Day 02 代词、冠词与数词-2022年暑假新七年级【初小衔接】必备英语知识抢先学(通用版).docx
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- 初小衔接 Day 02 代词、冠词与数词-2022年暑假新七年级【初小衔接】必备英语知识抢先学通用版 代词 冠词 数词 2022 暑假 年级 初小 衔接 必备 英语 知识 抢先 通用版
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1、2022年暑假新七年级初小衔接英语知识抢先学(通用版) 代词、冠词与数词第一部分 代词1、人称代词:表示“我、你、他、她、它、我们、你们、他们”的词。我你他她它我们你们他们主格Iyouhesheitweyouthey宾格meyouhimheritusyouthem主格一般用在句子开头做主语,通常用在动词前。e.g. I am a student. They are cleaning the classroom.宾格可以用来表示动作行为的对象,一般用在动词和介词后面。e.g. Ask her, please. Listen to me carefully.2、物主代词:表示所有关系的代词叫物主代
2、词。我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他们的形容词性myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名 词 性mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs形容词性物主代词后面一般要带上名词。如:my watch, his cousin, our school名词性物主代词本身就可以看作是名词,故其后不能再加名词,可单独使用。e.g. Is that your bike? No. Mine is blue. 3、不定代词:没有明确指定代替某个(些)人或物的词叫不定代词。(1)some和any都表示“一些”,既可以修饰可数名词,也可以修饰不可数名词。 some多用在肯定
3、句中,any多用在否定句和疑问句中。e.g. There are some flowers in the garden. (肯定句)There isnt any milk in the fridge. (否定句)Do you have any hobbies? (疑问句) 在表示邀请和希望对方给予肯定回答的疑问句中也要用some。e.g. Would you like some coffee? Yes, please. (邀请) Mum, can I have some peaches? Sure.(希望对方给予肯定回答)(2)both和all both表示“两个都”,只指代或修饰可数名词。e
4、.g. We are both policemen.(强调两人) all表示“三个或三个以上都”,既可指代或修饰可数名词,也可指代或修饰不可数名词。e.g. They are all in the room.(至少三人)(3)many和much都表示“许多”,many修饰可数名词,much修饰不可数名词。e.g. My uncle has many stamps. There is much tea in the cup.(4)each和every each强调个人,指两个或两个以上的人或事物中的“每个”;every是指许多人或事物的“全体”,与all的意思相近。e.g. Ill buy a
5、present for each of her parents. 我要为她的父母每人买一件礼物。 Every book in his study is interesting. 他书房里的每本书都很有趣。(5)other 作形容词时意思是“其他的”,指尚未提到的部分,其后一般接复数名词。e.g. We study Chinese, English, Maths and other subjects.(6)something和everything something 某事;某物 e.g. I want something to drink. everything 一切事物;每样事物 e.g. T
6、ell me everything about you.(7)nobody 没有人 e.g. She likes nobody and nobody likes her.4、疑问代词:用来表达疑问或构成疑问句的代词,一般放在疑问句的句首。what问什么Whats your name? My name is Tom. What colour问颜色What colour is your coat? Its red. what day问星期What day is it today? Its Monday.what date问日期What date is it today? Its the first
7、 of June.what shape问形状What shape is the moon? Its round.whatjob问工作Whats your fathers job? Hes a bus driver.what time问时间What time is it? Its ten oclock.when问时候When is your birthday? Its on the first of May.which问哪个Which is your watch, this one or that one? That one.where问地点Where is my pen? Its on the
8、 floor.who问谁Who is the boy with big eyes? Hes Liu Tao.whose问谁的Whose bag is this? Its Helens.why问原因Why are you absent today? Im ill.how问方式How do you go to school? By bus.how many问数量How many books are there? There are five.how much问价钱How much is it? Twenty yuan.how old问年龄How old are you? Im twelve.how
9、 far问距离How far is it from here? Its about one kilometer.how about问情况Im thirsty. How about you? Me, too.5、指示代词 this(这个)、these(这些)表示在时间上或空间上较近的人或物。 that(那个)、those(那些)表示在时间上或空间上较远的人或物。第二部分 冠词冠词一般用在名词的前面,对名词起限定作用,不能离开名词单独存在。1、不定冠词a,an用在单数可数名词前面,泛指一类人或物中的任何一个。 a用于辅音音素开头的名词之前。e.g. a bed,a computer,a “U” a
10、n用于元音音素开头的名词之前。 e.g. an egg,an umbrella,an hour 2、定冠词the用在单数或复数可数名词前,也可用在不可数名词前。(1) 表示特指的人或物前。e.g. The man with a flower in his hand is Jack.(2)指说话人双方都知道的人或物前。e.g. Lily, close the door, please.(3)在上文提到过,第二次又提到的人或物前。e.g. There is a man under the tree. The man is called James.(4)表示世界上独一无二的事物前。e.g. The
11、 sun is bigger than the moon.(5)用在序数词前面。e.g. It is the first day of the new term.(6)用在乐器名称前。e.g. He often plays the violin at weekends.(7)用在形容词最高级前。e.g. Spring is the best season in a year.(8)用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前。e.g. I went to the Great Wall last week.(9)用在国家名称的缩写前。e.g. He is from the UK.3、零冠词:名词前不用冠词的情
12、况。 在季节、月份、星期、节假日、三餐、球类或棋类运动前,通常不用冠词。e.g. have breakfast ,play basketball,play chess第三部分 数词表示多少和第几的词,叫做数词(numeral)。数词与不定代词相似,其用法或者相当于形容词,或者相当于名词。1、基数词:表示数目多少。1one11eleven21twenty-one2two12twelve22twenty-two3three13thirteen30thirty4four14fourteen40forty5five15fifteen50fifty6six16sixteen60sixty7seven17
13、seventeen70seventy8eight18eighteen80eighty9nine19nineteen90ninety10ten20twenty100hundred注意:数字“0”可以读作“zero”,也可以读作字母“o”。2、序数词:表示顺序先后。1stfirst11theleventh21sttwenty-first2ndsecond12thtwelfth22ndtwenty-second3rdthird13ththirteenth30ththirtieth4thfourth14thfourteenth40thfortieth5thfifth15thfifteenth50thf
14、iftieth6thsixth16thsixteenth60thsixtieth7thseventh17thseventeenth70thseventieth8theighth18theighteenth80theightieth9thninth19thnineteenth90thninetieth10thtenth20thtwentieth100thhundredth基数词变序数词记忆口诀:一、二、三,需要记,八去t,九省e,ve结尾时,f来代替,ty结尾时,y变ie,再加th,若是几十几,前基后序别忘记。3、年、月、日、时刻表示法(1)年、月、日表示法1)年代 年代前用in。如:(in)
15、897读作 (in) eight hundred and ninety-seven(in) 1961读作(in) nineteen sixty-one (或in nineteen hundred and sixty-one)(in) 1905读作(in) nine teen and five(in) 1800读作(in) eighteen hundred2)月份 月份开头第一个字母须大写,表示在某月时,月份前面用介词in。下面月份后附有缩写式。如:(in) January Jan.一月 (in) April Apr.四月(in)February Feb.二月 (in) May五月(in) Ma
16、rch Mar.三月 (in) June六月(in) July七月(in) October Oct.十月(in) August Aug.八月 (in)December Dec.十一月(in) September Sept.九月 (in)November Nov.十二月3)日期 用序数词(前面须用the)表示;在某日,前面用介词on。如:(on) the first 一日 (on) the eighteenth 十八日(on) the thirty=first 三十一日4)某年某月某日in September 1954 (读作in September nineteen fifty four)19
17、54年9月On May 17,1960(读作on May (the) seventeenth nineteen Sis-ty ),1960年5月17日On October 1, 1949 (读作On October (the) first,nineteen forty nine)1949年10月7日注 the twenties,the thirties等可用来表示几十年代。如in the nineties of the last century(在上一世纪的九十年代)。(2)时刻表示法1)英语表时刻其前用at。如:We get up at six (或at six oclock).我们六点起床
18、。They begin work at eight.他们八点开始工作。2)如说几点几分,则用下列方法表示:a)表示几点过几分,用介词past,但分数须在半小时以内(包括半小时在内)。如:eleven past seven七点过十一分a quarter past eight 八点一刻half past nine九点半b)表示几点差几分,用介词to,但分数须在半小时以上(不包括半小时在内)。如:two to seven七点差两分a quarter to eight八点一刻eighteen to nine九点差十八分注读时间表如上课时间表和行车时间表时,可以直接照表上数字读。日常生活中讲时刻也可用这
19、样的说法。如:7:15读作seven fifteen 11:30读作eleven thirty9:20读作nine twenty 3:53读作three fifty-three1This question is too difficult. _ students can answer it.AFewBLittleCA fewDA little2How do you get to school?I ride _ bike to school.AmeBmyselfCmineDmy3Wheres your sister, Sam? _ is on the way to meet her friend
20、s.AYouBTheyCSheDHe4Some animals are in great danger.Yes. We must save _.AherBhimCthemDthey5Could you _ please? Im very thirsty.Atake me some waterBtake me any waterCbring me some waterDbring me any water6Do you have _ to say?Aimportant anythingBanything importantCimportant somethingDsomething import
21、ant7There is _ wrong with my computer. It doesnt work.AsomethingBnothingCanythingDeverything8Do you like doing sports?Yes. My parents, with me, _ taking a walk in the park.Aall likeBboth likeClike allDlike both9Theres going to _ in tomorrows newspaper.Ahave something interestingBhave interesting som
22、ethingCbe something interestingDbe interesting something10Did you see _ at the door? There is a boy waiting for you.No, I saw _ .Aanything; somethingBanyone; nobodyCnothing; anythingDanyone; somebody11I asked many local people about the old bridge, but _ knew where it was.AsomebodyBanybodyCnobodyDev
23、erybody12Excuse me, can you show me the way to the nearest bookshop?Sure! See that KFC on _ side of the street? The shop next to it is a bookshop.AotherBothersCanotherDthe other13Daniel looks sad these days.I see. Lets try to think of _ to make him happy.Aenough interesting somethingBenough interest
24、ed somethingCsomething interesting enoughDsomething interested enough14Its dangerous _ the road here. Theres _ traffic.Ato cross; much tooBto cross; too muchCacross; too muchDacross; much too15Why do snakes eat _ or nothing during cold winter?Oh, they sleep _ the winter, so they dont need much energ
25、y.Amany; inBlittle; throughCfew; atDmuch; during16500 yuan is not enough, but it is better than _.AsomethingBnothingCanythingDeverything17Mary writes a word on one side of the card and draws a picture on _ side.AotherBthe otherCanotherDothers18Come here, boys and girls! I have _ to tell you.Aanythin
26、g amazingBsomething amazingCamazing anythingDamazing something19Some people enjoy _ in the city but _ dont. As for me, I like the fresh air on my own farm.Ato live; the otherBliving; the othersCliving; othersDto live; other20Because of the typhoon, there are _ people in the street than usual. But we
27、 must go outside to buy some food, because there is _ in the fridge.Aless; littleBfewer; a littleCless; fewDfewer; little21If you want to keep your teeth healthy, youd better not eat _ at night, although it tastes _.Asweet something; goodBsomething sweet; wellCanything sweet; goodDsweet anything; we
28、ll22The dress is _ and she made it _.Aher; herselfBher; hersChers; herselfDhers; hers23We have to buy _ to eat because theres _ in the fridge.Aeverything; somethingBsomething; somethingCsomething; nothingDnothing; anything24Is _ here? No. Susan is on her way.AeveryoneBanyoneCsomeoneDno one25“Youd be
29、tter write down _ in class,” Mr Sun said to the students.Aimportant somethingBnothing importantCeverything importantDsome important thing26As middle school students, we have abilities _.Ahelping othersBto help othersChelping otherDto help other27Can you play _ violin?Yes, I can. I can play it well.A
30、aBanCtheD/28Mary is _ out-going girl and everyone likes her.AaBtheCanD/29Excuse me. Whats this in English? Its _ basketball.AaBanCtheD/30Langlang is good at playing _ piano.AaBanCtheD/31Whos _ woman in red on TV? Tu Youyou, _ 88-year-old scientist in China.Athe; aBthe; anC/; anD/; a32Pass me _ dicti
31、onary on the desk and I also need _ pen to write my name on it.Athe; theBa; theCa; aDthe; a33Is there _ book on your desk, Jack? Yes, it is _ important book, and I like _ book very much.Aa; a; the.Ba; an; theCthe; the; aDan; a; the34Today I will go to _ to see my friend. She is ill in _.Athe hospita
32、l; hospitalBhospital; hospitalChospital; the hospitalDthe hospital; the hospital35The newspaper says _ boy lost _ way in the shopping mall yesterday.Aa 8-year-old; hisBa 8-year-old; /Can 8-year-old; hisDan 8-year-old; /36A little boy writes _ “u” and _ “n” on the wall.Aa; aBan; anCa; anDan; a37There
33、 is _ “u” and _ “f” in the word “useful”.Aa; anBan; aCan; anDa; a38Andy is _ to get to school every day and I am _.Afirst; ninthBthe first; ninthCa first; a ninthDthe first; the ninth39I enjoy _ badminton, but he likes playing _ guitar.Aplay the; theBplay the; /Cplaying; theDplaying; /40_ woman over
34、 there is _ English teacher.AThe; anBThe; theCAn; theDAn; an41His father was _ farmer, and _ farm they lived on was miles away from anywhere.Aa; theBthe; theCthe; aD/; the42I plan to go to France with _, and we will visit _ in Paris.Athe Smiths; Louvre MuseumBthe Smiths; the Louvre MuseumCSmiths; Lo
35、uvre MuseumDSmiths; the Louvre Museum43Have you seen _ film Where Are We Going, Daddy?Yes, its such _ interesting film that I have seen it twice.Aa, theBthe, theCa, anDthe, an44 Neil, I see _ interesting film called Hi, Mom. Oh, I like it, too. Its _ first film that I watched during the Spring Festi
36、val of 2021.Aa; aBan; theCa; theDan; an45Jack likes to play _ basketball but he doesnt like to play _ violin.Athe; theB/; theC/; /Dthe; /46What is _ month of a year? September.Athe ninthBninthCnineDninety47I live on _ floor in the building, just _ floors below you.Aten; the tenthBten; tenCthe tenth;
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