七年级上册英语拔高课动词专题（讲义及答案）.docx

1、动词Part 1 动词的分类 动词分为：实义动词、系动词、助动词和情态动词。 实义动词和系动词是主动词，助动词和情态动词是助动词。主动词是句子的核心部分，每个句子都离不开主动词一个简单句一般只有一个核心部分：一个主动词 主动词为实义动词：I love cats.句型：主谓宾/主谓 主动词为系动词：My name is Gina.句型：主系表 主动词+主动词 ()助动词+主动词 ()I am love cats.I dont love cats.Lily is has a sister.He can speak English. I love have cats.I must go to sch

2、ool.I am is a student.一、实义动词 定义：具有实际意义，表示动作或状态。能独立作句子核心 分类：及物动词和不及物动词及物动词 (主谓宾)及物动词后面必须加宾语(动作的对象)，句子意思才完整Tom plays basketball every day. I like this book very much.不及物动词 (主谓&主谓(动介)宾)不及物动词后边不能直接加宾语Birds can fly.David swims every day. 有些不及物动词如果加宾语，需要借助介词 动词+介词Look at the blackboard!The teacher waits f

3、or the students at the school gate.有些动词既及物又不及物study: We study English. (及物) We study hard. (不及物)know: I dont know his name. (及物)I dont know. (不及物)身兼两职的还有：think, finish, sing, read, write找出下列句子中的实义动词，判断其是及物动词还是不及物动词1. I have five volleyballs and three basketballs.2. They go at 8:00.3. They go to scho

4、ol at 8:00.4. Our classes finish at 10:00.5. We finish our classes at 10:00.二、系动词 (主系表)定义：本身有词义，和表语一起说明主语状况。能独立作句 子核心分为：状态系动词(be)、感官系动词等 状态系动词 (be)be(am, is, are)表主语所处的一种状态；后加名词、形容词、 介词短语等有时翻译为“是”，有时不翻译I am a teacher. 我是一位老师。(be+名词)My room is tidy. 我的房子很干净。(be+形容词) (be 不翻译) They are on the desk. 他们在

5、书桌上。(be+介词短语) (be 不翻译)翻译下列的句子1. 那个女孩是我的妹妹。2. 字典在书桌上。3. 这首歌很令人放松。 感官系动词表示身体的一种感觉，有具体词义。后加形容词sound(听起来)look(看起来)smell(闻起来)taste(尝起来)feel(摸起来)That sounds interesting! This sweater looks nice.The flowers smell sweet.The salad tastes (good/well).找出下列句中的动词，判断其类型1. Lily is under the tree.2. The music sound

6、s nice.3. The T-shirt feels soft (柔软的).4. My father likes football.5. Tom reads every day.三、助动词 定义：大多无词意。不能单独作句子核心，要和主动词一起构成句子核心帮助句子构成否定、疑问或时态等 包括： do (does), will助动词 do (does)帮助构成否定句、疑问句(此类句子是一般现在时，且不 含 be 动词)肯定句：They speak English. 否定句：They dont speak English. 一般疑问句：Do they speak English?They dont

7、 their homework. They dont do theirhomework.Do they their homework? Do they do their homework?助动词 will帮助句子构成一般将来时I will go to Beijing.They will have a meeting. He will be twenty years old.按要求完成下列句子1. Do you like this movie?(指出对话中的动词，判断其类型)No, I dont. I will go back home later.2. It sounds great!(变成否

8、定句)3. I finish my homework.(变成一般疑问句)4. He does his homework in the evening.(改为否定句)四、情态动词 定义：有一定词义。不能单独作句子核心，和后面的主动词一起构成句子核心表一种情感和态度；大多无人称和 数的变化，后加动词原形包括：can(能够), must(必须)I speak Chinese.I can speak Chinese. She swims.She can swim.Tom goes home after school. Tom must go home after school.翻译下列句子1. 我能帮

9、你。I you.2. Kim 必须回家。Kim home.3. 他能说日语。He Japanese.4. Lily 必须去学校。Lily to school.Part 2 动词的形式动词有很多种形式，会受不同因素影响而进行相应的变化 一、受时态和人称的影响一般现在时中： 实义动词：主语是单三，实义动词用单三形式主语是其他人称和数，实义动词用原形 系动词 be：am(一单), is(三单), are(第二人称和复数) 助动词 do：主语是单三，do 要用单三形式 does主语是其他人称和数，do 要用原形 二、受前面介词的影响动词放在介词后，作介词的宾语，用 doing 形式Thank you

10、for helping me. How about watching TV?三、受前面动词的影响动词放在动词后，作动词的宾语，用 doing 或 to do 形式Lily finishes doing her homework. I want to play basketball.七上接 doing 或 to do 的动词接 doing 的：finish (完成)My mother finishes doing the housework.接 to do 的：want (想要) My sister wants to play computer games. need (需要)I need to

11、 buy a new sweater.to do, doing 都可以接的：love (爱)Tim loves playing football.= Tim loves to play football.like (喜欢)Kate likes reading in the afternoon. (习惯性的喜欢做某事)Kate likes to read this afternoon. (短暂性的想要做某事)用所给动词的适当形式填空1. He (get) up at six oclock every day.2. Kim wants (is) a teacher when she grows u

12、p(长大).3. Do you finish (do) your homework?4. Lily likes (go) to the park on weekends.5. Let Tom (come) in.6. I need (call) Lily now.Part 3 Exercises一、填空1. 动词分为：实义动词、 、 、 。2. 实义动词分为： 和 。3. 分为：状态系动词(be)、 等。4. 举例： 、will .5. 举例：can、 .二、找出下列句子有哪些动词，判断其属于四类动词中的哪一类6. Some keys are in Classroom 7E.7. I only

13、 watch them on TV.8. We go to the same school.9. This dress looks beautiful.10. I can say my ABCs.11. Do they have a basketball?12. I must find it.三、翻译下列句子13. 看天空。14. 这些西红柿尝起来很不错。15. 你的帽子在你的头上。16. 小明不喜欢历史。17. 山姆(Sam)能打篮球了。 四、用所给动词的适当形式填空18. Let Lucy (study) now.19. The Greens (have) chicken for lunc

14、h every day.20. Mary wants (meet) her aunt tomorrow.21. My mother loves (cook 做饭).22. People need (eat) vegetables and fruit.23. Mary (not want) to go to school.24. his sister (watch) TV in the evening?25. Jim can (play) basketball very well.【参考答案】Part 1 动词的分类 一、实义动词 找出下列句子中的实义动词，判断其是及物动词还是不及物动词1. h

15、ave及物动词2. go不及物动词3. go不及物动词4. finish及物动词5. finish及物动词 二、系动词 翻译下列的句子1. That girl is my sister.2. The dictionary is on the desk.3. The song is relaxing.感官系动词The salad tastes good (good/well).找出下列句中的动词，判断其类型1. is系动词(状态系动词)2. sounds系动词(感官系动词)3. feels系动词(感官系动词)4. likes实义动词(及物动词)5. reads实义动词(不及物动词)三、助动词 按

16、要求完成下列句子1. do助动词like实义动词dont 助动词will助动词go 实义动词2. It doesnt sound great!3. Do you finish your homework?4. He doesnt do his homework in the evening.四、情态动词 翻译下列句子1. can help2. must go3. can speak4. must goPart 2 动词的形式 用所给动词的适当形式填空1. gets2. to be3. doing4. going5. come6. to callPart 3 Exercises一、1. 系动词；

17、助动词；情态动词2. 及物动词；不及物动词3. 系动词；感官系动词4. 助动词；do(does)5. 情态动词；must二、6. are系动词(状态系动词)7. watch实义动词(及物动词)8. go实义动词(不及物动词)9. looks系动词(感官系动词)10. can情态动词say实义动词(及物动词)11. do助动词have实义动词(及物动词)12. must情态动词find实义动词(及物动词)三、13. Look at the sky.14. The tomatoes taste nice.15. Your hat is on your head.16. Xiaoming doesnt like history.17. Sam can play basketball.四、18. study19. have20. to meet21. cooking22. to eat23. doesnt want24. Does; watch25. play