一个解释,此空前一

146、句列举了几个例子fighting, competing, treating one another with no respect,这与D项中的examples相呼应。此外第三段第一句话中的those bad examples也与D项中的examples相呼应,故选择D项。3.G第三段列举了一些对“心意相通”有利的现象,此空前一句中的Humans与G项的being human相呼应,另外前一句中的related与G项中的relationships相呼应,故选择G项。4.F此空后面的emotional intelligence和successful与F项中的emotional intellige

147、nce和succeed相呼应,故选择F项。5.C此空前一句提到listen to others倾听他人说话(可以提高情商),C项中讲到你就只顾自己说话(不听别人的倾诉)则不会提高“心意相通”这个能力,因此选择C项符合上下文之间的关联。Passage 20(2011课标全国)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Money MattersParents should help their children understand money.1So you may start talking about money when your child sho

148、ws an interest in buying things,candy or toys,for example.1.The basic function of moneyBegin explaining the basic function of money by showing how people trade money for goods or services.It is important to show your child how money is traded for the things he wants to have.If he wants to have a toy

149、,give him the money and let him hand the money to the cashier(收银员).2 When your child grows a bit older and understands the basic function of money,you can start explaining more complex ways of using money.2.Money lessonsApproach money lessons with openness and honesty.3 If you must say no to a child

150、􀆳s request to spend money,explain,“You have enough toy trucks for now.”Or,if the request is for many different things,say,“You have to make a choice between this toy and that toy.”3.4Begin at the grocery store.Pick out two similar brands of a producta name-brand butter and a generic(无商标产品),

151、for example.You can show your child how to make choices between different brands of a product so that you can save money.5 If he chooses the cheaper brand,allow him to make another purchase with the money saved.Later,you may explain how the more expensive choice leaves less money for other purchases

152、.A.Wise decisionsB.The value of moneyC.Permit the child to choose between them.D.Tell your child why he canor cannothave certain things.E.Ask yourself what things that cost money are most important to you.F.Talk about how the money bought the thing after you leave the toy store.G.The best time to te

153、ach a child anything about money is when he shows an interest.答案语篇解读本文为说明文,主要帮助父母清楚如何教育孩子看待金钱。1.G根据后文,当你的孩子对买糖果或玩具感兴趣时,你可以和他谈论钱,可知教育孩子的最佳时机是在他感兴趣的时候。2.F前文说他想买玩具,可知答案为F项。3.D由文中第二部分意思:当孩子想买东西时,向他说明什么可以买,什么不可以买,得知答案为D项。4.A由文中第三部分意思:挑选两个不同品牌的产品,给孩子展示如何选择,可知答案为明智的选择,它是主题句。5.C由后文“如果他选择便宜的”得知让孩子自己选择。Passag

154、e 21(2011辽宁)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Easy Ways to Keep Your Brain SharpEveryone is forgetful,but as we age,we start to feel like our brains are slowing down a bitand that can be a very annoying thing.1Read on for some techniques worth trying.1.2People who regularly made plans and loo

155、ked forward to upcoming events had a 50 percent reduced chance of Alzheimer􀆳s disease(早老性痴呆症),according to a recent study.3Something as simple as setting a goal to have a weekly coffee date with a friend will do.There􀆳s evidence that people who have a purpose in life or who are wor

156、king on long or short-term goals appear to do better.In other words,keep your brain looking forward.2.Go for a walk.Mildly raised glucose(葡萄糖)levels can harm the area of the brain that helps you form memories and physical activity can help get blood glucose down to normal levels.In fact,exercise pro

157、duces chemicals that are good for your brain.43.Learn something new.Take a Spanish class online,join a drawing club,or learn to play cards.A study found that mental stimulation(刺激)limits the weakening effects of aging on memory and the mind.But the best thing for your brain is when you learn somethi

158、ng new and are physically active at the same time.5Or go dancing with your friends.A.Focus on the future.B.This can be especially harmful to the aged.C.It should be something like learning gardening.D.So take a few minutes each day to do some reading.E.But don􀆳t worry if your schedule isn&#

159、1049011;t filled with life-changing events.F.Luckily,research shows there is a lot you can do to avoid those moments.G.In other words,when you take care of your body,you take care of your brain.答案语篇解读本文为说明文。文章介绍了三种简单易行的方法来帮助人们减缓健忘的症状。1.F根据下文“阅读下面值得尝试的一些技巧”可以推断出,作者在这里提到了可以避免那类事情发生的办法,故选择F。2.A根据下文第一句可

160、知,那些经常为将来做计划的人可以减少50%患上早老性痴呆症的概率,由此推断该段的标题为A,即“着眼于未来”。3.E与下文“Something as simple as.”相对照而言的话,这里指“对未来做计划并不一定是什么改变生活的大事件”。4.G根据第二部分标题“Go for a walk”可以看出,该段是讲述运动对大脑的影响。根据此空前一句“运动可以产生对大脑有益的化学物质”可知,“关心身体就是关心大脑”。5.C根据第三部分标题“学习新东西”可以看出,只有C项提及了“learning”。Passage 22(2011北京)根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有

161、两项为多余选项。Public Speaking and Critical ThinkingWhat is critical thinking?To a certain degree,it􀆳s a matter of logic(逻辑)of being able to spot weaknesses in other people􀆳s arguments and to avoid them in your own.It also includes related skills such as distinguishing fact from opinion a

162、nd assessing the soundness of evidence.In the broad sense,critical thinking is focused,organized thinkingthe ability to see clearly the relationships among ideas.1The greatest thinkers,scientists,and inventors have often taken information that was readily available and put it together differently to

163、 produce new ideas.That,too,is critical thinking.2As the class goes on,for example,you will probably spend a good deal of time organizing your speeches.While this may seem like a purely mechanical(机械的)exercise,it is closely connected with critical thinking.If the structure of your speech is loose an

164、d confused,chances are that your thinking is also disordered and confused.If,on the other hand,the structure is clear,there is a good chance your thinking is too.Organizing a speech is not just a matter of arranging the ideas you already have.3What is true of organization is true of many aspects of

165、public speaking.4As you work on expressing your ideas in clear,accurate language,you will improve your ability to think clearly and accurately.5As you learn to listen critically to speeches in class,you will be better able to assess the ideas of speakers in a variety of situations.If you take full a

166、dvantage of your speech class,you will be able to develop your skills as a critical thinker in many circumstances.This is one reason public speaking has been regarded as a vital part of education since the days of ancient Greece.A.Rather,it is an important part of shaping the ideas themselves.B.This

167、 may seem like a lot of time,but the rewards are well worth it.C.It may also help you to know that there is no such thing as a perfect speech.D.It has often been said that there are few new ideas in the world,only reorganized ideas.E.If you are wondering what this has to do with your public speaking

168、 class,the answer is quite a lot.F.The skills you learn in your speech class can help you become a more effective thinker in a number of ways.G.As you study the role of evidence and reasoning in speechmaking,you will see how they can be used in other forms of communication as well.答案语篇解读本文为说明文。主要介绍了

169、“公共演讲”和“批判性思考”的相关知识。1.D上句提到,从广义上来讲,批判性思考就是把思考集中并组织起来,是明确各观点之间关系的能力;下文提到,最伟大的思想家、科学家和发明家经常把有用的信息提取出来,重新组合创造出新的观点。由此可知,此处表明“世界上新的观点很少,只有重新组织起来的观点”。organize和new为关键词。2.E概括下文内容可知,本段主要举例介绍了如何上公共演讲课,故答案为E项。class为关键词。3.A上句提到“组织一次演讲不仅是组织已有观点的问题”,由此可知下句“而且,这还是形成观点自身的一个重要部分”。4.F概括下文内容可知,本段主要讲了在演讲课中所学的技巧如何帮助你思考

170、。故答案为F项。5.G由上句可以得知,此处为排比句,句型结构相同;从句意上看,几个并列排比句都是在讲所学的演讲技巧对实际生活的帮助,由此可知答案。长难句The greatest thinkers,scientists,and inventors have often taken information that was readily available and put it together differently to produce new ideas.最伟大的思想家、科学家和发明家经常把易得到的信息提取出来,以不同方式组合,从而形成新的观点。that引导定语从句,先行词为information,关系代词在从句中作主语,available意为“可用的;可得到的”,主句中and连接的两个并列结构为taken和put。