专题02 阅读理解-冲刺2023年中考英语必考题型终极预测（浙江专用）.docx

1、冲刺2023年中考英语必考题型终极预测（浙江专用）专题02 阅读理解（2023浙江嘉兴校考二模）Last year, nearly one in seven Americans took part in Dry January, a big task to keep away from wine for a month. The idea is to reduce something harmful from drinking too much and start the new year in a healthier way. The 31-day exercise began as a p

2、ublic health event in the UK about eight years ago and has been growing ever since.Dry January is a way to improve your relationship with wine, says Keith Heinzerling, a medicine researcher in California. “Taking time away from drinking for a short period of time is easier for many people than going

3、 straight to a full control,” he says. “Even just a few weeks give you a fresh attitude about health and the chance to break bad habits you may have with wine.”_, according to Dr. Heinzerling. “Within just few days of not drinking, your blood pressure and heart beat will be lower, and youll have imp

4、roved blood sugar level, better sleep, and fewer worries,” he says.Another point is that quitting wine often makes other good habitsexercise and healthy eating, for exampleeasier to start and keep on, which in turn leads to more good effects.For those who are worrying they might not be able to contr

5、ol themselves not to drink, Dr. Heinzerling says, “An important sign is how you feel when you wake up in the morning. For example, Johnson, a drinker lover, who wakes up with coughing or a strong need for a drink, should not do Dry January without medical help,” he says.For everyonesocial drinkers a

6、nd possible problem drinkersone key to a positive Dry January is to see it not as a month of biting your teeth and getting through it until you can drink again, but rather the start of a healthier lifestyle overall.1According to the passage, Dry January is to _.Aadvise people to drink more wine in J

7、anuaryBdescribe the harm of drinking too much wineChelp people to drink less and start a healthier yearDintroduce the proper ways to keep away from wine2Which can best fill in the blank in Paragraph 3?APeople will see doctors more oftenBIts a sign of increasing the amount of sleepCThere are still ma

8、ny mental problems at presentDIt doesnt take long to start to see active changes3The underlined word “quitting” in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to _.Atrying outBgiving upCdepending onDpicking up4Whats the writers attitude towards Dry January?ASupportive.BDoubtful.CCareful.DObjective.（2023浙江温州校考

9、一模）In the 1800s, there was a metal that was even more valuable than gold. It is aluminum. Rich ladies wore jewelry made of aluminum. Kings served their guests on aluminum plates. However, aluminum is not rare. In fact, its the most common metal. Only it was difficult to get it. For a long time, no o

10、ne knew how to get it out of bauxite. As far back as the 1700s, scientists thought bauxite held metal. But they didnt know what kind. They tried heating the rock to different temperatures. They also put into acids and salts. But no luck. Finally, in 1825 they managed to get a little aluminum. It too

11、k another 20 years to get the metal, although in a very small amount. In 1884, an American named Charles Hall was in chemistry class when his teacher handed around a piece of aluminum. He told the students that they could change the world and get rich if they could invent a cheaper way to make it. C

12、harles Hall did it. The main challenge was how to separate the aluminum from oxygen. Aluminum really, really likes oxygen. Aluminum and oxygen will stick together even at very high heat. Halls way was to add electricity to knock oxygen and aluminum apart. Meanwhile, in France, chemist Paul Heroult h

13、ad exactly the same idea! They shared credit for the discovery. The Hall-Heroult Process is still used today. And Halls aluminum company became the largest in the world. Soon there was cheap aluminum for all. Engineers loved it. Aluminum is light and strong. Mixing aluminum with other metals can mak

14、e them lighter and stronger. Today, aluminum is all around us, in cars, airplanes, buildings, bikes, computers, cooking pots, soda cans, and much more. Whats more, _. Getting new aluminum from old aluminum products uses 90% less energy. Its much cheaper and creates less pollution. In fact, thanks to

15、 recycling, 75% of all aluminum ever produced is still in use! So the next time you see an old soda can, dont think of it as trash. Think of it as one of Earths most valuable metals, even if it doesnt cost as much as gold now.5According to the passage, aluminum _ in the past.Awas not liked by wealth

16、y peopleBwas not a common metal on the earthCwas not easy to get out of bauxiteDwas not as valuable as gold in the 1800s6Different from others, Hall used _ to get aluminum in a cheaper way.AsaltsBiceCheatDelectricity7Which of the following can be put into _ in Paragraph 8?Aaluminum is easy to makeBa

17、luminum is easy to recycleCaluminum products can be used for a long timeDaluminum products dont cost much money now8What is the best title for the passage?AThe Common Rock BauxiteBThe Great Chemist Charles HallCThe Magical Metal AluminumDThe Helpful Idea Hall-Heroult Process（2023浙江杭州统考一模）Everyone wa

18、nts to be happy, but sometimes it can be difficult to feel happiness. Thats because we have misunderstandings about happiness that can get in the way. The good news is that changing the way you think about happiness can help you to feel more joy each day. Dr. Mark Williamson from the charity Action

19、for Happiness says, “Happiness is not about denying (拒绝承认) terrible feelings or being joyful all the time. Its about making the most of good times and learning to deal with bad times.” Dr. Francesca Geens believes that happiness comes when we feel good about who we are and where our life is going. N

20、oticing when you feel happy and what youre doing or whats happening at that time can help you to find more happiness. For example, you may realize that working out a difficult puzzle makes you feel better than watching a favorite TV show. What helps you to feel happy might be different from what mak

21、es someone else happy. Start a list of things that make you happy and keep adding to it as you discover new ones. Make time to do what you know makes you happy and remember that joy isnt only found in what you do for yourselfbeing kind and thoughtful to other people helps you feel happier, too. Ther

22、e are misunderstandings that can make it hard to feel happy. One is that its selfish to be happy when other people are sad. However, stopping yourself from being happy doesnt make other people less sad. In fact, research has shown that happy people spread happiness to others. Another thing is thinki

23、ng that you need lots of money and things to be happy. Studies have shown that when people win the lottery (彩票), they feel a short burst of happiness but they soon return to feeling the same as they did before they won. So its important to notice the simple things that make you feel happy.9What can

24、we learn from the text about happiness?AIts easy for everyone to feel happiness.BIts necessary to deny bad feelings.CIt means you dont go through bad times.DIt comes when we feel good about ourselves.10How does the author explain the way to feel more joy in Paragraph 3?ABy telling a story.BBy asking

25、 a question.CBy giving an example.DBy comparing two facts.11What can be learned from the text?AStop being happy when others are sad.BHappiness can also lie in the simple things.CHelping others has nothing to do with happiness.DWinning Lottery can make you happy for a very long time.12Which of the fo

26、llowing shows the structure of the text?ABCD（2023浙江模拟预测）Scientists have known for a long time that humans and other apes (类人猿) have many physical similarities. Now, new research has shown that we may also share a language because we use the same physical gestures (手势) to communicate.Researchers alre

27、ady knew that great apes use more than 80 gestures to communicate with each other. Touching each other, or holding hands is a way of greeting, while pointing their fingers down beside them means “come here”. The apes might also ask for food from each other by cupping (做杯状) a hand under another apes

28、face.To test whether humans can understand these gestures, some scientists from the University of St Andres in Scotland brought 5,656 volunteers together. The scientists showed them 20 videos of apes making gestures. After watching each video, the volunteers had to guess what the apes gestures were

29、communicating. The scientists gave some information to one group of volunteers, letting them know what the apes had been doing before they made each gesture. This group correctly guessed the meaning of the gestures 57% of the time. The other people, who were not given information about the apes acti

30、vities, still succeeded 52% of the time. This suggests that humans seem to understand what apes gestures mean.Scientists need to do more work to find out exactly why humans understand the gestures. Researcher Kirsty Graham said that both humans and apes probably inherited (继承) the gestures from our

31、last common ancestor. It is also possible that although humans have a spoken language, we kept our ability to use gestures to communicate. “In future, we hope to learn more about how gestures develop through the apes lifetimes,” Dr Graham added.13What does an ape probably mean by holding another ape

32、s hands?AAsking for food.BAsking for help.CSaying “hello”.DSaying “goodbye”.14How does the writer show the results of the research in Paragraph 3?ABy raising questions.BBy using numbers.CBy listing reasons.DBy telling a story.15Why do people seem to understand some of the apes gestures according to

33、Graham?ABecause scientists have studied apes for quite a long time.BBecause humans use gestures to communicate with apes.CBecause the apes learned the gestures from the scientists.DBecause humans and apes share a last common ancestor.16What will the researchers study in future according to Graham?AI

34、n what other ways apes can communicate.BHow gestures change through apes lives.CHow humans communicate with gestures.DWhat similarities humans share with apes.（2023浙江绍兴统考一模）Reading peoples minds seems to be a superpower that only happens in movies. But scientists have now made it possible to read pe

35、oples mind! Researchers at the University of California, San Francisco developed a new instrument. It can turn brainwaves into words on a screen in front of the user. In the study, they tested it with a paralyzed (瘫痪的) man. “To our knowledge, its the first time to directly decode (解码) full words fro

36、m the brain of someone who is paralyzed and cannot speak,” said Edward Chang, the senior author of the study. Each year, thousands of people lose the ability to speak because of accidents or illnesses. With up to 93 percent being correct the new instrument shows “strong promise” to let these people

37、fully communicate in the future.One problem with such mind-reading machines, however, is that they have to put electrodes (电极) into peoples brains. Its inconvenient and has health risks. But scientists from the University of Texas, US, have taken steps to change this. They tried to read peoples thou

38、ghts without even touching their heads, reported Live Science.The new brain scanning (扫描) method is called FMRI, its a safer way of “reading” brain activity. Since active brain cells (细胞) are easier to be read. By tracking them, scientists can read brain activity. The team asked people in the test t

39、o listen to 16 hours of radio shows while scanning their brains. Then they used a computer algorithm (算法) to create a story based on the FMRI recording. It matched the radio shows pretty well.In other tests, the algorithm could basically explain the story of a silent movie that the people in the tes

40、t watched. It could even retell a story that the people imagined in their heads. Although its not a word-for-word translation, the method-FMRI shows many possibilities.17From Paragraph 1 and Paragraph 2, we know that the new instrument can _.Ateach paralyzed men to speakBhelp to read peoples mindsCm

41、ake people become strongerDchange peoples way to think18It can be learned that FMRI _.Ahas fewer health risksBputs more electrodes into brainsCcosts much less moneyDcan make brains more active19The underlined word “It” in Paragraph 5 refers to _.Athe computerBthe testCthe storyDthe movie20Which is t

42、he best title for the passage?AMachines speaking for peopleBSuperpowers appearing in moviesCSkills communicating with futureDComputers offering new algorithm（2023浙江宁波统考一模）With the development of technology over the years, people have more ways to get the news around the world. Newspaper, TV and radi

43、o news are popular among the older age groups, but many young people prefer social media (社交媒体) apps such as Instagram; TikTok or YouTube to get the latest news.A recent report shows that the number of people in the UK watching news on TikTok in 2022 is 3.9 million, up from 800,000 in 2020. And 29%

44、of UK teenagers use Instagram to get the news. But are social media apps a proper news source (来源)?For some, especially youngsters, social media apps are a great way to get news. Many people use social media apps every day, so they can quickly get the latest news on Instagram or TikTok.The news is a

45、lso shown in a user-friendly way, such as a short and lively post of video, which makes it easier to understand. This means people are more likely to take in more news than just reading about it.Social media apps can also bring you news stories that you cant find on TV or newspaper. They provide a p

46、latform for different voices, such as peoples experiences during big events._ In a recent report by Ofcom, a media regulator (监管机构) from the UK, 63% of TikTok users say they often get news that is clearly false. News from local newspaper or TV station is carefully checked before it comes out, but ot

47、her people who post news online might not do this.Besides, smart phones make it much easier to get more news and stories online, so it seems there is no stop of reading on social media apps. Research shows that people in the UK spent 108 minutes a day on social media apps. If people get their news f

48、rom a newspaper or the TV, they will get a much-needed social media break.News on social media may bring people an easy way to receive news. However, it still has a long way to go before it can finally become a suitable news source. Until then, people, especially youngsters, should think twice befor

49、e believing any news.21News on social media is _.Awelcome by the oldBhard to understandCquite fast to receiveDthe same as news on TV22Which of the following sentences can be put in the _?APeople think news online is important.BNews online can also be untrue.CPeople always believe news online.DWe can

50、t spend much time online.23The writer is _ about getting news on social media.AsupportiveBagreeableCthankfulDcareful24The structure of the passage may be _.ABCD（2023浙江绍兴统考一模）Last Wednesday, five hydrogen-powered(氢动力) trains began to make the 62 mile (100 kilometer) trip between Cuxhaven and Buxtehud

51、e in Germany. Its the worlds first fully hydrogen-powered train line. The new trains are part of a $92.5 million project by LNVG (Regional Transport Society of Lower Saxony).At present, most trains run on diesel(柴油) power. When diesel is burned, it creates CO2 and other polluting gases (气体). Thats t

52、he main reason many countries are trying to find energy choices that pollute less.Now the LNVG has decided that all the trains on the route will run on hydrogen. The trains, called Coradia iLint trains, are built by the French company, Alstom. LNVG has ordered a total of 14 of the hydrogen-powered t

53、rains, which are expected to replace 15 diesel-powered trains by the end of the year. “We will not buy any more diesel trains,” said Carmen Schwable, speaking for LNVG.Hydrogen is very common in the universe(宇宙). It can be used to create electricity by combining it with oxygen(氧) in a “fuel cell(燃料电

54、池)”. The oxygen comes from the air around the train. The best part is, when a fuel cell creates electricity, it doesnt create pollution.The Coradia iLint trains run on electricity created by hydrogen fuel cells. Because the motor is electric, the trains run almost silently. Thats good for people bot

55、h inside and outside the train.Theres a hydrogen station on the line to refuel the trains. But since the trains can go about 620 miles (1,000 kilometers) before they need more fuel, they only need to fill up once a day. The trains can go as fast as 90 mph (140 kph)-about the same as the diesel train

56、s they are replacing.Stefan Schrank, who works for Alstom, believes that Germany could replace up to 3,000 of its diesel trains with hydrogen-powered trains.25Many countries are trying to replace diesel-powered trains mainly because diesel-powered trains _.Aare only built in FranceBcause pollution t

57、o the earthCcan easily break downDwont be produced anymore26According to Paragraph 4, we can learn _.Ahow much hydrogen is needed when creating energyBwhy hydrogen is very common in the universeCwhat hydrogen is like when creating energyDhow hydrogen can be used to create energy27What do we know abo

58、ut Coradia iLint trains?AThey run on electricity.BThey run quite slowly.CThey make much noise.DThey need more fuel.28How might Carmen Schwable and Stefan Schrank feel about the future of the hydrogen-powered trains?AUnsure.BBored.CCertain.DWorried.（2023浙江绍兴统考一模）People who have spent time in other cu

59、ltures often talk about “reverse（反向的）culture shock”. If you leave your country for more than a short tourist trip and then go back home, you may feel it.What is “reverse culture shock”? Well, imagine the following: You have just adapted（适应）to a new culture and have come to enjoy life in it. You have

60、 made new friends and have had a great variety（多种多样）of new experiences. Then, sadly enough, its time to leave, but you are also very excited about going home. Arriving home is wonderfulseeing all the friends and relatives you havent seen, eating all the special foods, reading the newspapers and hear

61、ing music you havent heard in such a long time. But then after a few weeks, perhaps, things may not seem so “wonderful”. You may become critical of your home country where you have grown up. You may not like certain things or ideas. In your eyes, either you or your home country has changed so much t

62、hat you begin to worry.So some experts explain it like this: When a person lives in a different cultural environment for a period of time, experiences cultural shock and adapts to the foreign culture, when he returns to his motherland, he appears symptoms（症状）of not adapting to his own culture. Its a

63、 difficult period, and many people experience it after the excitement of coming home has worn off. Luckily, it doesnt usually last as long as adjustment（调整）to a new culture does.29From the passage, “reverse culture shock” connects with people who _.Aare living abroadBare going to make foreign friend

64、sCplan to study a different cultureDcome back from a foreign country30According to the writer, before going home, people always feel _.Asad but excitedBnervous but specialCwonderful but disappointedDsurprised but natural31After getting home, people probably dislike things or ideas they meet because

65、_.Atheir relatives keep away from themBthey can hardly read local newspapersCthey become worried about the changes around themDthey grow older and have little interest in everything32The last paragraph mainly tells us that people will _.Afind it difficult to travel aloneBfeel excited to listen to ol

66、d musicCcertainly come back to their normal lifeDbe lucky enough to learn about a new culture（2023浙江杭州统考一模）Many scientists believe our love of sugar may actually be an addiction (上瘾). When we eat or drink sugary foods, the sugar goes into our blood and influences the parts of our brain that make us

67、feel good. Then the good feeling goes away, leaving us wanting more. All tasty foods do this, but sugar has an especially strong influence. In this way, it is an addictive drug (药) that doctors advise we all cut down on.“It seems like every time I study an illness and follow a way to the first cause

68、, I find my way back to sugar,” says scientist Richard Tohnson. One-third of adults worldwide have high blood pressure, and up to 347 million have diabetes(糖尿病). Why? “Sugar, we believe, is one of the causes, if not the major cause,” says Johnson.Our bodies are designed to live on very little sugar.

69、 Early humans often had very little food, so our bodies learned to be very experienced in storing sugar as fat. In this way, we had energy stored for when there was no food. But today, most people have more than enough. So the very thing that once saved us may now be killing us.So what is the soluti

70、on? Its clear that we need to eat less sugar. The trouble is, in todays world, its pretty difficult to avoid. From breakfast cereals (谷物) to after-dinner desserts (甜点), our foods are increasingly filled with it. Some producers even use sugar to replace (代替) taste in foods that are advertised as low

71、in fat. So while the foods appear to be healthier, plenty of sugar are often added.But some people are fighting back against sugar and trying to create a healthier environment. Many schools are replacing sugary desserts with healthier choices, like fruit. Other schools are trying to encourage exerci

72、se by building facilities (设施), so students and others in the community can exercise. The war has not yet been lost.33Which of the following is an OPINION in the text?AUp to 347 million people in the world have diabetes.BOne-third of adults worldwide have high blood pressureCSugar influences parts o

73、f brain to make people feel good.DSugar is an addictive drug that people should cut down on.34What does the phrase “the very thing” in Paragraph 3 refer to?AStoring sugar as fat.BHaving less energy.CHaving no food to eat.DEating too much fat.35Why is it so hard to avoid sugar according to the text?A

74、People today hardly exercise.BWe get used to eating it at school.CIts in so many foods and drinks.DSome producers sell too much sugar.36What is the purpose of the text?ATo remind readers to take less sugar.BTo advise scientists to fight against sugar.CTo tell readers the illnesses caused by sugar.DT

75、o teach readers different ways to store sugar.（2023浙江杭州统考一模）ChatGPT was released (发布) late last year by company OpenAI. The technology chats in a conversational way, answering questions from users. The online chatbot (chat robot) has been trained on lots of information from the Internetit can have a

76、 human-like conversation answering questions, admitting (承认) mistakes and refusing to answer improper questions. Experts say it can be used to write articles, stories, poems and even solve computer problems. But there are limits (限制) to what it can do, which OpenAI admits. Sometimes it writes answer

77、s which are incorrect or dont make sense, and it sometimes guesses what the user has asked it instead of asking more follow-up questions to understand the questions better.ChatGPT is getting mixed opinions from people. Some think students might use it to cheat, while others think they should use the

78、 tool in the classroom to help children learn. Some people believe that _. In their opinion, just like when Google was created, people were unsure at first, but if teachers introduce the technology and teach students the advantages but also the disadvantages, that can help with their learning. In th

79、e USA, the New York City education office didnt allow ChatGPT to be used at school and its Internet. They did so because of “bad influence on students learning, and worries that the answers from ChatGPT are probably not safe or correct”.ChatGPTs ability to answer questions caused some users to wonde

80、r if it might take Googles place. Others asked if news reporters jobs were at risk. ChatGPT and other AI systems, have also raised a number of social risks, according to Carly Kind of the Ada Lovelace Institute, an independent research center to make sure AI works for people. Among the possible prob

81、lems of AI, Ms. Kind mainly worries that AI might store the false information forever.AI has a long way to go, and big ideas yet to discover. We will fall over along the way, and learn a lot from getting in touch with the real world.37What do we know about ChatGPT?AIt gives perfect answers to meet u

82、sers needs.BIts a chatbot that can answer questions from users.CIt asks follow-up questions to chat better with users.DIt looks like humans and chats with users as a servant.38Which of the following can be put in the “_” in Paragraph 2?Athe chatbot might do harm to teachingBthe chatbot should be wel

83、comedCthe chatbot has no meaning to studentsDthe chatbot might be better than Google39Which of the following questions does this text answer?AWhy was CharGPT created? BHow was ChatGPT invented?CWhat are the limits of ChatGPT?DWhen can ChatGPT be used at school?40Which of the following might be the w

84、riters opinion about ChatGPT?AChatGPT will bring problems and health risks to people.BChatGPT still needs time to work for people in a better way.CChatGPT will be changed by Google and never be used again.DChatGPT is a perfect invention and brings benefits to the world.（2023浙江绍兴统考一模）Shadow theater（皮

85、影戏）, one of the oldest performing arts in the world, appeared in China long before the invention of movies and televisions. The puppets（木偶）for the show are carved（雕刻）from the skins of cows, horses or sheep. Making puppets includes several steps, such as choosing materials, carving, painting, sewing

86、and inking. Performers use these puppets to tell different stories. In the past, the shadow theater was performed in the fields, with all performers hidden behind the scenes. Some controlled the puppets and sang, while others managed the music. A team was made up of six or seven people and a box of

87、puppets. When putting on a play at a market or square, performers would start the show after fixing light boxes and curtains（窗帘）. Shadow theater teams often performed up to 30 or 40 times a day, even into the night at times, and when the curtain fell, the performers packed up and moved on. Shadow th

88、eater is seen the oldest active film art in the world. Some people call shadow theater “the ancestor of the modern art of making films”. And among all the countrys branches（分支）, Beijing shadow theater stands out for its skills. Beijing shadow theater was divided into two schools: east and west. The

89、eastern-school disappeared very early, while the western-school appeared during the Ming Dynasty. In 1842, Lu Decheng passed down this art and set up Beijing Xiangshun Shadow Theater. Since then, the art of Beijing western-school shadow theater has been passed down generations of the Lu family. Shad

90、ow theater is a popular form of drama in China. It has interested the Chinese for centuries, bringing joy to them and raising their hopes.41According to the passage, which of the following is NOT the step to create puppets?AHeating.BPainting.CInking.DSewing.42What can be inferred about the performan

91、ce of shadow theater from Paragraph 2?AIt went on without music at first.BIt could be moved from place to place.CIt needed the teamwork of 30-40 people.DIt could only be performed during the day.43In Paragrah 4, the underlined words “this art” refer to _.ABeijing shadow theaterBBeijing Xiangshun Sha

92、dow TheaterCBeijing western-school shadow theaterDBeijing eastern-school shadow theater44This passage is mainly about the _ of shadow theater.AhistoryBachievementCintroductionDpopularity（2023浙江宁波统考一模）When we look at a picture of Earth from space, there are areas of green, blue, and white. Most peopl

93、e will recognize (辨认) that the green is land, the blue is water, and the white is clouds. Taken as a whole, Earth is mainly blue. That is because of the amount (数量) of water it has that covers the surface.So, how much of Earth is water? About 71% of Earths surface is covered in water. Of that 71%, t

94、he oceans hold 96.5% of the water. This water found in oceans is all salt water. The remaining 3.5% of the water is fresh water, which can be found in lakes, rivers, glaciers (冰川), and in the ground. Fresh water is what people use for farming, raising animals, drinking, and daily activities such as

95、taking showers and washing clothes or dishes.Does the amount of water stay the same? For the most part, yes. Water on Earth is part of a closed system (系统). That is, water is always moving and changing forms between ice, liquid, and gas. The form of the water changes all the time, but the total amou

96、nt of water on Earth remains the same.If Earth is not necessarily running out of water, why are people worried? Why do we need to think about saving water? First, humans can only use fresh water, which is only 3.5% of all of Earths water. Second, of this 3.5%, only 1% is available for human use. Mos

97、t fresh water is found in glaciers far from where anyone lives. Third, the amount of water that is useful for humans is being used faster than it can be cleaned and put back into the environment.Now, knowing the facts about water, it is our job to make sure we use Earths water in a good way.45The re

98、maining 3.5% of the water on Earth CANT be found in _.AoceansBlakesCglaciersDrivers46What does the writer mean by saying “Water on Earth is part of a closed system.”?AThe amount of water becomes smaller.BThe amount of water stays the same.CThe amount of water keeps changing.DThe amount of water beco

99、mes larger.47What can we learn from Paragraph 4?AHumans can use all the water on Earth.BMost fresh water is found in the ground.CHumans cant use 2.5% of the fresh water easily.DWater cant be cleaned and put back into the environment.48What is the main idea of the passage?AWhy Earth is in different c

100、olors.BWho uses the most water on Earth.CThe amount and types of Earths water.DHow to use water in a good way.参考答案：1D 2D 3B 4A【导语】本文主要介绍了“新年戒酒一个月”的活动。1推理判断题。根据“Dry January is a way to improve your relationship with wineyou may have with wine.”可知“新年戒酒一个月”是为了向我们介绍远离酒的正确方法。故选D。2细节理解题。根据“Within just few

101、 days of not drinking, your blood pressure and heart beat will be lower, and youll have improved blood sugar level, better sleep, and fewer worries”可知几天不喝酒，我们的身体就会发生改变。故选D。3词句猜测题。根据“makes other good habits”可知戒酒会养成其他好的习惯，因此quitting指的是“放弃”。故选B。4观点态度题。根据“For everyonesocial drinkers and possible problem

102、 a healthier lifestyle overall.(对于每个人来说，无论是社交饮酒者还是可能有问题的饮酒者而是一个整体健康生活方式的开始。)”可知作者的观点是支持“新年戒酒一个月”。故选A。5C 6D 7B 8C【导语】本文主要介绍了金属铝的提取发展过程和现在的应用。5细节理解题。根据“Only it was difficult to get it. For a long time, no one knew how to get it out of bauxite.”可知过去从铝土矿中开采出来铝并不容易。故选C。6细节理解题。根据“Halls way was to add elec

103、tricity to knock oxygen and aluminum apart.”可知霍尔的方法是增加电流，将氧和铝分开。故选D。7推理判断题。根据“Getting new aluminum from old aluminum products uses 90% less energy. Its much cheaper and creates less pollution. In fact, thanks to recycling, 75% of all aluminum ever produced is still in use!”可知从旧铝制品中获取新铝可节省90%的能源，它便宜得

104、多，产生的污染也少，由于回收，75%的铝仍在使用，由此可推出应填“铝容易回收”。故选B。8标题归纳题。短文主要介绍了金属铝的提取发展过程和现在的应用。所以“The Magical Metal Aluminum”作为标题最合适。故选C。9D 10C 11B 12A【导语】本文主要介绍了如何通过改变对幸福的看法来帮助你每天感受到更多的快乐。9细节理解题。根据第二段“Dr. Francesca Geens believes that happiness comes when we feel good about who we are and where our life is going.”可知，当

105、我们自我感觉良好时，幸福就会到来。故选D。10细节理解题。根据第三段“For example, you may realize that working out a difficult puzzle makes you feel better than watching a favorite TV show.”可知，作者是通过举例来说明的。故选C。11推理判断题。根据最后一段“So its important to notice the simple things that make you feel happy.”可知，注意那些让你感到快乐的简单事情是很重要的。由此推知，幸福也可以存在于简单

106、的事情中。故选B。12篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段是总说，改变对幸福的看法可以帮助你每天感受到更多的快乐；第二、三、四、五段是关于如何保持幸福；A选项符合本文结构。故选A。13C 14B 15D 16B【导语】本文主要讲科学家研究发现人类和类人猿也可能共享一种语言，因为我们使用相同的手势进行交流。13细节理解题。根据“Touching each other, or holding hands is a way of greeting”可知握手是在问候彼此。故选C。14细节理解题。根据“brought 5,656 volunteers together.；This group correct

107、ly guessed the meaning of the gestures 57% of the time. The other people, who were not given information about the apes activities, still succeeded 52% of the time.”可知第三段中作者列出了一系列数据来展示研究结果。故选B。15细节理解题。根据“Researcher Kirsty Graham said that both humans and apes probably inherited the gestures from our

108、 last common ancestor.”可知格雷厄姆认为，人们似乎能理解类人猿的一些手势是因为人类和猿类有最后一个共同的祖先。故选D。16细节理解题。根据“In future, we hope to learn more about how gestures develop through the apes lifetimes, Dr Graham added.”可知格雷厄姆表示，研究人员未来将研究猿类的生活中手势是如何变化的。故选B。17B 18A 19C 20A【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了科学家们发明了能够读懂人们想法的新仪器(读心术和FMRI)，这种新仪器可以将脑电波转化为

109、文字。读心术不方便又有健康风险，而FMRI更安全。17细节理解题。根据第一段和第二段“But scientists have now made it possible to read peoples mind! Researchers at the University of California, San Francisco developed a new instrument. It can turn brainwaves into words on a screen in front of the userWith up to 93 percent being correct the n

110、ew instrument shows “strong promise” to let these people fully communicate in the future.”可知，旧金山加利福尼亚大学的研究人员开发了一种新仪器，可以帮助解读人们的想法。故选B。18推理判断题。根据第三段“One problem with such mind-reading machines, however, is that they have to put electrodes (电极) into peoples brains. Its inconvenient and has health risks

111、. But scientists from the University of Texas, US, have taken steps to change this.”和第四段“The new brain scanning (扫描) method is called FMRI, its a safer way of reading brain activity.”可知， FMRI仪器更安全，与旧金山加利福尼亚大学的研究人员开发了仪器相比较，健康风险较小。故选A。19词句猜测题。此段“The team asked people in the test to listen to 16 hours

112、of radio shows while scanning their brains. Then they used a computer algorithm (算法) to create a story based on the FMRI recording. It matched the radio shows pretty well.”意思是“研究小组要求受试者在扫描大脑的同时收听16个小时的广播节目。然后，他们使用计算机算法根据FMRI(功能磁共振成像)记录创建了一个故事。它与广播节目非常匹配。”由此可知，it指代前句中的story“故事”。故选C。20最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了科学家

113、们发明了能够读懂人们想法的新仪器：旧金山加利福尼亚大学的研究人员开发的读心术和美国得克萨斯大学的科学家们开发的FMRI。 由此可知，本文最佳标题是代替人说话的机器。故选A。21C 22B 23D 24A【导语】本文主要讲现代社会发展迅速，社交媒体也发展迅速，包括照片墙，抖音，视频网站等应用程序等也通过短视频等方式使得人们能得到最新的消息。但作者也警醒人们要学会辨认这些信息的真伪。21细节理解题。根据“Many people use social media apps every day, so they can quickly get the latest news on Instagram

114、or TikTok.”可知，社交媒体上获取的信息速度是很快的。故选C。22细节理解题。根据“In a recent report by Ofcom, a media regulator (监管机构) from the UK, 63% of TikTok users say they often get news that is clearly false.”可知，有研究表明，抖音上63%得用户说他们经常收到假消息。可知这里说的是社交媒体上的信息也可能是不真实的。故选B。23推理判断题。根据“However, it still has a long way to go before it can

115、 finally become a suitable news source.”可知，作者认为社交媒体上的消息想成为可靠的消息来源还有很长的路要走。由此推断作者对社交媒体上获取的信息持谨慎态度。故选D。24篇章结构题。通读全文可知，文章第一段总起讲社交媒体应运而生；第二段讲很多人会在社交媒体上看消息，并质疑社交媒体上获取的信息的真实性；第3-7段主要就第二段提出的质疑进行举证，解释。其中3-5段主要讲社交媒体呈现消息的方式，而6-7段主要讲有机构表明社交媒体上的消息是有假的；最后一段总结社交媒体上的消息想成为可靠的消息来源还有很长的路要走。故选A。25B 26D 27A 28C【导语】本文主要

116、介绍了德国的氢动力火车以及它的优点，德国将会逐步使用氢动力火车代替柴油火车。25细节理解题。根据第二段的“When diesel is burned, it creates CO2 and other polluting gases ”可知当柴油燃烧时，它会产生二氧化碳和其他污染气体。故选B。26细节理解题。根据第四段的“ It can be used to create electricity by combining it with oxygen(氧) in a “fuel cell(燃料电池)”. ”可知它可以通过将其与“燃料电池”中的氧气结合来发电，由此产生能量。故选D。27细节理解题

117、。根据第五段的“The Coradia iLint trains run on electricity created by hydrogen fuel cells. ”可知Coradia iLint列车依靠氢燃料电池产生的电力运行。故选A。28推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Stefan Schrank, who works for Alstom, believes that Germany could replace up to 3,000 of its diesel trains with hydrogenpowered trains.”可知在阿尔斯通工作的斯特凡施兰克认为，德国可以用氢动力

118、列车取代多达3000辆柴油列车。因此他对于氢动力火车的未来是肯定的。故选C。29D 30A 31C 32C【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了“逆向文化冲击”现象。29细节理解题。根据“People who have spent time in other cultures often talk about reverse（反向的）culture shock. If you leave your country for more than a short tourist trip and then go back home, you may feel it.”可知，“逆向文化冲击”与那些从外国

119、回来的人有关。故选D。30细节理解题。根据“Then, sadly enough, its time to leave, but you are also very excited about going home.”可知，在回家之前，人们总是感到伤心但是很兴奋。故选A。31细节理解题。根据“You may not like certain things or ideas. In your eyes, either you or your home country has changed so much that you begin to worry.”可知，因为他们担心他们周围的变化，所以回

120、家后，人们可能不喜欢他们遇到的事情或想法。故选C。32主旨大意题。根据“Luckily, it doesnt usually last as long as adjustment（调整）to a new culture does.”可知，本段主要是告诉我们人们将会回到他们正常的生活。故选C。33D 34A 35C 36A【导语】本文主要介绍了糖的危害。33细节理解题。根据“In this way, it is an addictive drug (药) that doctors advise we all cut down on.”可知，糖是一种容易上瘾的药物，人们应该少吃。故选D。34词义猜

121、测题。根据“Early humans often had very little food, so our bodies learned to be very experienced in storing sugar as fat. In this way, we had energy stored for when there was no food. But today, most people have more than enough. So the very thing that once saved us may now be killing us.”（早期人类的食物通常很少，所以

122、我们的身体学会了以脂肪的形式储存糖。通过这种方式，我们储存了能量，以备没有食物时使用。但是今天，大多数人拥有的已经绰绰有余了。所以曾经拯救我们的东西现在可能正在杀死我们。）可知，the very thing指的是将糖储存为脂肪。故选A。35细节理解题。根据“our foods are increasingly filled with it. Some producers even use sugar to replace (代替) taste in foods that are advertised as low in fat. So while the foods appear to be

123、healthier, plenty of sugar are often added.”可知，是因为在很多食物和饮料中有很多糖，故选C。36主旨大意题。根据“In this way, it is an addictive drug (药) that doctors advise we all cut down on.”以及“But some people are fighting back against sugar and trying to create a healthier environment. ”可知，作者写这篇文章是为了提醒读者少吃糖。故选A。37B 38B 39C 40B【导

124、语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了聊天机器人ChatGPT，作者认为人工智能还有很长的路要走。37细节理解题。根据第一段“ChatGPT was released (发布) late last year by company OpenAI. The technology chats in a conversational way, answering questions from users.”可知，ChatGPT于去年年底由OpenAI公司发布。该技术以对话的方式聊天，回答用户的问题。因此ChatGPT可以回答来自用户的问题。故选B。38推理判断题。根据第二段“In their opinion

125、, just like when Google was created, people were unsure at first, but if teachers introduce the technology and teach students the advantages but also the disadvantages, that can help with their learning.”可知，在某些人的观点中，就像谷歌创建的时候一样，人们一开始并不确定，但如果老师引入这项技术，教学生优缺点，这就有助于他们的学习。可推测空处应表示的是对聊天机器人这项技术的支持。选项B“聊天机器

126、人应该受到欢迎”符合语境。故选B。39推理判断题。根据第一段“But there are limits (限制) to what it can do, which OpenAI admits. Sometimes it writes answers which are incorrect or dont make sense, and it sometimes guesses what the user has asked it instead of asking more follow-up questions to understand the questions better.”可知，此

127、处介绍了ChatGPT的限制，有时它写的答案不正确或没有意义，有时它会猜测用户问了它什么，而不是问更多的后续问题来更好地理解这些问题，因此本文回答了ChatGPT的限制是什么。故选C。40推理判断题。根据最后一段“AI has a long way to go, and big ideas yet to discover. We will fall over along the way, and learn a lot from getting in touch with the real world.”可知，作者认为人工智能还有很长的路要走，而且还有许多大的想法有待发现。我们会在这个过程中摔

128、倒，并从接触现实世界中学到很多东西。选项B“ChatGPT仍然需要时间来以更好的方式为人们工作”符合作者的观点。故选B。41A 42B 43C 44C【导语】本文主要介绍了皮影戏。41细节理解题。根据“Making puppets includes several steps, such as choosing materials, carving, painting, sewing and inking.”可知，制作木偶包括选择材料，雕刻，绘画，缝制和上墨等几个步骤，不包括加热。故选A。42推理判断题。根据“Shadow theatre teams often performed up to

129、 30 or 40 times a day, even into the night at times, and when the curtain fell, the performers packed up and moved on.”可知，皮影戏可以从一个地方搬到另一个地方。故选B。43词义猜测题。根据“The eastern-school disappeared very early, while the western-school appeared during the Ming Dynasty. In 1842, Lu Decheng passed down this art an

130、d set up Beijing Xiangshun Shadow Theater.”可知，陆德成传承了西部皮影戏，因此this art指的是北京西部皮影戏。故选C。44主旨大意题。根据“Shadow theatre（皮影戏）, one of the oldest performing arts in the world, appeared in China long before the invention of movies and televisions.”及全文可知，本文主要是对皮影戏的介绍。故选C。45A 46B 47C 48C【导语】本文介绍了地球上水的分布情况以及为什么人们要节约

131、用水的情况。45细节理解题。根据“The remaining 3.5% of the water is fresh water, which can be found in lakes, rivers, glaciers (冰川), and in the ground.”可知，地球上剩下的3.5%的水不能在海洋中找到。故选A。46推理判断题。根据“That is, water is always moving and changing forms between ice, liquid, and gas. The form of the water changes all the time,

132、but the total amount of water on Earth remains the same.”可知，也就是说，水总是在冰、液体和气体之间移动和变换形式，水的形态一直在变化，但地球上的水总量保持不变，故选B。47细节理解题。根据“Second, of this 3.5%, only 1% is available for human use. Most fresh water is found in glaciers far from where anyone lives.”可知，人类不能轻易使用2.5%的淡水，故选C。48主旨大意题。根据“Taken as a whole, Earth is mainly blue. That is because of the amount (数量) of water it has that covers the surface.”以及整个文章的理解可知，主要是介绍球上水的数量和种类，并介绍为什么要节约用水的情况，故选C。