Unit 1 Cultural Heritage 重难点知识串讲【含答案打印版】-2022-2023学年高一英语练好基础题（人教版2019必修第二册）.docx

1、Unit 1 Cultural Heritage重点词汇1.former adj. 以前的，（两者中）前者的； 反义词：latter 后者的；词性拓展：formerly adv.以前，从前（=previously） 词组拓展：in former times 从前【即时训练】它是土耳其过去的首都。 2.promote vt.促进，提升，晋级；词性拓展：promotion n.晋升，升级，促销活动promoter n.主办者，承办者，提倡者； promote the development of. 促进的发展 promote sth. 宣传/推广某事物 promote sb. to. 提升某人为【

2、即时训练】我们所有项目都旨在促进贫困和偏远社区的发展。 我很快被晋升为编辑。 3.application n.申请，用途，应用程序；涂抹，敷用；词性拓展：apply v.申请，应用，涂，敷，使专心从事applicant n.申请人，求职者； make an application for 申请 apply for. 申请/ apply to do. 申请做 apply to.向申请，适用于 apply.to. 把运用于，把涂于 apply oneself to (doing) sth. 专心于（做）某事【即时训练】这项新技术已被应用于农业。 他这几年都专注于学习法语。 4.preserve v

3、t.保存，保护，维持；保护区，禁猎区，腌菜；词性拓展：preservation n.保护，维护，保存preserved adj.保存的，腌制的；preserve.from.保护免于 preserve sth. for. 为而保持/保留【即时训练】盐保护食物免于变坏。 维护公共秩序是警察的职责。 5.balance n.平衡，均匀，余额，差额；v.使平衡，权衡；词性拓展：balanced adj.平稳的，安定的，和谐的；When he first learned to skate, he didnt know how to balance himself and lost his balance

4、 constantly. But now he has learned to keep himself balanced while skating. lose ones balance 失去平衡/ out of balance 不平衡 balance.and/with. 同等重视/兼顾和 balance sth. against sth. 使与抵消 keep a balance between.and. 使两者保持平衡 bank balance 银行存款【即时训练】我们必须权衡事物的利和弊。 她力图兼顾家庭生活和事业。 6.proposal n.建议，提议；求婚；词性拓展：propose v

5、t.建议，提议，求婚，提议； accept/ approve/consider a proposal 采纳/批准/考虑建议 make a proposal to sb. 向某人提出建议 make/ offer a proposal to sb. 向某人求婚 propose doing/ to do.建议做 propose+that从句（虚拟语气，可省略的should+do）建议/提议【即时训练】他提议我们应该改掉这些不良习性。 他建议改变这个公司的名字。 7.protest n.&v. 抗议，反对； make a protest against 对提出抗议 in protest at/ aga

6、inst 以示抗议 protest about/ against/ at （公开）反对，抗议【即时训练】人们对价格上涨提出抗议。 他们罢工去抗议新政策。 8.likely adj.可能的；adv.可能地；词性拓展：unlikely adj.大不可能的；拓展词组：be likely to do 可能做，It is likely that.可能She is very likely to ring me tonight.=It is very likely that she will ring me tonight.【即时训练】入场券可能很贵。 盗贼很可能不知道此物的价值。 9.limit v.限制

7、，限定；n.界限，限度；词性拓展：limitless adj.无限制的，无界限的limited adj.有限的limitation n.局限，控制； limit sth. to sth. 把限定在的范围内 be limited to sth. 受限于 within the limit of 在的范围内/ without limit 无限地 There is a limit to. 有对的限制 put/set a limit to. 对限制【即时训练】我很抱歉我的词汇量是如此有限以致于我找不到词汇来描绘它。 生命有限，知识无涯。 如果你保持开放的心态，就会有无限的可能。 10.loss n.损失

8、，遗失，丧失；词性拓展：lose v.失去，丢失lost adj. 丢失的，困惑的，迷失的； at a loss 不知所措，困惑 make up for the loss 弥补损失 suffer a loss of 蒙受的损伤 be lost in 全神贯注，沉浸于【即时训练】我一时不知道怎么回答她的问题。 11.contribution n.捐款，贡献，稿件；词性拓展：contribute v.捐献，撰稿，是的原因之一contributor n.投稿人，捐款者；contribute to 为捐献/撰稿，导致，促成，有助于contribute.to. 向捐献make a contributio

9、n to doing 为做贡献；【即时训练】就我而言，我很乐意捐款给哪些穷困潦倒的人的。 每个人都应当为保护环境做贡献。 12.within prep. 在（某段时间、距离和范围）之内；在里，在内部；adv.里面； within reach of. 在附近 within ones reach 在某人够得着的范围 with sight of 能看见 within oneself 从某人内心， come from within 来自于内心【即时训练】我确实相信美丽来自内在。 那水果我够不着。 13.issue n.重要议题，争论的问题；期号；发行，发放；v.宣布，公布，出版，发行；拓展词组：iss

10、ue sth. (to sb.) 向某人宣布某事【即时训练】我们需要尽最大努力解决重要的问题。 下个月将发行奥运会邮票。 14.donate v.捐赠，赠送，献（血）；词性拓展：donation n.捐赠，捐赠物donator n.捐赠人；词组拓展：donate.to.=make a donation to. 向捐赠【即时训练】那个商人给我校捐了很多钱。 15.conduct n.行为，品行；指导，管理；v.组织，安排，指挥；举止，表现；带领，引导；词性拓展：conductor n.指挥，列车长，售票员； bad/ violent conduct 品行不端/ 暴力行为 under the co

11、nduct of. 在管理/指导下 conduct a survey/ an experiment/ an interview 进行调查/实验/面试 conduct oneself well/ badly 举止、表现好/坏 conduct sb. into/to.领人进入 conduct sb. over/around 引导某人参观【即时训练】他表现得比预料的要好得多。 在他父亲的管理下，他们的事业相当成功。 16.attempt v.努力，尝试；n.企图，尝试；词性拓展：attempted adj.未遂的； attempt to do 努力/尝试做 make an attempt to do

12、 /at doing 尝试做 in an attempt to do 试图做 at ones/the first attempt （某人）第一次尝试易混辨析： attempt：attempt to do，常指一次而不是继续地尝试，往往暗示这种尝试达不到目的，含“冒险”之意。 try：try to do，指为成功做某事而付出努力或花费一定代价，后接不定式表示“试图做某事”。 manage：manage to do，成功做某事，强调结果，相当于succeed in doing sth.。【即时训练】他试图和他们取得联系，但没有成功。 为削减费用，关闭了两家工厂。 17.worthwhile adj

13、.值得的，值得做的；有意义的，值得花费时间的，真正有价值的；拓展词组：It is worthwhile doing/to do sth. 做某事是值得的易混辨析：worthwhile：值得的，可做宾、定、表、宾补，It is worthwhile doing/ to do sth.； worthy：值得的，be worthy of n./ be worthy of doing /be worthy to do，可做定语； worth：值得的，be worth n./be worth doing，主动表被动，常做表语，be worth it 值得的；【即时训练】和她为这样的无聊事争吵不值得。 感

14、谢你们使得我的访问如此有价值。 18.professional adj.专业的，职业的；n.专业人士，职业运动员；词性拓展：profession n.行业，职业；拓展词组：by profession 就职业来说【即时训练】参加本课程的大多数人是职业女性。 19.entrance n.大门，入口，通道；进入，出场；进入权，入会资格；词性拓展：enter vt.进入拓展词组：at the entrance to. 在的入口处make ones entrance出场gain entrance to进入college entrance examination 高考enter for 报名参加【即时训练

15、】顾客获得免费进入游泳池和健康俱乐部。 20.process n.过程，进程；步骤，流畅；v.加工，处理；拓展词组：in process 进行中，in the process of. 在过程中， process.into.把加工成【即时训练】我们买的大部分食品都用某种方法加工过。 我们正在出售自家的住宅。 21.forgive v.原谅，宽恕；免除债务；词性拓展：forgiveness n.原谅，宽恕；forgive sb./sth. 原谅某人/某事forgive sb. for doing sth.=forgive ones doing sth. 原谅某人做某事 forgive and fo

16、rget 不计前嫌类似结构： praise sb. for doing 因做而表扬某人punish sb. for doing 因做而惩罚某人excuse sb. for doing 因做而原谅某人thank sb. for doing 因做而感谢某人【即时训练】你能原谅我忘了你的生日吗？ 22.image n.形象，印象，声誉；形象，概念；画像，雕像；影像，图像；词性拓展：imagine v.想象，设想imagination n.想象，设想；a negative/positive image 负面的/正面的形象form an image of. 构想出的形象form an image of

17、sb. 构想出某人的形象【即时训练】他在公众心目中的形象与他真实的本人截然不同。 我心里想象出她的大致模样。 23.throughout prep.各处，遍及；prep.&adv.自始至终；拓展词组：throughout the country/world 遍及全国/全世界，throughout the day/night 整天/夜【即时训练】这个博物馆一年到头每天都开放。 24.quality n.品质，质量；（尤指好的）人品，素质，品德；adj.优质的，高质量的；拓展词组：of good/poor quality 质量好/差，in quality 在质量上；【即时训练】这种产品质量好价格也

18、不贵。 这个收音机在质量上很劣质，不到一年它就坏了。 parison n.比较；对比，相比；比喻。词性拓展：compare v.比喻，比较； in comparison with （与某人/某物）相比较 by comparison（尤用于句首）比较起来，通过比较 a comparison of A and/to/with B A与B比较 make a comparison of A to B 把A比作B【即时训练】在比较价格时，也要考虑商品的质量。 他们把纽约比作不夜城。 跟伦敦相比，巴黎是小的。 26.contrast n.对比，对照；明显的差异；对比，对照； by contrast 对比之

19、下，相反 in contrast to/with 和形成对比 contrast A and/with B 把A与B对比/对照【即时训练】中西方文化之间有明显的差异。 相比之下，你的方法更好。 27.identify v.确认，认出，鉴定；v.找到，发现；认同，理解；词性拓展：identification n.鉴定，辨认，确认identity n.身份； identify.by sth. 根据/凭借某物辨认出 identify.as 认出是 identify oneself 说出/透露身份 identify with 认同，与某人产生共鸣，同情【即时训练】你能根据这个人的照片辨认出她吗？ 他们正

20、在试图找出机器出了什么问题。 28.present v.把交给，颁发；介绍，引荐；支持节目；呈现，显示；礼物，礼品；adj.目前的，当前的（前置定语）；出席的，到场的（与介词at连用，常做表语和后置定语）词性拓展：presentation n.介绍，呈现presenter n.主持人；【即时训练】在目前的情况下，总统不适合出席会议。 你需要更善于展示自己。 词组结构1.give way to 让步，屈服；让先行，让自己陷入（某种情绪等）；拓展词组：give in the way of 挡的路，妨碍；feel ones way 摸索着前进，小心从事；wind ones way 蜿蜒前进；make

21、 ones way to 朝前进【即时训练】我们拒绝对他们的要求让步。 她躺在床上，感到一阵无助。 2.turn to 求助于，致力于，转向，翻到，变成；拓展词组：turn around 转身turn in 上缴，上交turn up 出现，露面，调大turn out 生产，结果是turn over 移交，打翻，翻身【即时训练】他有麻烦时常向我求助。 生气很容易转变成暴力，而且最好知道生气的理由。 3.go without 没有而勉强应付，没有也行；拓展词组：It goes without saying that. 不言而喻，不用说go with 与某物相配go through 经历，浏览，检查

22、go over 复习go off（警报器等）突然发出巨响，离开【即时训练】我们今天没有肉吃也可以勉强应付。 健康是最重要的，这是不言而喻的。 4.speed up加速，使加速拓展词组：“动词+up”结构短语（up表示由小变大）speak up 大声点说grow up 长大成人build up 逐步建立warm up 加热，热身speed n.速度at a speed of. 以的速度build up/pick up speed 加速speed by 飞驰而过，掠过at top speed 以全速【即时训练】他们正在拓宽桥以加快交通流速。 要是你加紧，我们可以在天黑前完成工作。 句型结构1.Th

23、ere comes a time when the old must give way to the new.This is/was a time when. 这是/曾是一个的时期There was a time when. 曾有一段时间重点结构：there引起的完全倒装句表地点的副词there,here位于句首时，“There/here+谓语+主语”，这类的谓语通常是系动词be和come,go等表示移动的不及物动词或stand,lie,live,appear,seem,exist,remain,follow,happen,arise等表状态的词。up,down,in,out,away, of

24、f等表方位的副词和表示地点的介词短语置于句首，“谓语+主语”；如主语是代词时，则不用倒装。当形容词、过去分词、现在分词、介词短语做表语位于句首时，要用完全倒装。Present at the meeting were professor White, Professor Smith and many other guests.【即时训练】以下是你必须注意的几个相关细节。 在房间前面坐着一位老人在抽烟斗。 2.Not only had the countries found a path to the future that., but they had also learnt that it w

25、as.重点结构：not only.but also.用作并列连词时，not only后的句子用部分倒装，but also后的句子不倒装。该结构用来连接并列成分，如两个主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等，注意连接主语时遵循就近原则。【即时训练】他们不仅说着相同的语言，也分享着很多社会习俗。 不仅我而且Tom和Mary喜欢看这部电影。 3.It is said its a mirror that can tell right from wrong!重点结构：“It + be +过去分词+that从句”句型该句适应的过去分词主要有：said, reported, announced, hoped,

26、 though, told, believed, expected, decided, suggested, known等注意：该句型也可转换成：主语+is said/reported/believed+动词不定式归纳拓展：It + be +名词+that从句（适用名词：a pity, an honor, a fact, a surprise, no wonder, ones duty等）It+seems/ appears/happens+that从句It+动词+that/how/what/whether从句（适用动词：hit, strike, occur to, matter, make a

27、 difference等）【即时训练】建议运动会推迟到下周举行。 我突然想到我们应当制定新计划。 4.As one researcher who is working on the project explains,.重点结构：as引导的非限制性定语从句as引导非限制性定从，在从句中做主语、表语或宾语，且从句位置灵活。as修饰是整个主句，并对其进行说明，表“正如，就像”之意，常见句型：As the story/saying goes. 俗话说As sb. puts it,. 正如某人所说As is mentioned above, . 正如上文所提到的，As is the case with.

28、, 正如所常见的情形，As is said/reported/well known that. 据说/报道/众所周知注意：as引导限制性定从，主要用在such.as.（像如此的）及the same.as（像一样的）结构中。【即时训练】我从来没有见过像她这样漂亮的女孩。 正如某人所说，知识就是力量。 【即时训练】答案1.它是土耳其过去的首都。It is the former capital of Turkey. 2.我们所有项目都旨在促进贫困和偏远社区的发展。All our projects aim to promote the development of pole and low mode

29、communities. 3.我很快被晋升为编辑。I am soon promoted to editor.4.这项新技术已被应用于农业。This new technology has been applied to agriculture.5.他这几年都专注于学习法语。These years he is applying himself to learning French.6.盐保护食物免于变坏。Salt preserves the food from going bad.7.维护公共秩序是警察的职责。It is the duty of police to preserve the pub

30、lic order.8.我们必须权衡事物的利和弊。We must balance the advantages against the disadvantages of things. 9.她力图兼顾家庭生活和事业。She tried her best to balance home life and career.10.他提议我们应该改掉这些不良习性。His proposal is that we should get rid of this bad habits. 11.他建议改变这个公司的名字。He proposed to change the name of the company.1

31、2.人们对价格上涨提出抗议。People made a protest against the rise in prices. 13.他们罢工去抗议新政策。They went on a strike to protest against the new policy. 14.入场券可能很贵。Tickets are likely to be expensive.15.盗贼很可能不知道此物的价值。Its more than likely that the thief dont know how much it is worth. 16.我很抱歉我的词汇量是如此有限以致于我找不到词汇来描绘它。Im

32、sorry that my vocabularies were so limited that I could find no words to describe it. 17.生命有限，知识无涯。Our life have a limit, but knowledge is without limit.18.如果你保持开放的心态，就会有无限的可能。There are limitless possibilities, if you keep an open mind. 19.我一时不知道怎么回答她的问题。For a moment, I was at a loss how to respond

33、to her question.20. 那个商人给我校捐了很多钱。The businessman made a donation of a lot of money to my school.21.就我而言，我很乐意捐款给哪些穷困潦倒的人的。Personally, Im ready to make a contribute to those who are badly off. 22.每个人都应当为保护环境做贡献。Everyone should make a contribution to protecting the environment.23.我确实相信美丽来自内在。I truly be

34、lieve that beauty comes from within. 24.那水果我够不着。The fruit isnt within my reach.25.我们需要尽最大努力解决重要的问题。We need to try our best to solve the important issue.26.下个月将发行奥运会邮票。Olympic stamps will be issued next month.27.他表现得比预料的要好得多。He conducted himself far better than expected.28.在他父亲的管理下，他们的事业相当成功。Under th

35、e conduct of his father, their business was very successful.29.他试图和他们取得联系，但没有成功。He attempted to get in touch with them, but without success.30.为削减费用，关闭了两家工厂。Two factories were closed in an attempt to cut costs. 31.和她为这样的无聊事争吵不值得。It isnt worthwhile to quarrel with her about such boring things.32.感谢你们

36、使得我的访问如此有价值。Thank you for making my visit so worthwhile. 33.参加本课程的大多数人是职业女性。Most of the people on the course were professional women.34.顾客获得免费进入游泳池和健康俱乐部。Guests gain a free entrance to the swimming pool and the health club.35.我们买的大部分食品都用某种方法加工过。Most of the food we buy is processed in some way.36.我们正

37、在出售自家的住宅。We are in the process of selling our house.37.你能原谅我忘了你的生日吗？Can you forgive me for forgetting your birthday.38.他在公众心目中的形象与他真实的本人截然不同。His public image is very different from the real person. 39.我心里想象出她的大致模样。I had a mental image of what she would look like. 40.这个博物馆一年到头每天都开放。The museum is open

38、 daily throughout the year.41.这种产品质量好价格也不贵。This product is of high quality and its not expensive either.42.这个收音机在质量上很劣质，不到一年它就坏了。The radio is pull of good quality, it broke down with less than a year of use. 43.在比较价格时，也要考虑商品的质量。When compared prices, one has to take into consideration of the quality

39、of the goods.44.他们把纽约比作不夜城。They make a comparison of New York to a sleepless town.45.跟伦敦相比，巴黎是小的。In comparison with London, Paris is small.46.中西方文化之间有明显的差异。There is a obvious contrast between the cultures of East and West. 47.相比之下，你的方法更好。By contrast, your method is better.48.你能根据这个人的照片辨认出她吗？Can you

40、identify the woman by her picture.49.他们正在试图找出机器出了什么问题。They are trying to identify whats the matter with the machine.50.在目前的情况下，总统不适合出席会议。The President is not fit to present at the meeting in the present situation.51.你需要更善于展示自己。You need to present yourself better. 52.我们拒绝对他们的要求让步。Weve reduced to give

41、 way to their demands. 53.她躺在床上，感到一阵无助。Throwing herself on the bed, she gave way to helplessness.54.他有麻烦时常向我求助。He often turns to me for help when in trouble. 55.生气很容易转变成暴力，而且最好知道生气的理由。Anger can easily turn to violence and it is best to know the reasons for anger.56.我们今天没有肉吃也可以勉强应付。We can go without

42、meat today.57.健康是最重要的，这是不言而喻的。It goes without saying that health is the most important. 58.他们正在拓宽桥以加快交通流速。They are broadening the bridge to speed speed up the flow of traffic.59.要是你加紧，我们可以在天黑前完成工作。If you speed up your work, we can finish before it is dark.60.以下是你必须注意的几个相关细节。Here are several relevant

43、 details you have to pay attention to.61.在房间前面坐着一位老人在抽烟斗。In front of the house set an old man smoking a pipe.62.他们不仅说着相同的语言，也分享着很多社会习俗。Not only do they speak the same language, but they also share many social customers 633.不仅我而且Tom和Mary喜欢看这部电影。Not only me but also Tom and Mary like watching the movie. 64.建议运动会推迟到下周举行。It is suggested that the sports meeting should be put off to next week.65.我突然想到我们应当制定新计划。It occurs to me that we should make a new plan. 66.我从来没有见过像她这样漂亮的女孩。I have never seen such a beautiful girl as she is. 67.正如某人所说，知识就是力量。As someone puts it, knowledge is power.