Day 01 名词-2022年暑假新七年级【初小衔接】必备英语知识抢先学(通用版).docx
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- 初小衔接 Day 01 名词-2022年暑假新七年级【初小衔接】必备英语知识抢先学通用版 名词 2022 暑假 年级 初小 衔接 必备 英语 知识 抢先 通用版
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1、2022年暑假新七年级初小衔接英语知识抢先学(通用版)名词名词是指表示人和事物名称的词,可以分为专有名词和普通名词两大类。1、专有名词:特定的人、地方、机构等专有的名称。第一个字母通常要大写。e.g. Jim Green, New York, Bank of China,Peking University星期、月份、节日、学科、报刊名也是专有名词。e.g. Monday,May,Christmas,Spring Festival,Maths,China Daily2、普通名词:表示一类人或物或抽象概念的名称。普通名词又可以分为四类:个体名词 表示某类人或东西中的个体,如:student , d
2、esk集体名词 表示若干个体组成的集合体,如:class , family 物质名词 表示无法分为个体的物质名称,如:water , rice , sand,hair抽象名词 表示情感,状态,品质等抽象名称,如:love ,carelessness个体名词和集体名词多数可以用数目来计算,称为可数名词,有单、复数形式;物质名词和抽象名词通常无法用数目计算,称为不可数名词,一般只有一种形式。注 意: 集体名词被看作一个整体时,表达单数概念。e.g. His family was well known in the town. 他家在镇里是名门望族。 集体名词被看作若干个体的集合时,表达复数概念。e
3、.g. His family are waiting for him. 她的家人正在等他。 集体名词表达多个集体时,也有复数形式。e.g. Our village is made up of 300 families. 我们村有300户人家。3、可数名词复数形式的构成规则: 一般名词在末尾直接加s,清辅音后读/ s /,浊辅音和元音后读/ z / e.g. book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds 以s、x、sh、ch结尾,加es,读/ IZ / e.g. bus-buses, box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches
4、以辅音字母+y结尾,变y为i,再加es, 读/ z / e.g. baby-babies, library-libraries,factory-factories 以f或fe结尾,变f或fe为v,再加es,读/ vz / e.g. thiefthieves,knifeknives 以o结尾,表示无生命的物体时加s, 表示有生命的物体时,加es,都读/ z / e.g. photo-photos, piano-pianos, radio-radios, zoo-zoospotato-potatoes,tomato-tomatoes,mango-mangoes,hero-heroes 不规则变化
5、e.g. manmenchildchildrenfootfeetfishfishwomanwomenmousemicetoothteethsheepsheeppolicemanpolicemenoxoxengoosegeesedeerdeer fish表示鱼的数量时,单复数同形;表示鱼的种类时,复数为fishes.e.g. My cat had two fish for lunch. You can see a lot of different fishes in the lake. 4、不可数名词一般只有原形,没有复数形式,但是可以借助量词表示一定的数量。如果表达两个或两个以上的概念时,量词
6、需要用复数形式,不可数名词不变。e.g. a bottle of water ,a cup of coffee,two glasses of milk ,five bags of rice 这种形式用于可数名词时,量词和可数名词都要用复数。e.g. ten baskets of eggs5、既可用作可数,又可用作不可数的名词:不可数glass 玻璃paper 纸iron 铁wood 木头beauty 美room 空间可数a glass 一只玻璃杯a paper 一份报纸、论文、文件a iron 一个熨斗a wood 一片森林a beauty 一个美人a room 一个房间6、名词所有格 在英语
7、中,有些名词可以加s来表示所有关系,带这种词尾的名词形式称为该名词的所有格。大多数表示有生命的东西。e.g. Toms book 如果复数名词末尾已有s,就直接加 。e.g. the teachers office 如果一些物品为两者共有,只需在后一个名词后加s ;如果为各自所有,则需在每个名词后加s。e.g. Lucy and Lilys bedroom.(Lucy 和 Lily共用一个卧室)Lucys and Lilys bedrooms.(Lucy 和 Lily分别拥有各自的卧室) 表示无生命的物体的名词所有格,一般与of短语连用。e.g. a map of the world ,a p
8、hoto of my family 双重所有格:把of所有格和s所有格结合在一起表示所有关系。e.g. a friend of my fathers1In our school, we do eye _ every day. Its really good _.Aexercise; exerciseBexercises; exercisesCexercises; exerciseDexercise; exercises2There are many kinds of _ in the river. You can go _ there.Afishes; fishingBfishes; fish
9、Cfishs; fishingDfish; to fish3How can I get some _ about Marco Polo?Why not search the Internet? Its much easier and faster.AideaBtroubleCmessageDinformation4The exchange _ homes are in the UK. I want to take _ to the Great Wall.Astudents; themBstudents; theirCstudents; theirsDstudents; they5Listen!
10、 The dogs are all barking now. Theyre making _.Amuch noiseBlittle noiseCa little noiseDmuch noises6It has lots of _ and sleeps _.Afurs; a lot ofBfurs; much timeCfur; a lotDfur; many times7The boy has lots of maths _ to do every day, so he has little time for _ to keep fit .Aexercise; exerciseBexerci
11、ses; exercisesCexercise; exercisesDexercises; exercise8I believe that cleaning the cage is _.Avery a hard workBa very hard workCvery hard workDwork very hard9The birds are singing _ the trees. Theyre making beautiful _.Ain; sound Bin; soundsCon; soundDon; sounds10Is this pencil case yours? No, its n
12、ot mine. It must be _.Asomebody elseBsomebodys elseCsomebody elsesDelse somebodys11This is _ bedroom. It is clean and bright.ATom and JackBToms and JacksCToms and JackDTom and Jacks12On _ Day, we can buy wonderful presents _ our fathers.AFathers; toBFathers;toCFathers;forDFathers;for13Where do your
13、brothers work?They are both _ and work in a post office 5 kilometres _ my home.Apostmen; far away fromBpostmans; away fromCpostmen; away fromDpostmans; far away from14Look! _ bags are full of books.AJim and SamsBJims and SamsCJim and SamDJims and Sam15Id like to introduce _ to you.Aa friend of myBa
14、friend of mineCa my friendDmy a friend16_ useful information it is and _ happily we are playing!AWhat a; how aBWhat; howCWhat an; how anDWhat a; how17The machine is making so much _. How _ it is!Anoisy; noiseBnoise; noisyCnoise; noisilyDnoise; noise18Listening to music in bed is _.Agreat funnyBa gre
15、at funCgreatly funDgreat fun19Nancys sister doesnt _ bedroom. What about you?Ahas her ownBhave her ownChave her ownsDhas her owns20We should buy some _ for our new house.AfurnitureBfurnituresCpieces of furnituresDpiece of furniture21Paris is _ capital of _.Aa; FranceBthe; FranceCthe; FrenchDa; Frenc
16、h22Excuse me, may I take your order?A代词B名词C动词23Can you put the cover on the pot?A代词B名词C动词24When is _?It is on June 1st.Achildrens dayBChildrens DayCchildrens dayDChildrens Day25Who is the man in blue over there?He is _ father. He comes here to meet Miss Wang.ALucy and LilysBLucys and LilysCLucys and
17、 LilyDLucy and Lily26He wants to join the _ club. He can _ chess.Achess; play theBchess; playCchesses; playDchess; plays the27The twins each get a present from their father, and they love _ present very much.AothersBeach othersCeach othersDeach others28Lions like to eat _, but elephants like to eat
18、_.Ameat; leafBmeats; leafCmeat; leavesDmeats; leaves29This bedroom is _, and _ is next to theirs.ALilys and Lucys; oursBLily and Lucys; oursCtheirs; themDtheirs; our30Nantong is _ the south-east of Nanjing and its about _ bus ride.Ain; four hoursBon; four hoursCto; four hoursDat; four hours31The old
19、 woman with glasses is _ grandmother.AJim and KateBJim and KatesCJim and KatesDJims and Kates32Its _ great fun to watch Harry Potter on TV.AaBanC/Dthe33The boy always has lots of math _ to do, but he still _ every day.Aexercise; exercisesBexercises; exerciseCexercise; exerciseDexercises; exercises34
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