上海中考英语专题冲刺专题四：句型转换.docx

1、2019年中考英语专题冲刺（四）-句型转换【题型介绍】题量总共7道，分值14分，每道题2分。句型转换是要求学生根据所给的句型，按要求或提示完成考题，考查的是学生对句子结构的构成、变化等方面的知识以及对此类知识的运用能力。该题型首先给出一个完整的句子，再给出一个含有几个空白处的句子，根据不同的要求填入适当的词完成句型转换。句型转换涉及到语法知识的各个方面，在做这种题时，应注意时态、语态、人称、数的变化，特殊疑问词的用法，及助动词的用法等。句型转换考题虽然包括各种句式，但通常以两种形式进行考查：同义型句型转换和条件型句型转换。【专题精讲】(一).肯定句否定句：常考的考点：have 、do句型提取助

2、动词+ 动词原形 ：do/did/does + V原形特例1：现在完成时have/has been - have/has not been1.He has been there.(改否定句) He _ _ there. 2.Jake has already downloaded many free games from the App store. (改为否定句)Jake _ downloaded many free games from the App store _.hasnt been hasnt yet特例2：一般将来时will do - wont do1. (13黄浦)The cha

3、rity organization will receive some money from the local government next year. (改为否定句)The charity organization _ receive _ money from the local government next year. wont yet特例3: had better do - had better not do (would rather (not) do)(二). 反意疑问句：常考的考点：带有否定副词的句子。前肯后否，前否后肯。1.信号词never, seldom, hardly,

4、 rarely, few/little 功能上= not2.注意用代词 Mr.Smith and his wife 用代词-theyHer parents seldom went to work, _ _? did they3.注意句子的整体理解(13闸北)They tried everything they could to improve the situation. (改为反意疑问句)They tried everything they could to improve the situation,_ _? didnt they(三). 主动语态变被动语态常考的考点：一.现、一.过、一将

5、以及含有情态动词的被动语态。be动词+动词（P.P）情况1： 一.现： am/is/are + V(P.P) 一.过： was/were +V(P.P)情况2（有be）：一.将： will be + V(P.P) 情态动词: can/may/must/should be+ V(P.P)情况3： 现.完： have/has been +V(P.P)注：人称单复数变化！(被动语态：主语宾语置换会导致单复数变化)Uncle Tom grows tomatoes in the field.(改被动)Tomatoes_ _ by Uncle Tom in the field.are grown(四).

6、同义句转换常考的考点：主要考考纲的近义短语、常用的初中重点句型。1.表结果so.that +句子= too (adj) to do= not (adj反义词) enough to doHe is so weak that he cant play football.He is_ weak _play football.He is not _ _ to play football.too, to; strong, enough2.表目的so as to do =（in order）to do= so that+ 句子= in order that+句子3.表原因because, because

7、ofThey didnt go to the museum last Monday. It rained hard. (保持句意基本意思)They didnt go to the museum last Monday _ _the heavy rain.because of4. 条件状从 if.not= unless 如果不 Take the underground, or you will be late for the lecture. 保持句意基本不变）You _ be late for the lecture _ you take the underground. will unles

8、s5.时间状从notuntil 直到.才The firemen stopped working when all the workers were saved. (保持原句意思)金山2019年The firemen _ stop working _ all the workers were saved.didnt until高频考点：say sorry to= apologize to道歉;be made up of= consist(s) of 由。组成besides A= in addition to A 除A以外（还有）prefer(red）A to B= like(d) A bette

9、r than B 喜欢A胜过Bdo harm to= be bad for 对有害improve a lot = make progress 在有进步(13徐汇)escape= run away逃跑; immediately= at once 立即high=in height EG: It is 10 meters in height. 拓展：wide= in width ; long= in lengthbe held= take place举办 when he was over sixty= in his sixtiesI think= In my opinion, 我认为run out

10、of= use up 用完consider = think about 考虑sb. pays/paid $ for sth.= sb. buys/bought sth for $=it costs/cost sb $decide to do= make a decision to do(五). 对划线部分提问常考的考点：how long/soon/ far/often, how much/ many的区别；Why/ What/ How 的区别How long 多长时间 信号词：for +时间段；since+时间点(for 10 years, since 2019)How soon 多久 信号词

11、：in + 时间段(in 10 days)How often & How many times 表频率 信号词：once, twice, =3 times,特注：当信号词是every 2 weeks等时，疑问词只能How oftenHow far 多远距离 信号词：meters, two hourswalk/rideHow old 历史多久 信号词：has a history of more than 1000 yearsWhy 原因 信号词：to do，for+ doing/名词How 方式 信号词：by doingLisa used to eat candy all the time. (

12、对画线部分提问)_ _ Lisa use to do all the time?What did(六). 肯定句改为感叹句常考的考点：近年来考的较少，要求掌握How/What 的修饰用法。(七). 两句子合并为一句，复合句变为简单句常考的考点：结构是状语从句，宾语从句的使用。注意改写句子的细节问题。1.He doesnt do A. He does B. - He does Binstead of doing A2.We . We can. -We . so that we can.3.You can go there by bus. You can go there by undergrou

13、nd, too/instead.-You can go there either by bus or by underground.either or (二选一）总结：还有both and ., neithernor 表达方式简单句/不定式-复合句/宾语从句1.The students asked me when to have a picnic.The students asked me_ _ would have a picnic.when they2. Betty taught me how I could use the computer to control the machine.

14、 （改为简单句）Betty taught me _ the computer to control the machine.how to宾语从句注意点：1从句用陈述句语序 2. 主从句时态保持一致 3.代词合理变化(13长宁)Frank asked me, Have you ever created a comic strip? (改为宾语从句)Frank asked me whether_ _ ever created a comic strip.I had (13杨浦)I can help repair the bike. said Jerry.(改为宾语从句) Jerry said _

15、he _ help repair the bike. If could【专题过关】Rewrite the following sentences as required1.None of you will go to net bar to play computer game. ( 改为反义疑问句 )None of you will go to net bar to play computer games, _ _?2.Our group spent two hours preparing for our project. ( 保持句意不变 )It _ our group two hours

16、to _ for our project.3.“Is that bridge the worlds longest sea bridge?” Cathy asked me . ( 改为宾语从句 )Cathy asked me _ that bridge _ the worlds longest sea bridge.4. The new dictionary cost me fifty yuan. ( 对划线部分提问 )How _ _ the new dictionary cost you ?5.People should take good care of the aged everywhe

17、re . ( 改为被动语态 )The aged should _ _ good care of everywhere.6.Please tell us what we should do to protect our environment.( 改为简单句 )Please tell us _ _ do to protect our environment .7.Work harder, or you ll not succeed in your new job. ( 保持句意基本不变 )_ _ work harder , youll not succeed in your new job.8.

18、Mary has her lunch at school every weekday. ( 改为否定句 )Mary _ _ her lunch at school every weekday.9.We lay on the floor inside the room . ( 改为一般疑问句 )_ you _ on the floor inside the room?10.Dad didnt watch TV on the EVE of the Spring Festival . He played cards (合并为一句 )Dad played cards on the Eve of the

19、 Spring Festival _ _ watching TV.11.The case is so heavy that I cant move it out of the room alone. ( 保持原句不变 )The case is _ heavy _ me to move out of the room alone.12.The world turns its attention to the World Cup every four years .( 对划线部分提问 )_ _ does the world turn its attention to the World Cup?K

20、eys: 1. Will you , 2.Took , prepare 3.If , was 4.Much did 5.Be taken 6.what to7.Unless you 8.Doesnt have 9.Did, lie 10.Instead of 11.Too ;for 12.How oftenRewrite the following sentences as required1.The boy said sorry to the old lady.（同意）They boy _ _ the old lady.2. The lecture was kind of boring an

21、d I didnt enjoy it.（同意）The lecture was _ _ boring and I didnt enjoy it. 3.The boy asked his teacher, “Does water freezes at zero degree.”（改简单句）The boy asked his teacher _ water _ at zero degree or not.4.There was a beauty salon in this neighborhood.（同意）There _ _ be a beauty salon in this neighborhoo

22、d. 5.Santo Claus hid the presents in the long stockings on Christmas Eve.(改被动)The presents _ _ in the long stockings on Christmas Eve.6.John visited Shanghai Museum yesterday.( 对划线部分提问 )_ did John visit yesterday?7.Martin was a taxi driver five yeas ago?( 对划线部分提问 )_ was Martin five years ago?8.Jack

23、bought five fish in the market.( 对划线部分提问 )_ _ fish did Jack buy in the market?9.The African Ghost Fish disappeared in a blink of an eye.( 对划线部分提问 ) _ _ did the African Ghost Fish disappear? 10. I met Michael at the underground station the other day.(对划线部分提问 )_ did you _ at the underground station th

24、e other day?11.Tom jumped 1.3 meters at the sports meeting.( 对划线部分提问 )_ _ did Tom jump at the sports meeting?12. Mark Twains funny story made everyone in the room laugh. (改被动)Everyone in the room _ _ _ _ by Mark Twains funny story.13. She was a heavy smoker, but she has given up smoking now.(同意)She

25、_ _ smokes.1. apologized to 2.a bit 3.whether, freezes 4. used to 5. were hidden 6.What 7.What 8. How many 9.How fast 10.Whom, meet 11.How far 12. was made to laugh 13.no longer【学法提炼】 (一)了解改写句子出题方式，注意容易出错点。 (二)积累短语与词组。 (三)检查：大些写、单复数、时态、拼写等。【课后练习】Rewrite the sentences as required（按要求改写句子，每空格限填一词）（共14

26、分）62. Peter left Shanghai for London to further his study last year. (改为否定句)Peter _ _ Shanghai for London to further his study last year.63. Its about 3050 kilometres from Shanghai to Bangkok. (对划线部分提问)_ _ is it from Shanghai to Bangkok?64. My sister isnt old enough to take care of herself. (保持句意基本不

27、变）My sister is _ _ to take care of herself.65. The song “California girls” is very popular among the students. (改为感叹句)_ _ the song “California girls” is among the students!66. I cant decide which seat to take. (保持句意基本不变）I cant decide which seat _ _ take.67. “She has promised to attend the party.” To

28、m said. (保持句意基本不变)Tom said that she _ _ to attend the party.68. down you mind the music would turning (连词成句) Keys:62. didnt leave 63. How far 64.too young 65. How popular 66. I should67.had promisedRewrite the following sentences as required(根据所给要求，改写下列句子。每空格限填一词)（共14分）54. We have already swept the

29、classroom.(改为一般疑问句)you swept the classroom ?55. Let her visit the underwater hotel instead of you.(改为反意疑问句)Let her visit the underwater hotel instead of you, ?56. Be careful, or you will make the same mistake again.(保持原句意思) you careful, you will make the same mistake again.57. Who wrote the business

30、 letters?(改被动语态)Whom the business letters by?58. Will you take part in our English evening? Mr. Anderson asked me.(合并为一句)Mr. Anderson asked me I take part in their English evening or not.59. The poor child was so lucky that she got many books from project Hope.(保持句意不变)The poor child was to get many

31、books from Project Hope.60. her house, help, clean, the old lady, once a week, The students(连词成句)Keys:54. Have yet 55.will you 56. Unless are 57.were written58.whether would 59.luck enough 60. The students help the old lady clean the house once a week.Rewrite the following sentences as required (根据所

32、给要求，改写下列句子。每空格限填一词)：（共14分）67. Peters spoken English is quite fluent! (改为感叹句) _ _ English Peter speaks!68. Neither John nor Susan has ever been to the Great Wall. (反义疑问句) Neither John nor Susan has ever been to the Great Wall, _ _?69. “Please give me a hand.” She begged me. (改为同义句) She begged me to _

33、 _ a favor.70. He always wore his shoes out. (改为被动语态)His shoes _ always _ out.71. After several hours medical treatment, the patient came to life. (保持原句意思)After several hours medical treatment, the patient _ _.72. My son asked me “Does water freeze at 0C or not? ” My son asked me _ water _ at 0C or not. 73. The writer should make the story move fast to keep the reader interested. (对划线部分提问) _ should the writer make the story move fast _?Keys:67. What, fluent 68.have they 69.do her 70.were, worn 71.woke up72.whether, freezes 73.What, for