专题01 语法填空(第二期)-备战2024年高考英语名校模拟真题速递(江苏专用).docx

1、备战2024年高考英语名校模拟真题速递(江苏专用)第二期专题01 语法填空（2023秋江苏高三校联考开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Independence is such a beautiful word. It is the growth from dependence to independence 1 leads us to maturity. Independence is another word for freedom, 2 is a universal value 3 (cherish) by all people. Freedom i

2、s 4 the drifting of white clouds in the open sky and the happy blooming of a flower in the woods. When we do not depend on anything to feel good and happy, we can truly be free. But how can we achieve independence? We must first of all have 5 (confident) in 6 (we). We should trust life and trust our

3、 own abilities to understand 7 is right and wrong, what decision to make 8 how to solve problems. We must also be brave enough 9 (take) responsibility for our decision and action. When we become independent, we 10 (be) truly mature.（2023秋江苏南通高三统考开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Torch festival of

4、 the Ethnic minorityThe Torch Festival, the grandest festival of the Yi people, is held around the 24th day of the sixth month of the lunar calendar. The Yi people think fire possesses a superhuman power 11 can drive away evil and frighten off ghosts. They have 12 a special relationship with fire th

5、at they call themselves the “fire nationality”.During the festival, torches, 20-30cm 13 diameter, a replaced upright in front of houses. At the entrance to the villages, a grand “torch tower”, standing more than 20 metres high and 14 (make) of pine branches and dry firewood, 15 .(decorate) with fres

6、h flowers and fruits.At last, with expectation and wishes 16 (come) the long-awaited moment. After dinner, as darkness casts its shadow, young and old, 17 (dress) in their most ceremonial and splendid costumes decorated with sparkling ornaments, rush 18 (excite) to the “torch tower” square. Cheers a

7、nd screams of delight burst from the crowd, while the soaring flames brighten the darkness of the night and warm everyone present at the scene.On such a brilliant and marvelous night, the 19 (participate) are overjoyed by the grand spectacle and the atmosphere of celebration. Young men and women sin

8、g and dance hand in hand around the bonfire 20 (express) their gratitude for a life of plenty and good wishes for the coming year.（2023秋江苏高三江苏省前黄高级中学校考阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Stall holders (小摊贩) at 21 bustling night market in Dongyang, Zhejiang province, now have one less thing to worry

9、 about after the local trade union federation helped establish a child care center, which spend the same amount of time on a daily basis tending their youngsters as they do 22 (earn) bread and butter at night.The center 23 (launch) in June on Zhenxing Road to help relieve the pressure on many of tho

10、se running its 435 street stalls, many of 24 are migrant workers from around the country 25 local relatives to help take care of their children.During a visit 26 (early) this year to the crowded and noisy market in the 27 (city) Wuning subdistrict, Mao Fenghua, head of the local trade union federati

11、on, found a child doing homework near a street stall. “The night market is noisy and crowded. It is hard for the children to keep their attention 28 (focus) on their studies with all the noise, and the parents will never be able to concentrate on their business 29 they have to look after their child

12、ren,” she said.Mao visited every stall along the road to learn about 30 (convenient) facing the parents. One of these was Xia Qiongfang, from Hubei province, who sells screen protectors for mobile devices at the night market alongside her husband.（2023秋江苏镇江高三统考开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Hu

13、izhou enjoys a time-honored history. In 2000, Xidi and the nearby Hongcun village were declared World Heritage sites by UNESCO for their outstanding preservation of rural architecture 31 (date) back to the Ming and Qing dynasties.Huizhou houses are often wooden structures with brick walls, which req

14、uire a lot of maintenance. Moreover, daylight is valued in Huizhou houses, which is reflected in the building of open interior courtyards, 32 (allow) sunshine to enter the rooms. Now, walking along the bluestone streets there, visitors can appreciate the distinctive Huizhou-style houses featuring wh

15、ite walls, dark tiles (瓦片) and layered horse-head roofs, 33 feel like they are immersed in a traditional Chinese ink painting.The tourism boom helps to protect and breathe life into the ancient village. A 34 (symbol) paifang, standing at the entrance to Xidi, 35 (build) in the 16th century in memory

16、 of Hu Wenguang, 36 Ming Dynasty official born in the village who made great 37 (contribute) to local education and livelihoods. It is the local peoples desire to protect the local historical characteristics that leads to the buildings 38 (preserve) to this day. Besides ancient dwellings and paifang

17、, there stand some ancestral halls 39 clans (宗族，家族) will gather to make sacrifices to their ancestors. With their own unique and marketable value, all these old Huizhou buildings are giving full play 40 their distinctive cultural charm.（2023江苏高三竞赛）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。This “dazzling” anim

18、ation, Suzume (铃芽之旅), from Japanese director Makoto Shinkai has already become 41 box-office hit around the world, and deservedly so. An unconventional “teen romance”, it follows Suzume, a 16-year-old 42 mother was killed in an earthquake some years ago. One day when she 43 (cycle) to school, she bu

19、mps into a handsome student named Souta, who turns out to be a “Closer” a person 44 (charge) with “closing doors to another world”. When “a Ginormous, city-destroying worm” escapes from that other world. Souta and Suzume must join forces to stop it. “There is a touch of Stranger Things” to this “ric

20、h” tale, which mines the “trauma felt by the young 45 (follow) Japans 2011 earthquake and tsunami”; and the result is “extraordinary enough to appeal 46 even non-anime fans”. The film has rather a lot of chase sequences which become “repetitive”; but it has real merit. With its “stark warnings about

21、 the real risk of ecological disaster”, Suzume is a “powerful coming-of-age tale 47 plucks at the heartstrings” while delivering some real laughs along the way. It is beautiful to look at too. An “epic adventure about hormone-fuelled teenagers facing up to 48 (environment) destruction”, the film is

22、sometimes a “little too worthy for its own good”. Still, it has “boundless ambition, and the courage 49 (place) weighty issues 50 the heart of a kids film”.（2023江苏统考一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Consisting of a bamboo frame and a 51 (delicate) painted paper surface, Chinese oil-paper umbrellas

23、have long been viewed as a symbol of Chinas tradition of cultural craftsmanship and poetic beauty. Not just are they an instrument to keep off rain or sunlight, but also works of art 52 (possess)rich cultural significance and aesthetic(美的)value. The first oil-paper umbrellas appeared during Eastern

24、Han Dynasty (25-220).Later,they 53 (bring) overseas to Japan and ancient Korea during the Tang Dynasty (618-907),which is 54 they were known as “Tang umbrellas”.It takes quite a lot of time and effort to make a traditional Chinese oil-paper umbrella 55 hand. For example,in Fenshui township in Luzhou

25、, Sichuan Province,craftsmenmust complete more than 90 steps and use over 100 different tools 56 (create) a single handmade oil-paper umbrella.Since the appearance of modern mechanical umbrellas, traditional oil-paper umbrellas 57 (suffer) from declining sales, while 58 number of craftsmen has been

26、on thedecrcase. Fortunately, with the 59 (include) of Fenshui oil-paper umbrellas as one ofChinas national intangible cultural heritages in 2008, things have been improving. These greatitems appear in many fashion shows and media publications due to the positive publicity 60 they have received.（2023

27、江苏统考一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Nature has always fascinated me. To brighten up the urban environment, there is nothing better 61 some attractive plants and flowers.Growing up, I was always fortunate to be around well-tended gardens. My grandfather could actually have been considered to be qu

28、ite “green-fingered”, as there were always impressive flowers in his garden. I had been a passive 62 (admire) of the work done by him and gardeners generally until quite recently, 63 I decided to turn my hand to cultivating some plants. 64 my grandfather, I only have a small balcony on which to cond

29、uct my activities, but that has not discouraged me in the slightest. Its possible to make a nice “garden” even in the most 65 (limit) space, but one must also limit ones ambitions to a certain extent. I decided to take the seeds of one humble little tomato and plant them in a number of pots. After s

30、everal weeks, I 66 (amaze) by the results. I now have about 15 tomato plants on my balcony in different stages of 67 (grow).Its 68 rewarding sight to see this greenery on my balcony. I keep my fingers crossed that one day this little bit of nature will give me something very practical: some nice 69

31、(taste) tomatoes. Its also very rewarding to be engaging in a practice which is as old as time itself, as plant life is 70 (essential) the most basic and oldest technology on our planet.（2023春江苏南通高三海安高级中学校考开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。During Chinas dynastic period, emperors planned the city

32、of Beijing 71 arranged the residential areas according to social classes. The term “hutong”, originally 72 (mean) “water well” in Mongolian, appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty . In the Ming Dynasty, the center was the Forbidden City, 73 (surround) in concentric (同心的) circles by the Inner City an

33、d Outer City. Citizens of higher social status 74 (permit) to live closer to the center of the circles. The large siheyuan of these high-ranking officials and wealthy businessmen often 75 (feature) beautifully carved and painted roof beams and pillars. The hutongs they formed were orderly, lined by

34、76 (space) homes and walled gardens. Farther from the center lived the commoners and laborers. Their siheyuan were far smaller in scale and simpler in design and decoration, and the hutongs were narrower.Hutongs represent an important cultural element of the city of Beijing. Thanks to Beijings long

35、history 77 capital for six dynasties, almost every hutong has its stories, and some are even associated with historic 78 (event). In contrast to the court life and upper-class culture, 79 are represented by the Forbidden City, Summer Palace, and the Temple of Heaven, the hutongs reflect 80 culture o

36、f grassroots Beijingers.参考答案：1that 2which 3cherished 4like 5confidence 6ourselves 7what 8and 9to take 10will be【导语】本文是一篇说明文,文章主要讲述的是个人如何实现独立，走向成熟。1考查强调句型。句意：正是从依赖到独立的成长使我们走向成熟。此处是强调句型it is.that.结构。故填that。2考查定语从句。句意：独立是自由的另一个词，这是所有人都珍视的普遍价值。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是freedom，指代事物，用关系代词which引导，在从句中作主语。故填which。3

37、考查非谓语动词。句意：独立是自由的另一个词，这是所有人都珍视的普遍价值。该句的谓语是is，空处应用非谓语动词，cherish与名词value之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填cherished。4考查介词。句意：自由就像在开阔的天空中漂浮的白云，像在树林中快乐绽放的花朵。be like“像”为固定句型。故填like。5考查名词。句意：我们首先必须对自己有信心。由分析句子成分可知，此处应用名词confidence (不可数)作have的宾语。故填confidence。6考查反身代词。句意：我们首先必须对自己有信心。根据句意，句子主语与宾语一样，空处应用We的反身代词形式，作介词in的宾

38、语。故填ourselves。7考查名词性从句。句意：我们应该相信生活，相信我们自己的能力，知道什么是对的，什么是错的，做什么决定，如何解决问题。由分析句子成分可知，空处及后面是understand的宾语从句，宾语从句中缺少主语。用连接代词引导宾语从句，作is的主语。故填what。8考查并列连词。句意：我们应该相信生活，相信我们自己的能力，知道什么是对的，什么是错的，做什么决定，如何解决问题。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，空处应用并列连词，连接7 is right and wrong和what decision to make与how to solve problems三个并列宾语。故填and。9

39、考查非谓语动词。句意：我们也必须有足够的勇气为我们的决定和行动负责。当我们变得独立时，我们才会真正成熟。根据句意可知，空处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to take。10考查时态。句意：我们也必须有足够的勇气为我们的决定和行动负责。当我们变得独立时，我们才会真正成熟。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，时间状语从句指向将来的某个时间点，故主句用一般将来时。故填will be。11that/which 12such 13in 14made 15is decorated 16comes 17dressed 18excitedly 19participants 20to express【导语】本文是一篇说

40、明文。文章介绍少数民族火把节。11考查定语从句。句意：彝族认为火具有驱邪驱鬼的神力。此处a superhuman power是先行词，指物，在后面的限制性定语从句中作主语，定语从句由关系代词that/which引导。故填that/which。12考查结果状语从句。句意：他们与火有着如此特殊的关系，他们称自己为“火族”。根据句中a special relationship，可知由such修饰，且such与后面的that构成结果状语从句，suchthat意为“如此以致于”。故填such。13考查介词。句意：节日期间，直径20-30厘米的火炬被替换为房屋前的立柱 。表示“在直径上”用介词in。故填i

41、n。14考查过去分词。句意：在村庄的入口处，有一座高大的“火炬塔”，高20多米，由松枝和干木柴制成，上面装饰着鲜花和水果。设空处与a grand “torch tower”之间是被动关系，用过去分词。故填made。15考查一般现在时的被动语态和主谓一致。句意：在村庄的入口处，有一座高大的“火炬塔”，高20多米，由松枝和干木柴制成，上面装饰着鲜花和水果。该句在描述一个客观事实，且句子主语a grand “torch tower”为第三人称单数，和谓语动词decorate之间是被动关系，是一般现在时的被动语态。故填is decorated。16考查一般现在时。句意：最后，带着期待和祝福，期待已久的

42、时刻到来了。该句是全部倒装，在描述一个客观事实，句子用一般现在时，且主语是单数第三人称形式，所以谓语动词用动词的第三人称单数形式。故填comes。17考查过去分词作后置定语。句意：晚饭后，夜幕降临，老老少少穿着最隆重、最华丽的服装，装饰着闪闪发光的饰品，兴奋地涌向“火炬塔”广场。固定短语：be dressed in“穿着，戴着”，此处是形容词短语作后置定语。故填dressed。18考查副词。句意：晚饭后，夜幕降临，老老少少穿着最隆重、最华丽的服装，装饰着闪闪发光的饰品，兴奋地涌向“火炬塔”广场。此处是副词修饰动词rush。故填excitedly。19考查名词复数。句意：在这样一个辉煌而奇妙的夜

43、晚，参加者为这壮观的场面和庆祝的气氛而欣喜若狂。此处用名词复数作主语。故填participants。20考查不定式作目的状语。句意：青年男女手拉手围着篝火唱歌跳舞，以表达他们对丰饶生活的感激之情和对来年的美好祝愿。此处是动词不定式作目的状语。故填to express。21a 22earning 23was launched 24whom 25without 26earlier 27citys 28focused 29if 30inconvenience【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。针对东阳市一个夜市上摊贩们既要挣钱又要照顾孩子的两难困境，当地总工会建立了一个托儿中心帮助他们照顾孩子。21考查冠词

44、。句意：在浙江省东阳市一个熙熙攘攘的夜市上，摊贩们现在少了一件担心的事情，因为当地工会联合会帮助建立了一个托儿中心，每天花在照顾孩子上的时间和他们晚上挣面包和黄油的时间一样多。空处应为不定冠词表示泛指，且空后词“bustling”为辅音音素开头，故应为a。故填a。22考查非谓语动词。句意：在浙江省东阳市一个熙熙攘攘的夜市上，摊贩们现在少了一件担心的事情，因为当地工会联合会帮助建立了一个托儿中心，每天花在照顾孩子上的时间和他们晚上挣面包和黄油的时间一样多。分析句子成分可知，“as”引导的是定语从句，指代先行词“time”在从句中充当“do”的宾语，而“do”使用了省略，指的是本句中的“spend

45、”，所以，照应固定搭配spend time (in) doing sth“花费时间做某事”。空处应为doing形式作宾语。故填earning。23考查谓语动词。句意：该中心于6月在振兴路上启动，以帮助减轻435个街头摊位经营者的压力，其中许多人是来自全国各地的外来务工人员，没有当地亲戚帮助照顾他们的孩子。分析句子成分可知，空处应为主句的谓语动词。根据时间状语“in June”，应为一般过去时；且照应主语“The center”和提示词之间为被动关系，故用被动语态；且应为单数。故填was launched。24考查连词。句意：该中心于6月在振兴路上启动，以帮助减轻435个街头摊位经营者的压力，其

46、中许多人是来自全国各地的外来务工人员，没有当地亲戚帮助照顾他们的孩子。分析句子成分可知，空处应为引导非限制性定语从句的连接代词，指代先行词“many”，指人，且在从句中充当介词“of”的宾语。故填whom。25考查介词。句意：该中心于6月在振兴路上启动，以帮助减轻435个街头摊位经营者的压力，其中许多人是来自全国各地的外来务工人员，没有当地亲戚帮助照顾他们的孩子。分析句子成分可知，空处应为介词。照应句意，这些摊贩们的孩子在街头写作业，说明没有当地亲戚帮助照顾他们的孩子，所以应为词义为“没有”的介词。故填without。26考查副词。句意：今年早些时候，当地总工会主席毛凤华在参观武宁这个拥挤嘈杂

47、的市场时，发现一个孩子在街边摊位附近做作业。根据句意“今年更早时候”可知，应为比较级。故填earlier。27考查所有格。句意：今年早些时候，当地总工会主席毛凤华在参观武宁这个拥挤嘈杂的市场时，发现一个孩子在街边摊位附近做作业。根据空后名词“Wuning subdistrict”可知，空处应为名词的所有格形式，作定语。故填citys。28考查非谓语动词。句意：孩子们很难把注意力集中在学习上，如果父母要照顾孩子，他们就永远无法集中精力在生意上。空处应为非谓语动词，且和宾语“attention”之间为动宾关系，故应为done形式作宾语补足语。故填focused。29考查连词。句意：孩子们很难把注意

48、力集中在学习上，如果父母要照顾孩子，他们就永远无法集中精力在生意上。分析句子成分可知，空处应为连词，且结合句意，从句为主句的条件，故应为if引导的条件状语从句。故填if。30考查名词。句意：毛走访了沿路的每一个摊位，了解家长们所面临的不便。根据空前介词“about”可知，应为名词形式作宾语，inconvenience为不可数名词。故填inconvenience。31dating 32allowing 33and 34symbolic 35was built 36a 37contributions 38being preserved 39where 40to【导语】这是一篇说明文。由于对明清时期

49、乡村建筑的出色保存，西递和附近的宏村被联合国教科文组织宣布为世界遗产，文章对其具有历史特色的乡村建筑进行了介绍。31考查现在分词。句意：2000年，因为对明清时期乡村建筑的出色保存，西递和附近的宏村被联合国教科文组织宣布为世界遗产。动词短语date back意为“追溯到”，和系动词之间没有连词，和逻辑主语architecture构成主动关系，所以应用现在分词形式作后置定语。故填dating。32考查现在分词。句意：此外，徽州房屋重视日光，这体现在开放的室内庭院的建筑上，这可以让阳光进入房间。动词allow意为“允许”，和系动词之间没有连词，和逻辑主语“open interior courtya

50、rds”构成主动关系，所以应用现在分词形式。故填allowing。33考查连词。句意：现在，走在那里的青石街道上，游客可以欣赏到独特的徽州风格的房子，白墙、黑瓦、分层的马头屋顶，感觉自己沉浸在一幅传统的中国水墨画中。“can appreciate”和“feel like”构成并列关系，所以应用连词and连接两个并列谓语。故填and。34考查形容词。句意：16世纪，为纪念明朝官员胡文光，西递村入口处有一座象征性的牌坊，胡文光出生于西递村，为当地的教育和生计做出了巨大贡献。此处作定语应用形容词symbolic表示“象征性的”。故填symbolic。35考查一般过去时的被动语态和主谓一致。句意：16

51、世纪，为纪念明朝官员胡文光，西递村入口处有一座象征性的牌坊，胡文光出生于西递村，为当地的教育和生计做出了巨大贡献。根据“in the 16th century”可知，此处应用一般过去时。动词build意为“建立”，和主语构成被动关系。主语paifang为第三人称单数。故填was built。36考查冠词。句意：16世纪，为纪念明朝官员胡文光，西递村入口处有一座象征性的牌坊，胡文光出生于西递村，为当地的教育和生计做出了巨大贡献。official意为“官员”，为可数名词，此处“Ming Dynasty official”为第一次出现，所以应用不定冠词表示泛指。Ming的开头发音为辅音，所以不定冠词

52、应用a。故填a。37考查名词复数。句意：16世纪，为纪念明朝官员胡文光，西递村入口处有一座象征性的牌坊，胡文光出生于西递村，为当地的教育和生计做出了巨大贡献。make contributions to意为“对做出贡献”，为固定搭配，所以此处应用名词复数contributions表示“贡献”作宾语。故填contributions。38考查动名词的被动语态。句意：正是当地人希望保护当地历史特色的愿望，使得这些建筑得以保存至今。lead to sb doing意为“导致某人做某事”，为固定搭配，动词preserve意为“保存”，和逻辑主语buildings构成被动关系，所以此处应用动名词的被动语态形

53、式。故填being preserved。39考查定语从句。句意：除了古老的民居和牌坊，还有一些宗祠，宗族会聚集在那里祭祀他们的祖先。在定语从句中不缺少主语、宾语或表语，且先行词为ancestral halls，所以应用关系副词where。故填where。40考查介词。句意：这些徽州老建筑以其独特的市场价值，充分发挥着其独特的文化魅力。give full play to意为“充分发挥”，为固定搭配，所以此处应用介词to。故填to。41a 42whose 43is cycling 44charged 45following 46to 47that/which 48environmental 49t

54、o place 50at【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了电影铃芽之旅世界范围票房大卖，讲述了电影概况以及想要表达的思想。41考查冠词。句意：来自日本导演Makoto Shinkai的“耀眼”动画铃芽之旅世界范围票房大卖，这是理所当然的。hit为泛指，且box-office是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词a。故填a。42考查定语从句。句意：这部非传统的“青少年罗曼史”讲述了16岁的苏梅的故事，她的母亲几年前在一场地震中丧生。限制性定语从句修饰先行词Suzume, a 16-year-old，先行词与从句主语mother之间是所属关系，关系词替代先行词在从句中作定语，所以用关系代词w

55、hose。故填whose。43考查时态。句意：一天，当她骑自行车去学校的时候，她遇到了一个名叫Souta的英俊学生，他原来是一个“关闭者”一个负责“关闭另一个世界的门”的人。该空是从句谓语动词，动作cycle是由she发出，She和cycle是主动关系，后文主句谓语bumps用的是一般现在时，该空表正在进行的动作，因此这里要用现在进行时。故填is cycling。44考查非谓语动词。句意：一天，当她骑自行车去学校的时候，她遇到了一个名叫Souta的英俊学生，他原来是一个“关闭者”一个负责“关闭另一个世界的门”的人。分析句子结构可知，逻辑主语person和非谓语动词charge (赋予职责或任务

56、)之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填charged。45考查非谓语动词。句意：这个“丰富”的故事“有点怪奇物语的味道”，挖掘了“2011年日本地震和海啸后的年轻人所感受到的创伤”；结果是“非凡到足以吸引非动漫迷”。分析句子结构可知，逻辑主语The young和非谓语动词follow之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作后置定语。故填following。46考查固定短语。句意：这个“丰富”的故事“有点怪奇物语的味道”，挖掘了“2011年日本地震和海啸后的年轻人所感受到的创伤”；结果是“非凡到足以吸引非动漫迷”。短语appeal to表示“吸引”。故填to。47考查定语从句。句意：铃芽之旅“对生

57、态灾难的真实风险提出了严厉的警告”，是一部“扣人心弦的强大成长故事”，同时也给观众带来了一些真正的笑声。限制性定语从句修饰先行词tale，先行词指物，关系词在从句作主语，故用关系代词that/which。故填that/which。48考查形容词。句意：这部电影是一部“关于荷尔蒙刺激的青少年面对环境破坏的史诗般的冒险”，有时“有点太值得了”。修饰名词destruction用形容词environmental作定语。故填environmental。49考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管如此，它仍有“无限的野心，以及将重大问题置于儿童电影核心的勇气”。place用不定式形式作名词courage的后置定语。故填

58、to place。50考查介词短语。句意：尽管如此，它仍有“无限的野心，以及将重大问题置于儿童电影核心的勇气”。at the heart of表示“在的核心或在的心中”。故填at。51delicately 52possessing 53were brought 54why 55by 56to create 57have suffered 58the 59inclusion 60that/which【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了中国传统油纸伞的历史、工艺和现状等。51考查副词。句意：中国油纸伞由竹制框架和精美的纸面组成，长期以来一直被视为中国传统文化工艺和诗意美的象征。空处修饰形容词p

59、ainted，应填副词形式delicately作状语，表示“精美地”。故填delicately。52考查现在分词。句意：它们不仅是遮风挡雨的工具，而且是具有丰富文化意义和美学价值的艺术品。分析句子可知，空处作后置定语修饰名词短语works of art，且与其逻辑主语works of art为主动关系，所以应填现在分词possessing表主动，表示“拥有，具有”。故填possessing。53考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：后来，在唐朝(618-907年)，它们被带到海外的日本和古代朝鲜，这就是为什么它们被称为“唐伞”。根据时间状语during the Tang Dynasty，空处谓语动词

60、应填一般过去时，且与主语they之间为被动关系，要与主语they保持主谓一致，用复数。故填were brought。54考查表语从句。句意：后来，在唐朝(618-07年)，它们被带到海外的日本和古代朝鲜，这就是为什么它们被称为“唐伞”。分析句子可知，空处引导一个表语从句作系动词is的表语，且从句缺状语，应用连接副词引导，又根据句意可知，所以填连接副词why，表示“为什么”，符合语境。故填why。55考查介词。句意：手工制作一把传统的中国油纸伞需要花费相当多的时间和精力。by hand为固定搭配，表示“手工地”。故填by。56考查不定式。句意：例如，在四川泸州汾水镇，工匠们必须完成90多个步骤，

61、使用100多种不同的工具才能制作出一把手工油纸伞。此处涉及固定句型use sth. to do，表示“用某物做某事”，用不定式作目的状语。故填to create。57考查现在完成时。句意：自从现代机械伞出现以来，传统油纸伞的销量一直在下降，而工匠的数量也在减少。根据时间状语Since the appearance of modern mechanical umbrellas可知，空处谓语动词应用现在完成时，表示过去的动作或状态持续到现在，可能持续发生下去。且要与主语traditional oil-paper umbrellas保持主谓一致，用复数，即have suffered。故填have s

62、uffered。58考查定冠词。句意：自从现代机械伞出现以来，传统油纸伞的销量一直在下降，而工匠的数量也在减少。空处涉及固定结构the number of，表示“.的数量”。故填the。59考查名词。句意：幸运的是，随着2008年汾水油纸伞被列入中国国家级非物质文化遗产名录，情况有所改善。空处由定冠词the修饰，应填名词inclusion，表示“包含，纳入”，不可数名词。故填inclusion。60考查定语从句。句意：由于受到了积极的宣传，这些伟大的作品出现在许多时装表演和媒体出版物中。分析句子可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，代替先行词publicity，指物，并在从句中作received的宾语

63、，故填关系代词that或者which。故填that/which。61than 62admirer 63when 64Unlike 65limited 66was amazed 67growth 68a 69tasty 70essentially【导语】这是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了在阳台自己种植西红柿的经历。61考查介词。句意：要点亮城市环境，没有什么比一些迷人的植物和花卉更好的了。根据空前的“better”可知，此处表示比较，应用介词than引出比较对象。故填than。62考查名词。句意：我一直对他和其他园丁所做的工作持消极的赞赏态度，直到最近，我决定转而种植一些植物。由空前的a可知，此处应填名

64、词单数，主语I指人，故用名词admirer“赞赏者，钦佩者”，可数名词，此处用单数形式，故填admirer。63考查定语从句。句意同上。分析句子可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是quite recently，关系词在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when。故填when。64考查介词。句意：与祖父不同的是，我只有一个小阳台，可以在上面进行我的活动，但这并没有让我气馁。结合句意可知，此处指“不像，与不同”，用介词unlike，首字母应大写。故填Unlike。65考查形容词。句意：即使在有限的空间里，也有可能打造出一个漂亮的“花园”，但也必须在一定程度上限制自己的野心。此处应填形容词作定语，修

65、饰名词space，limited有限的，形容词。故填limited。66考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：几个星期后，我对结果感到惊讶。结合“by the results”可知，主语I和动词amaze之间是被动关系，且此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主要表示单数意义，be动词用was。故填was amazed。67考查名词。句意：我现在在阳台上种了大约15株不同生长阶段的番茄。此处应填名词作介词of的宾语，growth生长，不可数名词。故填growth。68考查不定冠词。句意：在我的阳台上看到这些绿色植物真是值得一看。sight景象，是可数名词，此处表示泛指，应用不定冠词，re

66、warding首字母的发音为辅音音素。故填a。69考查形容词。句意：我一直在祈祷，有一天，这一点点大自然会给我一些非常实用的东西：一些美味的西红柿。空处应填形容词作定语，修饰名词tomatoes，tasty美味的，形容词。故填tasty。70考查副词。句意：从事一项与时间本身一样古老的实践也是非常有益的，因为植物生命本质上是我们星球上最基本、最古老的技术。空处作状语修饰句子，应用副词形式，故填essentially。71and 72meaning 73surrounded 74were permitted 75featured 76spacious 77as 78events 79which

67、80the【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“胡同”的历史以及作用。71考查连词。句意：在中国的王朝时期，皇帝们规划了北京的城市，并根据社会阶层安排了居民区。此处动词plan与arrange为并列关系，应用连词and连接。故填and。72考查非谓语动词。句意：“胡同”一词最初在蒙语中是“水井”的意思，最早出现在元代。分析句子结构可知mean与逻辑主语hutong构成主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故填meaning。73考查非谓语动词。句意：在明朝，中心是紫禁城，内城和外城以同心圆环绕。分析句子结构可知surround与逻辑主语the Forbidden City构成被动关系，故用过去分词作

68、状语。故填surrounded。74考查时态语态。句意：社会地位较高的公民被允许住在离圈子中心更近的地方。主语与谓语构成被动关系，结合上文In the Ming Dynasty可知描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为Citizens of higher social status，谓语用复数。故填were permitted。75考查时态。句意：这些高级官员和富商的大型四合院经常以精美的屋顶梁和柱子为特色。空处为句子谓语动词，陈述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填featured。76考查形容词。句意：它们形成的胡同井然有序，两旁是宽敞的住宅和围墙花园。修饰后文名词homes应用形容

69、词spacious，作定语。故填spacious。77考查介词。句意：由于北京作为六朝都城的悠久历史，几乎每一条胡同都有它的故事，有些甚至与历史事件有关。后跟名词作宾语，表示“作为”应用介词as。故填as。78考查名词的数。句意：由于北京作为六朝都城的悠久历史，几乎每一条胡同都有它的故事，有些甚至与历史事件有关。event为可数名词，前文没有冠词故用复数形式。故填events。79考查定语从句。句意：与以紫禁城、颐和园、天坛为代表的宫廷生活和上层文化相比，胡同反映了草根北京人的文化。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词the court life and upper-class culture，从句缺少主语，指物，故填which。80考查冠词。句意：与以紫禁城、颐和园、天坛为代表的宫廷生活和上层文化相比，胡同反映了草根北京人的文化。此处特指“草根北京人”的文化，应用定冠词the。故填the。