Unit 1单元重点语法Grammar句子成分和句子结构-2022-2023学年必修第一册单元重难点易错题精练（牛津译林版2020）.docx

1、Unit 1 Back to school重点语法句子成分与句子结构1The young man offered the old man his own seat. ()A宾语B定语C宾语补足语D表语2The sentence structure of “He lent me a book.” is _AS+V+OBS+V+IO+DOCS+V+DO+OCDS+V+P3You always have a green light that burns all night at the end of your dock.AobjectBsubjectCadverbialDattribute4 If

2、you feel like you have problems that you cant solve, you will make yourself miserable.AadverbialBattribute.CsubjectDobject complement5If you are avoiding your problems, then you are going to make yourself miserable.AadverbialBobject complementCsubjectDappositive6My mother told us an interesting stor

3、y last night. 划线成分是_A表语B直接宾语C间接宾语D宾补7Lilys mother bought her a pet dog as a birthday present.A主+系+表B主+谓+宾+宾补C主+谓+间宾+直宾D主+谓+直宾+间宾8She never lies.中下划线部分是什么成分？AOBVCADP9Choose the correct structure of this sentence “He lent me a book.”AS+V+OBS+V+IO+DOCS+V+PDS+V+DO+OC10The sentence structure of “He often

4、 makes me happy is_.AS+V+OBS+V+IO+DOCS+V+O+OCDS+V+P11Reading outside school is necessary and important in learning English. The structure of the sentence is _.A主+谓+宾B主+谓+宾+宾补C主+系+表D主+谓+间宾+直宾12“The news makes me feel very happy.” The structure of this sentence is “_”.AS+V+OBS+V+IO+DOCS+V+PDS+V+O+C13I

5、t is a great pleasure to talk with you.(该句所属句子基本类型)A主谓B主谓宾C主系表D主谓双宾14He asked us to join in the game last night. Sentence elements :_ASVPABSVOCCSVOCADSVOOA15Inspired, he asked his fans to make videos, which he then joined together into one performance.主句中的谓语是：AinspiredBaskedCmakeDjoined16Sometimes w

6、orking outdoors, sometimes in an office, I am never bored.句子中的 谓语动词是：AworkingBin an officeCamDbored17Going from junior high school to senior high school is really a big challenge.句子的 主语 是：Ajunior high schoolBsenior high schoolCa big challengeDGoing from junior high school to senior high school18Mum

7、encouraged me to try different kinds of food.分别代表不同的句子成分，请选择分析正确的一项A主语、谓语、宾语、宾语B主语、谓语、宾语、补语C主语、谓语、表语、状语D主语、谓语、宾语、状语19The machine must be out of order.The structure of the sentence is _.A主+谓+宾B主+谓+间宾+直宾C主+系+表D主+谓+宾+宾补20She couldnt make herself heard above the noise of the traffic.The structure of the

8、 sentence is _.A主+谓+宾B主+谓+间宾+直宾C主+系+表D主+谓+宾+宾补21“The news makes me feel very happy.” The structure of this sentence is“_”.AS+V+OBS+V+IO+DOCS+V+PDS+V+DO+OC22There is a girl waiting for you downstairs.A定语B主语C状语D谓语23His job is to teach English. 请指出本句子中划线部分的成分是_?A谓语B表语C宾补D状语24Nowadays more and more stud

9、ents are working directly on the Internet where different types of course are supplied.What is the sentence elements(句子成分)of the underlined words?Aadverbial 状语Bcomplement 补语Cattributive 定语Dappositive 同位语25Any ordinary person would find it hard to imagine what Michelangelo had gone through in those f

10、our years of hard works.What is the sentence elements(句子成分)of the underlined words?Asubjects 主语Bpredicate 谓语Cobject 宾语Dpredicative 表语26We will make him our monitor. (分析句子结构)AS+V+OBS+V+DO+IOCS+V+PDS+V+O+OC27That dream comes true! 以上句子中comes的成分是：A主语B谓语C宾语D状语28选出以下句子的结构类型: He tells them a funny story.A

11、SVOBSVOCCSV IO DODSV29The maths homework looks easy. 以上句子中The maths homework的成分是:A主语B谓语C宾语D状语30This medicine called artemisinin soon became a standard treatment for malaria to save peoples life. 此句中谓语动词为_.AcalledBbecameCtreatmentDsave二指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分：1. The pen writes well.2. He handed me the news

12、paper.3. I shall answer your question after class.4. What a beautiful Chinese painting!5. He asked me to sit down.6. His job is to train swimmers.7. He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing.8. There is going to be an American film tonight.9. Mr. Zhang, our headmaster, is a kind man.10. His wish

13、 is to become a scientist.11. He managed to finish the work in time.12. The girl in a yellow dress came to ask me for advice.13. He found it important to master English.14. Our dream has come true.15. To be honest, your pronunciation is not so good.16. How many people do you say died in the accident

14、?17. He sat there, reading a newspaper.18. It is our duty to keep our classroom clean and tidy.19. He noticed a man enter the room.20. The apples tasted sweet.三：分析下列句子的结构：1.This is an English-Chinese dictionary.2.The dinner smells good.3.He fell in love.4.Who knows the answer?5.She smiled her thanks

15、.6.He has refused to help them.7.She cooked her husband a delicious meal.8.He brought you a dictionary.9.They appointed him the manager.10.They painted the door green.11.This set them thinking.12.I saw them getting on the bus.13.Who cares?14.It doesnt matter.15.Everything looks different.16.He grows

16、 tall and strong.17.They are short of money.18.He enjoys reading.19.He saidGood morning.20.I showed him my pictures.参考答案：1A【解析】考查句子成分。句意：那个年轻人把自己的座位让给了老人。分析句子可知，“The young man”在句中作主语，“offered”作谓语，“the old man”作间接宾语，“his own seat”作直接宾语，故画线部分在句中作宾语。故选A项。2B【解析】考查句子结构。句意：“他借给我一本书”的句子结构是He是主语，lent是谓语，me是

17、间接宾语，a book是直接宾语，因此句子结构是S+V+IO+DO。故选B。3D【解析】考查句子成分。句意：你的码头尽头总有一盏通宵亮着的绿灯。A. object宾语；B. subject主语；C. adverbial状语；D. attribute定语。此处画线部分为定语从句修饰先行词light。故选D。4A【解析】考查句子成分。句意：如果你觉得自己有无法解决的问题，你会让自己痛苦的。A.adverbial 状语；B.attribute定语；C.subject主语；D.object complement宾语补足语。分析句子可知if引导条件状语从句，主语是you，谓语动词是will make，宾

18、语是yourself，miserable是宾语补足语。故选A。5B【解析】考查句子成分。句意：如果你在逃避问题，那么你只会让自己痛苦。A. adverbial状语；B. object complement宾语补足语；C. subject主语；D.appositive同位语。此处为if引导的条件状语从句，主句中主语为you；are going to make作谓语；yourself为宾语，画线部分作宾语补足语。故选B。6B【解析】考查句子成分。句意：我妈妈昨晚给我们讲了一个有趣的故事。tell sb sth意为“告诉某人某事”，为双宾语结构。双宾语分为直接宾语和间接宾语，直接宾语是指动词的承受者

19、，间接宾语是指动词的行为所指向的人。此处an interesting story为动词tell的承受者，所以是直接宾语。故选B。7C【解析】考查句子结构。句意：丽丽的妈妈给她买了一只宠物狗作为生日礼物。主语为Lilysmother,谓语动词为bought，间接宾语为her，直接宾语为a pet dog，故本句结构为：主+谓+间宾+直宾。故选C。8B【解析】考查句子成分。句意：她从不撒谎。此处she为主语；lie作谓语，为不及物动词；never为副词，作状语，表示“从不”修饰动词lie。故选B。9B【解析】考查句子结构。句意：选择这个句子“He lent me a book.”的正确结构。分析句

20、子可知，是主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语，故选B。10C【解析】考查句子结构。句意：“他经常让我开心”的句子结构是“主谓宾宾补”。He是主语，often makes是谓语动词，me是宾语，happy是宾语补足语。故选C。11C【解析】考查句子结构。句意：课外阅读在学习英语中是必要和重要的。此处主语为Reading outside school；is为系动词， necessary and important作表语，句子为主+系+表结构。故选C。12D【解析】考查句子成分。分析句子结构可知，本句主语The news；谓语makes；宾语me；宾补feel very happy（此处使用省略to的动

21、词不定式作宾补），S主语，V谓语，O宾语，P表语,IO间接宾语，DO直接宾语，C补语，故选择D项。13C【解析】考查句子基本类型。句意：很高兴和你谈话。it为形式主语，be动词为is，a great pleasure 为表语，to talk with you是真正的主语。所以本句为主系表结构。故选C项。14C【解析】考查句子结构。句意：他昨晚请我们参加比赛。主语为he，谓语动词为ask，us为宾语，to join in the game为宾补，last night为时间状语。故句子为“主谓宾宾补（SVOCA）”，故选C。15B【解析】考查定语从句。句意：受到启发，他让他的粉丝们制作视频，然后他

22、把这些视频组合成一个表演。A.inspired 启发，过去分词作状语；B.asked 让，要求，主句谓语动词；C.make 做，动词不定式 to make videos作asked的宾语补足语；D.joined 加入，短语join together 组合，作从句谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，这是一个关系代词whih引导的非限制性定语从句，主句是he asked his fans to make videos，主句中的主语是he，谓语动词是asked。故选B项。16C【解析】考查谓语动词。句意：有时候我在户外工作，有时候在办公室里，我从来都不觉得无聊。working为现在分词，作状语，in an

23、office为介词短语作状语，I am never bored为主系表结构，所以谓语动词为am，bored作表语。故选C。17D【解析】考查句子分析。句意：从初中到高中真的是一个巨大的挑战。分析句子可知，句子的主语是动名词短语Going from junior high school to senior high school，句子是主系表句型，a big challenge为表语。故选D项。18B【解析】考查句子成分。句意：妈妈鼓励我尝试不同种类的食物。分析句子可知，名词Mum“妈妈”在句中作主语，表示动作的发出者；动词encouraged“鼓励”在句中作谓语，表示主语发出的动作；代词的宾格

24、me“我”在句中作宾语，表示动作的承受者；不定式短语to try different kinds of food“尝试不同种类的食物” 在句中作宾语补足语，补充说明宾语的动作。分别是主语、谓语、宾语、补语。故选B项。19C【解析】考查基本句型。句意：这部机器一定是坏了。分析句子结构，the machine是主语，must be为情态动词+系动词，out of order位于系动词后面，是表语。由此可知，这个句子是“主+系+表”结构。故填C。20D【解析】考查句子结构。句意：在车辆的嘈杂声中，她无法使人听见她的声音。分析句子结构可知，这个句子的主语是She，谓语是 couldnt make，宾语

25、是 herself ，过去分词heard作宾语补足语。故选D项。21D【解析】考查句子结构。句意：这消息使我感到非常高兴。“make+宾语+宾语补足语”为固定结构，the news是主语S；makes是谓语V；me是宾语DC；feel very happy是宾语补足语OC。故选D。22A【解析】考查句子成分。句意：有个女孩在楼下等你。分析句子结构，is为谓语动词，划线部分为现在分词作后置定语，修饰名词a girl。故选A。23B【解析】考查句子成分。句意：他的工作是教英语。is是系动词，与 to teach English构成系表结构。故划线部分是表语。故选B。【点睛】24C【解析】考查定语从

26、句。句意：现在越来越多的学生直接在网上学习，网络提供了不同类型的课程。分析句子结构可知本句是一个定语从句，先行词是the Internet，后面的定语从句结构很完整，使用关系副词where引导定语从句。所以判断划线部分是做定语成分，修饰Internet, 所以选C项。25C【解析】考查句子结构。句意：普通人会发现很难去想象米开朗基罗在四年内经历了什么困难和孤独的工作。动词find后面有一个不定式短语to imagine what Michelangelo had gone through in those four years of hard works充当宾语，hard是宾语补足语, it作

27、形式宾语, 所以划线部分充当宾语的成分。故C项正确。26D【解析】考查句子结构。句意：我们将让他当我们的班长。分析句子可知，“We”在句中作主语（S），“will make”作谓语（V），“him”作宾语（O），“our monitor”作宾语补足语（OC），故句子为“S+V+O+OC”结构。故选D项。27B【解析】考查句子成分。句意：梦想成真了！此处主语为dream，come为谓语。故选B。28C【解析】考查句子结构。句意：他给他们讲了一个有趣的故事。句中He为主语， tells为谓语动词，them为间接宾语，a funny story为直接宾语，所以本句为主谓宾宾结构。故选C。29A【解析

28、】考查句子结构。句意：数学作业看起来很简单。The maths homework 为主语，谓语动词为系动词looks，easy为表语，所以本句为主系表结构。故选A。30B【解析】考查句子成份。句意：这种名为“青蒿素”的药物很快成为治疗疟疾的标准药物。A. called叫做；B. became成为；C. treatment对待；D. save节省。分析句子的结构可知，句子的主语为this medicine；called artemisinin为动词的过去分词作后置定语；save在句中作非谓语作目的状语；句子的谓语为became。故选B。二1. 状语 2. 间接宾语，直接宾语 3. 谓语，状语 4

29、. 定语 5. 宾补 6. 定语，表语 7. 宾语，状语 8. 谓语，主语 9. 同位语 10. 主语，表语 11. 谓语，宾语，状语 12. 定语，宾语 13. 形式宾语，真正的宾语 14. 表语 15. 状语，状语 16. 插入语 17. 状语，状语 18. 表语，宾补 19. 宾补 20. 表语练习三：分析下列句子的结构：【答案】1这是本英汉辞典。主系表2午餐的气味很好。主系表3他堕入了情网。主系表4谁知道答案？主谓宾5她微笑表示感谢。主谓宾。6他拒绝帮他们的忙。主谓宾7她给丈夫煮了一餐美馔。主谓双宾8他给你带来了一本字典。主谓双宾9他们任命他当经理。主谓宾补10他们把门漆成绿色。主谓宾补11这使得他们要细想一想。主谓宾补12我看到他们登上汽车。主谓宾补13管它呢？主谓14没关系。主谓15一切看来都不同了。主系表16他长得又高又壮。主系表。17他们缺少钱。主谓宾，be short of做谓语18他喜欢看书。主谓宾19他说：“早上好！”主谓宾20我给他看我的照片。主谓双宾