Unit4知识点2021-2022学年人教版新目标英语八年级下册.docx

1、八下Unit 4知识点1. 中考之建议与请求Lets do sth咱去干某事吧！例1：lets go shopping！咱购物吧！Shall we do sth？我们做某事吧？例2：Shall we go out for a walk? 我们出去散步好吗？Would you mind ones doing sth? 你介意某人干某事吗？例3：Would you mind my closing the window?你介意我关窗吗？How about doing sth=What about doing sth做某事咋样啊？例4：How about playing the trumpet？吹小号

2、咋样啊？had better（not） do sth最好(不)做某事 例5：Youd better not read such books. 你最好不要读这样的书？Why dont you+动词原形=Why not+动词原形：为什么不做某事呢？例6：Why dont you go to sleep earlier？=Why not go to sleep earlier？你为啥不早点睡？ Would you like（ not ）to do sth你想做某事吗？例7：Would you like to have a rest？你想休息一会儿吗？Would(Could) you please (

3、not) do sth你能（不）做某事吗？例8：Would you please wait for me？请你等我下好吗？2. 中考之“连词” （1） until(或till) 直到为止 not until直到才 例1：-Tom didnt go to bed until 12 oclock last night.-Thats why he was late for school this morning? -汤姆昨晚直到12点才睡觉-不你-那就是他今早迟到的原因例2：Im really tired because I studied until midnight last night。我真的

4、很累，因为昨晚上我学习到午夜（2）so that so+形或副that+句子：以便，为了=in order that+句子such+名词 that: 如此以至于特例；多多少少也用so:so many students如此多的学生so much water如此多的水 so few students如此少的学生so little water如此少的水（3）so that可与(in order) to或者(so as) to同义句转化例1：I looked through my test paper again and again so that (in order that) I wouldnt

5、make any mistakes.我一遍一遍地浏览了我的试卷，以便于我不再犯错误例2：He got up early so that he could catch the early bus.=He got up early (in order) to catch the early bus. 他早起是为了赶早班车. 例3：He is so young that he cant go to school = He is too young to go to school.=He is not old enough to go to school. 他太小了，以至于不能去上学（4） thoug

6、h=although：即使尽管（不能与but连用）because+原因的句子 so+结果的句子（because不能与so在同一句子中连用）例1：Mr.Huo often helps me with my Chinese, maths, English, physics, politics, history, geography and biology although he is quite busy. 尽管霍老师很忙但他仍然帮我学语、数、英、物、政、史、地、生。例2：Although she is wrong, its not a big deal 尽管他做的不对，也没什么大不了的(Its

7、not a big deal=Its no big deal 没什么大不了的) 3. 中考之allow （not） allow sb to do sth（不）允许某人干某事（not） allow doing sth（不）允许干某事be allowed to do sth被允许干某事儿例句：My parents dont allow me to hang out with my friends. 我父母不允许我跟我的朋友们闲逛。4. 中考之fight fight -fought打架（动词） get into a fight with sb=have a fight with sb =fight

8、with sb与某人打架 例句：I got into a fight with my best friend. 我和我最好的朋友打了一架5. 中考之 “你怎么啦?”Whats the matter with you？=Whats the trouble with you？=Whats your trouble？=Whats wrong with you?=What happened to you？=Whats up？=Whats the problem？=Is there anything wrong with you？你怎么啦？6. 中考之on the phoneon the phone用电

9、话 on the Internet=through the Internet通过互联网 on the radio通过使用收音机 in newspapers在报纸上（通过报纸） on TV在电视上（通过电视） 例句： I dont want to talk about it on the phone. 我不想在电话里谈这件事情。7. 中考之findlook for寻找(动作) find-found找到(结果)find out查明事实真相 find sb do sth发现某人干了某事find sb doing sth 发现某人正干某事find sb/sth+形容词：发现某人某事处于样的状态find

10、 it+形容词to do sth:发现做某事是的 find it easy to learn English well发现学英语很容易find sb/sth+介词短语：发现某人某事处于境地 find him in a dangerous situation 发现他处于一个危险境地例1:I found my sister looking through my things yesterday昨天我发现我妹正在翻看我的东西（注意：look through浏览）例2：When I went into the room, I found him lying in bed当我进入房间时，我发现他正躺在床

11、上(注意：lie-lay-lying 躺 lie-lied-lying 撒谎)8. 中考之deal （1）deal: 交易(名词) 处理(动词)（2）Its a big deal:这是个大事儿Its no big deal=Its not a big deal:没什么大不了的（3）deal with: 处理例句: Why dont you learn to deal with the problem by yourself你为什么不学会独自处理这个问题？9. 中考之get on with sb get on(或along) well with sb=be good with sb 与某人相处的

12、好 get on badly with sb与某人相处得不好例句: My problem is that I cant get on with my family.我的问题是我不能和我的家人和睦相处10. 中考之if (一) if: 是否（宾语从句的连接词）例1：I dont know if I should say anything to them about this. 我不知道我是否应该就这件事情对他们说点什么例2：Mr. Huo asks me if I will travel around the world one day (或some day) 霍老师问我是否我将在某一天周游世界

13、。注意1：宾语从句语序陈述。（即：主语+谓语 例如：she is ）注意2：时态：（主将从现（或从现，主将） 主过从过（或从过，主过）主现从根据（或从根据，主现）（二）if 如果（条件状语从句）（1）结构： 主句if从句（if从句，主句）（2）时态：主将从现（或从现，主将）（包括主祈从现，主情从现）主过从过（或从过，主过）主现从根据（或从根据，主现）例1：I wont(=will not) go there if it rains tomorrow=If it rains tomorrow, I will not(或wont )go there. 如果明天下雨我将不去那里。例2：You may

14、 have an accident if you drive too fast =If you drive too fast , you may have an accident. 如果你开得太快，你可能会出交通事故。（主情从现=从现，主情，）例3：If you go to the party , you will have a great time. 如果你参加聚会，你会玩得很开心。例4：Get up quickly if you dont want to be late.如果你不想迟到，就快点起来，（主祈从现）(三) ifnot=unless 除非，如果不例句：I will go ther

15、e unless it rains =I will go there if it doesnt rain. 如果不下雨我就去那里。(四)同义句转化：If 从句与祈使句间的转化。例句：If you study hard , you will pass the exam easily= Study hard and you will pass the exam easily. 努力学习，你将很容易通过考试。if 从句与with without的转化例1：If there is no water, the fish will die= The fish will die without water.

16、 如果没有水鱼会死。例2：If you help me , I will finish the work soon.= With your help , Ill finish the work soon. 如果你帮我（或：在你的帮助下），我将很快完成工作。11. 中考之argue argue争吵(动词) argument 争吵(名词) argue with sb=have an argument with sb与某人争吵 argue about sth就某事儿争吵 argue with sb about sth因某事与某人争吵例句：when they argue, its like a big

17、 black cloud hanging over our home.当他们争吵时，就像一大片的乌云笼罩在我们家的上空。12. 中考之elder （1）elder: 年长的(形容词, 后+名词) my elder brother我哥 my younger brother我弟 （2）older： 较大的（年龄）较旧的（物品） old的比较级例1：My elder brother is not very nice to me. 我哥对我也不是很好 (be nice to=be good to=be friendly to=be kind to对友好的)例2：My elder sister is t

18、hree years older than I我姐比我大三岁。13. 中考之instead instead代替,反而(副词位于句首或句尾)instead of+名词/代词/动词ing: 代替, 而不是 例1：Instead he watches whatever he wants until late at night相反晚上他却可以看他想看的任何节目一直看到很晚。（注意：whatever=no matter what无论什么 whenever=no matter when无论何时wherever=no matter where无论哪里whoever=no matter who）无论谁例2：T

19、o keep fit, We should have more vegetables and fruit instead of too much meat为了保持健康，我们应该吃较多的水果蔬菜，而不是吃太多的肉。例3：Whatever happens，I wont change my mind无论发生任何事，我将不会改变我的主意 14. 中考之nervous nervous：焦虑的，担忧的 feel nervous 感到焦虑的be nervous about对担忧的 例句：At home, I always feel lonely and nervous.在家我总是感到孤独和焦虑15. 中考之

20、offeroffer: 提供(动词)offer sb sth=offer sth to sb提供给某人某物=provide sb with sth=provide sth for sboffer to do sth主动提出干某事例1：If your parents are having problems you should offer to help如果你父母正遇到问题，你应主动提出帮助例2：I offered the seat to the old man=I offered the old man the seat我把这个座位让给了这个老人例3：The police provide pe

21、ople with help=The police provide help for people警察们给人们提供帮助16. 中考之communicatecommunicate 交流(动词)communicate with sb与某人交流communication交流（名词）例1：Maybe you could do more jobs around the house so that they have more time for proper communication.或许你可以在家多做些事情，以便他们有更多的时间进行适当的交流例2：Secondly，why dont you sit d

22、own and communicate with your brother.其次，你为啥不坐下来和你哥交流一下.（注意：firstly首先 secondly其次thirdly再次lastly最后）17. 中考之explain explain: 解释(动词) explain sth to sb把某事解释给某人(仅此一种，无同义词组) explain+句子:解释（宾语从句）explain oneself把某人自己的意思表达清楚例1：You should explain that you dont mind him watching TV all the time. 你应该解释下，你不介意他一直看电

23、视。（注意：mind doing sth介意干某事 mind sb doing sth介意某人干某事Would you mind ones doing sth? 你介意某人干某事吗？）例2：We explained our plan to Mr. Huo. 我们把我们的计划解释给霍老师了。 18. 中考之return return sb sth=return sth to sb=give sth back to sb把某物还给某人return to+地点= get back to+地点：返回某地 return home回家 return here回这里return there回那里 例1：My

24、 cousin borrows my things without returning them. 我表弟借我东西不还(注意：without doing sth不干某事儿)例2：I returned the book to him=I returned him the book =I gave the book back to him. =I gave back the book to him.我把书还给了他。19. 中考之leave (1) leave-left离开；落下某物 leave A for B：离开A地去B地 leave for B：动身去B地 leave him by himse

25、lf把他单独留下(2) left： 左边的（形容词，反义词right） leave的过去式(3) leave sth+介词+地点：把某物落在某地(4)forget sth忘记某事forget to do sth忘记去干某事（没做）forget doing sth忘记干了某事（做了）例1:You left your homework at home.你把作业忘家里了。例2: I forgot her address我忘了她的地址啦。20. 中考之afraid be afraid of sb/sth: 害怕某人/某事儿 be afraid to do sth =be afraid of doing

26、 sth害怕去干某事 be afraid that+句子：害怕例句：Youre afraid of speaking in front of people你害怕在人们面前说话（注意：in front of在前面（外部） in the front of在内部的前面）21. 中考之anymore notanymore=no more不再 (no more放于句末) notany longer=no longer不再(注意：no longer放句中实意动词的前面) 例1:Your best friend doesnt trust you anymore=Your best friend trusts

27、 you no more.你最好的朋友不再信任你了 例2： He doesnt live here any longer=He no longer lives here他不再住这儿了例3：I dont love you anymore.我不再爱你了！=I dont love you any longer.=I love you no more. =I no longer love you. 22. 中考之compete compete竞争（动词） competitor竞争者（名词）competition竞争（名词）compete with sb for sth：为了某事物与某人竞争例句：I h

28、ave to compete with my classmates at school. 我在学校不得不与我同学竞争 23. 中考之the+姓氏复数 the Greens: 格林一家人（复数） the Whites: 怀特一家人（复数） the Taylors: 泰勒一家人（复数）例句：The Taylors are a typical American family.泰勒一家人是个典型的美国家庭（注意：typical: 典型的(形容词) 24. 中考之cut out cut out删除，切去cut it out把它删了 cut them out把它们删了 cut名词out=cut out名词

29、: 删除动词+副词的短语：代词放中间名词放中间放后面都可以（顺口溜）常见副词顺口溜：上下反内外（up, down， in, out）去掉后从表面离开(off, back、on, away除了work on it depend on it)例句: Maybe I could cut out a few of their activities.或许我可以删掉他们的几个活动25. 中考之successful successful成功的(形容词)-successfully成功的(副词)succeed成功(动词) success成功(名词)be successful in(doing) sth=succ

30、eed in (doing) sth成功干某事例句: I really want them to be successful我真想让他们成功 26. 中考之opinion in ones opinion在某人看来give opinions about sth给出关于某事的观点例句：who gives their opinions about the problem? 谁就此问题发表了看法 27. 中考之continue continue doing sth继续做某事儿(同一件事情) continue to do sth继续去做某事(另一件事)例句:In some families, compe

31、tition starts very young and continues until the kids get older.在一些家庭中，孩子们很小的时候就开始竞争了，并且持续到孩子们长大。28. 中考之compare compare A with B：把A B进行比较（A B同类）compare A to B把A比作B（A B不同类）例1：They are always comparing them with other children. 他们总是把他们和别的孩子对比。(注意:be always doing sth总是干某事) 例2：We often compare children

32、to flowers and compare teachers to candles. 我们通常把孩子比作花朵，同时把老师比作蜡烛。29. 中考之crazycrazy:疯狂的(形容词) go crazy 发疯be crazy about ： 热衷于迷恋于例句：They are all crazy about Japanese food. They may be crazy他们都迷恋日本菜，他们可能疯了 30. 中考之push push推、按、督促（动词）push sb to do sth督促某人去干某事 pull拉（动词）例句：People shouldnt push their kids s

33、o hard. 人们不应把自己的孩子逼得太紧 31. 中考之cause (1) cause引起、造成（动词） 原因(名词) 借口(名词=excuse）(2) cause sb to do sth 引起（造成）某人去干某事(3) the cause of的起因(4) cause sb sth =cause sth for sb 给某人带来某事(5) cause trouble to him 给他带来麻烦例句：Mr.Huo says all these activities can cause a lot of stress for children. 霍老师说所有这些活动，会给孩子们许多压力。3

34、2. 中考之turn turn on 打开(电源，煤气水龙头等) open 打开（门、窗、书本等有开合的动作） turn off 关闭 turn up调高音量 turn down调低音量;拒绝邀请 例句：Perhaps you could tell him to turn down the TV 或许，你可以告诉他把电视音量调低一点（注意：turn down the TV调低电视音量=turn the TV down）33. 中考之重点词组例句：Why dont they just let kids be kids?为什么他们不让孩子们顺其自然呢？a lot of stress 许多压力under pressure压力之下 too much pressure太多压力have a quick dinner=have dinner quickly很快地吃晚餐 a childs development一个孩子的成长other family members其他家庭成员spend time alone独自消磨时间have after-school lessons上课外辅导班go online= use the Internet=surf the Internet上网exam skill 考试技巧 basketball practice篮球训练football training 足球训练