【创新设计】（江苏专用）2022高考英语大二轮总复习测试 阅读理解专题专题一 拨云见日 巧解事实细节类题目.docx

1、【创新设计】（江苏专用）2022高考英语大二轮总复习测试 阅读理解专题专题一 拨云见日 巧解事实细节类题目.体验高考(2022安徽)Recordings of angry bees are enough to send big，tough African elephants running away，a new study says.Beehives (蜂窝)either recorded or realmay even prevent elephants from damaging farmers crops.In 2022，scientist Lucy King and her team

2、found that elephants avoid certain trees with bees living in them.Today，Lucy wants to see if African honeybees might discourage elephants from eating crops.But before she asked farmers to go to the trouble of setting up beehives on their farms，she needed to find out if the bees would scare elephants

3、 away.Lucy found a wild beehive inside a tree in northern Kenya and set up a recorder.Then she threw a stone into the beehive，which burst into life.Lucy and her assistant hid in their car until the angry bees had calmed down.Next，Lucy searched out elephant families in Samburu National Reserve in nor

4、thern Kenya and put a speaker in a tree close to each family.From a distance，Lucy switched on the prerecorded sound of angry bees while at the same time recording the elephants with a video camera.Half the elephant groups left the area within ten seconds.Out of a total of 17 groups，only one group ig

5、nored the sound of the angry bees.Lucy reported that all the young elephants immediately ran to their mothers to hide under them.When Lucy played the sound of a waterfall (瀑布) instead of the angry bees to many of the same elephant families，the animals were undisturbed.Even after four minutes，most of

6、 the groups stayed in one place.Lucy is now studying whether the elephants will continue to avoid the sound of angry bees after hearing it several times.She hasnt tested enough groups yet to know，but her initial (最初的) results were promising enough to begin trials with farmers.She has now begun placi

7、ng speakers in the fields to see if elephants are frightened away.【语篇导读】本文讲述了科学家Lucy King和她的团队发现大象害怕发怒的蜜蜂，并且做实验来证实这个事情的故事。1We know from the passage that elephants may be frightened of _.Aloud noises Bsome cropsCvideo cameras Dangry bees解析事实细节题。根据文章第一段“Recordings of angry bees are.farmers crops”可知愤怒的

8、蜜蜂是大象所害怕的。故选D。答案D2. As mentioned in the passage，Lucy _.Aworks by herself in AfricaBneeds to test more elephant groupsChas stopped elephants eating cropsDhas got farmers to set up beehives on their farms解析事实细节题。根据文章最后一段中“Lucy is now studying.she hasnt tested enough groups yet to know”可知Lucy需要对更多的象群进行

9、实验，故选B。答案B3Why did Lucy throw a stone into a wild beehive?ATo record the sound of bees.BTo make a video of elephants.CTo see if elephants would run away.DTo find out more about the behavior of bees.解析事实细节题。根据文章第三段中“Lucy found a wild beehive.and set up a recorder”和第四段中“Lucy switched on the prerecorde

10、d sound.a video camera.”可知Lucy向野蜂窝扔石头是为了激怒蜜蜂以便录下它们的声音。故选A。答案A4Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?AYoung elephants ignore African honeybees.BWaterfalls can make elephants stay in one place.CElephants do not go near trees with bees living in them.DFarmers do not allow Lucy to cond

11、uct tests in their fields.解析事实细节题。根据文章第二段“In 2022，scientist Lucy King and her team.living in them”一句，可知大象不敢靠近住有蜜蜂的树。故选C。答案C.仿真、模拟Passage 1 体裁：说明文话题：广告信息时间：6分钟(2022四川成都检测)Our travel experts are eager to assist you with your cheap flight tickets and package deal bookings.Call us for cheap air ticket d

12、eals on flights from all UK airports.Cheap Flights to New YorkThe skyline of Manhattan is an unforgettable sight when first glimpsed，and New York is a city that knows how to attract the visitors.Visit the Statue of Liberty，take a horsedrawn carriage round Central Park，take a photo at Times Square，se

13、e a show on Broadway，or explore Chinatown.Book your cheap flight to New York from 459 only.Cheap Flights to San FranciscoSan Francisco is a big city with a smalltown charm delighting its visitors.This “City by the Bay” has a gorgeous ocean setting，wonderful architecture，and the Golden Gate Bridge th

14、at dominates the landscape.Theres so much to see and do.You can enjoy a ride in a cable car，visit fashionable Nob Hill and Union Square.And the citys longestablished Chinatown is essential.Theres no shortage of amazing nightlife with restaurants，night clubs，and bars of every description.Book your ch

15、eap flight to San Francisco from 564 only.Cheap Flights to SydneySurf，sand and sun sum up this vibrant city like no other.Famous for its golden beaches and truly worldclass surf，Sydney offers the best outdoor activities.A lively centre for business as well as arts，the city is a wonder with cafe cult

16、ure，charming nightlife，and an exciting restaurant scene.You can learn to surf at Manly，swim at Iceberg Pool，and take a dip in the ocean at Bondi Beach.You can also dip into the Opera House for a concert，explore the Botanic Gardens，and take an earlydinner sunset cruise on the lovely Sydney Harbor to

17、watch the city light up.Book your cheap flight to Sydney from 796 only.Did you know that booking flight tickets and hotels together could save you up to 40% on your total travel cost? Ask our expert travel agent to quote you on a package deal to New York，San Francisco，Sydney and save big.Hurry! Call

18、 us now to get this cheap flight deal.Call Southall Travel 24/7 to book cheap flights.【语篇导读】这是一则有关订购便宜机票的广告。1If you like to enjoy wonderful nights with friends，youll probably book the ticket to _.ANew York or San FranciscoBNew York or SydneyCChinatown or Bondi BeachDSydney or San Francisco解析细节理解题。根据

19、Cheap Flights to San Francisco下面的“Theres no shortage of amazing nightlife with restaurants，night clubs，and bars of every description.”以及Cheap Flights to Sydney下面的“charming nightlife”可知，在这两个地方可以享受美丽的夜晚。故答案为D。答案D2According to the passage，Sydney is best known for _.Aits beaches and surfingBits business

20、 as well as artsCthe Opera HouseDthe Botanic Gardens解析细节理解题。根据Cheap Flights to Sydney下面的“Famous for its golden beaches and truly worldclass surf，Sydney offers the best outdoor activities.”可知A项正确。答案A3How can you book the flight tickets?ABy phone.BOn the Internet.CWith a personal visit.DThrough a hote

21、l.解析细节理解题。根据第二段“Call us for cheap air ticket deals on flights from all UK airports.”以及最后一段中的“Call us now to get this cheap flight deal.”可知，可以通过打电话订到便宜的机票。答案A4What is the main purpose of the passage?ATo introduce three famous cities.BTo attract tourists to book flights.CTo introduce some travel exper

22、ts.DTo recommend tourist activities.解析写作意图推断题。通读全文可知，本文主要通过介绍几个不同地方的旅游特色来吸引更多的人订购便宜的机票。故答案为B。答案BPassage 2 体裁：说明文话题：旅游世界时间：7分钟(2022吉林长春调研)Europe is home to a variety of cultural treasures.Lonely Planet，the worlds largest travel guide publisher，has offered pairs of cities for culturehungry but timepoo

23、r travelers.London and ParisIt takes you about two hours to travel from London to Paris by Eurostar，a highspeed railway service.The two capital cities have been competing in fashion，art and nightlife for decadesbut each secretly looks up to the other.No one can doubt the grand and impressive beauty

24、of Paris Louvre Museum，but if you want to save money，you cannot skip the British Museum free to visit.Compared with London，Paris has more outdoor attractions such as the beautiful green walkway La Promenade Plante.In Paris，youll see diners linger over red wine.While in London，you can try some aftern

25、oon tea，eat fish and chips or salted cake.Vienna and BratislavaAustrian capital Vienna and Slovakian city Bratislava are an hour apart by train.But since they are linked by the Danube River，the best way to travel is by ship.A tour of the two cities is the perfect way to experience everything from 17

26、th centurys Habsburg Dynasty splendor to scifi restaurants.Vienna is famous for Mozart and imperial palaces.You can appreciate the perfect blending of architecture and nature in the grand Schonbrunn Palace，and reward yourself with a cup of Vienna coffee，which has made its way to the worlds cultural

27、heritage list.Bratislava is best known for its fine diningthe remarkable UFO restaurant.You can enjoy a meatladen dinner here in an amazing setting.【语篇导读】本文主要介绍了两组对于旅游者来说不容错过的欧洲城市伦敦和巴黎，维也纳和布拉迪斯拉发。1Whats the relationship between London and Paris according to the text?AThey help each other.BThey attac

28、k each other.CThey admire each other.DThey dont like each other.解析细节理解题。根据London and Paris下面的“but each secretly looks up to the other”可知，这两座城市相互钦佩，因此选C。答案C2What are the advantages of Paris mentioned in the article?aThe Louvre Museum.bFree access to museums.cMore outdoor attractions.dBetter wines and

29、 perfumes.Aac Bcd Cacd Dbcd解析细节理解题。根据London and Paris下面的“No one can doubt the grand and impressive beauty of Paris Louvre Museum”可知a被提及了；根据本段中的“Paris has more outdoor attractions”可知c被提及了。而文中关于巴黎的优点并没有提到b和d，因此选A。答案A3Which of the cities should you choose if you are interested in scifi restaurants?ALon

30、don. BParis.CGlasgow. DBratislava.解析细节理解题。根据Vienna and Bratislava 下面的“A tour of the two cities is the perfect way to experience everything from.to scifi restaurants.”和“Bratislava is best known for its fine diningthe remarkable UFO restaurant.”可推知，D项正确。答案D4Lonely Planet recommends these two pairs of

31、cities because _.Athey are not expensive to visitBthey are best known to the worldCthey are always enemies between each otherDthey are close but different in many aspects解析推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Lonely Planet，the worlds largest travel guide publisher，has offered pairs of cities for culturehungry but timepoor

32、 travelers.”并结合下文可知，每组中的两个城市相距不远，比较节约时间，而且它们有着不同的文化，因此才推荐给旅游者。故选D。答案DPassage 3 体裁：议论文话题：社会文化时间：7分钟(2022山西高三四校联考)Sex prejudices are based on and justified by the ideology(意识形态) that biology is destiny.According to this ideology，basic biological and psychological differences exist between the sexes.Th

33、ese differences require each sex to play a separate role in social life.Women are the weaker sex both physically and emotionally.Thus，they are naturally suited，much more so than men，to the performance of domestic(家庭的) duties.A womans place，under normal circumstances，is within the protective environm

34、ent of the home.Nature has determined that women play caretaker roles，such as wife and mother and homemaker.On the other hand，men are best suited to go out into the competitive world of work and politics，where serious responsibilities must be taken on.Men are to be the providers；women and children a

35、re “dependents”The ideology also holds that women who wish to work outside the household should naturally fill these jobs that are in line with the special capabilities of their sex.It is appropriate for women，not men，to be employed as nurses，social workers，elementary school teachers，household helpe

36、rs，clerks and secretaries.These positions are simply an extension of womens domestic role.Informal distinctions between “womens work” and “mens work”in the labor force，according to the ideology，are simply a functional reflection of the basic differences between the sexes.Finally，the ideology suggest

37、s that nature has worked her will in another significant way.For the human species to survive over time，its members must regularly reproduce.Thus，women must，whether at home or in the labor force，make the most of their physical appearances.So goes the ideology.It is，of course，not true that basic biol

38、ogical and psychological differences between the sexes require each to play sexdefined roles in social life.There is enough evidence that sex roles vary from society to society，and those_role_differences_that_do_exist_are_largely_learned.But to some degree people actually believe that biology is des

39、tiny and that nature intends men and women to make different contributions to society，so sexdefined roles will be seen as totally acceptable.【语篇导读】本文论述了男女性别差异的根源，认为男女在社会中所扮演的不同的角色是由男女之间生理和心理两方面的差异造成的。1According to the biologyisdestiny ideology，women _.Acannot compete with men in any fieldBare more s

40、uited to domestic jobs than menCare sensitive enough to be a good caretakerDare too weak to do any agricultural work at all解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Women are the weaker sex both physically and emotionally.Thus，they are naturally suited，much more so than men，to the performance of domestic(家庭的) duties.”可知，女性比男

41、性更适合做家务，选择B项。答案B2Those who have prejudices against women think that _.Awomen shouldnt go out for workBwomen should earn money to add the family incomeCwomen going out for work should only do “womens work”Dwomen should take jobs to drill the special capabilities of the sex解析细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句“The ideolo

42、gy also holds that women who wish to work outside the household should naturally fill these jobs that are in line with the special capabilities of their sex.”可知，对女性有偏见的人认为，那些想走出家门到外面工作的女性自然应该只做适合女性的工作。答案C3The author thinks that the positions women hold outside_.Aare determined by what they are bette

43、r suited toBgrow out of their household responsibilitiesCrepresent their breakthrough of sex discriminationDare physically and emotionally suitable to them解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“These positions are simply an extension of womens domestic role.”可知，女性在外面所从事的工作仅仅是女性家庭角色的一种延伸，因此选择B。答案B4What does the underlined

44、sentence imply?ASex roles are socially determined.BSex roles are emotionally and physically determined.CSex roles are biologically and psychologically determined.DSex roles are determined by education people take.解析句意理解题。根据前文可知，有大量的证据表明在不同的社会中男女所扮演的角色也各不相同。该句暗示性别角色也是由社会因素决定的，应选择A。答案APassage 4 体裁：记叙文

45、话题：人生百态时间：7分钟The Olympic medal ceremonies have already begun.But some athletes hardly disguise their disappointment when silver and not gold is hung around their necks.The British judo silver medallist Neil Adams calls his two from the 1980s “losers medals”Until four years ago，they were in a box at

46、the back of a cupboard.His wife then had them framed for his 50th birthday and they are now up on the wall.Adams feels proud when he looks at them，but his thoughts quickly turn to “what ifs”“I wouldnt change much”，he adds.And he wouldnt need to.Gold was within his grasp twice，but slipped away by a n

47、arrow margin on the judo mat.“The losses at the Olympic Games were the most difficult thing for me to accept，” he said.“I didnt win the silver medal.I lost the gold.In my mind they were losses.It has taken more than 30 years to get over it.”Mark Cavendish，Jessica Ennis and Mo Farah have never won Ol

48、ympic gold，but they came into London 2022 as three of Team GBs biggest medal hopes.Unfortunately，Cavendish has already suffered disappointment in the cycling road race.Neil Adams was in that same position in both the 1980 and 1984 games.However，in a career in which he collected every other judo acco

49、lade，things simply went wrong at the Olympics.In Moscow 1980，Adams was just 21 years old and found the media focus and pressure of expectation too much.Asked about being a favourite，Adams said：“It is hell，and about how you cope with it in the mind.It can make you afraid to win or lose and there is a

50、 difference.I was afraid to lose.Sometimes you freeze.Sometimes it takes you over.”Adams says that he was very cautious and that when something was tactical and technical he approached it too tactically.Perhaps its better to go in with a nothing to lose attitude.That might be the reason why the Olym

51、pic Games have often created surprise results.Sometimes its the ones who keep their cool and work the hardest who get the results.【语篇导读】参加奥运会的运动员都希望获得金牌，而那些与金牌失之交臂获得银牌的运动员的心里是什么滋味儿呢？1Where are Neil Adamssilver medals now?AAround his neck. BAt the back of a cupboard.CIn a box. DOn the wall.解析细节理解题。根据

52、第二段第二句可知，现在这两枚银牌被他的妻子裱框后挂在了墙上。答案D2How long did Adams keep the medals in the box?AMore than 30 years. BMore than 40 years.CMore than 20 years. DNo more than 20 years.解析细节理解题。根据文章内容可知，他分别于1980年和1984年参加奥运会，并分别夺得了一枚银牌，但他的两枚银牌是在四年前才从盒子里拿出来的，也就是2022年，那么第一枚银牌在盒子里放了28年，第二枚银牌放了24年。因此答案应为20多年。答案C3Adams always

53、 felt it a pity to win silver medals because _.Ahe was narrowly beaten by the championBhe didnt try his best Che lacked techniquesDhe was too greedy解析细节理解题。根据文章第三段最后一句可知，他本来是能够获胜的，但最后都是对手勉强获得冠军，这让他觉得很可惜。答案A4What advice does the author give to other athletes?ATry to become the media focus.BKeep their

54、 cool and work hard.CTry to do better next time.DUse as many techniques as possible.解析细节理解题。根据文章最后一句可知，作者建议其他运动员要保持冷静并努力锻炼，因此选择B。答案BPassage 5体裁：说明文话题：游戏与学习时间：7分钟A study suggests playing video games that might help dyslexic(诵读困难的) people learn more quickly.Vanessa Harrar of Britains University of Oxf

55、ord led the study.She reported the findings in the journal Current Biology.The study suggests that dyslexic people may have trouble moving quickly from what they read to what they hear. In the study，Doctor Harrar tested 17 people with dyslexia，and 19 others without reading problems.The volunteers we

56、re asked to push a button as quickly as possible when they heard a sound，saw a light or experienced both together.Doctor Harrar compared the speed of their reactions.She found that people with dyslexia were just as fast as the others when they saw only a picture or heard only a sound.But the Dyslexi

57、cs had a slower reaction time when they heard a sound and saw a picture at the same time，this may have an effect on how dyslexic children are taught how to read.Doctor Harrar feels like playing video games could help dyslexic people shift from seeing to hearing more quickly.She adds that images in v

58、ideo games force the eyes to move and focus quickly.“Video game types of things pop out of here and there，they move your eyes around the screen quite quickly in response to things quite quickly，and the more you play a video game the faster you get that kind of thing.So，the video game is really train

59、ing the attention system to move quickly，” said Harrar.When children learn the alphabet，they usually see the letter first and then hear the sound，or they see and hear the letter at the same time.The study shows that Dyslexics might learn more quickly if they hear the sound of a letter or word first

60、before seeing it.【语篇导读】研究表明视频游戏能帮助阅读障碍者学习。1Whats the best title of the passage?AHow to Play Video Games BetterBVideo Games Might Help DyslexicsCVideo Games Can Cure Dyslexics CompletelyDWhats Dyslexics解析标题概括题。文章主要讲述了研究表明视频游戏能帮助有阅读障碍者学习，故用B作为文章的标题最好。答案B2According to the passage the dyslexic people ha

61、ve difficulty in_.Achanging from what they see to what they hear quicklyBmoving around Cplaying video gamesDwatching movies解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The study suggests that dyslexic people may have trouble moving quickly from what they read to what they hear.”和第四段中的“Doctor Harrar feels like playing action vid

62、eo games could help dyslexic people shift from seeing to hearing more quickly.”可知有阅读障碍的人在所看到的东西和所听到的东西之间进行转换时有困难。答案A3The study shows the people with dyslexia response_ when they only take a single action.Aslower than the people without dyslexiaBfaster than the people without dyslexiaCas fast as the

63、people without dyslexiaDtwice faster than the people without dyslexia解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的“She found that people with dyslexia were just as fast as the others when they saw only a picture or heard only a sound.”可知应选C。答案C4What does the author want to tell us in Paragraph 4?AThe reason about her study.BThe

64、situation about her study.CThe problem about her study.DThe conclusion about her study.解析推理判断题。通读第四段不难发现Harrar向我们介绍了她研究的结论：如何才能更好地使有阅读障碍的人反应的更快玩视频游戏。答案D5Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?AThe Dyslexics react quickly when they hear a word and see it in the meantime.BT

65、he Dyslexics make no reaction when they hear a word and see it in the meantime.CThe Dyslexics react quickly when they hear a word before see it.DThe Dyslexics react quickly when they hear a word after see it.解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的“But the Dyslexics had a slower reaction time when they heard a sound and saw

66、 a picture at the same time.”和最后一段中的“The study shows that Dyslexics might learn more quickly if they hear the sound of a letter or word first before seeing it.”可知有阅读障碍的人在看到一个单词之前先听到它，他们反应会快一些，故选C项。答案CPassage 6 体裁：记叙文话题：语言学习时间：8分钟I prefer Lynne Trusss phraseology: I am a grammar “stickler”And，like Tr

67、ussauthor of Eats，Shoots & LeavesI have a “zero tolerance” approach to grammar mistakes that make people look stupid.Now，Truss and I disagree on what it means to have“zero tolerance”She thinks that people who mix up basic grammar “deserve to be struck by lightning，hacked up on the spot and buried in

68、 an unmarked grave”，while I just think they deserve to be passed over for a jobeven if they are otherwise qualified for the position.Everyone who applies for a position at either of my companies，iFixit or Dozuki，takes a compulsory grammar test.If job hopefuls cant distinguish between“to” and “too”，

69、their applications go into the bin.Of course，we write for a living.iF is the worlds largest online repair manual(指南)，and Dozuki helps companies write their own technical documentation，like paperless work instructions and stepbystep user manuals.So，it makes sense that weve made a strong strike agains

70、t grammar errors.But grammar is relevant for all companies.Yes，language is constantly changing，but that doesnt make grammar unimportant.Good grammar is credibility，especially on the Internet.And，for better or worse，people judge you if you cant tell the difference between “their”“there” and “theyre”G

71、ood grammar makes good business senseand not just when it comes to hiring writers.Writing isnt in the official job description of most people in our office.Still，we give our grammar test to everybody，including our salespeople，our operations staff，and our programmers.Grammar signifies more than just

72、a persons ability to remember high school English.Ive found that people who make fewer mistakes on a grammar test also make fewer mistakes when they are doing something completely unrelated to writinglike stocking shelves or labeling parts.It is the same with programmers.Applicants who dont think wr

73、iting is important are likely to think lots of other things also arent important.【语篇导读】作者讲述了自己对语法错误的态度以及正确运用语法的重要性。1The author agrees with Lynne Truss on that _.Agrammar mistakes cant be tolerantBbooks on grammar make people stupidCpeople need to learn basic grammarDgrammar mistakes are absolutely u

74、navoidable解析细节理解题。根据文章第一段第二句可知，作者和Lynne Truss一样，对语法错误都有一套“零容忍”策略，故选A项。答案A2Whats the authors “zero tolerance” approach to these job seekers who mix up basic grammar?AThey should be left out for a job.BThey have to correct their mistakes.CThey arent qualified for their jobs.DThey must be severely puni

75、shed.解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“while I just think they deserve to be passed over for a jobeven if they are otherwise qualified for the position”可知，作者认为这些犯基础语法错误的求职者不应被录取。答案A3Which of the following is TRUE of iFixit and Dozuki?AOnly one of them has a compulsory grammar test.BThey are companies where one learns

76、 grammar.CGrammar is quite important for their existence.DThey depend on grammar correction for a living.解析细节理解题。根据第四段至第六段内容，作者对每位员工都进行语法测试，因为正确的语法对作者的两个公司非常重要。答案C4What can we learn from the text?ACompanies giving grammar tests may have no good business sense.BGrammar becomes unimportant as language

77、 is constantly changing.CA“zero tolerance” approach to grammar errors might seem a little unfair.DPeople who pay attention to writing may pay attention to other things.解析细节理解题。文章最后一段指出，在语法测试中出错少的人在做与写作无关的事情时错误也少，由此可见，那些重视写作的人，同样会重视其他事情。答案DPassage 7体裁：说明文话题：公民科学时间：7分钟Citizen science is a term used fo

78、r projects or ongoing programs of scientific work in which individual volunteers or networks of volunteers，many of whom may have no specific scientific training，perform or manage researchrelated tasks such as observation，measurement or computation.An example of citizen science is a project called Pr

79、oject BudBurst.Over the past six growing seasons，Project BudBurst has used thousands of volunteer observers.They record when local plants develop their leaves，flowers and fruit.The observations go into a huge database.Then plant scientists can study the data to look for changes over time.Project dir

80、ector Sandra Henderson says participatory science like this is an idea that is growing quickly.For example，people who enjoy astronomy can observe changes in the brightness of a star.People can examine satellite images of Earth to look for sites where archeologists might find the lost tomb of Genghis

81、 Khan，the Mongolian warrior and ruler.Or someone interested in orca whales can listen to underwater microphones and let researchers know when the whales are present.Thousands of Americans and Canadians volunteered to count birds this past migration season as part of Project FeederWatch.Another area

82、where citizen science has grown is in testing water.Amanda Bruner coordinates SoundCitizen，a project based at the University of Washington campus in Tacoma.It keeps track of pollutants in Puget Sound.Some people，including scientists，still question whether average citizens can collect reliable data.N

83、ew digital tools can help settle questions about data quality，and make it easier for people to take part in citizen science.Public health research is another area where average citizens are getting involvedin some cases，whether researchers like it or not.The idea is for the public to have a voice in

84、 how public health studies are done.There is even a saying for this kind of activism：“No more research about us without us.”【语篇导读】本文属于科普类说明文，主要介绍了公民科学的含义以及人们对它的看法。1Who are the participants involved in citizen science?AProfessional scientists who have retired.BThe public showing interest in some scie

85、nce projects.CCitizens who have specific scientific training.DStudents wanting to be scientists.解析细节理解题。根据文章内容可知，公民科学的参与者是对一些科学项目有兴趣的民众，他们中很多人并没有接受过特定的培训。故B项正确。答案B2According to the passage，if you are interested in plants，you may take part in _.AProject BudBurstBProject FeederWatchCSoundCitizenDpubli

86、c health research解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“They record when local plants develop their leaves，flowers and fruit.Then plant scientists can study the data to look for changes over time.”可知答案为A。答案A3From Paragraph 3，we can infer that _.Acitizen science develops quickly and includes many fieldsBthere is no need fo

87、r professional scientists to do researchCobservation is the only method to do citizen scienceDcitizen science has grown in testing water解析推理判断题。根据第二段末尾句和第三段所述内容可推知，citizen science发展迅速且所涉领域很广，故A项正确。D属于明示信息，不属于推论。答案A4What can help get reliable data in citizen science?ASpecific scientific training.BMor

88、e participation of the public.CGreater social support.DNew digital tools.解析细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“New digital tools can help.take part in citizen science.”可知答案为D。答案D【长难句解读】原文Citizen science is a term used for projects or ongoing programs of scientific work in which individual volunteers or networks of vo

89、lunteers，many of whom may have no specific scientific training，perform or manage researchrelated tasks such as observation，measurement or computation.译文公民科学用于指那些处理科学工作的工程或持续进行的项目，参与其中的是一些个人志愿者或志愿者群体，他们中许多人可能没有经过特定的科学训练，而执行或者管理与科学研究有关的一些任务，如观察、测量或计算。分析定语从句“in which individual volunteers or networks o

90、f volunteers.or computation”为限制性定语从句，修饰“projects or ongoing programs of scientific work”，这一定语从句的主语“individual volunteers or networks of volunteers”又被many of whom 引导的非限制性定语从句修饰。Passage 8 体裁：说明文话题：语言学习时间：7分钟A persons nose is important for breathing and smelling.The nose is also used in many popular ex

91、pressions.Some people can lead other people by the nose.For example，if a wife leads her husband by the nose，she makes him do whatever she wants him to do.Some people are said to be hardnosed.They will not change their opinions or positions on anything.If someone is hardnosed，chances are he will neve

92、r pay through the nose，or pay too much money，for an object or service.It is always helpful when people keep their nose out of other peoples business.They do not interfere.The opposite of this is someone who noses around all the time.This kind of person is interested in other peoples private matters.

93、He is considered nosey.More problems can develop if a person looks down his nose at someone or something.The person acts like something is unimportant or worthless.This person might also turn up his nose at something that he considers not good enough.This person thinks he is better than everyone els

94、e.He has his nose in the air.In school，some students thumb their nose at their teacher.They refuse to obey orders or do any work.Maybe these students do not know the correct answers.My mother always told me，if you study hard，the answers should be right under your nose or easily seen.I think we have

95、explained the nose expressions.What about ears? Well，I hope you are all ears or very interested in hearing more expressions.We might even put a bug in your ear or give you an idea about something.We also advise you to keep your ear to the ground.This means to be interested in what is happening aroun

96、d you and what people are thinking.If you are a good person，you will lend an ear to your friends.You will listen to them when they have a problem they need to talk about.【语篇导读】本文主要介绍了与nose和ear有关的一些习语。1If we say a man paid through the nose，we mean _.Ahe judged the quality of things by smellingBhe bou

97、ght something he dislikedChe bought something very expensiveDhe overpaid for something he bought解析细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句话可知，“pay through the nose”与“pay too much money”同义，意思是“多花钱，付高价”。故选择D项。答案D2If a person is interested in other peoples private matters，he may _.Anose around all the timeBkeep his nose out of

98、 other peoples thingsCturn up his nose at othersDkeep his ear to the ground解析细节理解题。由第四段中的第三、四句话可知，nose around“探查，打探”，此处表示对别人的私事非常感兴趣，符合题意，故选A。答案A3When your friend wants to share something with you，you should _.Aput a bug in his earBlook down your nose at himClend an ear to himDlead him by the nose解析

99、细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，当你的朋友需要谈一些问题时，你应该倾听他的诉说。故lend an ear to sb“倾听，聆听”，符合题意。答案C4In which sentence is the expression not used properly?AWe have a real hardnosed boss，who always stands firm in his opinions.BSometimes true love is right under your nose.CWe were all ears，but he forgot what he wanted to say.DI

100、t is important for us to thumb our nose at our parents.解析细节理解题。根据第六段前两句可知，学生拒绝服从老师的命令或做一些事时，会对他们的老师“thumb their nose”，故thumb ones nose at sb/ sth表示“嗤之以鼻，蔑视”，所以D项错误。答案D【长难句解读】原文This person might also turn up his nose at something that he considers not good enough.译文这种人也可能会看不起他认为不够好的东西。分析that he considers not good enough为定语从句，修饰something。