专题03 阅读理解-冲刺2022年中考英语必考题型终极押题（重庆专用）.docx

1、2022年中考英语必考题型终极押题（重庆专用）-阅读理解（2022安徽合肥一模）Bing Dwen Dwen and Shuey Rhon Rhon have become big stars since they were chosen as the mascots (吉祥物) for the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games and the Paralympics. The idea behind these two mascots is to connect Chinese culture with the Games. Its a cartoon im

2、age (形象) of a panda. It looks like a winter sportsman from the future. “Bing” means “ice” in Chinese, which is a symbol of winter sports. “Dwen” suggests health. “Dwen Dwen” gives the image a more friendly feel. Altogether, “Bing Dwen Dwen” shows the spirit of the Olympics, including a strong mind a

3、nd a healthy body. It looks like a red lantern hanging on homes and streets to celebrate Chinese New Year. “Shuey” means “snow” in Chinese. “Rhon Rhon” are two different Chinese characters (汉字) with the same pronunciation. The mascot, “Shuey Rhon Rhon”, means communication among different cultures.1

4、“Bing Dwen Dwen” is a cartoon image of _.Aa tigerBa pandaCa lanternDa snowman2What does the mascot “Shuey Rhon Rhon” mean?AThe strong mind of all sportsmen.BThe spirit of the Olympics.CSportsmen from different cultures.DCommunication among different cultures.3The idea behind the two mascots is to _.

5、Astress the importance of healthBcelebrate Chinese New YearCintroduce ways of communicationDconnect Chinese culture with the Games（2022陕西宝鸡市渭滨区教研室一模）The opening ceremony of an Olympic Games, whether the Summer or Winter Games, is a pageant (盛会). It attracts hundreds of millions of viewers on TV acro

6、ss the world.The message of the opening ceremony for the Beijing 2008 Summer Olympic Games was peace. But the opening ceremony of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games was different. The viewers were treated to a simple but wonderful ceremony. It didnt have the large performances that marked the 200

7、8 opening ceremony. But it was no less symbolic (象征性的) symbolic of a shared future for humankind. Besides, China wants to have a greener Winter Olympics. According to the Beijing 2022s idea of hosting a green Winter Olympic Games, the medal podiums(领奖台) are made of recyclable and environmentally fri

8、endly things. The handmade bouquets (花束), rather than real flowers, will be given to the winners. And all the Olympic venues (场馆) are being run on clean energy. And after the Games, they will be open for the public all year round. In the future, many high-level winter sports events will be held in t

9、hese venues. Also, during the preparation for the Games, all the work was done in an environmentally friendly manner.For China, holding a simple, safe and yet green Olympic Games is not just an idea. It is a way of life for every Chinese.4How was the 2022 Beijing Olympic Games ceremony?APeaceful but

10、 boring.BSimple but wonderfulCSimple and boring.DExpensive and wonderful.5What can we know from the passage above?AFuture people in China will have a lot of money.BWe wont use the Olympic venues any more after the Games.CEvery Chinese can live a simple, safe and green life.DThe medal podiums are use

11、d only once.6What is the best title for the passage?AA Shared Future for HumankindBThe 2022 Beijing Olympic Games CeremonyCThe Preparation for the GamesDGreener Winter Olympics（2022重庆南开中学一模）Wang Yaping, 41, became Chinas first female spacewalker on Nov. 7th evening when she took part in the Shenzhou

12、 XIII missions first extravehicular activity (舱外活动) with Zhai Zhigang.The extravehicular operation began at 6:51 p.m. when Zhai opened a gate. By midnight, they had climbed up the stations robotic arm and used it to practice extravehicular activity and rescue operations with Ye Guangfu remaining ins

13、ide the station to control and support the spacewalk.The spacewalk was expected to further check the robotic arms capabilities (能力), examine the safety and performance of support devices (设施) in an extravehicular task and test a new type of extravehicular suit, because they would have one or two mor

14、e spacewalks in the coming months.A native of Shandong province and mother of a 5-year-old girl, Wang Yaping joined the Peoples Liberation Army Air Force in August 1997. In March 2012, she was part of the backup crew (后备人员) for the Shenzhou IX mission, and in June 2013, she took part in the Shenzhou

15、 X mission, which lasted nearly 15 days. She is the second Chinese woman to have flown in space.During the Shenzhou X flight, Wang gave Chinas first space-based lecture inside the Tiangong I experimental module to more than 60 million Chinese students at about 80,000 schools across the country. Many

16、 students were encouraged after watching Wangs lecture. , they should experience a lot of pain that most people cant stand and keep training all the time.She is such a great woman that people call her “the most beautiful astronaut”. Wish her together with the other astronauts to return safely in a f

17、ew months.7There are _ astronauts in the Shenzhou XIII mission.AtwoBthreeCfourDfive8According to the passage we can know that _.AWang and Ye went out of the spaceship on Nov. 7th eveningBThe extravehicular activity was for several reasonsCWang Yaping is the second woman to have flown in spaceDWang g

18、ave a space-based lecture during the Shenzhou XI flight9Which of the following sentences can be put in the “”?AHowever, to become an astronaut is not easyBBecause to give a lecture in space is coolCSo they want to become astronauts in the futureDThough they may know nothing about space10The best str

19、ucture of this passage may be _.ABCD（2022安徽合肥一模）Do you know 5G? It is the fifth generation of mobile network technology. These new networks are becoming more and more popular. Each mobile network generation is faster and more powerful than the one before it. 1G let us talk to each other. 2G let us s

20、end messages. 3G gave us data and the Internet. And 4G made all of these things faster. Whats special about 5G?5G has a very short delay between sending and receiving information. Now, 4G takes about 100 to 200 milliseconds (毫秒) to send and receive data. But 5G can get it down to 1 millisecond or le

21、ss this is almost real-time. This big change will not only make our mobile Internet faster, but also deeply change our lives. Read on to find out how. 5G+entertainment5G networks are about 100 times faster than 4G. This means you can download a movie in seconds using 5G. Also, virtual reality (VR) g

22、ames will become more popular with 5G. The short delay of 5G will make the games feel even more real.5G+transportation5G will also bring us safer self-driving cars. These cars can send signals (信号) to each other. They also talk to traffic lights and road sensors (传感器). 5G will allow cars to react ev

23、en faster than human drivers. 5G+smart homes5G also makes the Internet of things possible. Internet of things is a large network that connects everything to the Internet. Smart homes are part of it. For example, your toaster can automatically (自动地) start making breakfast after your alarm rings. And

24、if its sensor feels the air becoming dry, a smart sprinkler could water your plants by itself.11What does the underlined word “delay” in Paragraph 4 probably mean in Chinese?A传输B延时C断开D卡顿125G will change peoples lives in many ways EXCEPT _.AhealthBtransportationCsmart homesDentertainment13Whats the m

25、ain idea of the passage?AMobile phone users can use 5G networks.BEach mobile network generation is popular.C5G will change our lives in many ways.D5G will bring us safer self-driving cars.（2022辽宁沈阳模拟预测）We usually think that garbage is useless and dirty. However, an art exhibition in 2019 proves that

26、”useless” things can actually be helpful.Dear Pretty Rubbish, an art event organized by the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWFN) and digital media art company Blackbow, was held in Beijing. It looked at wasteful garbage and asked questions about the relationship between our lifestyles and our garbage.“

27、We hope that everyone who visited the show can think about how useless things are produced, why they are tossed out, and whether useless things are really useless”, said Cao Yujia, the design director at Blackbow.Artists Zhou Yuxuan and Liu Yifan collected nylon cable ties, LED lights and plastic bo

28、ttles from designers workshops to create a work where plastics, in the shape of cells, “grow” in a comer. There, the lights blink(闪烁) regularly just like “breathing”. When people walk near it, the work responds by showing light patterns, as if communicating with the visitors.Speaking about the work,

29、 Zhou said: “Its like some kind of communication between humans and plastics.”Plastic has a life longer than almost any creature, taking centuries to break down. Though people think plastics damage the environment, they are a big part of our daily lives. “So we want to ask the question: Although the

30、 damage continues, is there a way for humans to reconcile (和解) with plastics?” said Zhou.14Which phrase can take the place of the underlined phrase “tossed out”?Aworked outBused upCthrown awayDput off15Which of the following might Zhou agree with?AUseless things are really useless.BArtists should ma

31、ke works from garbage.CPlastics should be left to break down on their own.DHumans should find a better way to deal with plastics.16Which word can best describe the art event?ACreativeBWastefulCBalancedDAwful17Which is the best title of the text?ATry new ways to reduce garageBPlastic pollution around

32、 usCLive peacefully with “garbage”DCommunications between human beings and nature（2022江西宜春一模）During COVID-19, we wear masks to keep us safe. However, many of us may face a problem we cant eat when we wear a mask. Now an Israeli company has created a new inventiona mask that we can wear while eating

33、and it keeps us from the virus(病毒).The mask has a remote-control(摇控的) mouth. You just need to press a button(按钮) to open a hole in the front of the mask so that food can pass through. When you take out your knife or fork, it will close. The company said the mask could protect people from the virus w

34、hen they eat. It plans to start selling the mask at a price of 6 to 20 yuan higher than that of a common medical mask.People have different opinions about the mask. Ofir Hameiri, 32, says that it is a must-have because it allows him to eat while staying safe. However, Ron Silberstein, 29, thinks it

35、wont work when he eats the ice cream. He wouldnt want to wear it because the mask might get dirty.What else have people come up with? Some other cool inventions were created during COVID-19. A Chinese company invented a special helmet(头盔). It can check out people with fevers from up to five meters a

36、way. At the same time, it can show the persons name and medical history, and send this information to nearby hospitals. A Belgian 3D printing company created an invention. It allows people to open doors without using their hands. This way helps to avoid touching the virus.18How does the mask by an I

37、sraeli company work well?ABy adding a mouth to the mask.BBy washing itself each time.CBy testing the virus from food.DBy putting a special fork in the mask.19Why are Ofir Hameiri and Ron Silberstein mentioned in the passage?ATo prove everyone likes the mask.BTo show not everyone likes the mask.CTo t

38、ell people how to use the mask.DTo describe the importance of the mask.20What are all the inventions in the passage used for?AKilling the virus.BHelping us feel great.CMaking our lives easier.DStaying away from the virus.21What does the passage mainly want to tell us?AEveryone should wear a mask to

39、keep safe during COVID-19.BPeople have to keep safe and protect themselves during COVID-19.CA few great inventions were created to keep us safe during COVID-19.DPeople have different ideas about a special mask invented during COVID-19.（2020陕西无模拟预测）Mukbang, a South Korean word, means “eating broadcas

40、t”. It is an online broadcast in which a person eats tons of food while talking with the people watching him or her. It began in South Korea around 2014 and has spread all over the world.Why did mukbang first appear in South Korea? Jeff Yang, an Asian-American cultural critic (批评家), thinks that it i

41、s down to “the loneliness of unmarried or uncoupled South Koreans”. He believes that eating on your own can be hard in a country like South Korea where social eating is a tradition with such a long history. However, eating alone is becoming increasingly common. It seems that mukbang gives people the

42、 feeling that they are part of something larger.Alice Stride, a spokeswoman for the Campaign to End Loneliness, says, “It might bring someone great comfort to watch mukbang.” She is worried if younger people prefer to watch people eating rather than eat with friends or family. But for older people,

43、it could be a comfort. “If you cant go out, if youre ill, for example, then perhaps that will bring you a great sense of comfort. On the whole, though, we would like more people to have face-to-face communication. Its something that wont change.”“I would always encourage people to do whatever makes

44、them feel better as long as it is a healthy habit,” says Ben Edwards, a relationship expert, “I dont think mukbang is a healthy way to have a meal. But if people feel like watching others eat, and it gives them some kind of satisfaction, I see no harm.”22According to Jeff Yang, why is it difficult f

45、or South Koreans to eat alone? Because they _.Ahave the culture of eating togetherBare supporters of ending lonelinessClike joining a larger groupDusually have a big family23What can we infer from Paragraph 3?AMukbang helps most people feel comfortable.BOlder people are more interested in mukbang.CO

46、lder people should offer more comfort to younger people.DYounger people should eat with their friends and family a lot.24What does Ben Edwards think of mukbang?AIt is difficult to do.BIt is healthy for people.CIt is an acceptable thing.DIt is a popular way of eating.（2022广东广州大学附属中学一模）How to fight ag

47、ainst COVID-19? We choose some books to help you. The books were translated into 13 languages, including Japanese, French and Russian. They are convenient for readers to enjoy.Virus, Virus, You Cannot Scare Me!by Mu XiangzhenThe book makes parents and children be able to learnin a fun wayabout how v

48、iruses spread and what people can do to protect themselves. It tells children not to fear about viruses. Besides, it also introduces the idea of getting along well with nature, and hopes children can protect wild life and the natural environmentA Special Spring Festivalby Gao JingThis book pictures

49、childrens special Spring Festival in China during the outbreak of COVID-19. It tells a story of a common family in China. It tries to answer the childs question “Why cant I be allowed to play outside? It tells the child what COVID-19 is, how it spreads, and how we can protect ourselves from it. The

50、pictures show love between family members, friends and everyone.Ten Tips to Fight Monstersby Dong RuihanDad leaves 10 tips to help us fight the virus. Who will win the war? The story will gently teach children how to prevent the disease in a language that they can easily understand. It will help kid

51、s remain calm in the hard time, and encourage them to help family members to prevent the disease.A Brief History of Viruses for Childrenby Changsha White-flag Dolphin Childrens Book WorkshopThis story book tells the origin of the virus, so the readers can understand the history of the virus easily.

52、The book sets up a “Ten Questions about COVID-19” section, which explains the knowledge of COVID-19 (including how it spreads), helping children readers to understand the virus basing on reason and science.25If you want to know the beginning of the virus, you can read _.AVirus, Virus, You Cannot Sca

53、re Me!BA Special Spring FestivalCTen Tips to Fight MonstersDA Brief History of Viruses for Children26The spread of the virus is mentioned in _.a. Virus, Virus, You Cannot Scare Me!b. A Special Spring Festivalc. Ten Tips to Fight Monstersd. A Brief History of Viruses for ChildrenAa, b, cBa, b, dCa, c

54、, dDb, c, d27According to the passage, which statement is NOT TRUE?AThe books were translated into many languages.BChildren can do something to protect themselves.CWe can understand the virus basing on reason and science.DDad raises 10 questions about the virus in Don Ruihans book.（2022浙江温州一模）The op

55、ening ceremony of the 2022 Winter Olympics was held in Beijing on Friday night, February 4th. Social media users described it with these words: amazing, glittering and dazzling. The main stage of the ceremony in the National Stadium, commonly known as the Birds Nest, is designed to be like a huge Ch

56、inese character “Zhong”, covering almost the whole stage. In fact, it is the worlds largest ground LED screen. The screen, with a size of 10,552 square meters, was actually made up of about 42,000 small LED modules. The supersized ground screen, together with a 10-meter-high vertical screen, allowed

57、 the audience to have a wonderful experience.To build such a big ground LED screen wasnt an easy task. As the main stage, on which all performances and the Parade of Nations took place, it had to be wear-resistant, water-proof, electrically safe and able to support heavy weights. What was more chall

58、enging, as the stadium is open-air, the ground screen had to be able to support the winter freezing temperature, as well as weather like rain and snow. To solve all the challenges, technicians built a special protective covering for it.With the help of AI, 5G, AR and naked-eye 3D technologies from t

59、he company CALA, which once offered them to the 2008 Beijing Summer Olympics opening ceremony, the ceremony presented many amazing moments. The most unforgettable moment is when the Olympic Rings were “carved out” of a 3D cube shaped like a block of ice on the screen. Another great point is that chi

60、ldren sang and danced across the stage, when stars appeared on the screen under their feet.Thanks to the screens, creative ideas and high technologies, the two-hour ceremony only needed around 3,000 excellent performers, compared with 15,000 during the 2008 Beijing Summer Olympics opening ceremony.

61、It greatly meets the theme of energy saving. Thomas Bach, the president of IOC believed that the 2022 Olympic Winter Games would be “in safe hands” when Beijing won the bid in 2015. The amazing ceremony showed the world that China has kept its promise of hosting a fantastic event with strong determi

62、nation and confidence.28The main stage is _.Athe largest vertical LED screenBsimilar to “Zhong” in ChineseCcovering the edge of the stadiumDabout 10,552 meters in height29The underlined word “them” refers to _.Athe technologies the ceremony usedBthe moments the ceremony presentedCthe screens that we

63、re served for the kidsDthe rings that were “carved out” of the ice30What can we infer from the last paragraph?AExcellent performers played quite an important role in energy saving.BBach promised the Games would be safe when Beijing made the bid.CChina made a great effort to achieve a victory of the

64、opening ceremony.DThe ceremony was such a creative one that more performers attended it.31Whats the main idea of the passage?AThe high technology explores a new field in China.BThe LED screen brings a big surprise for the world.CThe opening ceremony is a difficult task for Olympics.DThe 2022 Winter

65、Olympics presents amazing memories.（2022陕西西安一模）Xian, the capital of Shaanxi Province, has been under lockdown (封锁) since the breakout of COVID-19 cases in late 2021. Although life was seriously affected, people still remained optimistic (乐观的) to fight the pandemic (流行病). Also, our health care worker

66、s have provided nucleic acid test (核酸检测) for us in the past few months. Although many volunteers in the communities faced great challenges, they never stopped working. In order to praise health care workers and describe how Xian people lived their life during the pandemic, the people of Xian made a

67、video shortly after the lockdown. It shows that people expect to have “the big meal”Pao Mowhen the pandemic is over. And the video describes walking on the City Wall. It was built during the Ming Dynasty, and it is the best-protected wall in China so far. The video also describes visiting the Han Ta

68、ng Book City, a famous bookstore in Xian. During the Han and Tang dynasties, Xian was the capital of China.In this video, you will see people working hard in the wind and snow, and the citys amazing nightlife. It helps us understand the city better: its special culture, peoples daily life and their

69、love for their hometown. Welcome to Xian when the pandemic disappears, and the ancient city will start again!32From Paragraph 1, we can know COVID-19 broke out in Xian in _.Aearly 2020Blate 2021Clate 2022Dearly 202133What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 3 refer to?AThe bookstore.BThe City

70、 Wall.CThe Pao Mo.DThe video.34What have we learned from this passage?AOur life has been seriously affected and people didnt remain optimistic.BThe City Wall was built during the Han and Tang dynasties.CThe City Wall was the best-protected wall in China so far.DBecause many volunteers faced great ch

71、allenges, they stopped working.（2021陕西师大附中一模）As space science develops, man has learned more and more about space. Space is not only amazing but also dangerous. While working in space, spacemen are facing danger as well as success.Scientists have found out that the radiation (辐射) is the greatest dan

72、ger to spacemen in space. When spacemen are working in space, they are in danger of the radiation from the sun and other stars, which is bad for their health. The harm of the radiation wont be discovered until their children or even grandchildren are born. Some special medicine may work a little, bu

73、t no really effective (有效的) medicine has been found so far.Space junk is also thought to be a great danger to spacemen. Its reported that there were 9,000 man-made things flying in space. About 30% of these are satellites, 10% are spaceships, and the rest are space junk. An explosion (爆炸) in space i

74、n 1999 made a cloud of 300,000 fragments, each at least 4mm in size, and even a small piece of these knocked against a spaceship window and did some damage (损坏).Scientists are watching and reporting any possible danger all the time. They are working on helpful ways to do with space junk. Although sp

75、ace is really dangerous, it interests everyone on the earth. In the near future, it may become possible for people to spend a few days in a space hotel. We may even choose to leave the earth and live in space in a few years. So we should care for space and do something to help improve the space envi

76、ronment.35Most of the man-made things flying in space are _.AsatellitesBspaceshipsCspace shuttlesDspace junk36The underlined word “fragments” probably means “_.”ApiecesBformsCsmogDUFO37Which of the following is TRUE?AScientists have found out ways to solve any problem in space.BEvery one of us can h

77、ave a travel to space in ten years.CThe harm of the radiation may be found in the spacemens children.DSpace is really dangerous, so it doesnt interest anyone on the earth.（2022湖南长沙一模）Beijing holds the 2022 Winter Olympics in February. It makes Beijing the first city to hold both the summer and winte

78、r games. There will be seven winter sports and lets learn some of them.Figure skatingIt started in Britain in the 18th century. In a pair event, skaters show lots of amazing movements along with nice music. It looks as if they are dancing on ice. Its beauty makes lots of people fall in love with it

79、and enjoy it most.SnowboardingUnder the sport of skiing, it started in America in the 1990s. The players have to show their skiing skills and race down the snow-covered hill as fast as possible.Ice hockeyIt is a flexible(灵活的)and fast team sport. It draws big crowds at the Winter Olympics. The mens i

80、ce hockey has been on the program since 1924 and the womens started in 1998. Each match has three 20-minute parts with two 15-minute breaks.LugeIt is the fastest of the three sliding(滑行)sports (bobsleigh, luge and skeleton) in this event. Inside the stadium, the rider lies on the back on a tiny luge

81、 and races down at the speed of about 140 km/h.38This article probably comes from the _ part of a newspaper.AscienceBhealthCsports39From the article, we know _ is the most enjoyable among the four winter sports.Afigure skatingBsnowboardingCice hockey40Which of the following is TRUE according to the

82、article?AThe womens ice hockey started in 1924.BA player shows skiing skills in snowboarding.CLuge is the most dangerous outdoor winter sport.（2022山东东平县实验中学一模）The Olympic flame (火焰) has been put out, bringing down the curtain (帷幕) on the 2022 Winter Olympics in Beijing. But passion lingers (继续存留) fo

83、r a sporting event that has inspired the world during the pandemic, said Xinhua.International Olympic Committee (IOC) President Thomas Bach called the Games “truly exceptional” in his closing ceremony speech at the National Stadium. “The Olympic spirit could only shine so brightly because the Chines

84、e people set the stage in such an excellent way and in a safe way,” he said.At Beijing 2022, a total of 2,877 athletes (运动员) from 91 countries and regions competed for 109 gold medals. Through 17 days of outstanding performances on the ice and snow, 17 Olympic records, including two world records, w

85、ere broken. “This is a real example of the Olympic motto(口号): Faster, Higher, Stronger, Together,” said Cai Qi, president of the Beijing organizing committee.As the first city to ever host both the Summer and Winter Olympics, Beijing provided thoughtful services to all the participants (参与者).Beijing

86、 2022 was the first international multi-sport event to be held on schedule during the COVID-19 pandemic. Athletes were kept safe within a closed loop (闭环), preventing any imported cases (输入性病例) from spreading to the outside public. “With an infection rate (感染率) of 0.01, it was one of the safest plac

87、es on the planet, if not the safest place on the planet, and this is a great achievement,” said Bach.The popularity of ice and snow sports is growing around China. The country has achieved its goal to engage (使参与) 300 million people in winter sports. Winter sports facilities (设施) have even spread to

88、 the southern parts of China where winters are warmer. For example, an indoor ski resort (滑雪场) opened in Guangzhou. The Sunac Snow Park is as large as 22 soccer fields and has received more than 2 million visitors since it opened in 2019, reported Xinhua.41Thomas Bach agreed that the 2022 Beijing Wi

89、nter Olympics were .AunexpectedBunsafeCsuccessfulDhurried42Paragraph 3 is written to show the Games .Amain achievementsBparticipating nationsCmedal ranking(排列)Dnew Olympic records43In view of the pandemic, what actions did China take at the Winter Olympics?AThe high-risk events were cancelled.BImpor

90、ted cases were under control in a closed loop.CInfected athletes were sent back to their countries.DParticipants were vaccinated (接种疫苗) in China.44What is the main message of the last paragraph?AMore people around the world will pay attention to China.BWinter sports are less popular in southern Chin

91、a.CChina is rich with snow and ice resources.DChinas winter sports have developed quickly.（2022江苏无锡一模）In April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first man to travel in space. On July 20, 1969, Neil Armstrong became the first man to walk on the Moon. Some people believe the next step is for humans to vis

92、it Mars. Theres no doubt that the first person to walk on Mars will become as famous as Gagarin or Armstrong, and many astronauts would love the opportunity. But what is space travel really like for the astronauts?Many astronauts suffer physical problems, even if they are in space for just a few mon

93、ths. Some of these problems are short-lived; others may be long-lasting. More than two-thirds of all astronauts suffer from motion sickness while traveling in space. In space, the body cannot tell up from down. The body sends confusing signals to the brain, which can result in feeling sick for a few

94、 days. The amount of blood and water in the body also ends up being sent differently. More blood and water end up in the face, neck, and chest, resulting in a puffy (肿胀的) face and an enlarged heart.For the duration of their task, astronauts experience conditions that influence their health. For exam

95、ple, their bones get weaker. Being in a weightless environment means that astronauts do not use the muscles (肌肉), so their muscles gradually get weaker. This, along with the change of blood to the upper body and the resulting loss of important minerals (矿物质), causes bones to weaken. As a result, man

96、y astronauts are unable to walk properly for a few days upon their return to Earth. In addition, they are exposed to radiation (辐射) from the sun. This puts them at a higher risk of serious illness.In addition to physical difficulties, astronauts who travel for long periods may also suffer from psych

97、ological stress. Long journeys require astronauts to spend more time inside a spaceship. For example, a round-trip journey to Mars could take about three years. Being confined in a small space for such a long period of time is not healthy.Astronauts especially those who achieved important “firsts” s

98、uch as Gagarin and Armstrong are often seen as exciting adventurers. This may be right, but its also worth remembering the efforts they make to explore our universe.45According to Paragraph 2, what physical problem do astronauts suffer?ATheir hearts send weakened signals to their bodies.BThey may fe

99、el sick because of confusing signals.CThey may live shorter after travelling in space.DTheir brains often get less blood and water.46The underlined word “confined” in Paragraph 4 probably means “_”.AkeptBtrainedCallowedDserved47What is the writers main purpose in writing this passage?ATo encourage p

100、eople to be the first ones to visit Mars.BTo question whether humans are able to go to Mars soon.CTo discuss what is the best health care for astronauts in space.DTo remind us of the price astronauts pay for exploring universe.参考答案：1B2D3D【解析】【导语】本文介绍了2022年北京冬奥会和残奥会的吉祥物“冰墩墩”和“雪容融”及其设计理念。1细节理解题。根据“Its

101、 a cartoon image of a panda.”可知冰墩墩是熊猫的卡通形象。故选B。2细节理解题。根据“The mascot, Shuey Rhon Rhon, means communication among different cultures.”可知吉祥物雪容融象征着不同文化之间的交流。故选D。3细节理解题。根据“The idea behind these two mascots is to connect Chinese culture with the Games.”可知这两个吉祥物的设计理念是将中国文化与奥运会联系起来。故选D。4B5C6D【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了

102、冬奥会的成功之处，虽然形式简单，但非常成功，获得了很多人的喜爱。4细节理解题。根据第一段“It attracts hundreds of millions of viewers on TV across the world.” 和最后一段“For China, holding a simple, safe and yet green Olympic Games is not just an idea.”可知，2022北京冬奥会很简单，但很精彩。故选B。5细节理解题题。根据最后一段“For China, holding a simple, safe and yet green Olympic G

103、ames is not just an idea. It is a way of life for every Chinese.”可知，每个中国人都过着一种简单、安定且环保的生活。故选C。6最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了中国举办了一场简单但是更环保的冬奥会。故选D。7B8C9A10D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国女宇航员王亚平的故事。7细节理解题。根据“when she took part in the Shenzhou XIII missions first extravehicular activity (舱外活动) with Zhai Zhigang.”以及“re

104、scue operations with Ye Guangfu remaining inside the station to control and support the spacewalk.”可知，王亚平与翟志刚一起参加神舟十三号任务的首次舱外活动，叶光富留在空间站内控制和支持太空行走。可推知，神舟十三号任务中有3名宇航员。故选B。8细节理解题。根据“She is the second Chinese woman to have flown in space.”可知，王亚平是第二位在太空飞行的女性。故选C。9推理判断题。根据“they should experience a lot of

105、 pain that most people cant stand and keep training all the time.”可知，此处是说他们应该经历很多大多数人无法忍受的痛苦，并一直坚持训练。可推知，此处是说宇航员的不易之处，A项“要成为一名宇航员是不容易的”符合题意。故选A。10篇章结构题。根据文章结构分析，可知第一段讲了事件的背景信息；第二、三段讲了事件内容；第四、五段讲了王亚平的经历；第六段讲了人们对王亚平的评价以及愿望，是结尾。所以结构图D符合题意。故选D。11B12A13C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了5G相较于前几代的优势，并且5G会深深地改变我们的生活。11词

106、句猜测题。根据下文“Now, 4G takes about 100 to 200 milliseconds (毫秒) to send and receive data. But 5G can get it down to 1 millisecond or less this is almost real-time”可推断，5G的延迟时间比4G更短，故“delay”此处指的是“延迟”，故选B。12细节理解题。根据原文“5G+ entertainment 5G+ transportation 5G+ smart homes”可知，5G不会改变人们的健康状况。故选A。13主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本

107、文是一篇说明文，介绍了5G相较于前几代的优势，并且5G会深深地改变我们的生活。故选C。14C15D16A17C【解析】【导语】本文介绍了2019年的一场艺术展证明，“无用”的东西实际上是有用的，由此告诉我们要合理利用“垃圾”。14词义猜测题。根据“We hope that everyone who visited the show can think about how useless things are produced, why they are tossed out, and whether useless things are really useless”可知，此处说的是要思考无用

108、的东西是如何产生的，为什么会被扔掉，以及无用的东西是否真的无用，所以短语“tossed out”指的是“扔掉”，故选C。15推理判断题。根据“Though people think plastics damage the environment, they are a big part of our daily lives. “So we want to ask the question: Although the damage continues, is there a way for humans to reconcile (和解) with plastics?” said Zhou.”可

109、知，周认为人类应该找到更好的方法来处理塑料，故选D。16推理判断题。根据“an art event organized by the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWFN) and digital media art company Blackbow, was held in Beijing.”以及“Artists Zhou Yuxuan and Liu Yifan collected nylon cable ties, LED lights and plastic bottles from designers workshops to create a work

110、where plastics.as if communicating with the visitors.”可知，这个艺术活动是非常有创意的，故选A。17最佳标题题。根据“So we want to ask the question: Although the damage continues, is there a way for humans to reconcile (和解) with plastics?”以及整个文章的理解可知，本文介绍了2019年的一场艺术展证明，“无用”的东西实际上是有用的，由此告诉我们要合理利用“垃圾”，故选C。18A19B20D21C【解析】【导语】本文介绍了几

111、个能让人们远离病毒的发明创造，包括吃饭时用的口罩、远距离测量体温的头盔和不需要用手就能开门的工具。18细节理解题。根据“The mask has a remote-control(摇控的) mouth.”可知，该公司在口罩上添加了一个可遥控的嘴，吃东西时可以使用。故选A。19推理判断题。根据“People have different opinions about the mask.”可知，大家对于这种口罩的看法不一，有人喜欢，有人不喜欢，提到两人的观点是为了说明不是每个人都喜欢这种口罩。故选B。20细节理解题。根据第二段“The company said the mask could pro

112、tect people from the virus when they eat.”，第四段“Some other cool inventions were created during COVID-19.”以及“This way helps to avoid touching the virus.”可知，这些发明都是为了让人们远离新冠病毒。故选D。21主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了几个能让人们远离病毒、保障安全的发明创造，C项符合主旨。故选C。22A23D24C【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了不同的人对于“吃播”的看法。22细节理解题。根据“He believes that eating

113、 on your own can be hard in a country like South Korea where social eating is a tradition with such a long history.”可知，Jeff Yang认为对于韩国人来讲，独自吃饭比较困难是因为韩国人有着悠久的饭桌社交传统。故选A。23推理判断题。根据“On the whole, though, we would like more people to have face-to-face communication. Its something that wont change.”可知，希望

114、更多的人进行面对面的交流，因此年轻人应多与他们的家人和朋友一起吃饭。故选D。24推理判断题。根据最后一段Ben Edwards所说的话“But if people feel like watching others eat, and it gives them some kind of satisfaction, I see no harm.”可以推断出，他认为吃播这种现象是可以被接受的。故选C。25D26B27D【解析】【导语】本文主要向读者介绍了四本书来了解如何抗击新冠肺炎。25细节理解题。根据第四栏“This story book tells the origin of the viru

115、s, so the readers can understand the history of the virus easily.”可知，这本故事书讲述了病毒的起源，故选D。26细节理解题。根据“The book makes parents and children be able to learnin a fun wayabout how viruses spread and what people can do to protect themselves. It tells children not to fear about viruses.”，“It tells the child w

116、hat COVID-19 is, how it spreads, and how we can protect ourselves from it.”和“The book sets up a Ten Questions about COVID-19 section, which explains the knowledge of COVID-19 (including how it spreads), helping children readers to understand the virus basing on reason and science.”可知，第一、二、四栏都谈到了病毒的传

117、播，故选B。27细节理解题。根据第四栏“The book sets up a Ten Questions about COVID-19 section, which explains the knowledge of COVID-19 (including how it spreads), helping children readers to understand the virus basing on reason and science.”可知，是这本书A Brief History of Viruses for Children里提到了10个问题，而不是Dong Ruihan写的这本书

118、Ten Tips to Fight Monsters，故选D。28B29A30C31D【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了冬奥会开幕式舞台设计理念和所运用到的高科技方法。28细节理解题。根据“The main stage of the ceremony in the National Stadium, commonly known as the Birds Nest, is designed to be like a huge Chinese character “Zhong”可知，主舞台被设计得像一个“中”字，故选B。29词义猜测题。根据“With the help of AI, 5G, AR a

119、nd naked-eye 3D technologies from the company CALA, which once offered them to the 2008 Beijing Summer Olympics opening ceremony, the ceremony presented many amazing moments”可知，在高科技的帮助下，2008年北京夏季奥运会开幕式上出现了许多令人惊叹的时刻，所以them指代的是夏季奥运会开幕式上应用的技术手段，故选A。30推理判断题。根据“The amazing ceremony showed the world that

120、China has kept its promise of hosting a fantastic event with strong determination and confidence”可推知，中国为取得开幕式的胜利付出了巨大的努力，故选C。31主旨大意题。根据“Social media users described it with these words: amazing, glittering and dazzling”及全文的描述可知，2022年冬奥会给人们留下了美好的回忆，故选D。32B33D34C【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述为了感谢疫情期间在西安工作的医护人员，西安人民制作

121、了一个小视频，并详细地介绍了这个视频里面的内容。32细节理解题。根据“Xian, the capital of Shaanxi Province, has been under lockdown (封锁) since the breakout of COVID-19 cases in late 2021”可知，西安的疫情在2021年底爆发，故选B。33词义猜测题。根据“In this video, you will see people working hard in the wind and snow, and the citys amazing nightlife”以及“It helps

122、us understand the city better”可知，这个视频帮我们更好地了解这座城市，所以“it”代指“the video”，故选D。34细节理解题。根据“It was built during the Ming Dynasty, and it is the best-protected wall in China so far”可知，它是中国迄今为止保护得最好的城墙，故选C。35D36A37C【解析】【导语】本文介绍了宇航员们在太空当中也会面临着许多危险，其中主要是辐射和太空垃圾的威胁；辐射对宇航员们的伤害可能会在他们的第二代甚至第三代身上表现出来；太空垃圾对人们探测宇宙有很大

123、的不利影响。35细节理解题。根据“Its reported that there were 9,000 man-made things flying in space. About 30% of these are satellites, 10% are spaceships, and the rest are space junk.”可知在太空中飞行的大多数人造物体是卫星。故选D。36词义猜测题。根据“and even a small piece of these knocked against a spaceship window and did some damage”可知爆炸会产生碎片

124、，一片小的碎片会给飞船带来损害。fragments意为“碎片”。故选A。37细节理解题。根据“The harm of the radiation wont be discovered until their children or even grandchildren are born.”可知辐射的危害可能在宇航员的孩子甚至孙子身上发生，C项正确。故选C。38C39A40B【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了介绍了冬奥会所包括的几个体育项目。38推理判断题。通读整篇短文可知，这篇短文主要讲述了冬奥会所包括的几个体育项目，可知与体育有关，故选C。39细节理解题。根据文中“In a pair event

125、, skaters show lots of amazing movements along with nice music. It looks as if they are dancing on ice. Its beauty makes lots of people fall in love with it and enjoy it most.”可知，滑雪是四项冬季运动中最令人愉快的。故选A。40细节理解题。根据文中“The players have to show their skiing skills and race down the snow-covered hill as fas

126、t as possible.”可知，一名运动员在滑雪板上展示滑雪技巧。故选B。41C42A43B44D【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了2022年北京冬奥会。41推理判断题。根据“International Olympic Committee (IOC) President Thomas Bach called the Games “truly exceptional” in his closing ceremony speech at the National Stadium.”可知，他认为此次奥运会非常出色，也就是说2022年北京冬奥会是非常成功的，故选C。42主旨大意题。根据第三段“Thro

127、ugh 17 days of outstanding performances on the ice and snow, 17 Olympic records, including two world records, were broken”可知，主要介绍了此次奥运会获得的成绩，故选A。43细节理解题。根据“Athletes were kept safe within a closed loop ( 闭 环 ), preventing any imported cases (输入性病例) from spreading to the outside public.”可知，所有运动员都是闭环控制

128、，故选D。44主旨大意题。根据最后一段内容可知，冰雪运动在中国越来越受到人们的欢迎，甚至在中国的南方地区都有冬季运动设施，说明了冰雪运动在中国的快速发展，故选D。45B46A47D【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了对于宇航员来说，太空旅行到底是什么样子的。告诉我们宇航员为探索宇宙所付出的代价，记住他们为探索我们的宇宙所做的努力。45细节理解题，根据“More than two-thirds of all astronauts suffer from motion sickness while traveling in space. . More blood and water end up in

129、the face, neck, and chest, resulting in a puffy face and an enlarged heart.”可知在太空中，人体无法分辨上下。身体会向大脑发送混乱的信号，这可能会导致几天的不适。故选B。46词义猜测题。根据“Long journeys require astronauts to spend more time inside a spaceship. ”和“Being confined in a small space for such a long period of time is not healthy.”可推知，应该是一直待在狭小

130、的空间里这么长时间是不健康的。being confined“被局限在”与being kept“被保持在”意思相近，故选A。47主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Astronauts especially those who achieved important firsts such as Gagarin and Armstrong are often seen as exciting adventurers. This may be right, but its also worth remembering the efforts they make to explore our universe.”可知短文是想告诉我们宇航员为探索宇宙所付出的代价，要记住他们为探索我们的宇宙所做的努力。故选D。