专题03 中考非谓语动词考点-2023年江苏省中考英语二轮复习基础知识过过过 高分题型练练练.docx

1、专题03 中考非谓语动词考点我们把在句子当中起名词、形容词或副词作用，充当谓语之外的其它句子成分的动词称为非谓语动词。一、非谓语动词共分为三种：1.动词不定式（to+动词原形）可用作名词、形容词或副词。2.现在分词和过去分词（现在分词由“动词原形+ing”构成；过去分词有”动词原形+ed”构成）可用作形容词或副词 (现在分词: 表主动, 进行; 过去分词: 表被动, 完成)。3.动名词（动名词由“动词原形+ing”构成”）可用作名词或形容词。二、非谓语动词的作用不定式1、作主语（it 做形式主语, 注意for/of sb 区别)Its very exciting to have a Chine

2、se friend. Its important to eat a balanced diet. It takes about 25 minutes to walk .Its very hard for him to study two languages.Its very nice of you to help me.2、作宾语(总结后接不定式做宾语的动词: ask, decide, expect, learn, manage, plan, refuse, want)I hope to have a more comfortable bed.He decides to buy another

3、 pair of trainers for his daughter.At last, the children managed to enter the room.I want to learn about art.在find, think后用it做形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放在句末。e.g.: I find it hard to understand the passage.I think it interesting to read this book.These children may find it hard to think for themselves.3、作表语Perhaps

4、one of the most polite ways is to ask someone, “Would you mind doing this or Would you mind not doing that.”4、作定语Bridge Street is a good place to have fun.Let me tell you the way to my house.Would you like something to drink?There is nothing to worry about. (worry about nothing)Have you got anything

5、 to say? (say something)5、作宾语补足语Lucy asked him to turn down the radio.此处to turn down the radio为宾语him的补足语，turn down这个动作由he来做，是逻辑上的主语。这类动词一般可以分为三类：1)实义动词一些动词只能用动词不定式做宾语补足语: tell, ask, want, allow, would like, encourage, invite, need, tell, advise等。Our English teacher encourages us to read loudly in th

6、e morning.2)感官动词和使役动词有些感官动词和使役动词如hear, watch, see, notice, make, let, have等后跟动词不定式作宾语补足语时常常省去不定式符号to. I saw him go into the classroom just now.但将此句改为被动句时，省去的不定式符号to应加上。We see a lot of boys play basketball in the afternoon.A lot of boys are seen to play basketball in the afternoon by us. The strict f

7、ather makes the children do housework every day.The children are made to do housework by the strict father every day.3)help动词help比较特殊，后跟不定式作宾语补足语时，既可带to, 也可不带to。e.g.: The boy asked his father to help him (to) work out the problem.6、作状语通常情况下，动词不定式在句子中充当：1)目的状语：一般置于句末或句首，用来表示做某事的目的，通常to do可以用in order

8、to 进行同义句转换；I went to the library to study English. (表示目的) = I went to the library in order to study English. = To/ In order to study English, I went to the library.2)结果状语：一般置于句末，用来表示做事的结果，初中常见的句型有：tooto; enough. to. She arrived at the airport to find the train had left.The young man was not strong e

9、nough to carry the heavy bag.= The young man was too weak to carry the heavy bag.7、与特殊疑问词构成复合宾语decide，find out，forget，know，learn，remember，wonder等动词常接“疑问词+ 动词不定式”这个结构，用作宾语。疑问词一般是what，who（m），where，how，whether，whichI dont know where to go.He cant decide what to buy.We wonder how to deal with it. 不定式的否定

10、形式My mother always tells me not to stay out late.too.to. 太.以至于不能.动名词1. 动名词作主语(谓语动词用单数形式)Eating dangshen and huangqi herbs is also good for this .Knocking into players and falling down would be dangerous2. 动名词作宾语enjoy /practice /end up /finish/consider/keep /be busy/imagine/mindthanks for/be used to/

11、 preferto/pay attention to/be good at/look forward to/ have difficulty (in)/have trouble (in)/have confidence (in)Do you mind opening the window?My father enjoys watching TV.注意: 有些动词即可用动名词作直接宾语，也可以用不定式作直接宾语，两者有着截然不同的意义。（1）like，love，prefer，hate.等表示喜爱、厌恶、偏好的情感动词，后跟不定式表示“仅一时的爱憎情感或指特定或具体某次行为”；后跟动名词表示“抽象

12、性的一种倾向、爱好或习惯性的动作” 。2) 动词remember，forget，stop，continue, go on，try，cant help, regret 等既能以动词不定式又能以动名词作宾语，但表达的意思却不同。与动词不定式连用时，表示未完成的动作。remember to do (记住去做) remember doing (记得做过)forget to do (忘记去做) forget doing (忘记做过)try to do (设法做) try doing (试着做)go on to do (接着做另一事) go on doing (继续做同一事)stop to do (停下来

13、去做) stop doing (停止做)cant help to do (不能帮助做) cant help doing (情不自禁做)3）动词need, require, be worth之后动名词的主动语态含有被动的意思，相当于不定式的被动语态。 My hair needs cutting.现在分词1现在分词作后置定语(表示动作正在发生，与被修饰词是主谓关系)Look at this group of people playing beach volleyball !There must be something visiting the homes in our neighborhood.

14、2现在分词作表语My hobby is collecting old coins.3. 现在分词作宾补see，hear，watch，noticeI saw they playing football on the playground yesterday.过去分词1过去分词作定语(与其修饰词之间是动宾关系且过去分词表示的动作已经完成含有被动意义)David Smith of North London has a pot-bellied pig named Connie.2被动语态由be +动词过去分词构成When was it invented?中考非谓语动词常考考点：1. it作形式主语、形

15、式宾语的用法2感官动词后不定式作宾语补足语和动词ing形式作宾语补足语的用法；3动词不定式与疑问代词和疑问副词的连用4一些特殊动词的动词不定式作宾语补足语时不带to，但变为被动语态时就要带to；5有些动词既可接不定式也可接动词ing形式作宾语，但表达的意思不同。 常考的后跟动词不定式和动名词搭配的结构：动词后面+doing sthfinish/ keep/ practise/ mind/ enjoy/ spend /suggest/like/love/hate; cant stop; cant help (情不自禁) have difficulty (trouble/problem) be b

16、usy be worth prefer .to./look forward to/be used to (习惯于)/pay attention to/devote.to .have a good time /have fun;spend time. ;stop/keep/prevent sb. (from) What/How about.动词后面+ to doagree/learn/ hope /wish/ plan / decide / choose / would like / seem /invite /fail /promise/afford/seem have/has (no) ti

17、me.try ones best; cant wait ; the first .; have no choice but.; adj/adv+enough.Its +adj+(for/of sb) +.Its time.; There is no need. have sb. do sth., have sb. doing sth. 和 have sth. done的区别：1. have sb. do sth.意为“让某人做某事”，have可以用let, make代替。不定式往往表示一次性的具体动作，且强调动作已经完成或尚未发生。The soldiers had the boy stand

18、with his back to his father. 士兵们让这个男孩背对着他的父亲站着。2. have sb. doing sth. 意为“让某人一直做某事”, have可以用keep代替，现在分词doing这个动作往往具有持续、进行的含义。The two men had their lights burning all night long. 那两个人让灯通宵亮着。3. have sth. done意为“让某事被（别人）做”，即ask sb. to do sth. 过去分词(done)这个动作由他人（非主语本身）来完成，含有被动意义且强调动作已经完成。The driver had hi

19、s car washed once a week. 那位司机每周让人洗一次车。My hair is too long. Ill have it cut tomorrow. 我的头发太长了。明天我要请人理发了。【例题精讲】1. He wants to have his TV _.A. repairing B. repaired C. to repair D. to be repairing2. The workers had the machines _ (run) all night long to finish the work on time.3. People in the south

20、have their houses _ (make) of bamboo.【答案】B,running,made【课堂练习】动词填空1.It is my job _ (introduce) the film stars from Taiwan on the show.2. It is difficult _ them _ the charity walk without team spirit. A. for; to finish B. of; to finish C. for; finishing D. of; finishing 3. The boy is often heard in th

21、e music room. He sings very well.A. practice singing B. to practice singingC. practiced singingD. practicing singing4. Tom often makes his brother _but yesterday he was made_ by his brother.A. cry; to cry B. to cry; cry C. cry; cry D. to cry; to cry5. The thief was noticed _the office building by th

22、e back door on the screen.A. enter B. enter into C. to enter D. to enter into6. We should think about what we can do _ (keep) animals and plants from becoming endangered.7. How kind you are! You always do what you can_ me. A. help B. helping C. to help D. helps8. When you travel abroad, you can hard

23、ly avoid _ products made in China. A. to buy B. buy C. buying D. be bought9. -We are now busy _ (prepare) for the Senior High School Entrance Examination. -I see, just take it easy.10. _ (repair) my TV set cost me 100 yuan. 11. When I walked past the park, I saw some old people _ Chinese Taiji.A. do

24、 B. did C. doing D. are doing12. I found a letter _ on the floor when I came into the classroom. A. lying B. lay C. lie D. lies 13. A cook will be immediately fined if he is found _.(smoke)14. Just then he heard someone _ (call) for help.【答案】to introduce; A; B; A; C; to keep; C；C； preparing；Repairin

25、g；C； A； smoking； calling单项选择1. -Would you like _ or shall we go by bus? -I prefer _, but we have to take a taxi, for time is short.A. walking; to walk B. to walk; walking C. to walk; to walk D. walk; walk2. Each of us is looking forward _a good result. Lets do it more carefully. A. to get B. for get

26、ting C. to getting D. getting3. Tony used to to school, but he is used to to school now.A. walk; taking a bus B. walked; take a bus C. walk; take a bus D. walking; to take a bus4. -Dad, why must I stop _ computer games? -For your health, my boy.A. play B. to play C. to playing D. playing5. -I will g

27、o to Harbin for my summer vacation. What about you?-I havent decided where _.A. go B. went C. goingD. to go6. -Excuse me. Could you tell me _ get to the nearest post office?-Sorry, I am new here.A. how can I B. how I could C. how to D. what I can7. I havent decided when _ a holiday yet.A. took B. ta

28、king C. to take D. take8. The old lady didnt know _ when the house caught fire.A. how to do B. how to do it C. what to do D. what to do it9. My tooth hurts. I have no choice but _ out tomorrow.A. to have my bad tooth pull B. have my bad tooth pulledC. have my bad tooth pull D. to have my bad tooth p

29、ulled10. One of the biggest aims in life _ new challenges. Youd better get ready.A. is to taken on B. are to take off C. is take on D. are take off11. He used _ on the left in the UK, but now he is used _ on the right.A. to drive; to driveB. to drive; driving C. to driving; to drive D. to drive; to

30、driving12. -Where was Betty half an hour ago? -She _ tennis on the playground.A. saw to play B. was seen playing C. was seen to play D. saw playing13. The computer requires _. I think I need _ to ask Mr. Zhang for help.A. fixing; going B. to fix; going C. fixing; to go D. to fix; to go14. Do you thi

31、nk it would be great to have robots _ exams for us?A. taken B. taking C. to take D. take15. Now many people in Wuxi prefer _ their old house _ a new one.A. selling; to buy B. selling; to buying C. to sell; to buy D. to sell; buy16. -Which robot do you think is the most useful? -_.A. The robot that a

32、re made in JapanB. The robot is designed to help us with our homeworkC. The robot has a lot of memory D. The robot shown at the exhibition centre17. - What are on show in the newspaper? - Some photos _ by the interviewers of Yaan, Sichuan.A. have been taken B. were taken C. are taken D. taken18. -Im

33、 sorry I _ my homework at home. -Thats all right. Dont forget _ it to school tomorrow.A. forgot; bringing B. left; to bring C. left; bringing D. forgot; to bring19. -My computer has gone wrong, it needs _soon-Why not have David _it, nobody can if he cant.A. to fix, fix B. to fixed, fixingC. fixing, fix D. fixing, fixed20. - Your father hardly watches movies, does he?- _. He spends as much time as he can _ online.A. Yes; read B. No; read C. Yes; reading D. No; reading【答案】CCADD BCCDA DBCDC DDBCD