专题05 必修一Unit 4-2023年高考英语一轮复习小题多维练（人教版2019）.docx

1、备战2023高考英语重难点单词变形及词组(单词词组默写+能力提升训练)专题04 必修一 Unit 4第一部分单词词组默写Part 1词性转换1.death n死；死亡_ adj无生命的2.shock n震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt(使)震惊_ adj令人震惊的_ adj感到震惊的3. breathe vi& vt呼吸_ n呼吸4. revive vt& vi复活；(使)苏醒_ n振兴；复苏5. unify vi& vt统一；(使)成一体_ vi& vt团结6. suffer vt遭受；蒙受 vi(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦_ n折磨；苦难Part 2 核心词组1._ 自然灾害2._ 空难3.

2、_（使）滑入; 溜进4._ 大量的5._从中营救某人/某物6._对引起损害7._对造成损害8._ 动物收容处9._保护免受10._躲避（风、雨或危险）11._似乎；好像；仿佛12._严重受损；破败不堪13._ 震惊；吃惊14._被困在中15._诱使某人（做）某事16._屏住气17.out of breath _18.make an effort _19.suffer from _20.supply sb with sth = supply sth to sb_21.in the open air _22.survive from sth_答案：Part 1词性转换1.death n死；死亡de

3、ad adj无生命的2.shock n震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt(使)震惊shocking adj令人震惊的shocked adj感到震惊的3. breathe vi& vt呼吸breath n呼吸4. revive vt& vi复活；(使)苏醒revival n振兴；复苏5. unify vi& vt统一；(使)成一体unite vi& vt团结6. suffer vt遭受；蒙受 vi(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦suffering n折磨；苦难 Part 2 核心词组1.natural disasters 自然灾害2.an air disaster 空难3.slide into（使）滑入

4、; 溜进4.a flood of 大量的5.rescue sb./ sth. from从中营救某人/某物6.cause damage to sb/sth对引起损害7.do damage to sb/sth对造成损害8.an animal shelter 动物收容处9.shelter sb/sth from sb/sth保护免受10.shelter from sth躲避（风、雨或危险）11.as if 似乎；好像；仿佛12.in ruins严重受损；破败不堪13.in shock 震惊；吃惊14.be trapped in被困在中15.trap sb into（doing）sth诱使某人（做）某

5、事16.hold ones breath 屏住气17.out of breath 上气不接下气18.make an effort 作出努力19.suffer from 因而痛苦；患有（疾病等）20.supply sb with sth = supply sth to sb向某人提供某物21.in the open air 露天；在户外22.survive from sth从中幸存下来第二部分能力提升训练一、用单词的适当形式完成句子1I am sure that reading will have _ effect on your mind. 2The park was full of peop

6、le,_ (enjoy) themselves in the sunshine. 3It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as if I_（do）it?4The _(long) of the flooded river has not been clear. 5We have to wait until the discussion between them comes _ an end. 6His friend has suffered _ lung cancer for years. 7It was a _s

7、tory, and we all got _(shock). 8She received many letters of support from some cancer _（suffer）. 9It can also _(affect) by power and class, but not necessarily so.10_ summary, it is my opinion that this complete treatment process is very successful. 二、选用适当的单词或短语补全句子选词填空11Try to _ and just tell me wh

8、at happened.12Childrens lives are _ every time they cross this road.13They had to sleep _ after the earthquake.14Dan and I usually _ to cook.15_ , I would like to thank you for offering me this opportunity.16The emergency services were _ with medical advice.17I want you to _ my daughter.18She looked

9、 around to _ that she was alone. 三、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Strange things were happening in Tangshan. For a few days, the water in the wells rose and fell. From the cracks in the well walls, some smelly gas came out. Mice, chickens and pigs became nervous. 19 people didnt realiz

10、e that one of the deadly earthquakes was on the way.The earthquake which destroyed the city 20(shock) the people. At 3:42 am, everything began to shake. It seemed as if the world were coming to 21 end. In less than one minute, the city lay in ruins. Two thirds of the people died or were 22(injure).

11、Then, later that afternoon, another big quake shook Tangshan. However, hope was not lost. Soon after the quakes, soldiers were sent 23 (rescue) the people. They dug out those who 24(trap) and buried the dead. More than 10,000 doctors and nurses came to provide medical care. Workers built shelters fo

12、r survivors 25 homes had been destroyed. 26(slow), the city began to breathe again.With strong support from the government, a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins. The city has proved 27 China and the rest of the world that in times of disaster, people must unify and show the 28(wise) to

13、 stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future. 参考答案1an【详解】考查固定短语。句意：我相信阅读会对你的思想产生影响。have an effect on是一个固定短语，意为：对有影响；对起作用，产生效果。故填an。2enjoying【详解】考查现在分词。句意：公园里有很多人，他们在阳光下玩得很开心。分析句子结构可知，_ (enjoy) themselves in the sunshine作people的定语， enjoy与其逻辑主语people之间是主动关系，用现在分词，所以填enjoying。3had done【详解】考查时态。句意：是

14、约翰打破了窗户。你为什么跟我说话就好像是我干的似的？此处是由as if引导的虚拟语气，题中broke表明“打坏窗户”发生在“过去”，与过去事实相反，as if / though后面的从句用过去完成时（had done）表示对“过去”的虚拟。故填had done。4length【详解】考查名词。句意：洪水泛滥的那条河的长度还不清楚。此处作主语，表示“长度”应用名词length，不可数。故填length。5to【详解】考查介词和固定搭配。句意：我们必须等到他们之间的讨论结束。come to an end意为“结束”，为固定搭配，所以此处应用介词to。故填to。6from【详解】考查固定短语。句意：

15、他的朋友患肺癌已有多年了。“suffer from+疾病”，固定短语，意为“患有”。故填from。7shocking shocked 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这是一个令人震惊的故事，我们都很震惊。分析可知，空应是形容词作定语，修饰空后名词“story”，应是-ing形式结尾的形容词，因此空应是shocking。“got”在句中意为“（使）进入（某种状态）；变得”，因此空为形容词作表语，结合主语“we”可知，应是-ed形式结尾的形容词，因此空为shocked。故填shocking；shocked。8sufferers【详解】考查名词。句意：她收到了很多来自一些癌症患者的支持的来信。分析可知，此

16、处应用名词作宾语，可数名词sufferer意为“患者”，符合句意，且前有修饰词some要使用复数形式，故填sufferers。9be affected【详解】考查被动语态。句意：它也会受到权力和阶级的影响，但也不一定如此。分析句意可知，主语It和谓语affect之间为被动关系，要使用被动语态，前有情态动词can，be动词用原形，故填be affected。10In【详解】考查介词。句意：总之，我认为这个整个的治疗过程非常成功。结合句意表示“总之”短语为in summary，故填In。 11stay calm/keep calm12in danger13in the open air14take

17、 turns15First of all16on hand17stay away from18make sure【分析】本大题用所给短语的正确形式填空。做这种练习时，首先要弄清所给短语的意思，分析每个句子，根据具体的语境来判断缺少的部分的意思找到正确的短语，再根据在句子所做的成份确定其时态及语态，是谓语还是非谓语。更要注意的是有些是固定搭配和习惯用法，遵行英语的习惯用法，才能正确地完成本题。11考查语境及固定搭配。句意：保持冷静，告诉我发生了什么事。根据语境可知，本空可填“stay /keep calm”意为“保持冷静”。本句是祈使句，所以要用动词原形，故填stay/keep calm。12考

18、查语境及固定搭配。句意：孩子们每次过这条路都有生命危险。根据语境“every time they cross this road”可知，此处是指孩子们过这条马路，会有危险。固定搭配“in danger ”意为“处于危险中”，故填in danger。13考查语境及固定搭配。句意：地震后他们不得不在室外睡觉。根据语境“after the earthquake”可知，地城震发生后，可知“在户外睡觉”符合题意，而“in the open air”意为“在露天里，在室外”，故填in the open air。14考查语境及固定搭配。句意：丹和我通常轮流做饭。根据语境可知，此空在句中做谓语动词，根据“us

19、ually”可知要用一般现在时，主语是两个人是复数形式，故填take turns。15考查语境及固定搭配。句意：首先，我要感谢你们给我这个机会。根据语境和常识可知，此处要用“first of all”，意为“首先”。因为本词在句首，所以first第一个字母要大写，故填First of all。16考查语境及固定搭配。句意：急救服务随时提供医疗建议。根据语境可知，此处是指急救服务随时可提供。根据提供的短语可知，“on hand”意为“在手边，在场”。故本空填on hand。17考查语境及固定搭配。句意：我要你离我女儿远点。根据语境可知，本空是指“离.远点”，“stay away from”意为“

20、离.远点”，故填stay away from。18考查语境及固定搭配。句意：她环顾四周，确定自己是一个人。根据语境可知，此句是指环顾四周以确定自己是独自一人。固定搭配“make sure”意为“确信/确定”，故填make sure。 19But20shocked21an22injured23to rescue24were trapped25whose26Slowly27to28wisdom【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了二十世纪发生在中国的唐山大地震；其中包括震前的征兆；地震发生的具体时间；地震造成的破坏程度以及伤亡人数；地震的救援情况等。19考查连词。句意：老鼠，鸡和猪变得紧张。但是人们没有

21、意识到一场致命的地震即将来临。前后内容是转折关系，应用but，句首单词首字母要大写。故填But。20考查时态。句意：摧毁这座城市的地震震惊了人们。描述过去发生的事件，用一般过去时，故填shocked。21考查冠词。句意：似乎世界末日就要来了。结合句意表示“结束”短语为come to an end。故填an。22考查时态语态。句意：三分之二的人死亡或受伤。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据空前were可知为一般过去时的被动语态，故填injured。23考查非谓语动词。句意： 地震发生后不久，士兵们被派去营救人们。分析句子结构可知rescue在句中应用非谓语动词形式，此处不定式作目的状语，故填to re

22、scue。24考查时态语态。句意：他们挖出了被困的人，埋葬了死者。主语与谓语构成被动关系，且发生在过去，故用一般过去时的被动语态，谓语与先行词those保持一致，用复数。故填were trapped。25考查定语从句。句意：工作人员为家园被毁的幸存者建造庇护所。此处为定语从句修饰先行词survivors ，在从句中作定语，故填whose。26考查副词。句意：慢慢地城市开始恢复生机。修饰后文整个句子应用副词slowly，作状语，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Slowly。27考查介词。句意：这座城市向中国和世界证明了人们必须团结起来，展示智慧，保持乐观，重建美好的未来。结合句意表示“向证明”短语为prove to。故填to。28考查名词。句意：这座城市向中国和世界证明了人们必须团结起来，展示智慧，保持乐观，重建美好的未来。此处作宾语，表示“智慧”应用名词wisdom，表抽象概念，不可数。故填wisdom。