Unit 1-2021-2022学年八年级英语下册知识点精讲精练（牛津译林版）.docx

1、译林八年级下Unit 1 知识点精讲精练1. 标题：Past and presentpast (n.) 过去 present (n.) 现在【拓展】past (prep.) 经过；(adj.) 过去的present (n.)礼物；(adj.) 现在的；在场的；(v.) 赠送【例题】We have learnt two thousand words in the _ few years.At _, my family are having dinner in the dinning room.Walk _ the pose office, and you will see the shop on

2、 your left.My aunt often gives me a lot of nice _.答案：past；present；past；presents2. ago提示用一般过去时；before提示用完成时【例句】I ate an apple three hours ago. 三小时前，我吃了一个苹果。I have never been to Japan before. 我之前从未去过日本。【例题】My uncle _(give) up smoking two years ago. _ you _(be) to Hong Kong before?答案：gave；Have, been3.

3、change (v.) 改变；(n.) 变化 (可数)；零钱 (不可数)【例题】There have been many _ in recent years. “Heres your _,” said the salesman. 答案：changes；change4. be kind/ good/ nice/ friendly to sb. 对某人友好【注意介词的使用】5. write a report on 写一份关于的报告6. take turns to do sth. 轮流做某事【拓展】take your time 慢慢来；不着急 take it easy 放轻松；不着急【例句】Take

4、 your time. Im in no hurry. 慢慢来，我不着急。Never mind, and take it easy. 别担心，放轻松。7. know a lot about . = know . well 了解很多关于【例题】Liu Tao knows a lot about Chinese history. (同义句转换)Liu Tao _ _ _ _.答案：knows Chinese history well8. since + 时间点 / 一段时间 + ago【例句】I have lived here since I was five.自从我五岁以来，我就住在这里。I h

5、ave lived here since two years ago.自两年前，我就住在这里。【例题】从去年夏天开始，我就一直在学习游泳。_答案：I have learnt swimming since last summer.9. in the northern part of . = in the north of . 在的北面northern(adj.) 北面的 north(n.) 北方【拓展】southern (adj.)南面的；eastern (adj.)东面的；western (adj.)西面的【例题】我在英国的北部长大。_答案：I grow up in the northern

6、part of the UK.10. married (adj.) 已婚的【词组】get married 结婚be/get married to sb. 和某人结婚【拓展】marry v. 娶；嫁 marry sb. 与某人结婚【例题】他们打算明年夏天结婚。_你们结婚多长时间了？_When did your father _your mother?A. marryB. marry withC. marry toD. get married with答案：They plan to get married next summer.How long have you been married?A11

7、. over (prep.) 在期间；在上方；超过【例题】判断下列句子中，over的含义Theres a bridge over the river.( )There are over three thousand students in this school.( )Over the past ten years, things have changed.( )答案：在上方；超过；在期间12. turn . into . 把变成【拓展】turn on 打开；turn off 关闭；turn up 调高；turn down 调低；turn over 翻转；移交；turn in 上交；turn

8、to sb. for help 向(某人)求助【例题】根据句意，填入合适的单词Please turn _ the TV. The baby is sleeping.You can turn _ your teacher for help when you have questions.Can you turn _ the radio? I cant hear it very clearly.Now, the government has turned the town centre _ a beautiful park.Nobody turned _the lights. The room i

9、s still dark now.答案：off；to；up；into；on13. pollution (n.) 污染(不可数) make pollution 制造污染【拓展】pollute (v.) 污染 polluted(adj.) 受污染的【例题】我们需要采取措施来防止污染。_污染对我们的环境有害。_Because of the water_(pollute), most villagers have to move away.答案：We need to take action to prevent pollution.Pollution is bad for our environmen

10、t.pollution14. realize (v.) 意识到；实现【拓展】realize the importance of . 意识到的重要性【例句】I realize the importance of studying hard. 我意识到了好好学习的重要性。【拓展】realize ones dream实现某人的梦想【例句】I hope he can realize his dream. 我希望他可以实现他的梦想。【例题】你已经意识到学习外语的重要性了吗？_答案：Have you realized the importance of learning foreign language?

11、15. take action to do sth. 采取行动做某事【例句】We must take action to protect the environment.16. much/ a little/ a bit可以用来修饰比较级【例题】I feel much _(good) now.Ill be a bit _(late) home tonight.答案：better；later17. in some ways 在某些方面；在某种程度上【拓展】in a way 在某种程度上 in the way 挡路 lose ones way 迷路 by the way 顺便一提 on the/o

12、nes way to. 在去的路上【例题】在某些方面，城里的生活已经变得不像以前那么好了。_不要站在路中间挡路！_这个小女孩哭得很伤心，因为她迷路了。_答案：In some ways, the life in a city is not as good as before. Dont stand in the way! The little girl cried sadly, because she lost her way.18. move away 移开；搬走【代中名中后】【拓展】put away 收好 right away 立即；马上 pass away 去世【例题】你可以帮我把它移开吗

13、？_答案：Can you help me move it away?19. impossible (adj.) 不可能的 im为否定前缀【拓展】impolite (adj.) 不礼貌的impatient (adj.) 没耐心的【例题】Its_ for us to finish so much work in such a short time.A good teacher will never be _ with her students.Nobody likes the boy, because he is always _ to the elder.答案：impossible；impati

14、ent；impolite20. lonely(adj.) 孤独的；寂寞的(心理上)【辨析】alone (adj./adv) 单独；独自(数量上一个人)【例句】He lives alone, but he never feels lonely.他独自居住，但是从不感到孤独。【例题】我哥哥习惯于独自坐火车旅行。_答案：My elder brother is used to travelling by train alone.21. from time to time 有时 = sometimes = at times【拓展】on time 准时in time 及时22. take place (有

15、计划地)发生；主语为物【辨析】happen (v.)(偶然)发生；主语为人/物Great changes have taken place in our hometown. 在我们家乡发生了巨大的变化。Our hometown has changed a lot. 我们的家乡变化了很多。23. hear about 听说hear from 收到来信；得到消息【例题】自从他去了美国，我就很久没有收到他的消息了。_答案：I havent heard from him since he went to the USA.24. borrow 借入；lend 借出【重点】keep/have . for

16、+ 一段时间，表示“借了多久了”【例句】I have kept/had this bike for a week.【例题】这本书你借了多久了？_不好意思，这本书我已经借给迈克了。_答案：How long have you kept/had this book? Sorry, I have lent this book to Mike.25. return 不及物动词 = go back 返回【例句】She returned home. = She went back home. 她回家了。【拓展】return . to 及物动词 = give . back 归还【例句】He returned

17、the book to me.= He gave the book back to me. 他把书还给我了。【例题】Jack _(return) your books already. He_(return) the bike to you a week ago.答案：has returned； returned26. last (adv.) 最近；(adj.) 刚过去的；最后的(v.) 持续【完型/阅读可能考查词义】27. keep in touch with . 与保持联系【例题】你们是怎么样互相保持联系的?_自从他出了国，我们一直通过邮件保持联系。_答案：How do you keep

18、in touch with each other?We have kept in touch by mail since he went abroad.28. with表示有着，带着 作伴随状语【例题】我拥有一个带着花园的大房子。_你认识这个带着一把蓝色雨伞的男孩吗？_答案：I own a big house with a garden. Do you know the boy with a blue umbrella?29. both sides 两边each side 每一边【例题】在马路的两边都开满了花朵。_我们应该在马路的每一边都种上树。_答案：There are full of fl

19、owers on both sides of the road.We should plant trees on each side of the road.30. moreover = besides 此外，而且 【作进一步说明】31. own (adj.) 自己的 ones own + n. 某人自己的own (v.) 拥有 owner (n.) 主人；所有权人【例题】根据句意，填入合适的单词。I have a balcony of my _.Do you know who the _ is?Id like _ a new car.He is very independent(独立的).

20、He can live on his _.答案：own；owner；to own；own语法【现在完成时】【定义】从过去开始，持续到现在：I have lived here for many years. 我已经住在这很多年了。过去发生的动作对现在有影响：I dont have to write the homework, because I have finished it. 我不用写作业，因为我已经完成了。这个动作多次进行：I have seen this movie many times. 这部电影，我已经看了很多遍了。【时间标志词】already, yet, before, ever, never, for, over the years, just, since, since then, recently 等【过去分词不规则变化】详见书本122-123页