专题 05 中国文化读写专项：清明节 端午节-2024年高考英语常考中国文化读写专练 素材积累 .docx

1、Lesson 5 Qingming Festival清明节The Qingming (Pure Brightness) Festival, which is also called the Tomb Sweeping Festival, is one of the 24 seasonal division points in China, falling on April 4-6 each year (It falls on April 5 in 2018). After the festival, the temperature will rise up and rainfall incre

2、ases. It is the high time for spring plowing and sowing. But the Qingming Festival is not only a seasonal point to guide farm work; it is more a festival of commemoration.The Qingming Festival sees a combination of sadness and happiness.This is the most important day of sacrifice. Both the Han and m

3、inority ethnic groups at this time offer sacrifices to their ancestors and sweep the tombs of the deceased. Also, they will not cook on this day and only cold food is served.The Hanshi (Cold Food) Festival was usually one day before the Qingming Festival. As our ancestors often extended the day to t

4、he Qingming, they were later combined.On each Qingming Festival, all cemeteries are crowded with people who came to sweep tombs and offer sacrifices. Traffic on the way to the cemeteries becomes extremely jammed. The customs have been greatly simplified today. After slightly sweeping the tombs, peop

5、le offer food, flowers and favorites of the dead, then burn incense and paper money and bow before the memorial tablet.In contrast to the sadness of the tomb sweepers, people also enjoy hope of spring on this day. The Qingming Festival is a time when the sun shines brightly, the trees and grass beco

6、me green and nature is again lively. Since ancient times, people have followed the custom of Spring Outings. At this time tourists are everywhere.People love to fly kites during the Qingming Festival. Kite flying is actually not limited to the Qingming Festival. Its uniqueness lies in that people fl

7、y kites not during the day, but also at night. A string of little lanterns tied onto the kite or the thread look like shining stars, and therefore, are called gods lanterns.The Qingming Festival is also a time to plant trees, for the survival rate of saplings is high and trees grow fast later. In th

8、e past, the Qingming Festival was called Arbor Day. But since 1979, Arbor Day was settled as March 12 according to the Gregorian calendar. （374 words） Helper:division divi()n分开，分隔 plow pla 犁耕 sow su 播（种） sacrifice skrifais献祭，供奉 minority mainriti; mi-少数, 少数民族 ethnic enik少数民族的成员 decease dI si:s 死亡 cem

9、etery semitri墓地，公墓 simplify simplifai简化 incense insens香 memorial tablet纪念碑 in contrast to in kntrst tu: 相比之下 uniqueness junikns独特性 arbor :b 树木 sapling spl幼树，树苗 Chinese Brief Introduction: 清明节是农历二十四节气之一，在仲春与暮春之交，也就是冬至后的第108天，节气是按照阴历制定的。中国汉族传统的清明节大约始于周代，距今已有二千五百多年的历史。清明一到，气温升高，正是春耕春种的大好时节，也是植树的好时节。清明节

10、是一个祭祀祖先的节日，传统活动为扫墓。清明时期，清明扫墓更为盛行。古时扫墓，孩子们还常要放风筝。有的风筝上安有竹笛，经风一吹能发出响声，犹如筝的声音。踏青早在唐代就已开始，历代承袭成为习惯。踏青除了欣赏大自然的湖光山色、春光美景之外，还开展各种文娱活动，增添生活情趣。北宋时期清明节很是普遍，流传下来的张泽端的清明上河图描绘的就是北宋徽宗年间清明时节东京汴梁（开封）汴河两岸的人物景象。从2008年开始，中国将清明节认定为法定节假日，放假一天。至2009年，又改为三天。一直延续至今。 Exercise:I. Questions:1. What is it that is proper for fa

11、rmers to do during the Qingming Festival?2. Why do we say the Qingming Festival combines sadness with happiness?3. Why is there the custom of Spring Outings during the Qingming Festival?4. When does the Chinese Arbor Day fall every year? II. Written work情景作文：假设你是红星中学高三一班的学生李华，为响应绿化祖国的号召，你班四月十二日去郊区植树

12、，请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，介绍植树活动的全过程，给某英文杂志的“绿色行动”专栏写一篇以“Green Action in Our Class”为题的英文稿件。注意：词数不少于80 提示词：郊区 suburbs内容要点：（1）骑车去植树（2）植树 （3）安插提示牌（4）照相说明：内容要点可用不同方式表达Lesson 6 Dragon Boat Festival端午节The Dragon Boat Festival, the 5th day of the 5th lunar month, has had a history of more than 2,000 years. It is usua

13、lly in June in the Gregorian calendar.There are many legends about the evolution of the festival, the most popular of which is in memory of Qu Yuan (340-278 BC). Qu Yuan was minister of the State of Chu and one of Chinas earliest poets. In face of great pressure from the powerful Qin State, he sugge

14、sted enriching the country and strengthening its military forces so as to fight against the Qin. However, he was opposed by noblemen headed by Zi Lan, and later was forced to give up his position and exiled by King Huai. In his exiled days, he still cared much for his country and people and wrote im

15、mortal poems including Li Sao (The Lament), Tian Wen (Heavenly Questions) and Jiu Ge (Nine Songs), which had far-reaching influences. In 278 BC, he heard the news that Qin troops had finally conquered Chus capital, so he finished his last piece Huai Sha (Embracing Sand) and threw himself into the Mi

16、luo River, holding a large stone tightly with his arms around it. The day happened to be the 5th of the 5th month in the Chinese lunar calendar. After his death, the people of Chu crowded to the bank of the river to pay their respects to him. The fishermen sailed their boats up and down the river to

17、 look for his body. People threw into the water zongzi (pyramid-shaped glutinous rice dumplings wrapped in reed or bamboo leaves) and eggs to make possible fish or shrimp change direction avoiding from attacking his body. An old doctor poured a jug of yellow rice wine into the water, hoping to turn

18、all beasts living in water drunk. Thats why people later followed the customs such as dragon boat racing, eating zongzi and drinking realgar wine on that day.Dragon boat racing is a necessary part of the festival, held all over the country. As the gun is fired, people will see racers in dragon-shape

19、d canoes pulling the oars harmoniously and hurriedly, accompanied by rapid drums, speeding toward their destination. Folk tales say the game originates from the activities of seeking Qu Yuans body, but experts, after painstaking and careful research, conclude that dragon boat racing is a semi-religi

20、ous, semi-entertaining program from the Warring States Period (475-221 BC). In the following thousands of years, the game spread to Japan, Vietnam and Britain as well as Chinas Taiwan and Hong Kong. Now dragon boat racing has developed into an aquatic sports item which features both Chinese traditio

21、n and modern sporting spirit. In 1980, it was listed into the state sports competition programs and has since been held every year. The award is called Qu Yuan Cup. Zongzi is an essential food of the Dragon Boat Festival. It is said that people ate them in the Spring and Autumn Period (770-476 BC).

22、In early times, it was only glutinous rice dumplings wrapped in reed or other plant leaves and tied with colored thread, but now the fillings are more various, including jujube and bean paste, fresh meat, and ham and egg yolk. If time permits, people will bathe glutinous rice, wash reed leaves and w

23、rap up zongzi themselves. Otherwise, they will go to shops to buy whatever stuff they want. The custom of eating zongzi is now popular in North and South Korea, Japan and Southeast Asian nations. On the Dragon Boat Festival, parents also need to dress their children up with a perfume pouch. They fir

24、st sew little bags with colorful silk cloth, then fill the bags with perfumes or herbal medicines, and finally string them with silk threads. The perfume pouch will be hung around the neck or tied to the front of a garment as a decoration. Its said to be able to turn away from evil. （639 words）Helpe

25、r:the Gregorian grig:rincalendar格里历，阳历 legend led()nd 传说 evolution ,ivlu()n; ev- 演变 exile eksail; egz- 流放，放逐 glutinous glutins黏的，胶质的 canoe knu独木舟，轻舟 oar 桨，橹 semi-religious半宗教性的 aquatic sports kwtik; -kwt-水上运动 jujube dudub 枣 perfume pfjum 香水, 香料 pouch pat 小袋 herbal hb()l 药草的，草本的 Chinese Brief Introdu

26、ction: 端午节为每年农历五月初五，又称端阳节、午日节、五月节等。端午节起源于中国，最初是我国人们以祛病防疫的节日，后来传说爱国诗人屈原在这一天死去，也同时成了中国汉族人民纪念屈原的传统节日，以围绕才华横溢、遗世独立的楚国大夫屈原而展开，传播至华夏各地，民俗文化共享，屈原之名人尽皆知，追怀华夏民族的高洁情怀。但部分地区也有纪念伍子胥、曹娥等说，且吴越之地以龙舟竞渡在此日举行部落图腾祭祀的习俗更是早于春秋。端午节有吃粽子，赛龙舟，挂菖蒲、蒿草、艾叶，薰苍术、白芷，喝雄黄酒的习俗。“端午节”为国家法定节假日之一，并被列入世界非物质文化遗产名录。Exercise: I. Questions:1.

27、 When does the Dragon Boat Festival occur in China?2. Why do people followed the customs such as dragon boat racing, eating zongzi and drinking realgar wine on that day?3. How much do you know about Zongzi like?4. Why do children wear a perfume pouch?5. Have you ever seen any dragon boat racing? If

28、so, please describe it.II. Written work1. 介绍端午节, 包括时间、方式和意义三个方面。110词左右。2. 假如你是2018年11月27-29日在浙江省德清举行的首届联合国世界地理信息大会的一名英语志愿者，除了给来自世界各地的运动员提供帮助外，你的另一使命是向他们传播中国文化, 其中包括中国传统节日的介绍。请根据下面的提示用英语写一篇短文，向他们介绍中国的端午节。名称端午节历史2000多年时间每年的农历五月初五； 初夏，标志着一年最热季节的开始庆祝活动赛龙舟。 以前：只有中国人庆祝；现在：越来越多外国人参加赛龙舟活动特色食品把糯米包裹在新鲜的竹叶里的粽子

29、写作要求使用5个句子表达全部的内容。评分标准句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇章结构连贯。3. （2015年北京卷）假设你是红星中学高三李华，请给你的美国朋友Jim写一封信，告诉他你打算参加龙舟训练营，希望他一起参加，邮件的内容包括：1. 介绍训练营的相关内容(例如；时间，地点，参加者等)；2. 说明你打算参加的原因；3. 询问对方的意向。注意：1. 词数不少于50；2. 开头和结尾已给出， 不计入总词数。提示词：龙舟训练营 Dragon Boat Training Camp Blessings:1. Fate, let me meet you; Happiness, let me know yo

30、u; Passions, reminds me of you; Friendship, let us together; Information, let me have to send you; Wish you all the luck, the Dragon Boat Festival is happy.缘分，让我遇见你;开心，让我认识你;牵挂，让我想起你;友谊，让我们在一起;信息，让我不得不发给你;祝愿你一切都如意，端午节快乐。2. If a flower represents a blessing, I send to you the whole spring! If a white

31、 cloud represents a lucky, I send to you the whole sky! May I be able to put the best blessing to you, and wish you happiness on the Dragon Boat Festival!如果一朵花代表一个祝福，我送给你整个春天!如果一朵白云代表一份幸运，我送给你整个天空!愿我能把世上最好的祝福带给你，祝端午节快乐!Suggested Answers 5. Tomb Sweeping FestivalI. Questions:1. It is proper for farme

32、rs to plow and sow.2. Not only is this the most important day of sacrifice, when people offer sacrifices to their ancestors and sweep the tombs of the ancestors, but also they enjoy hope of spring on this day. 3. Because it is a time when the sun shines brightly, the trees and grass become green and

33、 nature is again lively. Its proper to go out. 4. March 12 according to the Gregorian calendarII. Written workGreen Action in Our ClassApril 12 is memorable because our class had a meaningful experience on that day. In the morning, we bicycled to the suburbs to plant trees, talking and laughing all

34、the way. Upon arrival, we began to work immediately. Some were digging holes. Some were carrying and planting young trees. Others were watering them. After getting the work done, we put up a board reminding people to protect the trees. Before leaving we took some photos to record our green action. S

35、eeing the lines of trees, we all had a sense of achievement. We feel its our duty to protect and beautify our environment.6. Dragon Boat FestivalI. Questions:1. It occurs on the 5th day of the 5th lunar month.2. To be in remembrance of Qu Yuan, a patriot, who devoted himself for his country. 3. In e

36、arly times, it was only glutinous rice dumplings wrapped in reed or other plant leaves and tied with colored thread, but now the fillings are more various, including jujube and bean paste, fresh meat, and ham and egg yolk. 4. Because it can be used as a decoration and its said to be able to turn awa

37、y from evil. 5. see paragraph 3II. Written work 1. The Dragon Boat Festival, a traditional Chinese festival, is celebrated on the fifth day of the fifth month according to the Chinese calendar. It dates from over 2000 years ago, which falls on June 6th this year. On this day, Chinese people prepare

38、Zongzi glutinous rice dumplings wrapped in bamboo leaves. As the festival name shows, people have dragon boat races to celebrate it, especially in the southern places where there are many rivers and lakes. The Dragon Boat Festival is in memory of Qu Yuan, a great poet of ancient China. 2. The Dragon

39、 Boat Festival, with a history of more than 2000 years, falls on the fifth day of the fifth month of the lunar year. As it is in early summer, it marks the beginning of the hottest season of the year. In the old days, dragon boat races were organized only by the Chinese people. However, in recent ye

40、ars, people from other cultures have also taken part in the races and enjoyed the fun. The special food for this festival is called zongzi, which is sticky rice in fresh bamboo leaves. 3. Dear Jim,Im writing to tell you my exciting plan for the summer holiday. I want to join a Dragon Boat Training C

41、amp. I wonder if youd like to go with me.This camp will open on July 20th.It offers teenagers like you and me a chance to enjoy sports and learn about Chinese culture. If you are interested in it, let me know and Ill send you more information.Hope to meet you at the training camp this summer.Yours,Li Hua