Unit 1 Festivals and Celebration：Period 1 Reading and Thinking（学案）-【帮课堂】2023-2024学年高一英语同步学与练（人教2019版必修第三册）.docx

1、Book 3 Unit 1 Festivals and CelebrationPeriod 1 Reading and Thinking01预习导学.单词认读关(先填后记诵)一、基础词汇记其形 1._ vi. & n”. 行进；前进；示威游行2._ vt向（某人）道贺；（因某事）为自己感到自豪3._ n.一系列；范围 界限 vi.包括；（在一定范围内）变化4._ n.起源；起因；出身5._n.宗教；宗教信仰6._ n.人物；数字；身材 vt.认为；认定7._ n.魅力；迷人的待征；咒语8._ adj.高兴的；快乐的9._ n.惑激之情；感谢10._ n.收获季节；vi. & vt.收割（庄稼）

2、；捕猎动物、鱼 ）11._ vt.装饰；装潢12._ adj.有重大意义的；显著的13._vt.&vi.逐渐消失；（使 ）褪色；（身体）变得虚弱14._ adj.典型的；有代表性的；平常的15._ n.鞭炮；爆竹16._ adj.邪恶的； n.邪恶：罪恶；罪行17._adj.商业（化 ）的：以获利为目的的18._ n. pl.m_）媒介; 手段；方法 19._adj.农 业(劳动/生产)20._ n.庄嫁;作物; 一季的收成21._ vi.聚集; 集合vt.聚集;搜集;收割22._ adj.感激的:表示惑谢的23._ .为特色n.特色;特征;特点24._ vt.显示；反映；反射25._ n.倍

3、仰；信心；信任26._n.宗教信仰；信任；相信27._ n特别的事情（或仪武、庆典）；（适当的）机会二、核心词汇记中变1_ n.起源:起因;出身_adj.原来的，起初的:最早的2._n.高兴:喜悦:令人高兴的人(或事)_adj.高兴的:愉快的_adv高兴地_n.高兴3._n.农业:农学,农艺_adj农学的:农艺的4._adj.感激的;表示感谢的临_adv.感激地_n.感激之情_adj.感谢;感激;欣慰(同义词)5. decorate v.装饰，装修decoration n.装饰decorations n.装饰品decorator n.室内装潢师；6._n.类型;种类 _adj有代表性的; 典型

4、的，平常的7._n.贸易:商业:商务_adj.贸易的;商业的:赢利的_vt.商业化;使商业化._n.商业化8._n.特别的事情，（适当的）机会_ adj.临时的，偶尔的_ adv.偶尔，有时候；9. _n.媒介，手段，方法；adj.中等的，中号的_ n.媒介，手段（复数）；10._ n.宗教信仰，信任，相信_ adj.忠诚的，如实的_adj.不忠诚的，无信仰的；11._ v.祝贺，为感到高兴_ n. (常用复数形式)祝贺，恭喜；12._ n.宗教，宗教信仰_ adj.宗教的；13._ n.魅力，迷人的特征_ adj.迷人的，有魅力的；14._ adj.有重大意义的，显著的_ n.意义，意思，重

5、要性；15._ v.显示，反映，反射，思考_ n.显示，反射，思考；16._ n.信仰，信任_ vt.相信，认为；三、阅读词汇识其义1.lanternn._2.carnivaln. _mercialisation （NAmE.also -ization） n. _4.turkey n. _.语块记诵关(先填后记诵)1.广泛的，大量的 _a wide range of2.全世界_all around/over the world3.著名人物_famous figures4.发生_take place5.收集，收割_gather in 6.感激._be grateful for7.用.装饰._de

6、corate.with8.赏月_admire the moon9.起重要作用_play a significant role in10. 随时间流逝_over time11.随着.的发展_with the development of12. 逐渐消失_fade away13. 燃放爆竹_light firecrackers14. 驱赶，驱逐_drive away15.尽管_ in spite of16.利用_ take advantage of17. 对.的态度_ an attitude towards18.有很多共同之处_ have a lot in common.佳句赏析关(先赏后译)1.

7、 They are occasions that allow us to relax and enjoy life, and forget about our work for a little while.节日是让我们放松心情、享受生活、暂时忘却工作的时刻。 赏析 翻译 2. (教材P5)Festivals are becoming more and more commercial，with businesses taking advantage of the celebrations.赏析 翻译 3. (教材P5)Online shopping websites and social me

8、dia apps have made it much easier for the public to spend more on gifts for their loved ones.赏析 翻译 02语篇理解Step 1PrereadingWarming up：.What festivals do you know?in Chinain European countries.Make a mind map of things that you often do during the Spring Festival. Why do we celebrate these festivals?St

9、ep 2WhilereadingTask 1: Fast reading. Read the text and find out the topic sentence of each paragraph.Tip: The topic sentence is often the first sentence, but sometimes it is found elsewhere. Identifying the main ideas of paragraphs is necessary when analysing a text. Most paragraphs will have a “to

10、pic sentence” that tells you the paragraphs main idea. It is often the first sentence, but sometimes it is found elsewhere in the paragraph.Task 2: Intensive reading . Multiple choice ( ) 1.Which of the following is the common spirit of all festivals? A. Enjoying life B. Showing respect C. Honoring

11、ancestors D. Sharing happiness( ) 2.When did a harvest Festival take place in ancient Egypt? A. In spring. B. In summer. C. In autumn. D. In winter.( ) 3. What changes can we experience during the Spring Festival? A. No one believes they exist, evil spirits.B. People pay more attention to their envi

12、ronment.C. Many celebration activities are held abroad.D. People have ignored the traditional customs.( ) 4.What is the authors attitude towards the commercialized festivals? A. Supportive. B. Neutral. C. Opposed. D. Unconcerned. ( ) 5.What will you find if you study festivals carefully?A. Festivals

13、 are an important part of society.B. Festivals are becoming more and more commercial.C. Customs play a significant role in festivals.D. Different cultures have much in common. Answer the questions.1.Read the first paragraph and answer the questions.1. What do most festivals seem to have in common? 2

14、. Why do you think people around the world find these things important? 2. Read the second paragraph and describe the harvest festivals around the worldWhen:_Why:_How:_3. Read the Paragraph 3, then complete the chart.beforeafterChinese Spring FestivalHalloween4. Read the fourth paragraph and answer

15、the question.What is the writers attitude towards the commercialisation of festivals? Positive or Negative?_Step 3Postreading1. When festivals come, some merchants will launch preferential activities, thus so many people go to buy goods that they dont need. How do you view this phenomenon?_2. More a

16、nd more young people are crazy about western festivals. What do you think of the increasing number of Chinese teenagers celebrating Western festivals?_03语言学习Part 1核心词汇1. receive congratulations from . (P2) 收到来自的祝贺congratulation /knrtulen/ n. 祝贺；恭喜【常用搭配】receive congratulations from. 收到来自的祝贺a letter o

17、f congratulation 贺信Congratulations! 恭喜恭喜!(常用作祝贺语)Congratulations (to sb.)on sth.! 祝贺(某人)某事!congratulate sb. on sth 因某事向某人道贺 congratulate oneself on (doing) sth. 因某事为自己感到高兴/自豪 【即学即练】1.Congratulations _your perfect performance!2.Friends send their_(congratulation) to Tom because he has been admitted i

18、nto Peking Universality.3.I congratulate myself _getting first place in the writing contest.4.我想对你的成功表示诚挚的祝贺。I want to_ your success.5.我们向获胜者祝贺。We_to the winners.6.祝贺你在学习汉语方面取得大的进步。_in learning Chinese.2.range n种类；范围；幅度；界限v.(在一定范围内)变动；变化；排列【常用搭配】a full/wide range of 各种各样的；范围广泛的；一套；一系列in/within range

19、 (of.) 在()可及的范围内beyond/out of range (of.) 超出(的)范围range from A to B 在A到B范围内变动range between A and B 在A和B范围之间变动a wide/full range of 各种各样的；广泛的【即学即练】1. She has had a number of different jobs, _(range) from chef to swimming instructor. 2.The price of the car ranges _ 20,000 dollars _ 30,000 dollars, which

20、 is out _ his range. 3. It came _the range of my vision.4.She has_ (广泛的) interests.5.Hiring and firing are both_(在-范围内)his responsibilities.6.She has had a number of different jobs，_(从清洁工到公交司机).3. origin n. 起源；起因；出身 have ones origin（s）in 起源于 in origin 本质上，从起源上看 by origin 依原始位置；由于的起源original adj. 最初的

21、；独创的originally adv. 最初地；起源地 Im looking for some original music a little more out of the ordinary. 我正在寻找一些稍微不同寻常的原创音乐。【即学即练】1.Hes writing a dictionary that explains the _ (origin) of words.2.Our _ (origin) plan was to go camping, but it was pouring with rain.3._ (origin), we had planned a tour of Che

22、ngdu but we didnt go in the end.4. figure n. 人物; 数字; 身材 vt. 认为; 认定【常用搭配】figure out理解; 弄明白; 计算出keep ones figure保持身材have a good figure 身材好a political figure 一位政治人物【即学即练】1.What you really need to do is to figure _ the reason why you fail in the exam. 2.只有通过均衡饮食，规律锻炼，你才能既保持体形又健康。Only by means of balance

23、d diets and regular exercise _ as well as stay healthy. 5. grateful adj感激的；表示谢意的【常用搭配】be grateful to sb for sth 因某事而感激某人be grateful to do sth 因做某事而感激I would be grateful if you could do. 如果你能，我将感激不尽。 be grateful that. 感激gratefully adv感谢地gratitude n.感激之情;感激【即学即练】1.I am grateful to you _ decorating our

24、 classroom for the graduation ceremony. 2.I am writing to convey my heartfelt _(grateful) for what you have done for me. 3.如果您能接受我们的邀请，并在节目中给我们宝贵的建议，我们将不胜感激。_ you could accept our invitation and give us invaluable advice in the show. _ you could accept our invitation and give us invaluable advice in

25、 the show. 6. feature v. 以为特色 n. 特色；特征；特点【常用搭配】main/important/significant/distinguishing feature主要的/重要的/显著的/明显的特点【即学即练】1.One of the _ (明显的特征) of this exhibition is the application of artificial intelligence, which has attracted many visitors.2.This exhibition _ (以为特征) the application of artificial i

26、ntelligence, which has attracted many visitors.7. decorate v.装饰;装潢【常用搭配】decorate.with 以装饰decorate sb for 因为而授某人勋章decorate A with B 用B装饰Abe decorated with (被)装饰着decoration n.装饰; 装饰风格; 装饰品decorative adj. (物体或建筑)装饰性的;作装饰用的【即学即练】1.You need to decorate your mind _ virtue.2.With its simple_(decorate)，the

27、main bedroom becomes a peaceful place. 3._(decorate) with many bells, the Christmas tree looked nice. 4.他们用花和气球装饰了房间。They_flowers and balloons5.客厅需要粉刷。Thesittingroom_.8.【词汇拓展】_n.C特别的事情;C某次，的时候_adj偶尔的,临时的_adv.偶尔,有时候【知识拓展】(1) 当occasion 表示“机会，时间”，作先行词，且关系词在定语从句中作状语时，关系词用when；(2) 当occasion 表示“场合”， 作先行词，

28、且关系词在定语从句中作状语时，关系词用where。(3)如果occasion在定语从句中做主语和宾语，则用关系代词that/ which. 【常用搭配】on occasion(s)(=sometimes)有时;偶尔 on one occasion(=once) 有一次 on this/that occasion 这/那一次 on the occasion of. 在的时候 【即学即练】1.Ive had _ mild headaches all my life. 2.He still misbehaves _ _. 3.Icanrememberveryfewoccasions_hehadtoc

29、ancelbecauseofillhealth. 4.Tellmeofanoccasion_youhadtodemonstratebusinessleadership.5._( occasion) I would read a novel that was assigned, but I didnt enjoy this type of reading.9.【词汇拓展】_ v. 象征;代表;相当于_ n. 代表;代表团;代理_ adj.代表性的 n.代表;代理人【常用搭配】represent sb.as/to be.宣称某人是represent sth. to sb. 向某人说明(传达)某事r

30、epresent sb./on behalf of sb.代表某人【即学即练】1.He is a_(represent) of students. 2.She represents her mother _ the kindest mother in the world. 3._ (represent) our school, Im delighted to invite you to attend a Chinese classical music concert. 4._(代表我们学校)，Im glad to tell you something about the coming voll

31、eyball game. 10.make-up (n.)化妆品；性格；构成方式【词汇拓展】make up 构成，形成；编造（故事、谎言等）；补上（失去的东西），作出补偿1. after all 毕竟；别忘了It took her a long time to do her hair and make-up, and to get dressed.她花了很长时间做头发、化妆和穿衣。put on your make-up/wear make-up 上妆/化妆 make up/make oneself/sb up 化妆；上妆a persons genetic make-up 一个人的遗传性格 the

32、 make-up of a TV audience 电视观众的构成a heavily made-up face 浓妆的脸 a made-up story虚构的故事 (made-up adj. 化妆的；编造的)I think the Rio Carnival would be the most exciting. After all, as you know, I love to dance. 我认为里约热内卢狂欢节是最激动人心的。毕竟，你知道，我热爱跳舞。 (毕竟；终归)Prisoners should be treated with respect- they are human being

33、s after all.罪犯们应受到尊重-别忘了他们是人。(（解释或说明理由）别忘了，到底)11. Customs play a significant role in festivals, but sometimes they can change over time. (P4)风俗在节日中扮演重要角色，但有时也随时间而变化。significant /snfknt/ adj. 有重大意义的；显著的【常用搭配】significance n. U, C 重要性，意义significantly adv. 显著地，明显地be of great / much significance 重要的，有重大意

34、义的be of no / little significance 无关紧要的have great / no significance (for .) （对）很重要/不重要attach (great) significance to .（非常）重视The proposals they put forward at the meeting were of little significance.他们在会上提出的建议无关紧要。The new drug has great significance for the treatment of the disease.这种新药对于这种疾病的治疗有重大意义。

35、The Chinese government attaches great significance to the issue of climate change.中国政府非常重视气候变化问题。12. Festivals are becoming more and more commercial, with businesses taking advantage of the celebrations. (P5)节日正变得越来越商业化，商家会利用这些庆祝活动（进行促销）。【知识拓展】take advantage of 利用；欺骗；占的便宜disadvantage n. U，C 不利因素，障碍，

36、不便之处have the advantage of . 具有的有利条件 take full advantage of 充分利用【例句】Im going to take advantage of this tour to explore the history of the castle.我将利用这次旅行来探索这个城堡的历史。David took advantage of my trust, taking more than I had intended to give.大卫利用了我的信任，拿走的比我想要给的还多。13. It was great fun walking along the st

37、reets, enjoying the relaxing atmosphere! (P6) 走在街上，享受轻松的氛围，真是太有趣了！atmosphere /tmsf(r)/ n. 气氛；氛围；（地球的）大气（层）【例句】Pale wooden floors and plenty of natural light add to the relaxed atmosphere.淡色木地板和充足的自然光增添了轻松的氛围。【知识拓展】当atmosphere表示抽象地点并作先行词时，后接定语从句，且关系词在从句中作地点状语时，定语从句要用where来引导。类似的词还有stage，situation，poi

38、nt等。The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere where his employees enjoy their work. 这家公司的老板尽力创造一种轻松的氛围，在这种氛围中他的员工能享受他们的工作。14. But, to be frank, the fireworks going off throughout the night were really annoying. (P7)但是，说实话，整晚燃放的烟花声真的令人烦躁。go off 爆炸；走火；离开【例句】This robot is designed

39、to take apart bombs that may go off.设计这种机器人就是用来拆除那些可能爆炸的炸弹的。My parents both retired and went off to lead an easy life in the countryside.我父母都退休了，去乡下过着安逸的生活。【知识拓展】（1）go off （铃、警报等）响起；（电灯）熄灭；（电）中断；停止运行；（食物、饮料）变质【即学即练】给出句子中go off 的意义。（1） I overslept this morning because my clock didnt go off. _今天早晨闹钟没有

40、响，所以我睡过头了。（2）While I was cooking supper, the electricity suddenly went off. _我正在做晚饭，突然间停电了。（3）Youd better put the fish in the fridge, or it soon goes off in this hot weather. _你最好把鱼放在冰箱里，否则天气这么热，它很快就会变质。15. in spite of 不管；尽管 in spite of 为短语介词，后跟名词、代词或动名词等，不能跟that 从句。In spite of all his efforts he fa

41、iled.尽管他很努力还是失败了。【难点解析】in spite of，regardless of，despite 是（短语）介词，后跟名词、代词或动名词，不能引导从句。引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管”的连词有although，though，as（引导倒装句）。We went out in spite of the heavy rain.We went out in spite of/despite the fact that it was raining heavily.Although/Though it was raining heavily，we went out.尽管下着大雨，我们还是出

42、去了。【即学即练】同义句转换In spite of the heavy rain，we went shopping yesterday. _, we went shoppingyesterday.（介词短语） _, we went shopping yesterday.（状语从句）16. take advantage of 利用；欺骗；占的便宜 have an advantage over 比有优势I would like to take advantage of this chance to express my thanks for your help. 我想借这个机会，对你们的帮助表示感

43、谢。A man who can speak English fluently has an advantage over others. 英语说得流利的人比其他人有优势。【拓展延伸】make use of 利用；使用make good/full/little use of 好好/充分/不充分利用make the best of 充分利用make the most of 充分利用【即学即练】We should take advantage every chance to practise our spoken English. The members of our team are more e

44、xperienced and we have an advantage their team. 17.reflect v. 显示；反映；反射；认真思考；沉思 reflect on/upon 思考；反思reflect back 反射；把如实地反映出 reflect from 从反射出reflect in 在中反射出来；在中反映出来reflect deeply/seriously 深思/ 认真思考In class, you will mainly learn Tang poetry, which reflects traditional Chinese culture.在课堂上，你将主要学习唐诗，

45、它反映了中国传统文化。Im sitting in the small yard, reflecting on the plan.我坐在小院子里，思考着这个计划。【拓展延伸】reflection n. 映像；反射；反映；沉思【即学即练】We should reflect the likely reactions of the market before we act. Usually a childs behaviour is a （reflect）of his family environment. 18. belief n. 信仰；信心；信任 Ones belief is that. 某人相

46、信/ 认为 It is ones belief that. 某人相信/认为 in the belief that. 相信 have belief in 相信，信任 beyond belief 令人难以置信contrary to popular belief 与普遍的看法相反Im always in the belief that he will succeed.我始终相信他会成功。It was beyond belief that the little boy could work out such a problem.这个小男孩能够算出那样一道题令人难以置信。【词汇辨析】 同根词搭配的介词大

47、多数情况下相同。believe in sb. = have belief in sb. 信任某人be different from = differ from 与不同【即学即练】The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total . （believe）that you are better than anyone else on the sports field. It is my belief we can rely on ourselves to solve the problem. Part 2核心句型1.Howev

48、er,no matter how different they may seem,all over the world,the spirit of sharing joy,gratitude,love,or peace is common in all festivals.【句式剖析】句中的no matter how different they may seem是no matter how.的让步状语从句。no matter 引导让步状语从句常和who,when,where,how,what连用。No matter what you may say,he will not believe y

49、ou.不管你说什么,他都不会相信你。You must continue to carry out the plan no matter how much you may disagree with them.无论你和他们之间有多大的分歧,你都得继续执行这个计划。No matter where his business took him,he always managed to go home for the festival.不管因生意关系去了什么地方,他总要赶回家过节。【句式拓展】no matter when/where/how引导让步状语从句时,相当于whenever,wherever,h

50、owever,意为“无论何时/何地/如何”。However far away we are,we feel close to each other.No matter how far away we are,we feel close to each other.无论距离有多远,我们都会感觉彼此很亲近。【温馨提示】whatever,whoever,whichever,whomever既可引导名词性从句,也可引导让步状语从句,在引导让步状语从句时,相当于no matter what/who/which/whom。It is not right to give a child whatever h

51、e wants.孩子要什么就给他什么是错误的。【即学即练】1. 完成句子(1)无论你在什么地方,我都能用我的心灵触摸到你_ _ _ _ _I can feel you with my heart.(2)不管任务如何艰巨,我们必须按时完成。_ _ _ _ _the task may be,we must complete it on time2. 句式转换(3) I ensure Ill help you whenever you have difficulties.I ensure Ill help you_ _ _ you have difficulties.2.Festivals are

52、becoming more and more commercial, with businesses taking advantage of the celebrations.节日正变得越来越商业化，商家会利用这些庆祝活动（进行促销）。【句型】 “with businesses taking advantage of the celebrations” 这是with 的复合结构。With the increasing of populations,the demand for water grows accordingly.随着人口的增长,用水量也相应增加。He died with his d

53、aughter yet a schoolgirl.他去世时，女儿还是个小学生。He often sleeps with the windows open.他常开着窗睡觉。He stood before his teacher with his head down.他低着头站在老师面前。She said good-bye with tears in her eyes. 她含着眼泪说了声再见。He sat there with his eyes closed.他闭目坐在那儿。He fell asleep with the lamp burning.他没熄灯就睡着了。I cant go out wi

54、th all these clothes to wash要洗这些衣服，我无法出去了。总结“with businesses taking advantage of the celebrations” 这是with 的复合结构，其构成是“_”， 在句中表状态或说明背景情况，常做伴随，方式，原因，条件等状语。其中可以做宾语补足语的有_、_ 、_、 _、 _ 、_。【即学即练】(1)随着科学的发展，人类的生活发生了巨大的变化_ _ _ _science,human life has changed tremendously(2)随着她的长大,她开始意识到她要做什么。_ _ _ _, she began

55、 to know what she was going to be.(3)I wont be able to go on holiday_.因为妈妈有病，我无法去度假。(4)_, we are sure to finish it in time.有这么多人来帮我们，我们一定会及时完成任务的。3.Online shopping websites and social media apps have made it much easier for the public to spend more on gifts for their loved ones. 购物网站和社交软件使公众更容易花更多的钱

56、为他们爱的人买礼物。【句式剖析】句中的made it much easier for the public to spend more.是“make+宾语+宾语补足语”结构,其中it是形式宾语,for the public to spend more on gifts for their loved ones是不定式的复合结构作真正的宾语,much easier是宾语补足语。The Internet has made it quicker to look for all kinds of information. 因特网使得查找各类信息更加快捷。【句式拓展】在该结构中, it除了代替动词不定式

57、外, 还可以代替that引导的宾语从句,宾语补足语除了形容词外, 还可以是名词。The glass windows make it possible that the sunlight can easily be felt.玻璃窗使人们能够很容易地感受到阳光。We make it a rule that everyone should change shoes before entering the room.我们规定,在进入房间之前,每个人都应该更换鞋子。【即学即练】 完成句子。(1)This makes _ necessary for the farmers to grow corn in

58、 dry areas.(2)The teacher makes it clear_ everyone should hand in his homework on time.(3)The deep snow and bitter frost made it impossible for his horse_(carry) him any farther.答案(1)it (2)that(3)to carry04随堂小练Part 1动词的形式变化和词形转换1I sincerely express my (congratulate) on your graduating from Tsinghua

59、University. 2After washing, we wandered around outside the tents drying in the sun and getting (dress). 3Parents should involve their children in family decisions, such as home (decorate) and holiday arrangements. 4Nowadays, science and technology play an important role in the improvement of (agricu

60、lture) production. 5How (joy) and relaxing it is to take a bath after a busy day! 6Even in the (commerce) heart of its largest city, religion remains central to life in Myanmar. 7The walls, painted brilliant white, (reflect) the afternoon sun. 8All the examples tell us that English (invent) by peopl

61、e and it (reflect) the creativity of the human race. 9In the journey of self-discovery, nothing is (significant) than finding inner peace and contentment. 10Tears of (grateful) rolling down her face, she embraced her mentor who saved her from the depths of despair. 11Todays festivals have many origi

62、ns, some (religion), some seasonal, some in memory of ancestors, and some for special people or events. 12 We hold a strong (believe) that we will be admitted to universities next year. 13Im joyous to know you have in me. (faithfully) 14After retirement, he lives in Beijing, with (occasion) travel a

63、broad. 15They organized many (march) to help black people win the equal right. Part 2课文语法填空Todays festivals have a wide range of _1_, including the seasons of the year, famous _2_, important events and religions. The _3_ festival is one of the most popular festivals and is celebrated in many _4_. Cu

64、stoms play a _5_ role in festivals, but they can change over time. For example, some Chinese cities no longer allow firecrackers during the Spring Festival, as they can increase air pollution. These days, festivals are becoming more _6_, with people spending more money on gifts. Festivals _7_ people

65、s wishes, beliefs, faiths and attitudes _8_ life. They are _9_ to spend time with family and to _10_ and enjoy life.05培优提升AIn 1947 a group of famous people from the art world decided to hold an international festival of music, dance and theatre in Edinburgh. The idea was to reunite Europe after Worl

66、d War .It quickly attracted famous names such as Alec Guinness, Richard Burton, Dame Margot Fonteyn and Marlene Dietrich as well as the big symphony orchestras (交响乐团). It became a fixed event every August and now attracts about 400,000 people yearly.At the same time, the Edinburgh Festival Fringe (t

67、he Fringe) appeared as a challenge to the official festival. Eight theatre groups turned up uninvited in 1947, believing that everyone should have the right to perform, and they did so in a public house that had been disused for years.Soon, groups of students firstly from the University of Edinburgh

68、, and later from the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge, Durham and Birmingham were making the journey to the Scottish capital each summer to perform plays by little-known writers in small halls.Today the Fringe, once less embraced, has far outgrown the festival with around 1,500 performances of m

69、usic, dance and theatre on every one of the 21 days it lasts. And yet as early as 1959, with only 19 theatre groups performing, some said it was getting too big.A paid administrator (管理人员) was first employed only in 1971, and today there are eight administrators working all year round and the number

70、 rises to 150 during August itself. In 2004 there were 200 places housing 1,695 shows by over 600 different groups from 50 different countries. More than 1.25 million tickets were sold.1Why did some famous people hold an international festival in 1947?ATo honor heroes of World War .BTo introduce you

71、ng theatre groups.CTo attract great artists from Europe.DTo bring Europe together again.2Why did some uninvited theatre groups come to Edinburgh?AThey came to take up a challenge.BThey thought they were also famous.CThey wanted to take part in the festival.DThey owned a public house there.3What does

72、 the underlined word mean in paragraph 5?Aaccepted.Bchecked.Callowed.Dcontrolled.4Why are the numbers mentioned in the last paragraph?ATo prove different groups have come to the festival.BTo show administrators are busy in August.CTo prove the tickets of the festival sell well.DTo show the festival

73、has grown rapidly.BIf you are a fruit grower or would like to become one take advantage of Apple Day to see whats around. Its called Apple Day but in fact its more like Apple Month. The day itself is on October 21, but since it has caught on, events now spread out over most of October around Britain

74、.Visiting an apple event is a good chance to see, and often taste various kinds of apples. To people who are used to the limited choice of apples such as Golden Delicious and Royal Gala in supermarkets, it can be quite an eye opener to see a number of classical apples that still exist today, such as

75、 Decio which was grown by the Romans. Although it doesnt taste of anything special, its still worth a try, as is the knobbly (多疙瘩的) Cats Head which is more of a curiosity than anything else.There are also types developed to suit particular local conditions. One of the very best types for eating qual

76、ity is Orleans Reinette, but youll need a warm, sheltered place with perfect soil to grow it, so its a pipe dream for most apple lovers who fall in love with it.At the events, you can meet expert growers and discuss which ones will best suit your conditions, and because these are family activities,

77、children are greatly fond of apple-themed fun and games.Apple Days are being held at all sorts of places with an interest in fruit, including impressive gardens and commercial orchards (果园). If you want to have a real orchard experience, try visiting the National Fruit Collection at Brogdale, near F

78、aversham in Kent.5What can people do at the apple events?AAttend experts lectures.BVisit fruit-loving families.CPlant fruit trees in an orchard.DTaste many kinds of apples.6What can we learn about Decio?AIt is a new type.BIt has an ugly look.CIt is rarely seen now.DIt has a special taste.7What does

79、the underlined phrase “a pipe dream” in Paragraph 3 mean?AA practical idea.BAn impossible hope.CAn excellent plan.DA selfish wish.8What is the authors purpose in writing the text?ATo show how to grow apples.BTo introduce an apple festival.CTo help people choose apples.DTo promote apple research.COf

80、the many colorful Romanian traditions that are brought to life every year, the Bear Dance is one of the most inspiring. This folk tradition dates back to thousands of years ago.Traditionally, the arrival of the “bears” is announced by a small group of “irozi”, who blow whistles (口哨) to a rhythm set

81、by the head bear tamer (训兽师). Chosen for his leadership skills, the head tamer is the one who decides when each of the acts is played and gives the cues.The “bears” dance to the beat set by the pan flutes (排萧) and the drums, after practicing for up to three months before the day of the ceremony. Wea

82、ring the special costumes requires strength and must be handled with confidence, to look fierce, with the heaviest of costumes weighing up to 50 kilos.When the person wearing the costume is standing up straight, the “bear” looks up. During the dance, the wearer must bend forward and shake his or her

83、 body to the left and to the right while taking small steps either to the front or to the side.Taking place every winter in villages and cities in Romanias eastern region of Moldova, the Bear Dance symbolizes the death and rebirth of time. The Bear Dance sees men of all ages, and increasingly more w

84、omen, who are dressed in real bear skins and dance to the rhythm of pan flutes and drums to drive off evil spirits and ring in the new year. Performed between Christmas and New Years Eve, this ancient ritual brings together the whole community, who gather to watch the performance.By tradition, the p

85、rocession of the Bear Dance, which includes 6 to 24 “bears”, would visit every family of the village, accompanied by up to three singing bear tamers, several characters wearing womens clothes and drummers. While this tradition is still observed in many villages, in cities and towns it usually takes

86、the form of a parade that takes place at the end of a major performance in the center.9What do we know about the Bear Dance?AIt is performed by “bears”only.BIt is a tradition with a long history.CIt is better celebrated in cities.DIt is used for sports by the locals in Romania.10How does the Bear Da

87、nce begin?AA group of people blow whistles.BThe head bear tamer dances to a rhythm.CSome performers blow the pan flutes.DSeveral characters beat drums.11Why do the locals hold the Bear Dance every year?ATo call on people to protect wild animals.BTo celebrate a good harvest in the past year.CTo welco

88、me the arrival of the new year.DTo provide themselves with a way to have fun.12Which section of a magazine is the text probably taken from?ANature.BTravel.CHistory.DCulture.Book 3 Unit 1 Festivals and CelebrationPeriod 1 Reading and Thinking01预习导学.单词认读关(先填后记诵)一、基础词汇记其形 1.march vi. & n”. 行进；前进；示威游行2.

89、congratulate vt向（某人）道贺；（因某事）为自己感到自豪3.range n.一系列；范围 界限 vi.包括；（在一定范围内）变化4.origin n.起源；起因；出身5.religion n.宗教；宗教信仰6.figure n.人物；数字；身材 vt.认为；认定7.charm n.魅力；迷人的待征；咒语8.joyful adj.高兴的；快乐的9.gratitude n.惑激之情；感谢10.harvest n.收获季节；vi. & vt.收割（庄稼）；捕猎动物、鱼 ）11.decorate vt.装饰；装潢12.significant adj.有重大意义的；显著的13.fade v

90、t.&vi.逐渐消失；（使 ）褪色；（身体）变得虚弱14.typical adj.典型的；有代表性的；平常的15.firecracker n.鞭炮；爆竹16.evil adj.邪恶的； n.邪恶：罪恶；罪行mercialadj.商业（化 ）的：以获利为目的的18.medium n. pl.media）媒介; 手段；方法 19.agricultural adj.农 业(劳动/生产)20.crop n.庄嫁;作物; 一季的收成21.gather vi.聚集; 集合vt.聚集;搜集;收割22.grateful adj.感激的:表示惑谢的23.feature .为特色n.特色;特征;特点24.refl

91、ect vt.显示；反映；反射25.belief n.倍仰；信心；信任26.faith n.宗教信仰；信任；相信27.occasion n特别的事情（或仪武、庆典）；（适当的）机会二、核心词汇记中变1.origin original2.joy joyful joyfully joyfulness3.agriculture agricultural4.grateful gratefully gratitude thankful5.decorate v.装饰，装修decoration n.装饰decorations n.装饰品decorator n.室内装潢师；merce commercial c

92、ommercialise commercialization 8. occasion n.特别的事情，（适当的）机会occasional adj.临时的，偶尔的occasionally adv.偶尔，有时候；9. medium n.媒介，手段，方法；adj.中等的，中号的media n.媒介，手段（复数）；10. faith n.宗教信仰，信任，相信faithful adj.忠诚的，如实的faithless adj.不忠诚的，无信仰的；10.faith faithful11.congratulate v.祝贺，为感到高兴congratulation n. (常用复数形式)祝贺，恭喜；12.re

93、ligion n.宗教，宗教信仰religious adj.宗教的；13.charm n.魅力，迷人的特征charming adj.迷人的，有魅力的；14.significant adj.有重大意义的，显著的significance n.意义，意思，重要性；15.reflect v.显示，反映，反射，思考reflection n.显示，反射，思考；16.belief n.信仰，信任believe vt.相信，认为；三、阅读词汇识其义1.lanternn.灯笼；提灯2.carnivaln.狂欢节;嘉年华mercialisation （NAmE.also -ization） n.商业化4.turk

94、ey n.火鸡；火鸡肉.语块记诵关(先填后记诵).佳句赏析关(先赏后译)4. They are occasions that allow us to relax and enjoy life, and forget about our work for a little while.节日是让我们放松心情、享受生活、暂时忘却工作的时刻。 赏析 that 引导_从句，修饰occasions。翻译 庆祝活动主要是游行和丰盛的筵席，载歌载舞，并伴有体育活动。5. (教材P5)Festivals are becoming more and more commercial，with businesses

95、taking advantage of the celebrations.赏析 句中with businesses taking advantage of the celebrations为with的复合结构作状语。翻译 随着商业对各种庆祝活动的利用，节日也变得越来越商业化了。6. (教材P5)Online shopping websites and social media apps have made it much easier for the public to spend more on gifts for their loved ones.赏析 句中made it much eas

96、ier for the public to spend.，it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式to spend.。翻译 网上购物的网址和社会媒体软件的应用让公众花更多的钱为所爱的人买礼物变得更容易了。02语篇理解Step 1PrereadingWarming up：.What festivals do you know?in Chinain European countriesSpring FestivalLantern FestivalTomb Sweeping DayDragon Boat FestivalMid-autumn DayChinese Valentines DayChri

97、stmas EasterHalloweenThanksgiving DayMothers/ Fathers Day.Make a mind map of things that you often do during the Spring Festival.wear new clotheswear new clothespaste coupletsvisit friends and relativessee the lion and the dragon dancesing and dancemake dumplings, eat delicious foodwatch the CCTV Ga

98、lawatch/set off /light fireworks/firecrackerplay lanternsreceive lucky money. Why do we celebrate these festivals?Family reunionHave funrelax and enjoy lifeCelebrate harvestTraditions customsImportant people/eventsShare joy,gratitude, loveStep 2WhilereadingTask 1: Fast reading. Read the text and fin

99、d out the topic sentence of each paragraph.Tip: The topic sentence is often the first sentence, but sometimes it is found elsewhere. Identifying the main ideas of paragraphs is necessary when analysing a text. Most paragraphs will have a “topic sentence” that tells you the paragraphs main idea. It i

100、s often the first sentence, but sometimes it is found elsewhere in the paragraph.1.Festivals are celebrated all around the world2.Of all the traditional festivals, the harvest festival can be found in almost every culture.3. Customs play a significant role in festivals, but sometimes they can change

101、 over time.4. Festivals are becoming more and more commercial with businesses taking advantage of the celebrations.5. Festivals are an important part of society.Task 2: Intensive reading . Multiple choice ( D ) 1.Which of the following is the common spirit of all festivals? A. Enjoying life B. Showi

102、ng respect C. Honoring ancestors D. Sharing happiness( A ) 2.When did a harvest Festival take place in ancient Egypt? B. In spring. B. In summer. C. In autumn. D. In winter.( B) 3. What changes can we experience during the Spring Festival? A. No one believes they exist, evil spirits.B. People pay mo

103、re attention to their environment.C. Many celebration activities are held abroad.D. People have ignored the traditional customs.( B ) 4.What is the authors attitude towards the commercialized festivals? A. Supportive. B. Neutral. C. Opposed. D. Unconcerned. ( D ) 5.What will you find if you study fe

104、stivals carefully?A. Festivals are an important part of society.B. Festivals are becoming more and more commercial.C. Customs play a significant role in festivals.D. Different cultures have much in common. Answer the questions.1.Read the first paragraph and answer the questions.6. What do most festi

105、vals seem to have in common? Festivals often revolve around building family and community ties . The spirit of sharing joy, gratitude, love, or peace is common in all festivals.7. Why do you think people around the world find these things important? They reflect peoples wishes , beliefs, faiths and

106、attitudes towards life.To allow us to relax and enjoy life;To help us understand where we camefrom, who we are, and what to appreciate.2. Read the second paragraph and describe the harvest festivals around the worldWhen:_Why:_How:_When: After all the crops had been gathered in.Why:To show that they

107、are grateful for the years supply of food.How: In ancient Egypt :It featured a parade and a great feast with music ,dancing and sports.In some European countries : People decorate churches and town halls with flowers and fruit and get together to celebrate over a meal.During the Mid-Autumn Festival

108、in China : Families gather to admire the shining moon and enjoy delicious moon cakes. 8. Read the Paragraph 3, then complete the chart.beforeafterChinese Spring FestivalHalloweenbeforeafterChinese Spring FestivalLighting fireworksforbiddenHalloweenReligious originsFestival for children9. Read the fo

109、urth paragraph and answer the question.What is the writers attitude towards the commercialisation of festivals? Positive or Negative?_The writer doesnt directly say. Overall ,he seems to think that it is a positive thing , as it helps the economy and makes it easier to buy gifts.Step 3Postreading4.

110、When festivals come, some merchants will launch preferential activities, thus so many people go to buy goods that they dont need. How do you view this phenomenon?_We should set up the correct concept of consumption:Just buy what we need;Reasonably purchase what we want;Refuse reckless spending;Resis

111、t extravagance and waste;A hand-made gift with love and care is also great;5. More and more young people are crazy about western festivals. What do you think of the increasing number of Chinese teenagers celebrating Western festivals?_We should not only attach importance to the Chinese festival cult

112、ure, but also to respect the festival cultures of other countries. However, we also need to face up to the severe reality that some teenagers are increasingly valuing foreign festivals and neglecting traditional Chinese festivals. Personally, only when we understand why we celebrate Chinese traditio

113、nal festivals, can we pay more attention to our culture, so as to be better narrators and communicators of Chinese stories in cross-cultural communication.03语言学习Part 1核心词汇1. receive congratulations from . (P2) 收到来自的祝贺congratulation /knrtulen/ n. 祝贺；恭喜【常用搭配】receive congratulations from. 收到来自的祝贺a lett

114、er of congratulation 贺信Congratulations! 恭喜恭喜!(常用作祝贺语)Congratulations (to sb.)on sth.! 祝贺(某人)某事!congratulate sb. on sth 因某事向某人道贺 congratulate oneself on (doing) sth. 因某事为自己感到高兴/自豪 【即学即练】1.Congratulations _your perfect performance!2.Friends send their_(congratulation) to Tom because he has been admitt

115、ed into Peking Universality.3.I congratulate myself _getting first place in the writing contest.4.我想对你的成功表示诚挚的祝贺。I want to_ your success.5.我们向获胜者祝贺。We_to the winners.6.祝贺你在学习汉语方面取得大的进步。_in learning Chinese.答案：1.on 2.congratulations 3.on 4.express my sincere congratulations on 5.offered our congratul

116、ations 6.Congratulations on your making great progress2.range n种类；范围；幅度；界限v.(在一定范围内)变动；变化；排列【常用搭配】a full/wide range of 各种各样的；范围广泛的；一套；一系列in/within range (of.) 在()可及的范围内beyond/out of range (of.) 超出(的)范围range from A to B 在A到B范围内变动range between A and B 在A和B范围之间变动a wide/full range of 各种各样的；广泛的【即学即练】1. S

117、he has had a number of different jobs, _(range) from chef to swimming instructor. 2.The price of the car ranges _ 20,000 dollars _ 30,000 dollars, which is out _ his range. 3. It came _the range of my vision.4.She has_ (广泛的) interests.5.Hiring and firing are both_(在-范围内)his responsibilities.6.She ha

118、s had a number of different jobs，_(从清洁工到公交司机).答案： 1.ranging 2.from, to, of 3.within 4.a wide range of 5.within the range of 6.ranging from cleaner to bus driver6. origin n. 起源；起因；出身 have ones origin（s）in 起源于 in origin 本质上，从起源上看 by origin 依原始位置；由于的起源original adj. 最初的；独创的originally adv. 最初地；起源地 Im loo

119、king for some original music a little more out of the ordinary. 我正在寻找一些稍微不同寻常的原创音乐。【即学即练】1.Hes writing a dictionary that explains the _ (origin) of words.2.Our _ (origin) plan was to go camping, but it was pouring with rain.3._ (origin), we had planned a tour of Chengdu but we didnt go in the end.答案

120、：1.origin 2.original 3.originally4. figure n. 人物; 数字; 身材 vt. 认为; 认定【常用搭配】figure out理解; 弄明白; 计算出keep ones figure保持身材have a good figure 身材好a political figure 一位政治人物【即学即练】1.What you really need to do is to figure _ the reason why you fail in the exam. 2.只有通过均衡饮食，规律锻炼，你才能既保持体形又健康。Only by means of balanc

121、ed diets and regular exercise _ as well as stay healthy. 答案：1.out 2.can you keep your figure10. grateful adj感激的；表示谢意的【常用搭配】be grateful to sb for sth 因某事而感激某人be grateful to do sth 因做某事而感激I would be grateful if you could do. 如果你能，我将感激不尽。 be grateful that. 感激gratefully adv感谢地gratitude n.感激之情;感激【即学即练】1.

122、I am grateful to you _ decorating our classroom for the graduation ceremony. 2.I am writing to convey my heartfelt _(grateful) for what you have done for me. 3.如果您能接受我们的邀请，并在节目中给我们宝贵的建议，我们将不胜感激。_ you could accept our invitation and give us invaluable advice in the show. _ you could accept our invita

123、tion and give us invaluable advice in the show. 答案：1.for 2.gratitude 3.We will be grateful if We d appreciate it if6. feature v. 以为特色 n. 特色；特征；特点【常用搭配】main/important/significant/distinguishing feature主要的/重要的/显著的/明显的特点【即学即练】1.One of the _ (明显的特征) of this exhibition is the application of artificial in

124、telligence, which has attracted many visitors.2.This exhibition _ (以为特征) the application of artificial intelligence, which has attracted many visitors.答案：1.distinguishing features 2.features7. decorate v.装饰;装潢【常用搭配】decorate.with 以装饰decorate sb for 因为而授某人勋章decorate A with B 用B装饰Abe decorated with (被)

125、装饰着decoration n.装饰; 装饰风格; 装饰品decorative adj. (物体或建筑)装饰性的;作装饰用的【即学即练】1.You need to decorate your mind _ virtue.2.With its simple_(decorate)，the main bedroom becomes a peaceful place. 3._(decorate) with many bells, the Christmas tree looked nice. 4.他们用花和气球装饰了房间。They_flowers and balloons5.客厅需要粉刷。Thesit

126、tingroom_.答案：1.with 2.decoration 3.Decorated 4.decorated the room with 5.needsdecorating8.【词汇拓展】_n.C特别的事情;C某次，的时候_adj偶尔的,临时的_adv.偶尔,有时候答案：occasion，occasional，occasionally 【知识拓展】(1) 当occasion 表示“机会，时间”，作先行词，且关系词在定语从句中作状语时，关系词用when；(2) 当occasion 表示“场合”， 作先行词，且关系词在定语从句中作状语时，关系词用where。(3)如果occasion在定语从句

127、中做主语和宾语，则用关系代词that/ which. 【常用搭配】on occasion(s)(=sometimes)有时;偶尔 on one occasion(=once) 有一次 on this/that occasion 这/那一次 on the occasion of. 在的时候 【即学即练】1.Ive had _ mild headaches all my life. 2.He still misbehaves _ _. 3.Icanrememberveryfewoccasions_hehadtocancelbecauseofillhealth. 4.Tellmeofanoccasi

128、on_youhadtodemonstratebusinessleadership.5._( occasion) I would read a novel that was assigned, but I didnt enjoy this type of reading.答案：1.occasional 2. on occasions 3.when 4.where 5.Occasionally 9.【词汇拓展】_ v. 象征;代表;相当于_ n. 代表;代表团;代理_ adj.代表性的 n.代表;代理人答案：represent, representation, representative【常用搭

129、配】represent sb.as/to be.宣称某人是represent sth. to sb. 向某人说明(传达)某事represent sb./on behalf of sb.代表某人【即学即练】1.He is a_(represent) of students. 2.She represents her mother _ the kindest mother in the world. 3._ (represent) our school, Im delighted to invite you to attend a Chinese classical music concert.

130、4._(代表我们学校)，Im glad to tell you something about the coming volleyball game. 答案：1.representative 2.as 3.Representing 4.Representing our school10.make-up (n.)化妆品；性格；构成方式【词汇拓展】make up 构成，形成；编造（故事、谎言等）；补上（失去的东西），作出补偿2. after all 毕竟；别忘了It took her a long time to do her hair and make-up, and to get dresse

131、d.她花了很长时间做头发、化妆和穿衣。put on your make-up/wear make-up 上妆/化妆 make up/make oneself/sb up 化妆；上妆a persons genetic make-up 一个人的遗传性格 the make-up of a TV audience 电视观众的构成a heavily made-up face 浓妆的脸 a made-up story虚构的故事 (made-up adj. 化妆的；编造的)I think the Rio Carnival would be the most exciting. After all, as y

132、ou know, I love to dance. 我认为里约热内卢狂欢节是最激动人心的。毕竟，你知道，我热爱跳舞。 (毕竟；终归)Prisoners should be treated with respect- they are human beings after all.罪犯们应受到尊重-别忘了他们是人。(（解释或说明理由）别忘了，到底)11. Customs play a significant role in festivals, but sometimes they can change over time. (P4)风俗在节日中扮演重要角色，但有时也随时间而变化。signifi

133、cant /snfknt/ adj. 有重大意义的；显著的【常用搭配】significance n. U, C 重要性，意义significantly adv. 显著地，明显地be of great / much significance 重要的，有重大意义的be of no / little significance 无关紧要的have great / no significance (for .) （对）很重要/不重要attach (great) significance to .（非常）重视The proposals they put forward at the meeting wer

134、e of little significance.他们在会上提出的建议无关紧要。The new drug has great significance for the treatment of the disease.这种新药对于这种疾病的治疗有重大意义。The Chinese government attaches great significance to the issue of climate change.中国政府非常重视气候变化问题。12. Festivals are becoming more and more commercial, with businesses taking

135、 advantage of the celebrations. (P5)节日正变得越来越商业化，商家会利用这些庆祝活动（进行促销）。【知识拓展】take advantage of 利用；欺骗；占的便宜disadvantage n. U，C 不利因素，障碍，不便之处have the advantage of . 具有的有利条件 take full advantage of 充分利用【例句】Im going to take advantage of this tour to explore the history of the castle.我将利用这次旅行来探索这个城堡的历史。David too

136、k advantage of my trust, taking more than I had intended to give.大卫利用了我的信任，拿走的比我想要给的还多。13. It was great fun walking along the streets, enjoying the relaxing atmosphere! (P6) 走在街上，享受轻松的氛围，真是太有趣了！atmosphere /tmsf(r)/ n. 气氛；氛围；（地球的）大气（层）【例句】Pale wooden floors and plenty of natural light add to the rela

137、xed atmosphere.淡色木地板和充足的自然光增添了轻松的氛围。【知识拓展】当atmosphere表示抽象地点并作先行词时，后接定语从句，且关系词在从句中作地点状语时，定语从句要用where来引导。类似的词还有stage，situation，point等。The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere where his employees enjoy their work. 这家公司的老板尽力创造一种轻松的氛围，在这种氛围中他的员工能享受他们的工作。14. But, to be frank, the fir

138、eworks going off throughout the night were really annoying. (P7)但是，说实话，整晚燃放的烟花声真的令人烦躁。go off 爆炸；走火；离开【例句】This robot is designed to take apart bombs that may go off.设计这种机器人就是用来拆除那些可能爆炸的炸弹的。My parents both retired and went off to lead an easy life in the countryside.我父母都退休了，去乡下过着安逸的生活。【知识拓展】（1）go off

139、（铃、警报等）响起；（电灯）熄灭；（电）中断；停止运行；（食物、饮料）变质【即学即练】给出句子中go off 的意义。（2） I overslept this morning because my clock didnt go off. _今天早晨闹钟没有响，所以我睡过头了。（2）While I was cooking supper, the electricity suddenly went off. _我正在做晚饭，突然间停电了。（3）Youd better put the fish in the fridge, or it soon goes off in this hot weathe

140、r. _你最好把鱼放在冰箱里，否则天气这么热，它很快就会变质。15. in spite of 不管；尽管 in spite of 为短语介词，后跟名词、代词或动名词等，不能跟that 从句。In spite of all his efforts he failed.尽管他很努力还是失败了。【难点解析】in spite of，regardless of，despite 是（短语）介词，后跟名词、代词或动名词，不能引导从句。引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管”的连词有although，though，as（引导倒装句）。We went out in spite of the heavy rain.We w

141、ent out in spite of/despite the fact that it was raining heavily.Although/Though it was raining heavily，we went out.尽管下着大雨，我们还是出去了。【即学即练】同义句转换In spite of the heavy rain，we went shopping yesterday. _, we went shoppingyesterday.（介词短语） _, we went shopping yesterday.（状语从句）Regardless of/Despite the heavy

142、 rain Though/Although it rained heavily 16. take advantage of 利用；欺骗；占的便宜 have an advantage over 比有优势I would like to take advantage of this chance to express my thanks for your help. 我想借这个机会，对你们的帮助表示感谢。A man who can speak English fluently has an advantage over others. 英语说得流利的人比其他人有优势。【拓展延伸】make use o

143、f 利用；使用make good/full/little use of 好好/充分/不充分利用make the best of 充分利用make the most of 充分利用【即学即练】We should take advantage every chance to practise our spoken English. The members of our team are more experienced and we have an advantage their team. of over 17.reflect v. 显示；反映；反射；认真思考；沉思 reflect on/upo

144、n 思考；反思reflect back 反射；把如实地反映出 reflect from 从反射出reflect in 在中反射出来；在中反映出来reflect deeply/seriously 深思/ 认真思考In class, you will mainly learn Tang poetry, which reflects traditional Chinese culture.在课堂上，你将主要学习唐诗，它反映了中国传统文化。Im sitting in the small yard, reflecting on the plan.我坐在小院子里，思考着这个计划。【拓展延伸】reflect

145、ion n. 映像；反射；反映；沉思【即学即练】We should reflect the likely reactions of the market before we act. Usually a childs behaviour is a （reflect）of his family environment. on reflection 19. belief n. 信仰；信心；信任 Ones belief is that. 某人相信/ 认为 It is ones belief that. 某人相信/认为 in the belief that. 相信 have belief in 相信，

146、信任 beyond belief 令人难以置信contrary to popular belief 与普遍的看法相反Im always in the belief that he will succeed.我始终相信他会成功。It was beyond belief that the little boy could work out such a problem.这个小男孩能够算出那样一道题令人难以置信。【词汇辨析】 同根词搭配的介词大多数情况下相同。believe in sb. = have belief in sb. 信任某人be different from = differ from

147、 与不同【即学即练】The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total . （believe）that you are better than anyone else on the sports field. It is my belief we can rely on ourselves to solve the problem. belief thatPart 2核心句型1.However,no matter how different they may seem,all over the world,the spir

148、it of sharing joy,gratitude,love,or peace is common in all festivals.【句式剖析】句中的no matter how different they may seem是no matter how.的让步状语从句。no matter 引导让步状语从句常和who,when,where,how,what连用。No matter what you may say,he will not believe you.不管你说什么,他都不会相信你。You must continue to carry out the plan no matter

149、how much you may disagree with them.无论你和他们之间有多大的分歧,你都得继续执行这个计划。No matter where his business took him,he always managed to go home for the festival.不管因生意关系去了什么地方,他总要赶回家过节。【句式拓展】no matter when/where/how引导让步状语从句时,相当于whenever,wherever,however,意为“无论何时/何地/如何”。However far away we are,we feel close to each

150、other.No matter how far away we are,we feel close to each other.无论距离有多远,我们都会感觉彼此很亲近。【温馨提示】whatever,whoever,whichever,whomever既可引导名词性从句,也可引导让步状语从句,在引导让步状语从句时,相当于no matter what/who/which/whom。It is not right to give a child whatever he wants.孩子要什么就给他什么是错误的。【即学即练】3. 完成句子(1)无论你在什么地方,我都能用我的心灵触摸到你_ _ _ _

151、_I can feel you with my heart.(2)不管任务如何艰巨,我们必须按时完成。_ _ _ _ _the task may be,we must complete it on time4. 句式转换(4) I ensure Ill help you whenever you have difficulties.I ensure Ill help you_ _ _ you have difficulties.答案(1)No matter where you are(2) No matter how difficult (3)no matter when1.Festivals

152、 are becoming more and more commercial, with businesses taking advantage of the celebrations.节日正变得越来越商业化，商家会利用这些庆祝活动（进行促销）。【句型】 “with businesses taking advantage of the celebrations” 这是with 的复合结构。With the increasing of populations,the demand for water grows accordingly.随着人口的增长,用水量也相应增加。He died with

153、his daughter yet a schoolgirl.他去世时，女儿还是个小学生。He often sleeps with the windows open.他常开着窗睡觉。He stood before his teacher with his head down.他低着头站在老师面前。She said good-bye with tears in her eyes. 她含着眼泪说了声再见。He sat there with his eyes closed.他闭目坐在那儿。He fell asleep with the lamp burning.他没熄灯就睡着了。I cant go o

154、ut with all these clothes to wash要洗这些衣服，我无法出去了。总结“with businesses taking advantage of the celebrations” 这是with 的复合结构，其构成是“_”， 在句中表状态或说明背景情况，常做伴随，方式，原因，条件等状语。其中可以做宾语补足语的有_、_ 、_、 _、 _ 、_。【即学即练】(1)随着科学的发展，人类的生活发生了巨大的变化_ _ _ _science,human life has changed tremendously(2)随着她的长大,她开始意识到她要做什么。_ _ _ _, she

155、began to know what she was going to be.(3)I wont be able to go on holiday_.因为妈妈有病，我无法去度假。(4)_, we are sure to finish it in time.有这么多人来帮我们，我们一定会及时完成任务的。答案(1)With the development of ; (2)As she grew up; (3)with my mother being ill;(4) With so many people to help us3.Online shopping websites and social

156、 media apps have made it much easier for the public to spend more on gifts for their loved ones. 购物网站和社交软件使公众更容易花更多的钱为他们爱的人买礼物。【句式剖析】句中的made it much easier for the public to spend more.是“make+宾语+宾语补足语”结构,其中it是形式宾语,for the public to spend more on gifts for their loved ones是不定式的复合结构作真正的宾语,much easier是

157、宾语补足语。The Internet has made it quicker to look for all kinds of information. 因特网使得查找各类信息更加快捷。【句式拓展】在该结构中, it除了代替动词不定式外, 还可以代替that引导的宾语从句,宾语补足语除了形容词外, 还可以是名词。The glass windows make it possible that the sunlight can easily be felt.玻璃窗使人们能够很容易地感受到阳光。We make it a rule that everyone should change shoes b

158、efore entering the room.我们规定,在进入房间之前,每个人都应该更换鞋子。【即学即练】 完成句子。(1)This makes _ necessary for the farmers to grow corn in dry areas.(2)The teacher makes it clear_ everyone should hand in his homework on time.(3)The deep snow and bitter frost made it impossible for his horse_(carry) him any farther.答案(1)

159、it (2)that(3)to carry04随堂小练Part 1动词的形式变化和词形转换1I sincerely express my (congratulate) on your graduating from Tsinghua University. 【答案】congratulations【详解】考查名词。句意：我真诚地祝贺你从清华大学毕业。分析句子结构可知，空前是形容词性物主代词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，congratulate的名词形式是congratulation意为“祝贺”，为可数名词，常用复数形式。故填congratulations。2After washing, we wan

160、dered around outside the tents drying in the sun and getting (dress). 【答案】dressed【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：洗完衣服后，我们在帐篷外面闲逛，在太阳下晒衣服，穿衣服。dress作动词，表示“穿衣；给穿衣服”；get dressed表示“穿衣服”。故填dressed。3Parents should involve their children in family decisions, such as home (decorate) and holiday arrangements. 【答案】decoration【详

161、解】考查名词。句意：父母应该让孩子参与家庭决策，比如家庭装修和假期安排。由“and holiday arrangements”可知，空格处用名词作宾语，句子表示“父母应该让孩子参与家庭决策，比如家庭装修和假期安排”，空格处意为“装修”，是decoration，是不可数名词，故填decoration。4Nowadays, science and technology play an important role in the improvement of (agriculture) production. 【答案】agricultural【详解】考查形容词。句意：如今，科学技术在提高农业生产方面

162、发挥着重要作用。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词production，agriculture的形容词是agricultural，意为“农业的”。故填agricultural。5How (joy) and relaxing it is to take a bath after a busy day! 【答案】joyful【详解】考查形容词。句意：忙碌了一天后洗个澡是多么愉快和放松啊！句子是how引导的感叹句，结构为“How+形容词+主语+谓语！”，因此空格处是形容词，joy的形容词是joyful，意为“令人愉快的”，作表语，故填joyful。6Even in the (commerce) hear

163、t of its largest city, religion remains central to life in Myanmar. 【答案】commercial【详解】考查形容词。句意：即使在缅甸最大城市的商业中心，宗教仍然是缅甸人生活的中心。此处修饰名词heart应用形容词commercial表示“商业的”作定语。故填commercial。7The walls, painted brilliant white, (reflect) the afternoon sun. 【答案】reflected【详解】考查动词时态。句意：墙被漆成明亮的白色，反射着午后的阳光。分析句子可知，空处作句子的谓

164、语，此处应该是在叙述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，需用reflect的过去式。故填reflected。8All the examples tell us that English (invent) by people and it (reflect) the creativity of the human race. 【答案】 was invented reflects【详解】考查一般过去时被动和一般现在时。句意：所有的例子都告诉我们，英语是人类发明的，而这反映了人类的创造力。分析可知，空1为从句“that English _(invent) by people”的谓语动词，结合句意和语

165、境可知，这里应是一般过去时，且主语“English”与动词“invent”之间为被动关系，用一般过去时被动：was done，因此空1填“was invented”。空2为“it _ (reflect) the creativity of the human race”的谓语动词，与前一句“All the examples tell us”为并列关系，讲述的是客观事实，因此用一般现在时，主语“it”为第三人称单数，动词用单数形式“reflects”。故答案为：was invented；reflects。9In the journey of self-discovery, nothing is

166、(significant) than finding inner peace and contentment. 【答案】more significant【详解】考查形容词。句意：在自我发现的旅程中，没有什么比找到内心的平静和满足更重要的了。分析句子，设空处使用形容词作表语，句中than为比较级表示，significant意为“重要的”，其比较级为more significant。故填more significant。10Tears of (grateful) rolling down her face, she embraced her mentor who saved her from th

167、e depths of despair. 【答案】gratitude【详解】考查名词。句意：感激的泪水从她的脸上滚下来，她拥抱了她的导师，是这个导师把她从绝望中救了出来。设空处接在介词of之后，应用名词作宾语，根据提示词可知是gratitude，不可数名词，故填gratitude。11Todays festivals have many origins, some (religion), some seasonal, some in memory of ancestors, and some for special people or events. 【答案】religious【详解】考查形容

168、词。句意：今天的节日有许多起源，一些是宗教的，一些是季节性的，一些是为了纪念祖先，还有一些是为了特殊的人或事件。分析句子结构可知，空处和后文的some seasonal并列，所以空处应填形容词，religion的形容词形式是religious。故填religious。13 We hold a strong (believe) that we will be admitted to universities next year. 【答案】belief【详解】考查名词。句意：我们坚信明年我们会被大学录取。结合不定冠词a，用单数名词belief作宾语。故填belief。13Im joyous to

169、know you have in me. (faithfully) 【答案】faith 【详解】考查名词。句意：知道你对我有信心，我很高兴。表示“对有信心、信任”短语为have faith in，故填faith。14After retirement, he lives in Beijing, with (occasion) travel abroad. 【答案】occasional【详解】考查形容词。句意：退休后,他住在北京，偶尔出国旅游。设空处修饰名词travel,，应用形容词occasional，意为“偶尔的，不经常的”，作定语。故填occasional。15They organized

170、many (march) to help black people win the equal right. 【答案】marches【详解】考查名词。句意：他们组织了很多游行帮助黑人赢得平等权利。分析句子可知，设空处应填名词作宾语，空前有many修饰，故应使用复数形式。故填marches。Part 2课文语法填空Todays festivals have a wide range of _1_, including the seasons of the year, famous _2_, important events and religions. The _3_ festival is o

171、ne of the most popular festivals and is celebrated in many _4_. Customs play a _5_ role in festivals, but they can change over time. For example, some Chinese cities no longer allow firecrackers during the Spring Festival, as they can increase air pollution. These days, festivals are becoming more _

172、6_, with people spending more money on gifts. Festivals _7_ peoples wishes, beliefs, faiths and attitudes _8_ life. They are _9_ to spend time with family and to _10_ and enjoy life.1. origins 2.figures 3.harvest 4. cultures 5.significant 6. commercial 7. reflect 8. to/towards 9.occasions 10. relax0

173、5培优提升A1D 2C 3A 4D【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了爱丁堡艺术节的由来以及发展速度。1推理判断题。根据第一段“In 1947 a group of famous people from the art world decided to hold an international festival of music, dance and theatre in Edinburgh. The idea was to reunite Europe after World War .”（1947年，一群艺术界的名人决定在爱丁堡举办一个国际音乐、舞蹈和戏剧节。这个想法是为了在二战后重新团结

174、欧洲。）可推知，一些名人在1947年举办一个国际节日是为了让欧洲再次团结起来。故选D项。2推理判断题。根据第三段中“Eight theatre groups turned up uninvited in 1947, believing that everyone should have the right to perform, and they did so in a public house that had been disused for years.”（1947年，八个剧团不请自来，他们认为每个人都应该有表演的权利，他们在一个已经废弃多年的酒吧里表演。）可推知，一些不请自来的剧团会来

175、到爱丁堡是因为他们想参加这个节日。故选C项。3词义猜测题。根据第五段中“has far outgrown the festival with around 1,500 performances of music, dance and theatre on every one of the 21 days it lasts. And yet as early as 1959, with only 19 theatre groups performing, some said it was getting too big.”（在为期21天的音乐节中，每一天都有大约1500场音乐、舞蹈和戏剧表演，远

176、远超过了音乐节。然而，早在1959年，只有19个剧团在表演，一些人说它太大了。）由此可知，此处为如今，一度不受欢迎的艺穗节已经远远超过了艺术节。故可猜测，划线单词embraced为“受欢迎，欣然接受”的意思，结合选项A项accepted“接受”意思一致。故选A项。4推理判断题。根据最后一段“A paid administrator (管理人员) was first employed only in 1971, and today there are eight administrators working all year round and the number rises to 150 d

177、uring August itself. In 2004 there were 200 places housing 1,695 shows by over 600 different groups from 50 different countries. More than 1.25 million tickets were sold.”（付费管理员在1971年才第一次被雇用，而今天有8名管理员全年工作，8月份这个数字就上升到150人。2004年，来自50个不同国家的600多个不同团体在200个地方举办了1695场演出。超过125万张门票售出。）可推知，最后一段提到了这些数字是为了表明节日发

178、展迅速。故选D项。B【答案】5D 6C 7B 8B【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英国的苹果节活动。5 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Visiting an apple event is a good chance to see, and often taste, a wide variety of apples.(参加苹果节活动是一个可以看到并品尝到各种各样苹果的机会)”可知，参加苹果节活动的人们可以品尝各种苹果。故选D。6推理判断题。根据第二段第二句“To people who are used to the limited choice of apples such as Golden

179、 Delicious and Royal Gala in supermarkets, it can be quite an eye opener to see the range of classical apples still in existence, such as Decio which was grown by the Romans.(对于那些习惯于在超市里选择有限种类苹果的人来说，比如Golden Delicious和Royal Gala，看到仍然存在的一系列经典的苹果，比如罗马人种植的Decio，这会让他们大开眼界)”可知，Decio这一苹果品种会使人大开眼界，可推断出这种苹果

180、现在是非常少见的。故选C。7词句猜测题。根据第三段第二句“One of the very best varieties for eating quality is Orleans Reinette, but youll need a warm, sheltered place with perfect soil to grow it,(Orleans Reinette是食用品质最好的品种之一，但你需要一个温暖的、有优质土壤的、受保护的地方来种植它)”可知，Orleans Reinette的种植条件非常苛刻，所以喜爱它的人想经常吃到是不太可能的，由此可推知划线词“a pipe dream”与“A

181、n impossibl hope(一个不可能的希望)”表达的意义相同，a pipe dream“白日梦”。故选B。8 推理判断题。根据文章第一句“If you are a fruit grower or would like to become one take advantage of Apple Day to see whats around.(如果你是一个水果种植者或者想成为一个水果种植者利用苹果日来看看周围发生了什么)”及后文对这一节日的介绍可知，作者是想向读者介绍了一个关于苹果的节日。故选B。C【答案】9B 10A 11C 12D【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了罗马尼亚最鼓舞人

182、心的传统之一“熊舞”的相关情况。9细节理解题。由文章最后一段中“By tradition, the procession of the Bear Dance, which includes 6 to 24 “bears”, would visit every family of the village, accompanied by up to three singing bear tamers, several characters wearing womens clothes and drummers. (按照传统，“熊舞”队伍会有6到24只“熊”，他们会拜访村里的每家每户，最多有三个会唱

183、歌的驯熊人、几个穿着女装的角色和鼓手陪同。)”可知，它不是只由“熊”表演，故选项A错误。由文章第一段中“This folk tradition dates back to thousands of years ago.(这个民间传统可以追溯到几千年前。)”可知，熊舞是一个有着悠久历史的传统，故选项B正确。选项C和选项D在文章中并未提及，故排除。故选B。10推理判断题。由文章第二段中“Traditionally, the arrival of the “bears” is announced by a small group of “irozi”, who blow whistles (口哨)

184、to a rhythm set by the head bear tamer (训兽师).(传统上，“熊”的到来是由一小群“伊罗兹”宣布的，他们根据驯兽师设定的节奏吹口哨。)”可知，熊舞是以一群人按照驯兽师设定的节奏吹口哨开始。故选A。11细节理解题。由文章第五段中“The Bear Dance sees men of all ages, and increasingly more women, who are dressed in real bear skins and dance to the rhythm of pan flutes and drums to drive off evil

185、 spirits and ring in the new year.(参加“熊舞”的有各个年龄层的男人，也有越来越多的女人，他们穿着真正的熊皮，随着笛子和鼓的节奏跳舞，以驱除邪恶的灵魂，迎接新的一年。)”可知，当地人每年都要举行熊舞，迎接新的一年。故选C。12推理判断题。由文章第一段“Of the many colorful Romanian traditions that are brought to life every year, the Bear Dance is one of the most inspiring.This folk tradition dates back to thousands of years ago.(在每年丰富多彩的罗马尼亚传统中，熊舞是最鼓舞人心的传统之一。这个民间传统可以追溯到几千年前。)”可知，文本可能取自杂志的文化部分。故选D。