专题03 真题示范 技巧点拨 课堂练习-2023高考英语读后续写应考微技能.docx

1、读后续写应考微技能读后续写是一种将阅读与写作紧密结合的考查形式，旨在考查学生的语言综合运用能力。主要聚焦在以下四个方面：1.把握短文关键信息和语言特点的能力；2.语言运用的准确性和丰富性；3.对语篇结构的把控能力；4.创造性思维能力。读后续写的特点：1.读后续写不能随心所欲，是要在开头语和提示词的帮助下完成续写部分。2.续写的内容应该思路清晰，内容连贯，想象丰富，逻辑性强。3.读后续写要求读写并重。对文章精准理解才不至于偏离主题。4.所给文章的未完部分的思路和内容并不一定是唯一的，考生可以根据自己对文章的理解，从而对文章的结尾有不同的诠释。读后续写的常见错误：1.语言逻辑混乱语言逻辑混乱是指词

2、法、语法的误用、乱用，也是读后续写中常出现的一个大问题。2.内容逻辑混乱内容逻辑混乱则是读后续写的又一大问题，其包括线索中断、逻辑混乱两方面。任何文本都有情节发展的主线，或明或隐，有时还有其他支线。有些学生在续写时，忽略了主线，造成线索中断。续写中的逻辑混乱既体现在句子之间、段落之间的逻辑关系不明确，也体现在续写短文与给定文本的情节逻辑、时空逻辑相矛盾。【真题示范】原文呈现(2022新高考卷读后续写)It was the day of the big cross-country run.Students from seven different primary schools in and a

3、round the small town were warming up and walking the route (路线) through thick evergreen forest.I looked around and finally spotted David, who was standing by himself off to the side by a fence.He was small for ten years old.His usual big toothy smile was absent today.I walked over and asked him why

4、he wasnt with the other children.He hesitated and then said he had decided not to run.What was wrong? He had worked so hard for this event!I quickly searched the crowd for the schools coach and asked him what had happened.“I was afraid that kids from other schools would laugh at him,” he explained u

5、ncomfortably.“I gave him the choice to run or not, and let him decide.”I bit back my frustration (懊恼).I knew the coach meant wellhe thought he was doing the right thing.After making sure that David could run if he wanted, I turned to find him coming towards me, his small body rocking from side to si

6、de as he swung his feet forward.David had a brain disease which prevented him from walking or running like other children, but at school his classmates thought of him as a regular kid.He always participated to the best of his ability in whatever they were doing.That was why none of the children thou

7、ght it unusual that David had decided to join the cross-country team.It just took him longerthats all.David had not missed a single practice, and although he always finished his run long after the other children, he did always finish.As a special education teacher at the school, I was familiar with

8、the challenges David faced and was proud of his strong determination.注意:1.续写词数应为150左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。We sat down next to each other, but David wouldnt look at me.I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners.写作流程第一步：审题1.审体裁：记叙文2.审人称：第一、三人称3.审时态：一般过去时4.审前文大意：作者是一名特殊教育的教

9、师，在大型越野赛跑那天，发现患有大脑疾病的大卫独自站在一旁。作者问其原因，他说他准备放弃比赛。从教练口中得知，因为担心同学们会嘲笑大卫，教练让大卫自己决定是否最终参赛第二步：抓住段首句设问续写段首1：We sat down next to each other, but David wouldnt look at me.设问：How would David react?What would I do to deal with the matter?What would happen after that?.续写段首2：I watched as David moved up to the sta

10、rting line with the other runners.设问：How did David feel?What would David do?What would David happen in the end?.第三步：谋篇1. 第一段：We sat down next to each other, but David wouldnt look at me. 根据第一段段首句可知，作者和大卫挨着坐下，但大卫不敢抬头看作者。推测：第一段应该描写，大卫决定不参赛之后的心里状态是闷闷不乐，然后作者设法劝说大卫参加比赛，无论从何角度拓展，需注意与续写第二段首句呼应。2. I watched

11、 as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners. 根据第二段段首句可知，大卫和其他运动员一起走到起跑线上，开始参赛，第二段应该描写，大卫参赛的过程，并且最终完成赛跑。由此可推测：第一段的结局：作者成功劝说大卫参赛。第二段的结局：大卫战胜了自我，并且展示了自己坚定的决心。3.在确定了思路和内容之后，续写时，要注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。第四步：拟草稿并检查誊写参考范文1Paragraph 1：We sat down next to each other, but

12、David wouldnt look at me. He hung his head, in low spirit. I asked him if he really decided not to run. He nodded, biting his lip. Then I gently said, “ David, if youre not running because youre afraid of being laughed at, you just fail yourself.” David looked up and I continued, “Because you allow

13、those people stop you from doing sth. you really want to do.” What I said seemed to work. David finally made up his mind and headed for the starting line.Paragraph 2：We sat down next to each other, but David wouldnt look at me. He hung his head, in low spirit. I asked him if he really decided not to

14、 run. He nodded, biting his lip. Then I gently said, “ David, if youre not running because youre afraid of being laughed at, you just fail yourself.” David looked up and I continued, “Because you allow those people stop you from doing sth. you really want to do.” What I said seemed to work. David fi

15、nally made up his mind and headed for the starting line.I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners. David stood firmly in his position, ignoring anything .around. But he had only gone a few meters before he tripped and fell flat on the ground. My hearts sank. Luckily, th

16、e audience burst into thunderous cheers and applause. Inspired by the enthusiasm and encouragement. David quickened his pace in high spirits. It turned out that he crossed the finish line eventually. Seeing his confident smiles, I sighed in relief. With the power to conquer himself; he can conquer a

17、nything on the way to a promising future 参考范文2Paragraph 1：We sat down next to each other, but David wouldnt look at me. I reached out my hand and patted him on the shoulder gently, saying that he was a great boy with strong determination and that faced with difficulties he always tried his best to o

18、vercome them. David gradually raised his head. Looking him in the eye, I told him not to give up after he had trained a lot. He nodded with gratitude and stood up. I hugged him tightly and then he walked away slowly but firmly.Paragraph 2：I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the oth

19、er runners. When the run began, he looked back over his shoulder and waved at me with confidence. At the same time, his usual big toothy smile appeared on his face again. Though he ran slower than others, he kept on running and running. No kids from other schools made fun of him. Instead, all presen

20、t cheered him on and admired his courage and strong will. To my relief, it was through this run that David became much stronger.【技巧点拨】技巧一 归纳大意，推测意图归纳记叙文文本大意的常用方法是要素归纳法，即找出记叙文的六要素(时间、地点、人物和事情的起因、经过、结果)，并将它们概括表达为“什么人/物(什么时间/地点)做了什么事，最终结果如何”。推断记叙文叙述意图的常用方法是提问法，首先问自己“本文的中心话题是什么？”；然后问自己通过上述六要素及其叙述手法的选择，“

21、作者向读者传达了有关该话题的什么情或理？”或“作者想让读者有什么样的感受或体验？”。【典题印证】请阅读下面的短文，并归纳出文本大意和叙述意图。Compassion is a desire within us to help others.With effort，we can translate compassion into action.An experience last weekend showed me this is true.I work part-time in a supermarket across from a building for the elderly.These

22、old people are our main customers，and its not hard to lose patience over their slowness.But last Sunday，one aged gentleman appeared to teach me a valuable lesson.This untidy man walked up to my register(收款机) with a box of biscuits.He said he was out of cash(现金)，had just moved into his room，and had n

23、othing in his cupboards.He asked if we could let him have the food on trust.He promised to repay me the next day.I couldnt help staring at him.I wondered what kind of person he had been ten or twenty years before，and what he would be like if luck had gone his way.I had a hurt in my heart for this ki

24、nd of human soul，all alone in the world.I told him that I was sorry，but store rules didnt allow me to do so.I felt stupid and unkind saying this，but I valued my job.Just then，another man，standing behind the first，spoke up.If anything，he looked more pitiable.“Charge it to me，” was all he said.What I

25、had been feeling was pity.Pity is soft and safe and easy.Compassion，on the other hand，is caring in action.I thanked the second man but told him that was not allowed either.Then I reached into my pocket and paid for the biscuits myself.I reached into my pocket because these two men had reached into m

26、y heart and taught me compassion.1.文本大意：_2.叙述意图：_【名师点拨】1.记叙类文章的文本大意回答写了什么的问题，指文本的主要内容，即围绕主要人或物描述的主要事件及其结果。2.记叙类文章的叙述意图回答为什么写的问题，指作者通过文本主要内容传递给读者的信息，可以是情，也可以是理。参考答案1.文本大意：Moved by a gentlemans action，a cashier paid for a box of biscuits as a favor to an untidy man，whose request was first refused.2.叙述

27、意图：To tell readers that we can translate compassion into action.技巧二 分析情景模式，合理构思情节为了使续写部分和给定材料共同构成一个逻辑衔接、情节完整的短文，必须在文本大意和叙述意图的统领下分析所给文本的情境模式，即who，what，when，where，why(简称5W)。并在此基础上，结合所给段落开头语发展续写部分的情境模式，以合理构思续写部分的情节。【典题印证】请阅读下面的短文，并回答下列导学问题。1.这篇短文的文本大意和叙述意图是什么？2.请根据文本大意和叙述意图，分析所给文本的情境模式，找出who，what，when，

28、where，why，并填写在短文后面的表格中。3.根据文本大意、叙述意图和找到的所给短文的情境模式，你认为续写部分的who，what，when，where，why分别是什么？你的依据是什么？请填写在短文后面的表格中。4.续写部分的情境模式是否与所给短文的情境模式完全一样？如果不是，主要原因是什么？It was Christmas Eve，1881.I was 15 years old and feeling like the world was over for me because there hadnt been enough money to buy me the rifle(来复枪)

29、that Id wanted that year.Pa came back in and there was ice in his beard.“Come on，Matt，” Pa said.“Dress warmly.Its cold outside.Were going to Widow Jensens.They are out of wood.” Widow Jensen lived about two miles down the road.Her husband had died a year or so and left her with three children，the ol

30、dest being eight.I unwillingly went out with Pa.分析：所给短文的情境模式 发展：续写部分的情境模式说明：如此发展的理由who：who：what：what：when：when：where：where：why：why：【名师点拨】1.分析情境模式，是在文本大意和叙述意图的统领下，从5W的角度梳理所给短文的主要内容，即已经发生了什么，为续写的情节构思提供依据与方向。2.发展情境模式，是结合所给短文的情境模式和所给段落开头语，从5W的角度构思续写部分的主要内容，即接下来要发生什么，使合理的续写成为可能。3.作为所给短文的延展部分，续写部分的情境模式和所给

31、短文的情境模式紧密联系，但也有一定程度上的区别。参考答案1.文本大意：圣诞前夕，没钱给儿子买来复枪的父亲和儿子一起送东西帮助贫困的Jensen一家。叙述意图：弘扬给予他人、助人为乐的精神。分析：所给短文的情境模式 发展：续写部分的情境模式说明：如此发展的理由who：Pa；I who：Pa；I；Widow Jensen and her children父亲说Were going to Widow Jensens，再结合第二段最后一句，Jensen家还有她的孩子what：got ready to go to Widow Jensens to give them somethingwhat：gave

32、 Widow Jensens family some wood(and maybe something else)；they were grateful父亲说Its cold outside.Were going to Widow Jensens.They are out of wood.when：Christmas Eve，1881；before we left for Widow Jensenswhen：Christmas Eve，1881；on the way；after we arrived短文第一句It was Christmas Eve，1881和父亲说Were going to

33、Widow Jensenswhere：in our housewhere：on the way；at Widow Jensens父亲说Were going to Widow Jensens，可能先是on the way，后到Widow Jensens。主要地点应该是at Widow Jensenswhy：Her husband died and left her with three children，the oldest being eight.why：Widow Jensens family were in need，Pa was kind，helping those in need is

34、 the spirit of Christmas父亲说Its cold outside.Were going to Widow Jensens.They are out of wood，说明Jensen一家需要帮助，而且善良的父亲乐于助人；短文第一句把故事设定在圣诞节这个“给予”的日子，暗含了帮助他人的主题。4.续写部分的情境模式和所给短文的情境模式不是完全一样。主要原因在于：续写部分的事件是对所给短文中主要事件的合理发展；续写部分的人或物、时间和地点也因事件的发展而有相应的变化。技巧三 补充细节 在已知文本大意和叙述意图的前提下，分析和发展情境模式，以情境要素的形式呈现续写的大致情节。但情节

35、的展开需要细节，如何将续写部分的大致情节扩充为150词左右的具体情节呢？现在将带你体验化少为多的关键技能添加细节。【典题印证】请阅读下面的浙江新高考所给的样题，结合某同学的续写，回答下列导学问题。1.这篇读后续写的情节是否完整？2.参照评分原则，你认为这篇读后续写的主要问题是什么？造成问题的原因是什么？如何解决？A funny thing happened to Arthur when he was on the way to work one day.As he walked along Park Avenue near the First National Bank，he heard th

36、e sound of someone trying to start a car. He tried again and again but couldnt get the car moving. Arthur turned and looked inside at the face of a young man who looked worried. Arthur stopped and asked，“It looks like youve got a problem，” Arthur said.“Im afraid so. Im in a big hurry and I cant star

37、t my car.”“Is there something I can do to help？” Arthur asked. The young man looked at the two suitcases in the back seat and then said，“Thanks. If youre sure it wouldnt be too much trouble，you could help me get these suitcases into a taxi.”“No trouble at all. Id be glad to help.”The young man got o

38、ut and took one of the suitcases from the back seat. After placing it on the ground，he turned to get the other one. Just as Arthur picked up the first suitcase and started walking，he heard the long loud noise of an alarm.It was from the bank. There had been a robbery(抢劫)!Park Avenue had been quiet a

39、 moment before. Now the air was filled with the sound of the alarm and the shouts of people running from all directions. Cars stopped and the passengers joined the crowd in front of the bank. People asked each other，“What happened？” But everyone had a different answer.Arthur，still carrying the suitc

40、ase，turned to look at the bank and walked right into the young woman in front of him.She looked at the suitcase and then at him. Arthur was surprised.” Why is she looking at me like that？” He thought.” The suitcase！She thinks Im the bank thief！”Arthur looked around at the crowd of people. He became

41、frightened，and without another thought，he started to run.某同学的续写：Paragraph 1：As he was running，Arthur heard the young man shouting behind，“Stop，stop！” Arthur turned a deaf ear to the shouts.He stopped a taxi.The taxi raced to the police station，leaving the young man behind.Paragraph 2：The taxi stoppe

42、d in front of the police station and Arthur got out of the taxi. In the station he reported what had happened and handed the suitcase over. Then the young man arrived to explain. They opened the case and found no money inside. Everyone laughed.【名师点拨】1.续写时如果仅根据基本思路简单地交代事件过程与结果，续写部分必会内容干瘪、词数不足。2.要使续写部

43、分的词数符合要求，且内容丰富，就需要结合情节添加相关细节。【自我诊断】1.这篇读后续写的情节完整。2.这篇读后续写的主要问题：内容干瘪、词数不足。造成问题的原因：只是流水账似地呈现了所构思的基本情节，缺乏细节描写。解决问题的策略：需要充分描写相关细节，如对动作、语言、表情、心理和环境等进行描写。请仔细阅读某同学修改后的续写，并把导学问题填写在后面的表格中。某同学修改后的续写：Paragraph 1：As he was running，Arthur heard the young man shouting behind，“Stop，stop！” Realizing that the young

44、man might be the bank robber，Arthur turned a deaf ear to the shouts and ran even faster.He stopped a taxi，jumped in and said to the driver，“Police station，please！Speed up and throw the young man behind off！” Immediately the taxi raced away like the wind，leaving the young man far behind.Paragraph 2：T

45、he taxi stopped in front of the police station and Arthur directly went in. He handed the suitcase over to the police，but just as he was reporting what had happened near the bank on Park Avenue，he heard the young mans voice outside. The young man had arrived，too！Explaining that he was innocent，the m

46、an opened the suitcase and in it was nothing but some clothes. Arthur felt embarrassed，but the policemen laughed and thanked him anyway.所添加的描写细节的句子或词块它们描写了哪些具体细节【名师点拨】1.读后续写的评分原则之一就是“内容的丰富性”。2.所谓“内容的丰富性”就是续写部分详细、生动地描述情景、态度和感情等。3.通常可以通过对人物动作、语言、心理活动、表情和环境等细节的描写来丰富内容，增强叙述的画面感。参考答案所添加的描写细节的句子或词块它们描写了哪些

47、具体细节Realizing that the young man might be the bank robber心理活动and ran even faster动作jumped in动作and said to the driver，“Police station，please！Speed up and throw the young man behind off！”语言he heard the young mans voice outside环境(声音)Arthur felt embarrassed情感【课后练习】湖南省2023届高三九校联盟第二次联考阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续

48、写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Miraculous (神奇的) StrengthOne chilly, December evening, I was preparing dinner. Suddenly, while setting the table, I heard a tremendous crash from the second floor. It was the kind of rare, heart-stopping noise that instantly struck fear into a mothers heart. Even the dishes in. the k

49、itchen cupboard rattled (发出咔嗒声)！My seven-year-old son began screaming for help， and I raced up the stairs without even stopping to put down the dinner fork I held in my hand. Entering my sons room， I found my frightened toddler (学步的儿童)trapped under a five-drawer wooden dresser (衣橱). It had been torn

50、 from its wall anchor. I could hear crying as I ran toward him. As I leaned over, I saw his small, bloody face and the terror in his eyes. I pulled the large dresser off him. At that moment, I felt I could move mountains. I was fearful to look but quickly tried to assess how badly he was hurt. Beggi

51、ng him to stay still, I dialed 911 and began to pray. I prayed for the mercy that spared him and the healing he would need, given that I wasnt sure of the extent of his injuries. In those minutes before the ambulance arrived, although I was in a chaotic situation with both my sons in tears, an inner

52、 calm kept me focused and controlled. I felt a strong presence keeping me steady. After the ambulance workers conducted a brief assessment, it was agreed that he should have a more extensive examination since this was a possible chest or head injury. A moment of pause forced me to process what had j

53、ust happened. I recalled dashing up the stairs with a sense of fear as t0 what 1 would find. In only a few seconds, a lifetime of tender memories replayed in my mind. I had asked myself, “Is he still breathing?” “Are bones broken?” One moment. I was simply preparing dinner; the next. I was tearfully

54、 praying for my sons life. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。On the way to the emergency room, I tried to keep him calm. _Back at the house, I found the miraculous strength that protected my sons life-a small, hand-carved elephant. _【参考范文】On the way to the emergency room, I tried to keep him ca

55、lm. His nose was still bleeding， and he was complaining about the bump on the back of his head. (儿子情况)I continued to pray for his recovery and the miracle that he survived the impact of that heavy dresser. (我的反应)After testing， it was determined that he could return home. (事件结果)Thats a load off my mi

56、nd and I was finally relieved！(我的情绪)The doctor said，“Wow，it was a miracle！”(他人评价)I responded tearfully， “It sure was. ”(我的感受)Back at the house, I found the miraculous strength that protected my sons life a small, hand-carved elephant. Earlier that year， we bought it as a special souvenir when we wen

57、t on a family trip to Africa. (物品背景信息)It seemed that the elephant had undertaken the main impact of the dresser when it crashed. The carved animal was only inches wide， but those few precious inches gave my son the space he needed to avoid terrible injury. (物品与本次事件的关联)I will be grateful all my life for the miraculous strength that sent the elephant to be my sons life protector. (升华：感恩神奇的力量)