Unit3 语法补充2021-2022学年人教版八年级下册英语.docx

1、英语语法补充不定式一、不定式有3种身份：名词、形容词、副词肯定结构： to do （ to + 动词原形；）否定结构： not to do 注意：有些情况不定式 省略to 肯定结构： do (不定式省略to)否定结构： not do (不定式省略to)1、做名词l To clean my room takes me two hours. 不定式做主语,看作一件事，看做单数 = It takes me two hours to clean my room. 不定式做主语， 可以用it代替l I want to read books. 不定式做宾语l His dream is to be a te

2、acher. 不定式做表语 l I want him to read books. 不定式做宾补（宾补就是补充宾语-宾语做什么)2、做形容词: 放名词后。I have something to eat. to eat吃的I have nothing to do. to do做的It is a good place to buy things. to buy things买东西的3、做副词: 放句子前 或 句子后（为了，因为，结果）I went there to read book. 为了I am happy to meet you. 因为I went home to find house ti

3、dy and clean . 结果二、不定式 在这些情况下 省略to 1）使役动词：make / have / let （不定式省略to） let sb do sth = make sb do sth = have sb do sth （ 省略to）使某人做某事、让某人做某事Eg、 He make me wash my clothes.他让我洗衣服。2） 感官动词（三眼、两耳、一注意、一感觉）See sb do 看到某人经常做什么、看到某人做了什么I saw him play basketball yesterday .（省略to ）3） help sb do sth（省略to） = help

4、 sb to do sth三、 不定式做主语，看做单数， 用it代替To know yourself is difficult. 不定式做主语，看作一件事，看做单数。= It is difficult to know yourself. 作主语时，用it代替，真正的主语放后面。动名词动名词：动词+ing ，变成名词动名词=名词l Cleaning my room takes me two hours. 动名词做主语,看做一件事，用作单数 l I like reading books. 动名词做宾语l His dream is being a teacher. 动名词做表语 “疑问词+不定式”=

5、 名词常见的疑问词who, whom, what, which, whose,when, where, how Where to live is a problem.名词住哪里是个问题。 that + 句子 = 名词that+句子 -可以做主语、宾语、表语1、 That he lives in Beijing is good news for me. 他居住在北京，对于我而言是个好消息。that+句子 - 做主语 ，叫做主语从句2、 I think （that） he is friendly. that+句子 - 做宾语 ，叫做宾语从句注意：宾语从句中that可以省略3、 The trouble is that we need money.that+句子 - 做表语 ，叫做表语从句