专题01 冠词、介词、数词高频考点（原题版）-备战2024年中考英语真题题源解密（上海专用）.docx

1、专题01 冠词、介词、数词、冠词、介词、数词是中考最基础考向之一，考查范围是中考必备基础词法知识点。冠词在中考中主要考查定冠词，不定冠词，零冠词及语境应用。介词主要考查基本常见用法，偏重介词词组搭配。数词重点考查分数及不确切的数字的表达。本专题目的在于归纳一些高频考题及梳理一些解题技巧。以帮助同学们高效复习。考点考向考法/命题角度冠词1.a（泛指）第一次提到，表“一个”2.the（特指）表示特指“这个”，通常指代上文中有所提及的事物或人。3.元音发音要用an：通常以a,e,i,o,u开头的可数名词单数要用an用在辅音因素开头的单词a +university , uniform, useful,

2、 useless用在元音因素开头的单词前an+ hour ，honest球类前不加the，乐器前要加the.介词1.常考介词用法2.表示地点的介词3.表方式介词用法4.表方式介词用法5.一些介词固定搭配在近几年的考试中，对介词的考查，重心放在了固定搭配上。对于介词部分的复习，应当加强关注考纲词组的搭配, 要强化记忆常用配搭。例如：consist of; be proud of等。数词1.基数词用法、序数词用法2.分数、小数和百分比的表达3.常考点：hundred, thousand, million等用法4.易错点：固定搭配 e.g. in my fifties序数词与a 连用表示又一，再一

3、e.g. a second time中考中对数词的考查主要集中基数词和序数词的用法和区别上，有时也考查其他的相关用法。比如用数词表示分数，用数词编号等，另外，hundred，thousand，million的用法也是一个需要注意的语法知识点。特别注意不确切的数字的表达。 考向一 冠词考点高频易混易错副词梳理/归纳不定冠词1、a, an1. a boy2. an island, an elephant, an umbrella3. an hour an honest boy4. a university, a European（欧洲的）country2、泛指某一类人、事或物1. A gramma

4、r book is necessary to a language learner. 2. A horse is a useful animal.3、表示“每一”，相当于every I go to school five days a week.我每周上五天课。4、用在序数词前，表示“又一”，“再一”I have three books. I want to buy a fourth one.5、用在某些固定词组中a lot(of)(许多，大量), after a while(过一会儿), have a rest（休息）, have a look（瞧瞧）,have a good time（过得

5、开心）, take a shower（淋浴）, take a break（休息）, take a bath（洗澡）, get a cold（患感冒）, get a fever（发烧）, make a living（谋生）,in a moment（过一会儿）定冠词1、特指某(些)人或某(些)物1. The blue shirt is mine2. Open the window, please.3. I have a car. The car is red.2、指世界上独一无二的事物Which is bigger, the sun or the earth?3、用在序数词，形容词最高级前The

6、first lesson is the easiest one in this book.4、用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前the United States, the UK5、用在某些形容词前，表示某一类人the poor穷人,the blind盲人6、用在姓氏复数形式前，表示“全家人”或“夫妻俩”the Greens 格林一家或格林夫妻俩7、用在方位词前on the left在左边，in the middle of在中间8、用在乐器名称前She plays the piano every day.她每天弹钢琴。9、用在表示海洋，河流，山脉，群岛及国家和党派等名词前the Black Sea

7、黑海，the Yangzi River长江10、用在某些固定词组中all the same仍然；all the time一直；at the moment此刻；at the same time同时；by the way顺便说；do the shopping/washing买东西/洗衣服；in the morning/afternoon/evening 在上午/下午/晚上；in the open air 在户外，在野外零冠词1、在专有名词和不可数名词前Tianan Men Square天安门广场2、在星期，月份，季节，节日前特例：如果月份，季节等被一个限定性定语修饰时，则要加定冠词on Sunda

8、y在周日，in March在三月，in spring在春天，on Womens Day在妇女节He joined the Army in the spring of 1982.3、在学科名称，三餐饭和球类运动前1. Among the subjects, I like English best.2. I have lunch at school every day.3. I play football every Thursday afternoon.4、在表特定的公园，街道，车站，桥，学校等之前5、某些固定词组中不用冠词。(1)与by连用的交通工具名称前(2)名词词组(3)介词词组 (4)g

9、o短语No.25 Middle School(1) by bus, by car, by bike, by train, by air/plane, by sea/ship (但: take a bus，in a boat，on the bike) (2) day and night, hour after hour, here and there(3) at home, in surprise, at noon, on foot, at night, on duty, at work, on time, for example, in class, on show, in bed(4) go

10、 home, go to bed, go to school, go to work, go shopping/swimming/boating/fishing用与不用冠词难点1. in hospital住院/in the hospital在医院里2. in front of在(外部的)前面/in the front of在(内部的)前面3. take place发生/take the place(of)代替4. go to school上学/go to the school到学校去5. next year明年/the next year 第二年6.a teacher and writer一位

11、教师兼作家(一人)a teacher and a writer一位教师和一位作家(两人)1.（2022上海中考真题）The young man often gives _ helping hand to the old in his neighbourhood.A. aB. anC. theD. /2（2020上海中考真题）Kellys cheese cakes were sold out within half_hour at the night market.AaBanCtheD/3. （2019上海中考真题）Benjamin has learned that it is not poli

12、te to make fun of others.A. aB. anC. theD. /4.（2018上海中考真题）Hurry up! The concert will begin in_ minute.A) a B) an C)the D)/5（2017上海中考真题）Christine is selling her house，but on _ other hand she doesnt want to moveAaBanCtheD/6.（2016上海中考真题）The teenagers had _good time in the summer camp in their sister sc

13、hool.A. aB . anC . theD/考向二 介词考点高频易混易错知识点梳理/归纳1. for与of1. Its too hard for me to finish the work in only one hour.2. The house is big enough for 10 men to live in.3. Its very nice/kind of you to do so.2. 介词有时会与它的宾语分离,而且宾语有时前置1. He has a younger brother who he must take good care of.2. Who are you ta

14、lking about? =3. Do you know who our teacher is talking with over there? =4. I finally found a chair to sit on.3. in、on与at1. I usually get up at 7：00 in the morning.2. He was born on the morning of May 10th.3. His glasses are right on his nose.4. He is at the cinema at the moment.4. after与in1. He sa

15、id that he would be here after 6：00.2. My father is coming back from England in about a month.5. since与for3. Uncle Li has worked in this factory since 1970.4. Uncle Li has worked in this factory for over 40 years.6.by、in与with1. Lets go to the zoo by taxi.2. It was written by Lao She.3. Please write

16、that article(文章) in English.4. We see with our eyes and walk with our feet.7. about与on1. They are very excited talking about the coming field trip.2. Tom is going to give a talk on the history of America.8. across, over与through1. Just then a rat (鼠)ran across the road.2. There is a bridge over the r

17、iver.3. The visitors went through a big gate into another park.9. as与like 1. Let me speak to you as a father.2. Let me speak to you like a father.10. by the end of, at the end of, in the end, to the end1. By the end of last term we had learned 16 units of Book III.2. At the end of the road you can f

18、ind a big white house with brown windows.3. They left for Beijing at the end of last week.4. In the end he succeeded in the final exams.5. We should go on with the work to the end.6. Follow this road to the end and you will see a post office.11. for a moment、for the moment、in a moment与at the moment

19、1. Please wait for a moment.2. Lets leave things as they are for the moment?3. Ill come back in a moment.4. I am very busy at the moment.12. but 1. I could do nothing but wait.2. They had no choice(选择) but to fight.13. in front of 与in the front of 1. A car was parking in front of the hall.2. In the

20、front of the hall stood a big desk.14. except与besides1. Everyone went to the Palace Museum except Tom.2. Besides Chinese he also studied many other subjects.1.（2022上海中考真题）Will Alice take charge _ the coming painting exhibition?A. forB. withC. ofD. from2（2019上海中考真题）Frank held his breath the water to

21、search for his ring in the swimming pool.AatBbyCoverDunder3（2018上海中考真题）Karen and Lily will go to Russia to watch the 2018 World Cup_July.AonBinCatDof4（2017上海中考真题）Shirley is still waiting for her flight to New York City _ the airport.AatBunderConDwith5（2016上海中考真题）The local community center is open_ M

22、onday to Saturday.AinBfromCforDon6（2015上海中考真题） I love this picture _ you beside the music fountain.AinBofConDat 7（2014上海中考真题）More and more people in Shanghai choose to go to work_ underground.AinBwithCbyDfor8（2013上海中考真题）Wow! Ten students in our class will celebrate their fourteenth birthdays_ Octobe

23、r!AinBonCatDto9（2014上海中考真题）Students are encouraged to share their learning experience_ their classmates.Ato Bin CatDwith10（2012上海中考真题）You really dont have to worry _ your weight. You look just right.AforBfromCwithDabout考向三 数词考点高频易混易错知识点梳理/归纳1. 序数词的拼写序数词缩写序数词缩写firstsecondthirdfourthfifthsixthseventhe

24、ighthninthtentheleventhtwelfth1st2nd3rd4th5th6th7th8th9th10th11th12thtwentiethtwenty-firstthirtieththirty-fifthfortiethfiftiethsixtiethseventietheightiethninetiethhundredth20th21st30th35th40th50th60th70th80th90th100th2. 表示计量：即事物的长度、宽度、深度和高度，应采用基数词。It is 50 metres / kilometers/miles long (wide, deep,

25、 high).它有50米/千米/英里长（宽、深、高）。3. 表示编号：编号的数字如果过小，可用序数词或基数词表示；如果数字较大，通常用基数词表示。1. The tenth lesson=Lesson Ten 第10课2. Room 405 第405号房 3. Page 215 第215页4. No.14 Middle School 第14中学5. Telephone NO.5855806 电话： 58558064. 表示不确切的数字：基数词后面直接加上复数名词表示精确的数字，而基数词复数形式加上“of” 表示不确切的数字。1. five hundred students 500名学生2. tw

26、o thousand people 2000人3. five dozen pencils 5打铅笔4. hundreds of students 几百名学生5. millions of workers 成千上万的工人6. scores of chairs 几十张椅子5. 表示年龄和岁数1. He is a boy of 10 yeas old. = He is 10 yeas old. = He is 10 (years of age). = He is a ten-year-old boy. 2. At the age of ten, he began to learn English.3.

27、 My father is in his fifties. 我爸爸50多岁。6. 表示年代：表示什么世纪，什么年代时，通常在数词后加s或s，并在年代前加定冠词the ,1.，读作：nineteen eighties. 2. His grandfather died in the 1970s/1970s。 7. 表示分数：分子用基数词，分母用序数词。分子是one时，分母不必加s; 分子大于one时，分母要加s.1. a(=one) third 三分之一one fifth 五分之一2. two thirds 三分之二three fourths 四分之三3. Two thirds of the tr

28、ees were cut down ten years ago.8. 表示百分数：百分数的表达方式是：基数词+ percent（单数形式）+of+名词。1. Thirty percent of the students in my class are from cities. 2. About 61 percent of the surface is covered by water.1.（2022上海中考真题）Lily is reading the _ story in the book about Chinese history. （six）2（2021上海中考真题）Lily and Ma

29、ry have known each other for _ years. (seventh)3（2020上海中考真题）Uncle Andy tried_different jobs，and finally chose to be a lawyer（tenth）4（2019上海中考真题）On the_page of the book，there is an encouraging story.（eight）5. （2018上海中考真题）Look! The_lady from the left in the photo is my favourite teacher. (six)6（2017上海

30、中考真题）My school is going to have an open day on the _ of next month.（ten）7（2016上海中考真题）Could you pass me the _ dictionary from the right on the shelf ?8（2014上海中考真题）The medicine should be taken_a day after meals, George. (two)9（2015上海中考真题）Rose received a letter full of love from her parents on her _ bi

31、rthday.Asixteen Bsixteens Csixteenth Dsixteenths10（2012上海中考真题）Last year, I visited a chemical factory in Baise, there are about _ workers in it.Asix thousandsBsix thousandCsix thousands ofDsix thousand ofA 冠词1（2023上上海奉贤九年级统考期中）Did you notice the boy who was talking happily on _ phone over there?AaBa

32、nCtheD/2（2023上上海浦东新九年级校考期中）Damin is _ fisherman. He works with his cormorants every day.AanBaCtheD/3（2023上上海静安九年级校考期中）Danny often helps her mother lay _ table before dinner.AaBtheCanD/4（2023上上海徐汇九年级位育中学校考期中）The Greek army played _ trick on the Trojans and finally won the war.AaBanC/Dthe5（2023上上海普陀九年

33、级统考期中）This kind of medicine is not yet on the market for _ time being.AaBanC/Dthe6（2023上上海杨浦九年级统考期中）When do you have to be at _ airport for your flight to Harbin tonight, Joe?AaBanCtheD/7（2023上上海浦东新九年级校联考期中）It is _ common knowledge that computers are super calculators.AaB/CtheDan8（2023上上海黄浦九年级统考期中）P

34、lease take the precious vase there with _ great care. I dont want it to be broken.AaBanCtheD/9（2023上上海浦东新九年级上海市实验学校校考期中）It is a custom to play _ trick on friends on April Fools Day.AtheB/CaDan10（2023上上海浦东新九年级统考期中）_ important piece of information youve given us!AWhatBHowCWhat aDWhat an11（2023上上海浦东新九年

35、级统考期中）You dont need to wear _ uniform for the interviewAaBanCDthe12（2023上海黄浦统考三模）I heard on _ radio that the weather was going to get warmer.AaBanCtheD/13（2023上海杨浦统考三模）I think its _ hard work for Mike to finish the job by himself.AaBanCtheD/14（2023上海浦东新统考三模）In _ autumn, we often go for an outing at

36、weekends.AtheB/CanDa15（2023上海长宁统考三模）_ young woman next door enjoys her work as an English teacher.ATheBAC/DAnB 介词1（2023上上海静安九年级校考期中）The Yangtze River Bridge was open to public service _ October 31, 2009.AinBonCatDwith2（2023上上海浦东新九年级统考期中）Your new dress is quite lovely _ the color.AbesideBbesidesCexce

37、ptDexcept for3（2023上上海浦东新九年级统考期中）Millie has her piano lessons _ Saturday evenings.AinBonCatDby4（2023上上海浦东新九年级校考期中）Nowadays many people have bought different life insurance _ themselves.AwithBinCofDfor5（2023上上海浦东新九年级校考期中）Is it quicker to drive around the forest, or go straight _ it?AacrossBthroughCov

38、erDby6（2023上上海徐汇九年级位育中学校考期中）_ the night of New Years Day, we had a wonderful meal.AInBOnCAtDOf7（2023上上海普陀九年级统考期中）_ my opinion, kids should learn to do some housework.AOnBInCOfDWith8（2023上上海杨浦九年级统考期中）The doctor could find nothing wrong _ him.AaboutBforCwithDof9（2023上上海黄浦九年级统考期中）The dinner was perfect

39、 _ the service of the restaurant. The waiter was so impatient.AexceptBexcept forCbesidesDbut10（2023上海黄浦统考三模）The trainer praised his team _ their wonderful performance.AtoBbyCwithDfor11（2023上海杨浦统考三模）The smell is very familiar _ everyone who lives near a bakery.AtoBofCwithDfor12（2023上海浦东新统考三模）Some din

40、osaurs were harmless they lived _ grass.AwithBatConDby13（2023上海崇明统考三模）Lilly is very strict her students and she is highly respected by them.AfromBwithCatDfor14（2023上海兰生复旦校考）Miss Lee praised us _ our excellent performance during the art show.AofBforCwithDto15（2023上海华育中学校考）Congratulations _ the succes

41、s of the students to complete the final examination.AtoBonCofDinC 数词1（2023上海浦东新统考三模）“One million four hundred and sixteen” can also be written as “_”.A1,004,016B100,416C1,000,416D1,000,4602（2023上海上宝中学单元测试）Before she went to England, she had learned _ English words.Athousands ofBthree thousandsCthous

42、and ofDthree thousand of3（2022上海奉贤统考三模）Our English teacher looks young. Its hard to imagine she is already in her _.AfortyBfortiethCfourteenDforties4（2022上海虹口三模）Jenny has drawn _ comic strips and she is going to have them published next year.AhundredsBhundredChundred ofDhundreds of5（2022上上海浦东新九年级上海市

43、进才中学北校校考期中）It is said that several _ students are going to have the Listening Contest this weekend.AthousandsBthousandCthousand ofDthousands of6（2022上上海黄浦九年级统考期中）I think _ lesson is the most difficult in this book.AfiveBfifthCthe fifthDfifteen7（2022上上海奉贤九年级统考期中）Therere five _ books on my shelf.Ahund

44、redsBhundreds ofChundredDhundred of8（2021上上海黄浦九年级统考期中）About _ students in our school have passed the P.E. test.Athree hundredBhundreds ofCseveral hundredsDthree hundred of9（2022湖北咸宁校联考模拟预测）The number of the cars in our neighbourhood _ about eight _.Ais; hundredBare; hundredCis; hundredsDare; hundred

45、s10（2022辽宁丹东校考二模）About _ fans are waiting here. They want to see the great singer.Atwo thousand ofBa few thousandCseveral thousandsDtwo thousands11（2022云南昆明统考二模）Kunming has grown about _ bigger than it was 100 years ago.Afive timeBfive timesCfifth timeDfifth times12（2022辽宁营口校考模拟预测）What should we do

46、now, Mr Clark? Please turn to Page _ and look at the _ picture.ATwelfth; fifthBTwelve; fifthCTwelve; fiveDTwelfth; five13（2022四川攀枝花校考三模）It is reported that _ of the doctors sent to Wuhan _ post-90s. They made their own efforts to win the virus battle.Atwo fifth; isBtwo fifth; areCtwo fifths; areDtwo

47、 fifths; is14（2023上海明珠中学校考）A _ player named Li Jianrou from China won Chinas first gold medal in 2014 Winter Olympics.A27-years-oldB27-year-oldC27 year oldD27 years old15（2023上九年级上海市民办新复兴初级中学校考期中）It is said that radio, television and press are _ of conveying (传送) information.Athe most three common waysBthe most common three waysCthe three most common waysDthree the most common ways