专题03 短文首字母填空10篇(近年中考真题)-2024年中考英语逆袭冲刺名校模拟真题速递(天津专用).docx

1、2024年中考英语逆袭冲刺名校模拟真题速递(天津专用)第一期专题03 短文首字母填空10篇(近年中考真题)（2023天津统考中考真题）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。A smile shows that a person is happy. For example, a person may smile when he or she is p 1 with some progress in studies. Or a person may smile if a friend tells a funny joke. There are other good

2、r 2 to smile often.First, it is e 3 to smile than to show unhappiness. In fact, it only takes 17 muscles (肌肉) to smile. On the other hand, it takes 43 muscles to show unhappiness. So give the muscles in your f 4 a rest and smile!Second, smiles are nice. People may try to l 5 nice by exercising or we

3、aring nice clothes. However, people often say a smile is the best thing a person can wear. That is because it is easy to be a 6 someone who is smiling and happy. Almost no one wants to stay with someone who is always unhappy.Third, smiles have power (感染力). Both smiling and laughing can easily and qu

4、ickly s 7 from one person to another. If one person smiles, people around him or her want to smile, too. Similarly, when a person laughs, people tend (往往会) to laugh with him or her. If a person is s 8 , the best thing to do is to share a smile or a laugh. It is the easiest way to cheer someone up.F

5、9 , smiling and laughing are very good for the body. Even though you are sad, try smiling. Youll find that it will be difficult to s 10 sad for very long!（2022天津统考中考真题）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。In the small villages of Kenya (肯尼亚), Africa, most kids want to read books. But no roads go to th

6、eir homes, only miles and miles of sand. Cars and trucks are not useful, s 11 library books arrive on the backs of camels. Camels can handle (应付) the sand and the books. Two camels, a camel driver, and a librarian (图书管理员) w 12 to the villages together. One camel carries about 180 kilos of books, and

7、 the other carries a tent. At each village, the librarian sets up the tent and shows the b 13 to the kids inside. Two weeks later, the camels c 14 back with new books.Some people in the mountains of northern Thailand (泰国) get books in a d 15 way. Their “l 16 ” are carried by elephants. These animals

8、 can handle the difficult journey. Because they are large, they can carry many books in metal cases (金属箱). The metal protects the books from the heavy rains that f 17 in the area.Indonesia (印度尼西亚) has its own difficulties. The country has over 17,000 islands. Most people t 18 by boat and they also c

9、arry their books by boat. A library boat holds(容纳) about 500 books in boxes. Boxes of books are left in villages and are traded (交换) for new books a few weeks l 19 .For people who live far and cant get to a library, a library that comes to them brings more than books. It brings a whole w 20 of infor

10、mation.（2021天津统考中考真题）Electric cars may seem like a recent invention, but theyve been around for years. In the early 1900s, there were more electric cars on the road than there were petrol (汽油) cars. At that time, petrol was e 21 compared with other fuels (燃料). W 22 petrol prices dropped and new tech

11、nologies were developed, electric cars went out of fashion (过时). Instead, petrol cars became more p 23 because they could travel longer distances (距离) without stopping.During the 20th century, petrol cars got bigger, heavier, and faster. They needed more fuel, and it c 24 more air pollution. For yea

12、rs, car makers didnt worry about pollution. They didnt worry about the amount of petrol cars used, e 25 . But when people began to realise that there was not enough oil on the earth, they asked car makers to produce more efficient (高效能的) and less polluting cars.One m 26 of solving the problem was a

13、“hybrid” car (混合动力车), one that ran partly on petrol and partly on electricity. Hybrid cars became popular in the 2000s when petrol prices went up and the prices of hybrid cars went d 27 .An all-electric car uses no petrol. The problem, however, is that car batteries (电池) need to be recharged (再充电).

14、That makes electric cars not so useful for long j 28 .Many people are not p 29 with it. The government and car makers are w 30 together to develop safe, cheap, and useful electric cars. When people have these cars in the future, a petrol station may be a thing of the past.（2019天津中考真题）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写

15、所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。The villagers in Mhangeni, Africa. faced a very big challenge(挑战).They didnt have a school for their kids.Then the village elder thought of an i 31 . He said that there was an old, abandoned (废弃的)farmhouse. It could be changed into classrooms after cleaning and furnishing(装设备)it.

16、 All the villagers were p 32 with his suggestion and started the project immediatelyThe parents repaired the broken walls. Some villagers d 33 the house into three classrooms by using pieces of wood. The others helped make desks and chairs for the students. Still, there was much more work to do. But

17、 the rains were coming. They had to s 34 working for the school as it was now the best time for them to plant.So the children of Mhangeni decided to finish the house by t 35 .They had to hurry as summer had ended and other schools had already opened.They didnt want to delay(耽搁) their studies. Every

18、day they were busy with cutting the grass and clearing the bushes(灌木).The news about the project s 36 and many people knew it. Two teachers who worked for the countrys Department ofEducation arrived to help out. and two foreign visitors were also touched (感动) by the childrens a 37 .They donated mone

19、y for them to buy textbooks and stationery.After 10 days of hard work, the new school was r 38 .The kids were very happy but a bit worriedthey were behind in their studies.Besides(除之外)this, they also faced many d 39 .There were not enough classrooms to hold all the students. And two or three student

20、s had to share one book.However, the children are happy to study in schoole 40 in their new school which they helped to build. Though their school might not be modern, their dream of having a school near their homes has come true.（2018天津中考真题）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。How do we know the time

21、? A clock, a watch or a cell phone can help us. However many years ago there were no clocks and knowing the time was not so easy. Over the centuries people have developed different w 41 of telling the time.About 5,500 years ago, the Egyptians i 42 the sun clock. This was a tall stone structure. Its

22、shadow (影子)showed the movement of the s 43 they were able to determine（测定）midday.About 3,500 years ago,the Egyptians made a sundial. It was smaller than the sun clock and could measure (测量)the time for half a day. On c 44 days or at night it was impossible to tell the time with a sun clock or a sund

23、ial.Water clocks were the f 45 clocks not to use the sun. The idea is simple. Water flows（流动） from one container（容器）to another. When the water reaches a certain l 46 it moves a lever (控制杆)and this shows the hours. The Egyptians used water clocks about 3,400 years ago. These clocks were popular in th

24、e Middle East and China but they f 47 o keep accurate（精确的）time.In the 13th century. the mechanical clock was invented. This was more accurate, b 48 was expensive to make. Over the next few centuries it was developed. For example, springs(发条)were added around 1500. This i 49 accuracy and allowed cloc

25、ks to be smaller.In 1927, the first quartz clock was developed. Clocks became cheaper to build and own. People began depending on them more and more to run businesses, markets and so on.More recently, in1956, came the digital clock. And nowadays satellites（人造卫星）send our cell phones the time to the e

26、xact second. There has been a lot of progress in timekeeping but some things never c 50 . Man of us still have trouble getting out of bed on time and not missing appointments.（2020天津统考中考真题）Have you ever heard the saying, “Home, sweet home? This is just another way of saying that its n 51 to be home!

27、 A lot of the people and things we love are at home.What do you like about being at home?What do you like best about being at home? Maybe you like to play with your brothers and sisters. Maybe you e 52 staying with your mum and dad. Maybe you have a pet you like to play with. Spending time with your

28、 family is one thing that makes being at home special.Your bedroom is a 53 thing that makes home special. Your toys, your books, and your favourite things are in your bedroom. Consider what you like best about your room. Is it how it looks? Is it your comfortable b 54 that you sleep on? Maybe you li

29、ke to have a q 55 place to read a book or to think about your day.Mealtime can be a special time at home. Families sit around the table to eat the food Mum or Dad has prepared. Its a time to share interesting s 56 about your day.How do you help at home?There are a lot of things to do to make home a

30、special place. Who does the chores (家庭杂务) l 57 cleaning, cooking, and yardwork (庭院劳动) at your house? When families work t 58 to do the chores, it makes them easier and more fun for everyone. Maybe you can h 59 lay the dinner table or clear the places. Maybe you can pull weeds (草) out of the flower g

31、arden. Maybe you can water the vegetable garden or the houseplants. Think about what you can do, so that w 60 you come home every day, you can say, “Home, sweet home!”（2017天津中考真题）Lan Lan, a student of Grade Seven in Lushan, was taking a drawing class in a tent on April 23. Guess what she drewa house

32、 with wings. When the teacher asked why she did so, Lan said if her house could f 61 , it wouldnt fall down in an earthquake.Lans hometown was hit by a s 62 earthquake on April 20. At least 196 people were killed and more than 11,000 were injured. Many people became homeless. Soldiers and doctors q

33、63 arrived in the area, saving people and rebuilding homes. Lots of money was sent there to help all those in need.Although we cant prevent (阻止) an earthquake from happening, we can use some methods to r 64 harm. During an earthquake, do not jump out of high buildings because it is very d 65 . Anoth

34、er method is to cover your head and neck u 66 a strong table or desk. If there is no shelter (躲避处) nearby, you can also stay by a wall, and cover your head and neck with your arms and hands. And then you must keep calm and stay there u 67 the shaking stops.Japan is a c 68 which lies on the earthquak

35、e belt (地震带) and it is very good at dealing with earthquakes. From a very young age, the Japanese are already taught how to survive (幸存) them. Students often receive earthquake training. Almost in every Japanese family you can find a survival kit (救生装备) with a flash-light, a radio, water and enough

36、food for several days. This helps people to stay a 69 after an earthquake.“There should be more safety t 70 at schools in our country,” said Xu Jiannong, an education expert in Beijing. There is no more truth than this when ones life is the most important of all.（2016天津中考真题）综合填空根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使

37、短文意思完整。每空限填一词。If you pay a visit to Liu Hashengs restaurant in Harbin, you will find 18 robots there. They are ready to serve you and make sure that your dining e 71 is perfect. After the visit, you can tell others that the robots serving customers isnt a dream any more.Its wonderful to see h 72 the

38、 18 robots work in the restaurant. The wonder s 73 when you walk in. Youll see a robot come up and say, Earth person, hello! Welcome to the Robot Restaurant. When you have ordered your m 74 , the robots in the kitchen begin to do the cooking. After the food is p 75 , a robot waiter will glide (滑行) o

39、ut of the kitchen to serve you with the meal youve ordered. And as customers enjoy their d 76 food, a robot sings lovely songs for them.You may ask, Where did all these robots come from? Liu said they were designed (设计) and m 77 by the Harbin Haohai Robot Company. Liu said he invested (投资) 5 million

40、 yuan in the restaurant, with each robot costing 200,000 yuan to 300,000 yuan. And the w 78 robot team is managed by the workers in the computer room.After a busy day, all the robots will go for a meal, which is e 79 . After 5 hours, the robots can continue their work for a day. The restaurant now p

41、rovides a menu with more than 30 dishes (菜肴), and the average (平均) cost for a dinner is a 80 40 to 50 yuan. Do you want to go and have a try in this restaurant?（2014天津中考真题）综合填空根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整，没空限填一词。On July2, 1937, Amelia Earhart( an American pilot) and Fred Noonan left New Guinea for Ho

42、wland Island in the Pacific. This was the longest and most dangerous part of their t 81 around the world. Earhart had trouble soon after the plane took off. The weather was very bad, so she had to f 82 at 3,000 metres. Going this high, the plane used fuel quickly.After about 20 h 83 , Earhart and No

43、onan got close to Howland Island. The island was o 84 about 65 miles (英里) away, but the bright sun was shining in their faces so they couldnt see it. Near Howland, a ship was w 85 for the plane. Earhart contacted the ship: “We dont have enough fuel,” she said. The ship tried to stay in touch with he

44、r b 86 got no answer. Finally, the ship called for help. People looked for Earhart and Noonan for days. However, they found nothing.What happened to Amelia Earhart? No one knows for sure. D 87 the flight, she probably moved in the wrong direction(方向) because the sun was bright and it was d 88 to see

45、. So she got lost; soon after, her plane ran out of fuel, and she died at sea. Another idea is that she survived(幸存) the plane crash(飞机失事), s 89 to a lonely island, and later died there. Still other think she survived the crash and secretly returned to the U.S. with a new identity(身份).Till now, none

46、 of these i 90 has been proved. People are still wondering about them. (Noonans body has never been found either.) No matter what happened, Earhart probably died as she wished. “When I go,” she said, “Id like best to go in my plane.”91（2012天津中考真题）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。Parents sometimes

47、learn much from their children.Many years ago, a 1 my friend David worked day and night, he was still not rich. One day, when he arrived h 2 after work, he found his 3-year-old daughter was decorating a box with some expensive wrapping paper. He thought she was w 3 money and became angry with her. H

48、e even p 4 his daughter by beating her. However, the little girl brought the box to her father the next morning and said, “This is for you, Daddy. Merry Christmas!” He was embarrassed (尴尬) by his overreaction (过激反应), but he became angry a 5 when he found the box was empty.He shouted at her, “Dont yo

49、u know that when you give someone a present, there should be s 6 inside it?”The little girl looked up at him with t 7 in her eyes and said, “Oh, Daddy. I blew kisses in the box. I filled it with my l 8 . All for you, Daddy.”The father was very surprised. He put his arms around his little girl, and s

50、aid s 9 to her. Later, David told me that he kept that box by his bed for years. When he was discouraged(情绪低落), he would take out an imaginary (想像的) kiss from the box and r 10 the love of the child.参考答案：1(p)leased 2(r)easons 3(e)asier 4(f)ace 5(l)ook 6(a)round 7(s)pread 8(s)ad 9(F)inally 10(s)tay【导语

51、】本文主要介绍了对别人微笑的好处。1句意：例如，当一个人对学习上的进步感到满意时，他或她可能会微笑。be pleased with“对感到满意”，此处指对学习上的进步感到满意。故填(p)leased。2句意：还有其他的好理由经常微笑。根据下文内容及首字母r可知下文中介绍了微笑的理由，reason“理由，原因”，other后接名词复数。故填(r)easons。3句意：首先，微笑比表现不开心更容易。根据“In fact, it only takes 17 muscles to smile. On the other hand, it takes 43 muscles to show unhappi

52、ness.”可知微笑比表现不开心更容易，is后接easy的比较级easier表示“更容易的”。故填(e)asier。4句意：所以，让你脸上的肌肉休息一下，微笑吧！根据“In fact, it only takes 17 muscles to smile. On the other hand, it takes 43 muscles to show unhappiness.”可推出此处用的是脸部肌肉，结合首字母f可知用face表示“脸”。故填(f)ace。5句意：人们可能会通过锻炼或穿漂亮的衣服来使自己看起来漂亮。根据“by exercising or wearing nice clothes”

53、可知做这些是为了看起来漂亮，look“看起来”，不定式符号to后用动词原形，构成不定式。故填(l)ook。6句意：这是因为我们很容易和一个微笑和快乐的人在一起。根据“Almost no one wants to stay with someone who is always unhappy.”可知待在爱笑的人周围很容易，用around表示“在周围”。故填(a)round。7句意：微笑和大笑都能轻易而迅速地从一个人传播到另一个人。根据“from one person to another”可知此处指从人到人的传播，spread“传播”，can后用动词原形。故填(s)pread。8句意：如果一个人

54、悲伤，最好的办法就是分享一个微笑或大笑。根据“It is the easiest way to cheer someone up.”可知要使难过的人高兴起来，is后接形容词sad表示“难过的”。故填(s)ad。9句意：最后，微笑和大笑对身体很好。根据“First . Second . Third .”及首字母F可知此处用Finally表示“最后”。故填(F)inally。10句意：你会发现保持悲伤很长时间是很困难的！根据“for very long”可知此处指长时间保持悲伤，stay“保持，停留”。故填(s)tay。11(s)o 12(w)alk 13(b)ooks 14(c)ome 15(d

55、)ifferent 16(l)ibraries 17(f)all 18(t)ravel 19(l)ater 20(w)orld【导语】本文主要介绍了一些贫穷国家的一些特殊的运送图书的方式。11句意：汽车和卡车没有用处，所以图书馆的书是骑在骆驼背上的。根据“Cars and trucks are not useful.library books arrive on the backs of camels”以及首字母可知前后两句是因果关系，前因后果，用so引导。故填(s)o。12句意：两只骆驼、一个骆驼司机和一个图书管理员一起步行到村庄。根据“Two camels, a camel driver,

56、 and a librarian”以及首字母并结合上文可知汽车和卡车没有用，所以他们是步行，walk“步行”，句子使用一般现在时，主语是复数，动词用原形。故填(w)alk。13句意：在每个村庄，图书管理员都会搭起帐篷，向里面的孩子们展示书籍。根据“the librarian sets up the tent and shows the.to the kids inside”以及首字母可知图书管理员给孩子展示书籍，表泛指用名词复数books“书”。故填(b)ooks。14句意：两周后，骆驼带着新书回来了。根据“back with new books”以及首字母可知是带着新书回来，come bac

57、k“回来”，句子使用一般现在时，主语是复数，动词用原形。故填(c)ome。15句意：泰国北部山区的一些人以不同的方式获取书籍。根据“Some people in the mountains of northern Thailand(泰国) get books in”以及首字母并结合下文可知泰国人获取书籍的方式也不同，修饰名词用形容词different“不同的”。故填(d)ifferent。16句意：他们的“图书馆”由大象携带。根据“are carried by elephants”以及首字母可知此处指图书馆，library“图书馆”，根据are可知主语用名词复数。故填(l)ibraries。1

58、7句意：金属保护书籍免受该地区的大雨影响。根据“The metal protects the books from the heavy rains”以及首字母可知是下雨，fall“落下”，句子使用一般现在时，主语是复数，动词用原形。故填(f)all。18句意：大多数人乘船旅行，他们也乘船携带书籍。根据“by boat and they also carry their books by boat.”以及首字母可知是乘船旅行，travel“旅行”，句子使用一般现在时，主语是复数，动词用原形。故填(t)ravel。19句意：成箱的书留在村子里，几周后被换成新书。根据“Boxes of books

59、are left in villages and are traded(交换) for new books a few weeks”以及首字母可知是几周后换新书，later“之后”。故填(l)ater。20句意：它带来了很多信息。根据“It brings a whole.of information”以及首字母可知是很多信息，a world of“很多”。故填(w)orld。21(e)xpensive 22(W)hen 23(p)opular 24(c)aused 25(e)ither 26(m)ethod 27(d)own 28(j)ourneys 29(p)leased 30(w)orki

60、ng【分析】文章讲了电动汽车的发展史。21句意：在那个时候，汽油和其他燃料相比是昂贵的。根据“petrol prices dropped”可知之前是很昂贵的。故填(e)xpensive。22句意：当汽油价格下降和新技术的发展，电动汽车不再流行。此处表示当某事发生的时候，另一件事发生了，用when引导时间状语从句。故填(W)hen。23句意：相反，汽油汽车变得更受欢迎，因为它们可以不停车行驶更长的距离。根据“because they could travel longer distances without stopping”可知此处讲到汽油汽车的优势，应是变的受欢迎了，popular受欢迎的，

61、形容词作表语。故填(p)opular。24句意：他们需要更多的燃料，而这导致了更多的空气污染。根据“more air pollution”及首字母c可知此处表示引起更多污染，cause引起，再由“needed”可知用一般过去时。故填(c)aused。25句意：他们也不担心汽油汽车的使用量。“didnt worry about”与前面重复，由此推出是也不担心，either也，用于否定句末尾。故填(e)ither。26句意：解决这个问题的一种方法是“混合”汽车，一种部分依靠汽油，部分依靠电力的汽车。根据“solving the problem”可知讲解决问题的方法，结合首字母m可知用method表

62、示“方法”，One后接其单数形式。故填(m)ethod。27句意：混合动力汽车在2000年代开始流行，当时汽油价格上涨，混合动力汽车的价格下降。根据“Hybrid cars became popular in the 2000s”可知混合汽车的价格应是下降了，go down下降。故填(d)own。28句意：这使得电动汽车在长途旅行中不那么有用。根据“The problem, however, is that car batteries need to be recharged.”可知电动汽车需要在充电，不适合长途旅行，journey旅行，long前没有不定冠词或其他限定词，用复数形式journ

63、eys。故填(j)ourneys。29句意：很多人都不满意。根据“That makes electric cars not so useful for long journeys.”可知人们是对电动汽车不能用于长途旅行这一现象不满意。be pleased with对感到满意。故填(p)leased。30句意：政府和汽车制造商正在合作开发安全、便宜、有用的电动汽车。根据“to develop safe, cheap, and useful electric cars.”可知政府和汽车制造厂是一起工作，work工作，are后接现在分词构成现在进行时。故填(w)orking。31idea 32ple

64、ased 33divided 34stop 35themselves 36spread 37actions 38ready 39difficulties 40especially【分析】本文介绍了生活在非洲的mhangeni的村民。他们面临着一个巨大的挑战，他们没有为孩子们提供学校。村长说可以把一座废弃的旧农舍用作教室。所有村民都很满意，立即开始了这项工程。由于雨季的到来，村民们不得不停下来去种植。孩子们决定自己接着修建教室。这个消息不胫而走。两位教师前来帮助。两位外国游客也被孩子们的行为所感动。经过10天的努力，新学校已经准备好了。但是他们还面临许多困难：没有足够的教室容纳所有的学生。两到三

65、个学生不得不共用一本书。虽然这样，但是孩子们还是很高兴的，因为他们在自己修建的学校里读书。31句意：这时村长想到了一个主意。根据He said that there was an old, abandoned (废弃的)farmhouse. It could be changed into classrooms after cleaning and furnishing(装设备)it. 他说有一座废弃的旧农舍。它可以在打扫清洁和装饰后用作教室。可知，这是村长所想到的一个主意，再结合首字母提示可知，填：idea。因为前面有不定冠词an，因此idea用单数。故答案为idea。32句意：所有村民都对

66、他的建议很满意，立即开始了这项工程。根据started the project immediately. 立即开始了这项工程。说明村民们对于村长的提议很满意，再结合首字母提示可知，填：pleased。be pleased with：对感到满意。所以答案为：pleased。33句意：一些村民用木头把房子分成三个教室。根据Some villagers d3the house into three classrooms by using pieces of wood. 一些村民用木头把房子_ 三个教室。可知，应该是把房子分成三个教室，再结合首字母提示可知，填：divide。本文叙述过去发生的事情，因

67、此用一般过去时，divide的过去式为divided。所以答案为：divided。34句意：他们不得不停止为学校工作，因为现在是他们种植的最佳时机。根据But the rains were coming. 和as it was now the best time for them to plant.可知，由于雨季的到来，这是人们种植的最好时节，因此应该是停止建学校。再结合首字母提示可知，填：stop。had to是情态动词，后跟动词原形。故答案为stop。35句意：于是，mhangeni的孩子们决定自己建成这座房子。do sth. by oneself，oneself用在动词后面，可以强调主语

68、，表示“某人自己”，和by oneself是一个意思，即表示“靠某人自己”的意思。因此本题应该填反身代词，再结合首字母提示和主语the children of Mhangeni可知，填：they 的反身代词themselves。故答案为themselves。36句意：关于这个项目的消息传开了，很多人都知道。根据many people knew it. 很多人都知道。可知，这个消息是传开了的。再结合首字母提示可知，填：spread。由and后面的句子and many people knew it.可知，该句话的时态为一般过去时，因此and 前面的句子也要用一般过去时。spread的过去式为spr

69、ead。所以答案为：spread。37句意：两位在该国教育部工作的教师前来帮助。两位外国游客也被孩子们的行为所感动。根据The news about the project s6and many people knew it. 关于这个项目的消息传开了，很多人都知道。以及two foreign visitors were also touched (感动) by the childrens a7.两位外国游客也被孩子们的_ 所感动。可知，应该是孩子们的行为感动了他们。再结合首字母提示可知，填：action。又因为该空前面的the childrens是复数的名词所有格，因此后面的名词应该用复数。

70、故答案为actions。38句意：经过10天的努力，新学校已经准备好了。根据After 10 days of hard work, 经过10天的努力。可知，新学校应该是准备好了。再结合首字母提示可知，填：ready。be ready：准备就绪。所以答案为：ready。39句意：除此之外，他们还面临许多困难。根据There were not enough classrooms to hold all the students. And two or three students had to share one book. 没有足够的教室容纳所有的学生。两到三个学生不得不共用一本书。可知，这些都

71、是他们所面临的困难。再结合首字母提示可知，填：difficulty。many后面跟可数名词的复数，difficulty的复数为difficulties。所以答案为：difficulties。40句意：然而，孩子们很乐意在学校学习，尤其是在他们帮助建立的新学校里。由语境和首字母提示可知，填：especially。especially表示陈述某一事实之后，列举一个具有代表性的例子，作进一步强调，其后可接名词、介词短语、从句等。本题就是为了进一步强调，强调孩子们很乐意在学校里学习。因此填：especially。【点睛】英语首字母填空技巧1. 通读短文知大意，看整体全面了解来源：与阅读理解题和其它类型

72、的完形填空一样，首先要通读短文，了解文章的大意。每篇短文段落之间必然承上启下、前呼后应。因此通读全文时要一气呵成，只要能了解短文的大意即可，细节不理解可以跳过。因此，在解题之前通读一遍短文，目的是对文章有个全面的了解，弄清其中心思想和大意。2. 复读短文抓信息，前后照应巧猜词在了解文章大意的前提之下再次通读短文，目的是对短文有更进一步的了解。在阅读时要特别注意一篇文章的开头（一般不设空）和结尾，它们能提供主要的信息，帮助了解全文所描述的事件或文章的中心思想。在阅读过程中，要注意上、下文的关系，这对于把握文章的整体意义大有用处。另外，要学会跳读，即对不理解的地方采用暂时回避的方式，待真正理解全文

73、之后再找解决的方法。有些短文填空题，有时出现约 3%5% 的生词是很正常的，这就要求学生根据构词知识或上、下文的意思加以猜测，来确定它的词义。3. 反复推敲多分析，慎重答题讲合理再次通读短文，对留空的句子进行全面的分析，看它在全文中所处的位置、作用和意义。这一遍阅读要求是精心阅读，要留心找出关键词、短语或句子，还要结合所给首字母的提示，进行填写，并注意单词的正确形式。例如：第3小题，句意：一些村民用木头把房子分成三个教室。根据Some villagers d3the house into three classrooms by using pieces of wood. 一些村民用木头把房子_

74、 三个教室。可知，应该是把房子分成三个教室，再结合首字母提示可知，填：divide。本文叙述过去发生的事情，因此用一般过去时，divide的过去式为divided。所以答案为：divided。4. 认真复查全文，把握整体和词形来源：做完以后，再认真读一遍，检查所填写的单词是否与文章要求相符，文章是否通顺，前后是否呼应，有无句型结构及语法错误。41ways 42invented 43sun 44cloudy 45first 46level 47failed 48but 49improved 50change【分析】本文主要说明了是计时工具的发展历史，从原始计时到机械计时再到数码计时。41 前文提

75、到”A clock, a watch or a cell phone”, 可知这里是在说计量时间的“方法、手段”， 又因为前有形容词 different 修饰，可知不止一种，所以要填复数 ways。42根据前文 people have developed 可知，本文是写古人发明的计时方法， 所以这里填 invent“发明”；根据时间状语“about 5500 years ago”可知要使用一般过去时，所以填 invented.43根据文章可知埃及人发明的 the sun clock 是计时工具，那它的影子记录的肯定是太阳的运动，这里填 sun。44根据文章可知，埃及人发明的 sundial 和

76、 the sun clock 都是通过记录太阳的运动轨迹来计时的，所以在没有太阳的阴天和晚上就用不了了，所以应该填cloudy.45前面两段说的计时工具都是基于太阳的运动，缺点是没有太阳的日子和时间里就用不了。所以根据文章发展，这里写到了 water clocks 是第一种不用太阳而用水来计时的，所以应该是“首次”，填 first.46根据前文，water clock 的工作原理是水从一个容器流到另一个容器，所以随着时间推移，水位应该是不断上升的，所以填 level，表示当水到达一个特定的水位时。47根据这几段的行文逻辑，每次介绍一个计时工具都是先说优点再说缺点， water clock 的优

77、点是没有太阳也能用，所以在中东和中国很受欢迎。根据转折词 but 可知后面该写缺点了，根据下一段“机械钟更加准确”可知水钟的缺点应该是不太准确。所以应该是考 fail to do 不能做什么。又因为全文都是一般过去时，所以填 failed.48机械钟的优点是更加准确，空后面的分句说的是造价高，所以是写缺点，前后出现了语义转折，所以应该填 but.49根据前文“接下来的几个世纪，它被改良了”，所以应该是“提升”了精确性，所以填 improved.50根据前一句“在计时上已经有了很多的进步，但是”可知后面应该出现语义转折，一些东西变了那另一些东西肯定是从来没“改变”，而且通过 nowadays 可

78、知最后一段的时间已转到了现在，所以应该用一般现在时，填 change。点睛：这篇综合填空写的是计时工具的发展历史，从原始计时到机械计时再到数码计时，非常符合中考综合填空题型中科技类说明文的出题特点。其中重点考查了连词 but 前后的语义转折，以及上下文中近义词的相互提示，比如 develop 和 improve。10 道题中有 4 道题出现了词性变化。另一大特点是，生词量较往年有所增加，对考生的词汇量提出了较高要求51nice 52enjoy 53another 54bed 55quiet 56stories 57like 58together 59help 60when【分析】文章介绍了谚语

79、“回家真好”，人们喜欢家里的什么，以及在家能帮忙做什么家务事等等。51句意：这只是另一种方式说回家很好！根据句意理解及前句Have you ever heard the saying, “Home, sweet home”?可知，这里表达的是“回家真好”，空格表示的是“好的”，在句中作表语，所以用形容词nice，故答案为nice。52句意：也许你喜欢和爸爸妈妈呆在一起。根据句意理解及前句Maybe you like to play with your brothers and sisters.可知，这里表达的是“喜欢”，英语是enjoy，前句用的是一般现在时，所以这里也用一般现在时，主语是第二

80、人称，所以动词用原形，故答案为enjoy。53句意：你的卧室是另一个让家变得特别的东西。根据句意理解及前句Spending time with your family is one thing that makes being at home special.可知，这里表达的是“另一个”，英语是another，表示不确定数目的另一个，故答案为another。54句意：这是你在上面睡的舒适的床吗？根据句意理解及空格后that you sleep on可知，这里说的是“床”，英语是bed，而这里指的是“你睡觉的床”，所以应该用单数形式，故答案为bed。55句意：也许你喜欢有一个安静的地方看书或思考

81、你的一天。根据句意理解及后句to read a book or to think about your day可知，这里表达的是“安静的”，英语是quiet，在句中修饰的是空格后面的名词place，故答案为quiet。56句意：现在是分享你一天中有趣故事的时候了。根据句意理解及空格前的share interesting以及空格后的about your day可知，这里指的是“故事”，英语是story，是一个可数名词，所以这里应该用复数形式，表示很多有趣的故事，故答案为stories。57句意：你家里的家务活是谁干的，比如打扫卫生、做饭和庭院劳动？根据句意理解及空格后面的cleaning, co

82、oking, and yardwork可知，空格后面是举例家务，所以这里表达的是“像，比如”，英语是介词like，故答案为like。58句意：当一家人一起做家务时根据句意理解及后句it makes them easier and more fun for everyone.可知，这里表达的是“一起工作”，英语是work together，所以空格缺的是“一起”，故答案为together。59句意：也许你可以帮忙摆好餐桌或者清洁一下。根据句意理解及后句lay the dinner table or clear the places可知，这里表达的是“帮助”，英语是help，而空格前有情态动词ca

83、n，所以这里应该用动词原形，故答案为help。60句意：想想你能做些什么，这样当你每天回家时，你可以说，“家，温馨的家！”根据句意理解可知，这里是一个含有时间状语从句的复合句，所以空格缺的是时间状语从句的连词，表示的是“当时”，所以空格应该用when来引导，故答案为when。61fly 62strong 63quickly 64reduce 65dangerous 66under 67until 68country 69alive 70training【分析】本篇文章难度适中，主要讲述地震以及地震中的自救方法。61句意：当老师问她为什么这么做，兰说，如果她的房子会飞，它就不会在地震中倒下。fl

84、y飞，空前有情态动词，故填fly。62句意：4月20日兰的家乡遭到强地震的袭击。空处为形容词，修饰earthquake，故填strong。63句意：士兵和医生迅速赶到这个地区，来救人并重建家园。空处用副词修饰动词arrived，故填quickly。64句意：尽管我们不能阻挡地震的发生，但是我们可以使用一些方法减少伤害。happen发生，且根据prevent.from doing可知，故填happening。65句意：在地震期间，不要跳楼，因为这样很危险。dangerous危险的。故填dangerous。66句意：另一个方法就是在坚固的桌子下遮住你的头。under在下面。故填under。67句意

85、：你必须保持镇定，待在那里直到摇晃停止。until直到，故填until。68句意：日本是一个位于地震带的国家，日本非常擅于处理地震。country国家，且空前有a，用单数，故填country。69句意：这个会帮助人们震后仍然活着。空前有stay，具有系动词的性质，后跟形容词作表语，故空处用形容词，故填alive。70句意：北京教育专家徐江农说，在我们国家，学校进行地震演练用该会更加安全。train训练，根据there be+V-ing可知，故填training。71experience 72how 73starts 74meal 75prepared 76delicious 77made 78

86、whole 79electricity 80about【分析】试题分析：本文是对哈尔滨机器人餐馆的介绍，本餐馆内有十八个机器人为你服务并保证你的餐饮完美。短文介绍了机器人的工作过程，机器人的技术支持等等。你想要去这家餐饮试一试吗？机器人为顾客服务再也不是一个梦了。71experience句意：它们时刻为你服务并且保证你的餐饮体验完美。餐饮体验、经历，故填：experience.72how句意：看十八个机器人在餐馆里怎样工作是一件奇妙的事。看它们怎样工作，故填：how。73starts句意：奇妙从你进入开始。从一进门，就开始受到机器人的热情招待。故填：starts。74meal句意：当你点了你的

87、餐饭时。点餐：order the meal。故填：meal。75prepared句意：在所有的食物准备好后，一个机器人服务员会从厨房把你点的菜推到你的面前。准备好后，为顾客送到。食物被准备，用被动语态，故填：prepared。76delicious句意：而且当顾客享受美食时，一个机器人为他们唱出甜美的歌。可口的食物，故填：delicious。77made句意：它们由哈尔滨浩海机器人公司设计制作。由制作：be made by。故填：made。78whole句意：所有的机器人团队由电脑室的工作人员控制。整个的，所有的：whole。79electricity句意：忙了一天后，所有的机器人进食，食物是

88、电。机器人充电，补充能量。故填：electricity。80about句意：平均一餐大约在40到50元。表示估计，大约：about。考点：考查社会生活类短文阅读。81travel/tour/trip 82fly 83hours 84only 85waiting 86but 87During 88difficult 89swam 90ideas【分析】试题分析：本文叙述了Amelia Earhart和 Fred Noonan这两名飞行员前往 Howland岛进行了一次旅行。天气恶劣，所以他们不得不飞在3000米的高空，因此燃料用的很快。大约20个小时后，Earhart 和Noonan接近了How

89、land岛。但是，一艘船正等在海上，想和Earhart取得联系，但是没有得到回复。人们在海上搜寻，没有找到。关于Earhart发生了什么事，有很多说法，但是没有一个得到证实。81根据 Amelia Earhart( an American pilot) and Fred Noonan left New Guinea for Howland Island in the Pacific.可知这两名飞行员离开New Guinea前往 Howland，这是一次旅行或旅途。故此处为 travel/tour/trip。句意：这是他们环游世界的最长最危险的旅途的一部分。82根据Earhart had tro

90、uble soon after the plane took off.可知飞机起飞了，故此处他们是飞在空中，故用动词fly。句意：天气恶劣，所以他们不得不飞在3000米的高空。83根据 Earhart and Noonan got close to Howland Island.可知他们接近目的地 Howland Island，因此此次旅途用去大约20个小时，故此处用名词复数hours。句意：大约20个小时后，Earhart 和Noonan接近了Howland岛。84根据about 65 miles (英里) away,可知他们里这个小岛有65英里，此处强调距离近了，故用副词only“只有”。

91、句意：这个小岛只有65英里远。85根据The ship tried to stay in touch with her可知这艘船想和她保持联系，故推断正在等着她，根据was，故此处用现在分词waiting。句意：在靠近Howland岛的地方，一艘船正在等着这架飞机。86根据got no answer可知这艘船想和她取得联系，得不到回复，故此处表示转折关系，故用连词but。句意：这艘船想努力和她取得联系，但是没有得到回复。87结合句意，这架飞机还没有着陆，故此处是在飞行期间，故用介词During。句意：在飞行期间，她可能飞错了方向。88根据because the sun was bright可知

92、阳光太亮了，她很难看清东西，故此处为形容词difficult。句意：因为阳光太亮了，很难看到东西。89因为她是驾驶飞机在一个小岛上面，飞机坠毁，她可能调入大海里，可知她会游到一个孤岛上，故用动词swam。句意：另一种说法是她在飞机失事中幸存下来，游到了一个孤岛上，然后死在那里。90文中对于Earhart 的生死有很多说法，故此处用名词复数形式ideas。句意：直到现在，这些说法，没有一个得到证实。考点：短文填空。91【小题1】although。 【小题2】home。 【小题3】wasting。 【小题4】punished。 【小题5】again。 【小题6】something。 【小题7】te

93、ars。 【小题8】love。 【小题9】sorry。 【小题10】remember。【详解】短文叙述了一个父亲和三岁女儿的感人故事。女儿用昂贵包装纸装饰一个盒子，被父亲视为浪费而遭受惩罚。后来，女儿把这个盒子作为圣诞礼物送给父亲，当父亲发现是个空盒子的时候，又怒喝女儿。原来盒子里装的是女儿的爱，父亲被感动了。好多年了，这个盒子一直伴随着他。【小题1】David日夜工作却不富裕，前后意思转折，用连词although可表示“虽然，尽管”之意。【小题2】根据上下文，是下班回到家的意思 。【小题3】前面已经点明他不富裕。再根据上一句中的“with some expensive wrapping pa

94、per”，可以推测出：被父亲认为是在浪费钱。此动作正在进行，用waste的现在分词形式。【小题4】通过“by beating her”的方式，说明父亲生气后惩罚了女儿。 【小题5】根据整个过程，嫌女儿浪费钱，父亲生过气；看到空盒子，父亲是又一次生气了。【小题6】该句是“There be” 结构。某处有“某物”。【小题7】根据上下文，女儿很委屈，在解释时，眼睛里含的是“眼泪”。【小题8】根据上一句话“I blew kisses in the box.” 和短文最后一段，可推测出，盒子里装满了“女儿的爱”。【小题9】父亲感动了，知道自己误解了女儿，拥抱女儿时，最可能的是说的是sorry。【小题10】上一句话中提到父亲多年来一直保存这个盒子，盒子里装满了女儿的爱，父亲永远记得。