Unit 8 How do you make a banana milk shake？-2022-2023学年八年级英语上册同步必备知识清单（人教版）.docx

1、Unit 8 How do you make a banana milk shake？八年级英语上册必备知识清单一、词汇知识清单I、课标词汇注意英译汉blender blendr 搅拌器；果汁机peel pil vt.剥落；削皮pour pr pour pr 倒；倾倒yogurt jort 酸奶；honey hni 蜂蜜watermelon wtrmeln 西瓜spoon spun 勺，调羹add d 增加finally fanli 最后，最终salt slt 盐sugar r 糖cheese tiz 干酪，奶酪corn krn 玉米，谷物machine min 机器sandwich snwt

2、 三明治butter btr 黄油，奶油turkey trki 火鸡lettuce lets 莴苣，生菜piece pis 件；篇；片；块；traditional trdnl 传统的traveler trvl 旅行者England lnd 英格兰；英国celebrate selbret 庆祝；庆贺pepper pepr 胡椒粉；辣椒cover kvr 遮盖，盖子，gravy revi 肉汁；肉汤serve srv 接待，服务temperature temprtr 温度，气候II、语法词汇知其变注意词性变化1.blender blendr 搅拌器；果汁机blend vt.搅拌 2.peel pi

3、l vt.剥落；削皮peeler n.剥皮机3.spoon spun 勺，调羹spoonful n.一勺的量 4.add d 增加addition n.添加物additional adj.附加的,添加的5.finally fanli 最后，最终 final adj.最终的，n.决赛,期终考试 6.salt slt 盐 salty adj.咸的 7.machine min 机器 machinist n.机械师mechanic n.机械工mechanical adj.机械的 8.traditional trdnl 传统的tradition n.传统 9.traveler trvl 旅行者trave

4、l v.旅行 10.celebrate selbret 庆祝；庆贺celebration n.庆典,颂扬 11.cover kvr 遮盖，盖子discover vt.发现uncover vt.揭开发现coverage 覆盖,报道n. 12.serve srv 接待，服务 service n.服务 III、重点短语知搭配注意固定短语的英汉互译1. milk shake奶昔 2.turn on接通（电流、煤气、水等）；打开turn off 关上turn up旋大（灯火等），开大（煤气等）调高（声音等），turn down 把（灯火、电器等）关小一点;拒绝 3.pourinto把倒入 4.a cup

5、 of yogurt一杯酸奶 5. a good idea好主意 6.cut up切碎 cut sth into pieces把某物切成碎片7.putinto把放入 8.one more thing还有一件事 9.a piece of一片/张/段/首two pieces of bread 两片面包10.a spoon of 一勺 11.at this time在这时 12. fill A with B用B把A装满13.cover A with B用 B 覆盖A 14.one by one一个接一个；逐个；依次 15.for a long time很长时间16.mix it all up 将它们

6、混合在一起了 mix A with B 把AB 混合 17.another 10 minutes另外10分钟 18.plant a tree种一棵树 wash clothes洗衣服 19.take out a book from the library从书店拿出一本书 20.dig a hole 挖个坑 21.on special holidays在特殊的节日里 22.rice noodles 米线 23.at a very high temperature在很高的温度下 24.tomato and egg soup 西红柿鸡蛋汤IV、核心单词知用法注意固定短语、句型和词块Section A1

7、. Turn on the blender. (P. 57)turn on意为“打开”，反义词是turn off，意为“关掉”。Please turn on the radio.Dont forget to turn off the light.2. Cut up the bananas. (P. 57)cut up意为“切碎”，相当于cut into pieces。Hand the meat to me. Ill cut it up.Please help me cut up the apple.3. Pour the milk into the blender. (P. 57)pour.i

8、nto.表示“将倒进里面”，pour.out表示“把倒出来”。Please pour the water into the bowl.Please pour the milk out.4. How do you make a banana milk shake? (P. 57)make用作实义动词，表示“制作、做”，make sb. sth.相当于make sth. for sb.“为某人制造某物”。My mother often makes some fresh juice for us.5. How many bananas do we need? (P. 58)need作动词时，不仅可以

9、作情态动词，还可以作实义动词，作情态动词时，后接动词原形；作实义动词时，后接名词或者动词不定式作宾语。You neednt go to the meeting too early.We need three more workers.He doesnt need to worry too much.6. Next, put the beef, carrots and potatoes into a pot and add some water. (P. 58)(1) put.into.表示“把放进里面去”，也可以表示“把翻译成”。He put that book into the box.Ca

10、n you put these English sentences into Chinese?(2) add用作及物动词，表示“增加、添加”，add.to.“把添加到上去”。If you add six to one, you will get seven.7. Then, add the cabbage, tomatoes and onion and cook for another 10 minutes. (P. 58)“another+基数词+名词”表示“再/又”，相当于“基数词+more+名词”。They need another ten men to do the job.=They

11、 need ten more men to do the job.8. Finally, dont forget to add some salt. (P. 58) finally作副词，表示“最后、最终”，相当于at last或者in the end。Finally they agreed with the plan.9. Do you know how to plant a tree? (P. 59) how to plant a tree是“特殊疑问词+不定式”结构，不定式经常和特殊疑问词连用，在句中作主语、宾语和表语。When to start is not decided yet.I

12、 dont know what to do next.The question is when to begin the work.10. First, dig a hole. (P. 59)dig此处用作及物动词，表示“挖、掘”。They will dig the garden before winter.Section B1. .and is a time to give thanks for food in the autumn. (P. 61)(1) 此句中的动词不定式作定语，动词不定式作定语时，放在被修饰词后面。当作定语的不定式和被修饰词构成动宾关系时，而且动词又是不及物动词时，其后

13、应该加上适当的介词。I have a letter to write.They are looking for a hotel to live in.(2) give thanks for sth.“因某事而表示感谢”，give thanks to sb.“对某人表示感谢”。Id like to give thanks for your help.2. These days, most Americans still celebrate this idea of giving thanks by having a big meal at home with their family. (P.

14、61)(1) by可以用来表示方式，意为“通过”，后接名词或者动名词短语。He usually goes to work by bus.The man makes a living by selling newspapers.(2) family指代家庭这个整体时，谓语动词用单数形式，指家庭成员时，谓语动词用复数形式。Jims family is small.His family are discussing their holiday plan.3. Here is one way to make turkey for a Thanksgiving dinner. (P. 61)way表示“

15、方法”时，后常接动词不定式或者of doing作定语。Can you think out a way to open the door/of opening the door?4. First, mix together some bread pieces, onions, salt and pepper. (P. 61)mix表示“混合”，常用的结构为：mix sth. and/with sth.“把同混合起来”。First you should mix milk with eggs.5. Next, fill the turkey with this bread mix. (P. 61)f

16、ill.with.表示“用装满”，常用结构还有be filled with“装满、充满”，相当于be full of。He filled the glass with water.The schoolbag is filled with books.6. Then, put the turkey in a hot oven and cook it for a few hours. (P. 61)a few意为“一些”，修饰可数名词复数，表示肯定含义；few也修饰可数名词复数，但是表达否定含义。There are a few students in the classroom.Few peopl

17、e like mice.7. When it is ready, place the turkey on a large plate and cover it with gravy. (P. 61)(1) place此处用作及物动词，意为“放置、安置”。He placed the machine under the table.(2) cover表示“覆盖”时，常用的结构为：cover.with.“用覆盖”。被动结构为：be covered with sth.“被覆盖”。The mother covered her daughter with a blanket at night.The gr

18、ound was usually covered with snow in winter.8. Finally, serve it to your friends with some vegetables. (P. 62)serve此处用作及物动词，意为“接待、服务、提供”，常用的结构为：serve sth. to sb.或者serve sb. (with) sth.意为“用某物招待某人”。The waiters are serving coffee to customers.9. Then, cook it at a very high temperature for a long time

19、. (P. 62)temperature作名词，表示“温度”，at a high/low temperature“高温/低温”；take ones temperature意为“量某人的体温”。The workers work at a high temperature.The nurse took my temperature just now.10. To make this special food, you need to have rice noodles, chicken soup, chicken, lettuce and eggs. (P. 63)句中的to make this

20、special food是动词不定式结构，在句中作目的状语，可位于句首或者句尾。To catch the bus, he got up early.My parents came to New York to see me last month.11. Then, make the chicken soup very hot, over 100oC. (P. 63)make sb./sth.+形容词 “使某人/某物怎么样”；make sb. do sth.“使某人做某事”His parents made him stay at home.The news made us excited.12.

21、 Now its time to enjoy the rice noodles! (P. 63) Its time to do sth.意为“该做某事了”，相当于Its time for sth.。Its time for class.=Its time to have class.V、 高级结构会变通注意高级在写作中的仿写1.how many/much 多少 2.Its time (for sb.)+to do sth. 到（某人）做某事的时 3.how + to do sth.如何做某事4.need+to do sth.需要做某事 5.make sth for sb 为某人制作某物6.Wh

22、ats next?接下来是什么？7.Thats it ?行了吧？好了吗？ 8. by+doing sth. 通过做某事9. forget to do sth. 忘记做某事10. Its time for sb. to do sth. 该某人做某事了二、语法知识清单一、祈使句定义： 用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子。 这种句子的主语是第二人称you，通常省略，谓语用动词原形一具体用法：考点 1当主语是第二人称you时，you通常被省略。这种祈使句一般以动词原形开头。它的否定形式是在动词原形前加Dont。Be more careful next time.下次仔细点。Come to s

23、chool earlier next time.下次早点来学校。Dont play computer games.不要玩电脑游戏。考点 2带有第一、第三人称主语的祈使句通常以let为引导词，一般用来提建议。Lets watch the cartoon now.现在我们看卡通片吧。Lets/Let me祈使句的否定形式是Lets/Let me not或Dont lets/let me ；“Let 第三人称”的否定形式为Dont let 第三人称 Lets not play soccer in the street.我们不要在街上踢足球。Dont let her watch so much TV.

24、不要让她看这么多电视。注意：在祈使句的句首或句尾加please，可以使祈使句的语气更委婉。注意：在句尾加please时，要在please前加逗号。Please speak loudly.Speak loudly，please.请大声讲话。二口诀：祈使句无主语，主语you常省去； 动词原形谓语当，句首加dont否定变； 朗读应当用降调，句末常标感叹号。 三、结构：肯定结构： 1. Do型 Please have a seat here. 请这边坐。 2. Be型 Be a good boy! 要做一个好孩子! 3. Let型 Let me help you. 让我来帮你。 否定结构： 1.Do型

25、和Be型否定式:在句首加dont构成。Dont be late for school! 上学不要迟到！ 2.Let型的否定式有两种：“Dont let sb do sth./ “Let sb not do sthDont let him go. / Let him not go. 别让他走。 3.有些可用no开头,用来表示禁止性的祈使句。No smoking! 禁止吸烟！ No fishing! 禁止钓鱼 No parking! 禁止停车 四、与please 连用，表示委婉语气 Please open the window. Please dont open the window.五、祈使句的

26、回答祈使句的动作通常是表示将来发生的动作，所以回答祈使句时，一般用will或wont在回答具有否定意义的祈使句时，要注意形式一致，即Yes与will保持一致；No与wont保 持一致。 Please check your answer！ Yes， I will.二、可数名词与不可数名词普通名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。一、可数名词定义：可以按个数计算的名词，叫可数名词。可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。注意：可数名词可以用具体的数词来修饰，也可以用“数词计量名词 of 可数名词的复数形式”来表示。如：three apples三个苹果；two bags of watermelons两袋西瓜 指一个人

27、或一件事物时，用单数形式,在名词直接加a或an ，表示一个:a banana 指两个或多个人或事物时用复数形式: 其复数形式在词尾加-s/es(特殊情况除外) two bananas名词由单数形式变成复数形式的规则如下：【巧学妙记】(一) 规则变化：1. 一般的名词词尾直接加-s book books room rooms house houses day days 2. 以s, x, sh, ch 结尾的名词，在词尾加-es bus buses glass glasses box boxes dish dishes watch watches3. 以辅音字母+y结尾的名词，要先将y改为i再加

28、-es city cities body bodies factory factories4. 以f 或fe 结尾的名词，要将f或fe改为veshalf halves leaf leaves knife knives wife wives5.以o 结尾的名词，有生命的加es，没生命的加s tomato tomatoes ,potato potatoes photo photos radio-radios【注】以o 结尾的名词，加es 的有【记】 黑人（Negro Negroes） 英雄 （hero heroes ） 爱吃土豆（Potato potatoes） 和西红柿 （tomato toma

29、toes）【注】以o 结尾的名词，加s 的有【记】 我听广播(radio radios)， 也看到电视录像( video videos)，说动物园( zoo zoo)里的袋鼠(kangaroo kangaroos) 弹着钢琴(piano pianos)吸引游客来照相（二） 不规则变化【单复数同形】： 1.sheep, Chinese, Japanese单、复数同形2. people单数形式表示复数意义，要求谓语动词用复数；【单复数不同形】：1. child children2. man men woman women policeman policemen (规律：man men)3. foo

30、t feet tooth teeth二、不可数名词：（一） 定义：不能按个数来计算的名词，叫不可数名词。注意：不可数名词没有复数形式，表示量时用“数词 计量名词 of 不可数名词”结构。如：a cup of milk一杯牛奶（二）、 不可数名词的用法：1.不可数名词没有复数形式，不能和a/an连用；2. 不可数名词没有复数，当它作句子的主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。 The food is very fresh.食品很新鲜。不可数名词表示量的概念，有两种方式：（1）用much, a little , a lot of/ lots of. some , any 等表示多少 I dont want

31、 any advice, I want some information (2) 用a piece of 这类短语： a bottle of orange, a glass of water/milk, a cup of tea. 如果要表示“两杯茶” “三杯水”等概念时，在容器后加复数注意：可数名词的量可以用how many提问；不可数名词的量可以用how much提问。some，any，a lot of，lots of等既可以修饰可数名词，又可以修饰不可数名词。三、语篇知识清单一， 话题分析： 本单元的话题是 “描述食物制作过程”，属于说明文。一般涉及到制作食物的过程，包括所需的材料，制作

32、的方法、步骤和注意事项。主要是对祈使句及描述指令性、表示先后顺序的连接词如：first, next, then, finally等词的使用。重点考查学生以下能力：1. 熟练使用祈使句；2. 学会使用一些表示步骤的词；3. 会简单地制作一些常见的食物，并且会介绍制作过程。二， 写作步骤：（三段布局法） 1.结构：短文通常分为三个部分： 第一部分：开篇点题，引出话题。 第二部分：详细描述制作过程。 第三部分：评价这种食物。 2.人称：第一、二人称。3.时态：一般现在时、祈使句。三， 词汇积累：1. milk shake/salad/noodles/rice noodles/hamburgers/R

33、ussian soup/turkey/sandwich/jiaozi/mooncake食物2. fruit/vegetables水果、蔬菜3. salt/cheese/sugar/yogurt/milk/juice/soy sauce/vinegar/pepper常用调料4. one. cup/one.spoon加量（杯、汤勺）5. need需要6. turn on/cut up/peel/pour/put/打开/切碎/去皮/倒/放进去7. make做8. buy买9. add.to加10. first/then/next/then/finally步骤用词11. make sure确保12.

34、fresh water清洁的水13. after that然后14. cook.for.烹饪.多久15. another 10 minutes在来10分钟16. one cup of yogurt 一杯酸奶17. make popcorn做爆米花18. popcorn machine爆米花机器19. put.on把放在上面20. traditional food传统食物21. on special holidays特别的节日22. mix together混合23. fill.with用填充24. a hot oven烤炉25. cover.with用.覆盖26. cut.into piece

35、s切成条、块27. many different shapes许多不同的形状28. main dish主食29. at a very high temperature for.用高温多久30. a large bowl/plate大碗/盘子31. ingredients原料四， 句型积累：1. Do you like fruit salad? Do you know how to make it?你喜欢吃沙拉吗？你知道怎么做得吗？2. Let me tell you how to make.让我告诉你如何做3. Here is one way to make.这有一种做方法。4. Cut up

36、 the bananas.切碎香蕉。5. How do you make a banana milk shake? 你怎样做香蕉奶昔？6. I want to make.for a party.我想为派对做一些7. Then cook them for 30 minutes.然后烹饪30分钟。8. Finally, add some salt.最后加些盐。9. We need three bananas/ two spoons of honey.我们需要三个香蕉、两汤勺蜂蜜。10. Put the corn into the popcorn machine.把玉米放进爆米花机器里。11. Pe

37、ople usually eat traditional food on specials holidays.人们在特殊得节日里通常吃传统食物。12. The main dish of this meal is almost always.通常这种主食常是13. First, mix.Next.Then.Finally.首先接下来然后最后14. Now, its time to enjoy the.现在是吃得时候。15. Itis so delicious.它很美味可口。五， 写作训练一 假如你叫Tom，是一名交换生，在美食主题活动班会上，需要你向大家介绍一下水果沙拉得制作过程。请以“How

38、to make fruit salad”为题，向大家介绍如何做水果沙拉。 _范文赏析：训练一： How to make fruit salad Do you like fruit salad? Do you know how to make it? Here is one way to make fruit salad. Let me tell you. To make fruit salad, we need one apple, two oranges, one fourth watermelon, three spoons of honey and one cup of yogurt. First, peel the apple and oranges and cut them up. Also cut the watermelon up. Next, put them into a big bowl. Then, pour the honey and yogurt into it. Finally, mix them all up. Now the fruit salad is OK. Its delicious. Its time for us to enjoy it together.