Unit 1 Asia 课时3 Grammar （教师版）-【帮课堂】2021-2022学年九年级英语下册同步精品讲义（牛津译林版）.docx

1、Unit 1 AsiaGrammar 知识精讲知识点01 it做代词 教材P12【用法详解】1.it指代动物或无生命的事物。I didnt get the watch because it cost too much. 因为那表太昂贵我没买。Look at the panda, it is so cute. 看那个大熊猫，它是那么可爱。2.指代不知道性别的婴儿She will have a baby soon. She hopes it will be a girl. 她即将有孩子了，她希望是一个女孩。3.指代人，不知道对方是谁。Who is knocking at the door? 谁在敲

2、门？It must be my friend Jack. 肯定是我的朋友杰克。4.指代上文提到的行为，情况或者观点等。Playing snowball fight is fun, isnt it? 打雪仗很有趣，不是吗？5.代替某些代词，代词 it 还可用于代替指示代词this, that 以及复合不定代词 something, anything, nothing等。Whats this? 这是什么?Its a pencil. 是一支铅笔。【典例讲解】1.Who plays sports on the playground?I am afraid _ is our cousin Alan.A.

3、heB.sheC.itD.they【答案】C【解析】句意：谁在操场上做运动？恐怕是我们的表弟Alan。考查代词辨析。he他；she她；it它；they他们。根据“I am afraid is our cousin Alan”可知，对于身份不明的人用it指代，故选C。2. Who was calling you on the phone just now? _ was my mum.A.SheB.ThatC.ItD.This【答案】C【解析】句意：刚才是谁给你打电话？是我妈妈。考查代词的用法。She她；That那；It它；This这。根据“Who was calling you on the p

4、hone just now”可知，是询问对方是谁，指代不明身份的人常用指示代词it。故选C。知识点02 it做非人称代词 教材P13【用法详解】1.指时间或季节Whats the time now? 现在几点了？Its eleven oclock. 11点了。2.指天气It is sunny but cold today. 今天天气晴朗，可是很冷。3. 指距离How far is it to your house from here? 从这儿到你家有多远？【典例讲解】1.I am planning a trip to Lianyungang this summer. How is the we

5、ather there? Not so hot. Sometimes _ is a bit cool and wet.A.thisB.thatC.itD.one【答案】C【解析】句意：我计划今年夏天去连云港旅游。那里的天气怎么样？不太热。有时天气有点冷和潮湿。考查代词辨析。this这个；that那个；it它；one一个。根据“How is the weather there”可知，此空用it指代天气，故选C。2.What is the date today?_ is January 1.A.ThisB.ThatC.ItsD.It【答案】D【解析】句意：今天是几月几号？是1月1号。考查代词的用法

6、。This这，指示代词；That那，指示代词；Its它是；It它，代词。空格后有be动词is，故排除C；根据“What is the date today”可知，答句要用代词it指代时间。故选D。知识点03 it做形式主语或形式宾语 教材P12【用法详解】1) it 做形式主语，代替一个由不定式，动名词短语或是从句表示的主语。a. 真正的主语是不定式。Its our duty to protect the environment. 保护环境是我吗的职责。b.真正的主语是动名词。Its no use crying over the spilt milk. 覆水难收。c.真正的主语是从句， 这个从

7、句可以用that 引起，也可以用一个连接代词或连接副词引起。It happened that I wasnt there that day.Its doubtful whether she will be able to come 2) it做形式宾语，代替一个由不定式，动名词，或是宾语从句，往往把宾语放在它的补足语后面。而用it做形式宾语，放在宾语补足语之前。常见句型：make / find/ think/ believe it + adj +to do sth I think it no use arguing with him. 我认为跟他争论，毫无用处。He finds it impo

8、ssible to finish the work by himself. 他发现不可能独自完成这项工作。【典例讲解】1.An average(平均)of just 18.75 cm of rain fell last year, making_the driest year since California became a state in 1850.A.eachB.itC.thisD.one【答案】B【解析】句意：去年平均降雨量只有18.75厘米，使得去年成为加利福尼亚自1850年建州以来最干旱的一年。考查代词。A. each指代个体，强调“每一个”；B. it可指代前面出现的事物，如时

9、间、距离、天气、环境等，指同类同物；C. this这个，不用来指代前面出现的事物；D. one代替上文出现的可数名词单数，指同类不同物。此处指last year，是指代时间，故选B。2.Do you find _ difficult to learn new skills like how to ride a skateboard?A./B.itC.thisD.that【答案】B【解析】句意：你觉得学习新技能很难吗，比如如何滑滑板？考查代词。it 它，一般指代事情；this这，指代离说话人较近单数名词； that那，指代离说话人较远的单数名词；本句是“find+it+形容词+不定式”结构，用i

10、t作形式宾语。故选B。【拓展】it固定句型Its time for sth. 该做某事了。Its time to do sth. 该做某事的时候了。Its time for sb to do sth. 某人该干某事了。Its first (second) time + that-从句. 某人第几次干某事。(从句谓语用现在完成时)Its + 时间段 + since-从句. 自从有一段时间了。Its + 时间段 + before-从句. 过多长的时间才能力拓展一、单项选择1.Who is knocking at the door? _is the milkman , I think .A.HeB.

11、ItC.ThisD.That【答案】B【解析】句意：谁在敲门？我想是送牛奶的。考查代词用法。根据答句中“I think”可知，不确定敲门的是男还是女，此时就应用it代指。故选B。2.We found _ necessary to wear masks because of the cold.A.itsB.itC.thatD.that is【答案】B【解析】句意：因为天气冷，我们觉得有必要戴口罩。考查it的用法。its它是；it它；that那；that is那是。固定用法“sb find + it + adj. + to do sth.”某人发现做某事。故选B。3.Whats the time,

12、 Sophia?_ 7:10 a.m. Its time for us_to school.A.Its; goB.This is; goingC.Its; to goD.Its; to go【答案】D【解析】句意：什么时候，索菲亚？现在是早上7:10。我们该上学了。考查it和固定搭配。第一空，根据问句Whats the time, Sophia?可知，此空应填主谓结构Its，表示时间，故排除B和C；第二空，根据固定搭配its time for sb. to do sth. 可知，此空应填to go，故排除A，故选D。4._ is unhealthy _ us to go school with

13、out eating breakfast in the morning.A.That; toB.This; forC.It; toD.It; for【答案】D【解析】句意：早晨不吃早餐就去上学对我们来说是不健康的。考查it的固定句型。根据“.is unhealthy.us to go school without eating breakfast in the morning.”可知，此处是“It is + adj. + for sb. to do sth.”句型，意为“对某人来说做某事是的”。故选D。5.Its a good way _ guide dogs to help blind pe

14、ople. I think so.A.to trainB.trainC.trainingD.to training【答案】A【解析】句意：训练导盲犬来帮助盲人是一个好方法。我也这样认为。考查非谓语动词。表达“是一个好方法”，用“it is a good way to do”的结构，“it”是形式主语，句子的真正主语是动词不定式。表达“训练”用动词不定式“to train”。故选A。6.We all think _ is important to protect the environment.A.thisB.thatC.oneD.it【答案】D【解析】句意：我们都认为保护环境很重要。考查代词。

15、this这个；that那个；one一个；it它。此处是省略引导词that的宾语从句，宾语从句的主语为形式主语it，真正主语是动词不定式“to protect the environment”。故选D。7.How long does it take _ to the train station?Ten minutes.A.to walkB.walkingC.walksD.walk【答案】A【解析】句意：步行到火车站要多长时间？十分钟。考查非谓语动词。walk步行，根据固定搭配it takes sb+时间+to do sth“做某事花费某人多长时间”可知，应该用动词不定式作主语，故选A。8. It

16、s our pleasure _ you as our guest, dear Mr Tagore.A.to haveB.to driveC.to holdD.to be【答案】A【解析】句意：亲爱的泰戈尔先生，我们很高兴邀请您作为我们的客人。考查it固定句型和动词辨析。have有；drive驾驶；hold举办；be成为。have sb. as ones guest“邀请某人作为客人”可知，应该使用“have”。故选A。9. He finds _ really difficult for him to learn English well in just one year.A.thatB.th

17、isC.itD.its【答案】C【解析】句意：他发现要在一年内学好英语对他来说真的很难。考查it作形式宾语。that那个；this这个；it它；its它的，根据句型“find it+形容词 for sb to do sth”意为“某人发现做某事是的”可知，空缺处应该用it作形式宾语，故选C。10.His words made _ possible for me _ in the city.A.it；to workB.it；to workingC.that；to work【答案】A【解析】句意：他的话使我在这个城市工作成为可能。考查代词和动词不定式。根据固定搭配“make it+形容词+(for

18、 sb.) to do sth.”可知，A项正确，其中it作形式宾语，动词不定式是真正的宾语。故选A。分层提分题组A 基础过关练一、用所给单词的正确形式填空1.It took us about two hours _ (finish) the work before 10: 00 p. m. last night.【答案】to finish【解析】句意：昨晚10点前我们花了大约两个小时才完成这项工作。分析句子可知，本句使用it固定句型：It takes sb. some time to do sth. “某人花费时间做某事”，it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。故填to finish

19、。 2.It is necessary for us _ (love) our country.【答案】to love【解析】句意：我们有必要爱我们的国家。固定句式：It is+形容词+for sb to do sth“对某人来说做某事是”，动词不定式作真正的主语，it作形式主语，故填to love。3.Its not polite _ (argue) with each other about money in public.【答案】to argue【解析】句意：在公共场合争论钱的问题是不礼貌的。固定句式：Its+形容词+to do sth，表示“做某事是”，动词不定式作主语，故填to ar

20、gue。4.Its polite _(eat) your food silently.【答案】to eat【解析】句意：无声的吃饭是礼貌的。根据Its+形容词+to do sth. 做某事是怎样的，故填to eat。5.It is _(polite) to laugh at others.【答案】impolite【解析】句意：嘲笑别人是不礼貌的。Its+形容词+to do sth.表示做某事是不礼貌的；这里是说嘲笑别人是不礼貌的。polite的反义词是impolite,意思是“不礼貌的”，根据句意及所给单词提示，故填impolite。6.Its a great way _ (learn) En

21、glish by studying with a group.【答案】to learn【解析】句意：和小组一起学习是学习英语的好方法。 learn“学习”；“Its +a/an+adj+ n.+to do sth”意为“做某事是”句式；可知此处填动词不定式；故填to learn。7.He finds it very hard _ (write) an article in a short time.【答案】to write【解析】句意：他发现在短时间内写一篇文章是很困难的。短语find it +adj+to do意为“发现做某事是的”，这里的it是形式宾语，不定式为宾语，动词write意为“写

22、”，故填to write。8.Youll find it helpful _ (talk) with him.【答案】to talk【解析】句意：你会发现和他谈话是很有帮助的。find it +形容词+ to do sth.意为“发现做某事是的”。在句中，it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是动词不定式短语。故填to talk。9.I found it important _ (learn) how to search the Internet.【答案】to learn【解析】句意：我发现学会怎样搜寻网络很重要。动词found后面it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动作，用动词不定式to learn来表示

23、。故答案为to learn。10.It is your job _ (wash) the dishes.【答案】to wash【解析】句意：洗碗是你的工作。wash：洗，动词。本句是It is +形容词或名词+to do sth.，it是形式主语，结合句意和所给词可知答案是to wash。题组B 能力提升练一、完型填空 I have a friend, a teacher, who often teaches in some unusual ways. Once she asked kids what they thought about rules and most kids answere

24、d they 1 rules. So she played a game with them. She had a big piece of Chutes and Ladders（飞行棋）. She divided the class into three teams and asked them to play 2 her to see who could win. When it came to her turn, she rolled the dice（掷骰子）three times. “Hey, you cant do that,” some of the kids complaine

25、d. “Why not?” she asked. “Because its against the rules,” insisted the kids. “What does it 3 ?” my teacher friend asked. “It isnt fair,” they said. “You do not 4 the rules. Were not equal. Everyone should have the same 5 . Then she gave them some card boards, pens, plastic discs, and dice, asking th

26、em to get into small groups and 6 their own games but without any rules. It was not long before the kids were calling to her, “Teacher, we cant do it. How can we have a game without rules? Its 7 .”She then began to ask her class 8 there were rules in school, in the playground, or at home. Her studen

27、ts came up with lots of reasons for rules. Things worked better when we had rules, they said, 9 we wouldnt be able to walk across the road safely. If we followed the rules not to 10 other peoples things or to hurt others, we got along better together. Rules were for our safety and our happiness.1.A.

28、forgotB.hatedC.keptD.broke2.A.nearB.forC.afterD.against3.A.matterB.bringC.haveD.cost4.A.avoidB.cancelC.obeyD.refuse5.A.scoreB.changeC.timeD.chance6.A.make upB.go overC.look afterD.put out7.A.dishonestB.uncertainC.impossibleD.indirect8.A.howB.whyC.whenD.where9.A.soB.orC.butD.and10.A.chooseB.borrowC.h

29、ideD.steal【答案】1-5 BDACD 6-10 ACBBD【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述作者的老师朋友用玩游戏的方式教孩子们意识到规则存在的必要性。【解析】1.句意：她曾经问孩子们他们对规则有什么看法，大多数的孩子回答说讨厌规则。forgot忘记；hated讨厌；kept保持；broke打破。根据后文“Things worked better when we had rules”可知一开始孩子们对规则是讨厌的，作者的朋友用玩游戏改变了他们的想法。可知用动词“hated”。故选B。2.句意：她把班级分成三组，叫他们和她比赛，看谁能赢。near靠近，附近；for为了；after在之

30、后；against靠着，反对。根据“ to see who could win”可知表达“和她比赛”用动词短语“play against”。故选D。3.句意：那有什么关系呢？matter有重大影响；bring带来；have有；cost花费。疑问句的主语“it”指代前文讲述她违反了规则这件事，用动词“matter”表达“有关系，有影响”。故选A。4.句意：你没有遵守规则。avoid避免；cancel取消；obey遵守；refuse拒绝。根据前文“Because its against the rules”可知表达违反了规则，没有遵守规则，用“do not obey”。故选C。5.句意：每个人应该

31、有相同的机会。score得分；change改变；time时间；chance机会。根据“Were not equal”可知抱怨不平等，强调每个人的机会应该是相同的。用名词“chance”。故选D。6.句意：然后她给他们一些卡板，钢笔，塑料的圆盘和骰子，让他们组成小组，编造自己的游戏，但是没有任何规则。make up编造；go over仔细检查；look after照顾；put out扑灭。根据“their own games”可知表达“编造游戏”。用动词短语“make up”。故选A。7.句意：这是不可能的。dishonest不诚实；uncertain不确定；impossible不可能；indi

32、rect间接的。根据“we cant do it. How can we have a game without rules”可知表达编造没有规则的游戏是不可能的，用形容词“impossible”。故选C。8.句意：然后她开始问她的班上的学生为什么学校，操场或家里有规则。how怎样；why为什么；when什么时候；where哪里。根据“reasons for rules”可知学生相处规则的理由，老师问的是“为什么学校，操场或家里有规则”，用疑问词“why”。故选B。9.句意：他们说，当我们有规则，事情会进展得更好，否则，我们不能安全地过马路。so因此；or不然的话，否则；but但是；and和。

33、根据“we wouldnt be able to walk across the road safely”可知表达如果没有规则会发生的事，用连词“or”。故选B。10.句意：如果我们遵守规则不偷别人的东西或者伤害别人，我们相处得更好。chose选择；borrow借；hide躲；steal偷。根据“followed the rules”及“ to hurt others”可知句子讲述遵守规则不去偷东西，用动词“steal”。故选D。题组C 培优拔尖练一、阅读填表阅读下面短文，根据所读内容，并将答案填写在答题卡号为1-10的相应位置上，每空一词。Every child has the right

34、to go to school safely. Children also have the right to privacy(隐私), freedom of expression and information. When children are victims(受害者) of bullying(欺凌) and cyberbullying(网络欺凌), these rights are not respected. Here are some tips for students to stop bullying in their childrens school. Tell your ch

35、ildren about bullying. You should tell your kids what bullying is. Your children can understand it, whether it is happening to them or someone else. Talk to your children often.The more you talk to your children about bullying, the more easily they will tell you about it if they see or experience it

36、. Check with your children every day and ask about what they do online and how they feel at school. Help your child be a positive role model. There are three parties to bullying: the victim, the perpetrator(作恶者), and the bystander(旁观者). Although children are not victims of bullying, they can prevent

37、 bullying by being respectful and kind to other children. If they see bullying, they can support the victim and question bullying behaviour. Help build childrens self-confidence. Encourage your children to take pat in-activities they love in your community. Talking with a group of friends with the s

38、ame interests will also help build confidence. Set a good example to children. Tell our children how to treat other children and adults kindly by doing the same to the people around you, such as speaking up when others are being bullied. Children look to their parents as examples of how to behave. B

39、e part of our childrens online experiences. Know about the platforms(平台) your children use. Explain to your children how the online and the online world are connected, and tell them about the different dangers they may face online. Every child has the right to own a safe school environment. As paren

40、ts, you should try your best to keep your children safe. 1. on Prevent Bullying in Childrens SchoolPassage outlineSupporting detailsTell your children about bullying.Tell your kids what bullying is. They will be 2.to understand it, whether it is happening to them or someone else.Talk to your childre

41、n oftenTalk to your children more about bullying, and they will tell you about it more 3. if they see or experience it. Check with your children every day and ask about their activities online and 4. at schoolHelp your child be a positive role model.Prevent bullying by 5. respect and kindness to oth

42、er children. If they see bullying, trey can support the victim and question bullying behaviour,Build childrens self-confidence.Encourage your children to 6. in activities they love in your community. Talking with a group of friends with the same interests will also be 7. to build confidence.Set good

43、 8. to children.Tell your children how to treat other children and adults kindly by doing the same to the people around you, 9.speaking up when others are being bullied. Children look to their parents as examples of how to behave.Be part of our childrens online experiences.Know about the platforms(平

44、台) your children use. Tell your children it may be 10. for them to surf online because the online and he offline world are connected.【答案】1.Tips/Suggestions/Advice 2.able 3.easily 4.feelings5.showing 6.join 7.helpful 8.examples9.like 10.dangerous【文章大意】本文主要是作者针对儿童欺凌的问题向父母提出了几点建议。【解析】1.根据第一段“Here are s

45、ome tips for students to stop bullying in their childrens school.”可知此处是指这里有一些建议，可以帮助学生们在孩子的学校里停止欺凌行为。tips，suggestions和advice都可以表示“建议”。故填Tips/Suggestions/Advice。2.根据第二段“You should tell your kids what bullying is. Your children can understand it,”可知应该告诉你的孩子什么是欺凌。你的孩子可以理解它。固定短语be able to“能够”，故填able。3.根

46、据第三段“The more you talk to your children about bullying, the more easily they will tell you about it if they see or experience.”可知你和孩子谈论欺凌的次数越多，如果他们看到或经历过欺凌，他们就越容易告诉你。easy“容易的”，是形容词，此处要用其副词形式修饰动词，故填easily。4.根据第三段“Check with your children every day and ask about what they do online and how they feel a

47、t school.”可知每天和你的孩子一起检查，询问他们在网上做什么，以及他们在学校的感觉如何。feel“感觉”，是动词，此处需使用其名词feeling，且是复数形式，故填feelings。5.根据第四段“Although children are not victims of bullying, they can prevent bullying by being respectful and kind to other children”可知虽然儿童不是欺凌的受害者，但他们可以通过展现尊重和善待其他儿童来防止欺凌。show“表明，表现”，是动词，空前有介词，动词用动名词形式，故填showi

48、ng。6.根据第五段“Encourage your children to take pat in-activities they love in your community.”可知鼓励你的孩子参加他们喜欢的社区活动。join“参加”，是动词，空前有不定式符号to，动词用原形，故填join。7.根据第五段“Talking with a group of friends with the same interests will also help build confidence.”可知与一群兴趣相同的朋友交谈也有助于建立信心。helpful“有帮助的”，是形容词，符合语境，故填helpful

49、。8.根据小标题“Set a good example to children.”可知给孩子们树立一个好榜样。example“榜样”，是可数名词，此处应该用复数形式，故填examples。9.根据第六段“Tell our children how to treat other children and adults kindly by doing the same to the people around you, such as speaking up when others are being bullied.”可知告诉我们的孩子如何善待其他的孩子和成年人，对你周围的人也要这样做，比如当别

50、人被欺负时大声说出来。like“像”，是介词，符合语境，故填like。10.根据第七段“Know about the platforms(平台) your children use. Explain to your children how the online and the online world are connected, and tell them about the different dangers they may face online.”可知了解孩子们使用的平台。向你的孩子解释网络和网络世界是如何联系在一起的，并告诉他们在网络上可能面临的不同危险。dangerous“危险

51、的”，是形容词，此处作表语，故填dangerous。二、短文选词填空阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。enjoyable, with, preparations, yourself, first, pour, until, how, oven, addThere are many lovely cupcakes in the bakery. Do you like eating cupcakes? Do you know that you can make them by 11.? Last week, I learned 12. to ma

52、ke them from TikTok (抖音) . Now let me tell you. You dont need many 13. but a few simple ingredients, such as flour (面粉), eggs, sugar, milk and salt. Of course, dont forget buy some small paper cups. 14., mix flour, sugar and salt together in a big bowl. Next, 15. the eggs one by one to the batter (面

53、糊). Then 16. milk into the bowl. Carefully fill the paper cups almost to the top 17. batter. Then put them into an oven and bake (烘烤) them for 20 minutes 18. they are done . Finally, take them out of the 19. and you can taste your cupcakes. They will be more delicious if you add some jam (果酱). I thi

54、nk its 20. for you to make cupcakes at home.【答案】11.yourself 12.how 13.preparations 14.First 15.add16.pour 17.with 18.until 19.oven 20.enjoyable【文章大意】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍在家做纸杯蛋糕需要的材料及其具体步骤。【解析】11.句意：你知道你可以自己做它们么？根据后文讲述作者自己做蛋糕，可知句子表达“自己亲自做”，用短语“by oneself”。根据主语“you”可知用反身代词“yourself”。故填yourself。12.句意：上周，我从抖音上学

55、习了如何做纸杯蛋糕。动词“learned”后的宾语用“疑问词+动词不定式”的结构。表达“如何做纸杯蛋糕”用“how to make”。故填how。13.句意：你没必要很多准备工作，只要少量的简单的调料就行，例如面粉，鸡蛋，糖，牛奶和盐。动词“need”后缺宾语，根据“many”可知是可数名词的复数形式。根据“Now let me tell you”可知讲述制作蛋糕的准备没有很多，用复数名词“preparations”。故填preparations。14.句意：第一步，把面粉，糖和盐在大碗里搅拌在一起。根据“Next”可知此处讲述具体的步骤的第一步，用序数词“first”。句首首字母大写。故填F

56、irst。15.句意：接下来，把鸡蛋一个个地加进面糊里。这是祈使句的肯定结构，用动词原形。根据“the eggs one by one to”可知句子用“addto”表达“添加进”。故填add。16.句意：然后，把牛奶倒进碗里。这是祈使句的肯定结构，用动词原形。这是祈使句的肯定结构，用动词原形。根据“milk into the bowl”可知句子用“pourinto”表达“把倒入”。故填pour。17.句意：把面糊小心翼翼地装满纸杯，几乎到杯顶。根据“fill the paper cups”可知句子用“fillwith”表达“把装满”。故填with。18.句意：然后把它们放进一个烤箱，烘烤它们

57、20分钟直到烤好。句子表达时间概念“直到”用连词“until”引导时间状语从句。故填until。19.句意：最后，把它们从烤箱里拿出来，你可以品尝纸杯蛋糕了。根据定冠词“the”可知确指，填名词作宾语。根据“put them into an oven”可知表达从烤箱里拿出来，用单数名词“oven”作宾语。故填oven。20.句意：我认为对你来说在家制作纸杯蛋糕是很享受的。这是“its 形容词+for sb. to do”的结构，表达“做某事是的”。根据“for you to make cupcakes at home”可知表达在家做蛋糕是很享受的，用形容词“enjoyable”做表语。故填enjoyable。