Unit 4导学案2021-2022学年牛津深圳版八年级英语上册.docx
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1、Unit 4 Inventions第1课时 Vocabulary词汇课堂精讲重点词汇解析考点1 advertisement的用法(P 49)advert semen tn.:a notice,picture or film telling people about a product,job or service广告举例One day,when I walked pasta mobile phone store,I saw an advertisement on its door.一天,当我走过一家手机商店的时候,我看到门上有一则广告。扩展(1)advertisement=ad(2)adver
2、tise v.做广告We have no need to advertise our product.我们没有必要为我们的产品打广告。(3)advertiser n.广告商That big advertiser liked the show.那个大广告商喜欢这个节目。-ment是一个名词后缀,常见单词如下表所示:move v.移动;搬动movement n.运动;活动argue v.主张;争论argument n.争论;争吵improve v.提高;改善improvement n.提高;改善agree v.同意;赞同agreement n.同意;一致arrange v安排arrangement
3、 n.安排运用(1)If you want to sell your old sofa,why not put a(n) in the local newspaper?A. movementB. agreementC. advertisement(2)We can (advertisement)our new products on the Internet.(3)他爸爸是一位广告商。(汉译英) 考点2 create的用法(P 49)create v.:make;to make sth. happen or exist创造;创作举例The main purpose of industry is
4、 to create wealth.工业的主要宗旨是创造财富。扩展(1)creative adj.有创造力的Creative people usually like art and music.有创造力的人通常喜欢艺术和音乐。(2)creation n.创造;作品;创作Life is the source of literary creation.生活是文学创作的源泉。运用(1)只要你可以想象到,你就可以创造出来。(汉译英) (2)Guess what!Teresa makes her own clothes.Wow,she is .I could never do that.A. simpl
5、eB. creativeC. popular(3)This book is a great (create).考点3 comfortable的用法(P 51,L 7)com for able adj:nice and so;making you feel physically relaxed;pleasant to wear,sit on,etc.使人舒服的;舒适的举例Are you comfortable?你感觉舒服吗?扩展(1)(反)uncomfortable adj.不舒服的;令人不适的;不安的I was uncomfortable in the backseat我坐在后座觉得不舒服。(
6、2)comfort n.舒服;安逸These tennis shoes are designed for comfort and performance.这些网球鞋的设计以舒适为本,打起球来发挥更出色。运用(1)This new bed is (comfort).I like it.(2)我们都喜欢舒适。(汉译英) (3)If you feel ,try running in socks on grass,youll feel better.A. comfortB. comfortableC. uncomfortable考点4 practical的用法(P 51,L 16)practical
7、adj.:useful or suitable有用的;适用的举例Your invention is clever,but not practical.你的发明很巧,但是不实用。扩展(反)impractical adj.不切实际的;不实用的This plan is impractical.这个计划不切实际。运用(1)我们需要有实用技能的工人。(汉译英) (2)I dont like this computer,because it is not only expensive but also (practical).考点5 since then的用法(P 51,L 17)since then:f
8、rom then on自那以来举例I have not seen him since then.从那以后我再也没见过他。用法用since then时,主句用现在完成时。运用自那以来,我就(一直)住在这里了。(汉译英) 考点6 keep in touch with的用法(P 51,L 21)keep in touch with:having regular communication with与保持联系举例We should keep in touch with each other我们应该保持联系。扩展(1)lose touch with与失去联系I dont want to lose tou
9、ch with you.我不想和你失去联系。(2)get in touch with与取得联系How can we get in touch with you?我们怎样才能和你取得联系呢?运用Are you still your old friends?Yes. I heard from him yesterday.A. keeping in touch withB. losing touch withC. getting in touch with考点7 develop的用法(P 51,L 24)develop v.:produce开发;研制举例We believe that sports
10、can develop mind and body.我们认为运动可以促进身心发展。扩展(1)developed adj.发达的America is a developed country.美国是一个发达国家。(2)developing adj.发展中的China is a developing country.中国是一个发展中国家。(3)development n.发展;开发How do you see your career development?你如何看待你的事业发展呢?运用(1)You think studying English well is difficult,but we al
11、l know interest can be in anyway.A. showedB. takenC. developed(2)India is a (develop)country.(3)The (develop)of the factory is not very good考点8inthedaytme的用法(P 51,L 29)in the daytime:during the day在白天举例We usually work in the daytime.我们通常在白天干活。运用请不要在白天给我打电话。(汉译英) 考点9 at the same time的用法(P 54,B)at the
12、 same time:in the meantime同时举例We both got to school at the same time this morning.今天早上我们俩同时到校。运用Im afraid of her,but at the same time I like her.(英译汉) 考点10 special的用法(P 60,A)special adj.:not ordinary or usual特殊的;特别的举例We will have a special party on October 31st.我们将会在十月三十一日开个特别的聚会。扩展specially adv.特别地
13、;专门地The rig was specially made for her这枚戒指是为她定做的。运用(1)Marsha thought her friends would do something to celebrate her birthday,but they just gave her a birthday card.A. correctB. honestC. special(2)We came (special)to see you.课堂精练1.根据句意及汉语提示完成句子1.Id like to stay at home (在白天).2.Lie down on your bed a
14、nd make yourself (舒适的)3.The (广告)told us very little about the product.4.We want to (创作)jobs for young people.5.Some students agree with taking phones to school because they can (与保持联系)their parents.6.The desk looks good,but its not (实用的).7.She looks so beautiful,but (同时)so lonely.8.We need to (开发)lo
15、cal business.9. (自那以来),weve never seen each other.10.She teaches children with (特殊的)needs.II.用所给单词的适当形式填空1.I think this story is much (funny)than that one.2.Does your father enjoy (invent)new things?3.I think this kind of machine is really (practice).4.Tim wants to (development)a new product.5.Peopl
16、e began to live on the island many (century)ago.根据汉语意思,完成句子1.从那以后,我们住在了不同的城市。 ,we have lived in different cities.2.这条街白天很拥挤。The street is crowded .3.我们俩在同时讲话。We are both talking .4.你们是如何保持联系的?How do you each other?5.太阳晒着我了,请把窗帘拉下来遮住阳光。The Sun is shining on me. Please draw the curtain to it .阅读填空请阅读全
17、文,并从下面方框里的六个句子中选择五个还原到短文中,使短文的意思完整、连贯。A. Robots area great invention.B. Luckily,robots can do many things for them.C. They can do all the things robots from Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft can do.D. They can even use sign languages to make old people safe.E. They are surprisingly good at improving old peopl
18、es social life,too.F. Japan is facing a serious problem.1. In 2016,the birth population(人口)fell below one million for the first time since1899.A quarter of the population is already grey. Many old people stay home alone,and no one can look after them.2. They are good at improving old peoples movemen
19、t.3. Robots from Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft are able to get food and drink for old people from the kitchen when people ask them to do so. These robots can make old people feel happy by playing memory games to help keep their mind sharp. Hondas ASIMO robots are even better.4. Except these things,they ca
20、n go up or downstairs. If people put different programs into them,they can help people remember to take pills from doctors,know their health and answer calls from family members or doctors.5. 课后巩固请完成作业本相关练习第2课时 Reading阅读课堂精讲一、课本原文Great inventionsGreat inventions change the world. They help people li
21、ve a better life. The following are three of the most important inventions in history.The wheelThe wheel is perhaps the greatest invention in history. After its invention,travelling became faster and more comfortable. A few thousand years ago,people started to use wheels on carriages. In the early 1
22、9th century,the first trains began to carry passengers. At the start of the 20th century,cars became popular. Without the wheel,we would not have these inventions.The telephoneAlexander Graham Bell invented one of the first practical telephones in 1876.Since then,people have been able to speak to ea
23、ch other over long distances. Today millions of people across the world own mobile phones. They allow people to keep in touch with each other anytime,anywhere.The light bulbThomas Edison developed the first practical light bulb in 1879.Before the invention of the light bulb,people had to use oil lam
24、ps,gas lamps or candles to see at night. With light bulbs,people can do as many things in the evenings as they can in the daytime. Can you imagine living without them?试试你的翻译能力 二、课文重点语句解析1.They allow people to keep in touch with each other anytime,anywhere.(P 51,L 21)它们使得人们彼此之间随时、随地保持联系。解析a lows b.to
25、 do sth.允许某人做某事,allow后跟动词不定式作宾语。anywhere是副词,意为“在任何地方;随便什么地方”,在句中作地点状语。举例He wont allow himself to fail.他不容许自己失败。Hes never been anywhere outside Britain.他从来没有去过英国以外的任何地方。运用(1)My mother doesnt allow me (watch)TV at home.(2)If you want to go anywhere else,let me know.(英译汉) 2.With light bulbs,people can
26、do as many things n the evenings as they can n the day t me.(P 51,L27)有了灯泡以后,人们在晚上可以像在白天一样做许多事情。解析with light bulbs,with的复合结构表伴随,在句中作伴随状语。反义词为without。as.as意为“和一样”,中间用形容词或副词原级,否定形式为not so/as.as。举例The teacher with the children is going on a short trip.老师将和孩子们一起去短途旅行。He doesnt run as fast as his sister.
27、他跑得没有他姐姐快。运用(1)Its impolite to talk your mouth full during a meal.A. forB. withC. without(2)我想变得和你一样美丽。(汉译英) 3.Can you imagine living without them?(P 51,L 29)你能想象没有它们的生活吗?解析此句含有虚拟语气,用来表示“非真实”的情况。imagine为动词,意为“想象”,后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。举例Can you imagine a life without electricity?你能想象没有电的生活吗?Its hard to ima
28、gine working in a place like that.在那种地方工作,真是难以想象。运用The Internet is so closely connected with our daily lives. Can you a life without it?A. understandB. imagineC. consider课堂精练1.翻译下列短语1.自那以来 2.在白天 3.与保持联系 4.帮助某人做某事 5.能够做某事 6.在开始的时候 7.允许某人做某事 8.想象做某事 I.用所给单词的适当形式填空1.His father wants to (owner)a local v
29、ideo shop.2.My parents wont allow me (go)out tonight.3.Do you know who (invent)the paper?4.I cant (imagination)a life without light.5.My grandpa told me that he used oil (lamp)at night when he was a child.课文语法填空根据所学课文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。Here are three of the 1.l (importa
30、nt)inventions in history.The wheelThe wheel is 2. (possible)the greatest invention in history. After 3. (it)invention,travelling became faster and more 4. (comfort).With the wheel,a fewthousand years ago,people started to take carriages. In 5. early 19th century,the firsttrains began to carry passen
31、gers.6. cars became popular at the start of the 20th century.The telephoneIn 1876,Alexander Graham Bell invented one of the first practical telephones. Today 7. (million)of people around the world have mobile phones. They allow people 8. (keep)in touch with each other anytime,anywhere.The light bulb
32、In 1879,Thomas Edison 9. (develop)the first practical light bulb. With light bulbs,people can do as many things in the evenings as they can 10. the daytime.信息匹配下面的材料AF分别是六款不同产品的介绍。请根据五个人的购物需要为他们选择合适的产品。A. This can help you wash your dirty clothes and dry them. You just need to turn it on and later h
33、ang the clothes on the line.B. You can do many things with this product,such as sending emails,playing games and listening to music. It is useful and convenient.C. The electric product can make you cool during hot days. It can help you to change the temperature and control the humidity(湿度)D. This pr
34、oduct can keep meat,vegetables,fruit and drinks cool and fresh on hot days.E. The main function of this helpful product is to tell you the time and wake you up.F. After you finish washing your hair,you need this product to make your wet hair dry right away.( )1.Lucy is often later school because she
35、 always gets up late. She needs to buy something towake her up in the morning.( )2.Bob likes to listen to music when he is free. And he has many emails to deal with every day. He wants to buy something that can help him.( )3.The weather is so hot that Peter cant sleep well at night. He would like to
36、 buy something to make him cool.( )4.Jenny has longhair and it is hard to dry after washing. She wants to buy something to dry her hair.( )5.Mrs Brown is a housewife and there are 4 people in her family. So washing clothes everyday is hard for her. She needs a product to do it for her.课后巩固请完成作业本相关练习
37、第3课时 Grammar语法课堂语法精讲A. good,bad and far本部分介绍的是形容词good,bad和far的不规则比较级和最高级的形式和用法。形容词比较级最高级goodbetterthe bestbadworsethe worstfarfarther/furtherthe farthest/furthest辨析farther与further1.farther一般只用于表示有形距离的“较远”“更远”。如:We cant go any farther without a rest.我们不休息就不能再走了。2.further既可表示有形距离的“较远”“更远”,也可表示“更多的”“另一
38、些”“进一步的”“而且”“此外”等等。如:Its not safe to go any further.再往远走,就不安全了。Have you got any further questions to ask?你们还有问题要问吗?If you need further information,I suggest you go to the library.如果你需要更多的资料,我建议你去图书馆查查。注意:表示有形距离时,farther/further和farthest/furthest都可用。如:I can throw much farther/further than you.我可以比你扔得
39、更远。Whats the farthest furthest d stance youve ever run?你跑过最远的距离是多少?除了good,bad,far还有many,much,little,ll old等形容词的不规则比较级形式和最高级形式:形容词比较级最高级many/muchmorethe mostlittlelessthe leastillworsethe worstoldolder/elderthe oldest/eldest注意:elder和eldest可以用来代替older和oldest,表示家庭成员出生的先后顺序,它们只能用在名词前,作定语,不能作表语,也不与than连用
40、。B.(not)as.as本部分介绍的是同级比较结构(not)as.as的用法。as.as结构意为“和一样”,用来表示人或物在某方面是相同的。中间用形容词或副词的原级。它的否定式是not as/so.as,意为“不如那样”。如:I am as tall as Susan.我和苏珊一样高。Amy is not as/so tall as Susan.艾米没有苏珊高。课堂精练1.写出下列单词的比较级和最高级形式1.good 2.bad 3.far 4.many 5.much 6.little 7.ill 8.old .用所给单词的适当形式填空1.In my opinion,Anns idea is
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