专题10 介词 关系代词引导的定语从句-2022-2023学年高一英语单句语法填空训练（外研版2019必修第一册）.docx

1、2022-2023学年高一英语单句语法填空训练 介词+关系代词引导的定语从句1This is the skirt _ _she paid $100. 2Do you remember the month _ _we first met? 3This is the skirt _ _she spent $100. 4Do you remember the day _ _we first met? 5This is Mr Green, _ _ help Ive made great progress in English. 6Do you know the lady with_our Englis

2、h teacher is talking under the big tree? 7He is a man from_we are all ready to learn. 8Have you ever read the book _ _ there are many pictures?9The man _ _ he had a talk yesterday is a doctor.10The library _ _ we often borrow books is very large.11The gentleman _ _ you just spoke is our headmaster.1

3、2This is the new bicycle _ _ I spent five hundred dollars.13The tool _ _ he is working is called a spade.14Give me a piece of paper _ _ I can write the phone number.15Here are the table tennis players, some _ _ are our old friends.16The student _ _ the teachers are talking has won the first prize in

4、 the English contest.17This is the hospital _ _ her mother works.用适当的“介词+关系代词”或关系副词填空18I still remember the day _/ _ _ I first met Jennifer.19I often think of the time _/ _ _ I was in college.20This is the town _/ _ _ Shakespeare was born.21He didnt tell us the reason _/ _ _ he was so excited.22He g

5、ets into a situation _ it is hard to decide what is right.23Who is the girl _ _ you just shook hands?24He bought a telescope _ _ he could study the sky.25The woman _ _ I turned just now is my English teacher.用适当的介词或关系代词填空26Is this the girl to _ you lent your bike？27This is the pen _ which I wrote th

6、e letter28He is just the student _ whom I want to make friends29Water is important，_ which people can not live30He is the student _ whom I borrowed this dictionary31Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon _ school education depends32Creating an atmosphere _ which employees feel part

7、 of a team is a big challenge33September 30 is the day _ which you must pay your bill34There isnt a person _ whom she can turn for help35I can not remember the age _ which he won the prize用“介词+关系代词” 填空36I will never forget the day _ I was admitted to a famous university.37Would you be kind enough to

8、 help the boy _ Chinese is really hard to learn？38This is the teacher _ Ive learnt a lot.39Gun control is a subject _ Americans have argued for a long time.40The policeman _ Mr. Henry is talking is a friend of mine.41He made a telescope _ he could study the stars.42Wind power is an ancient source of

9、 energy _ we may return in the near future.43The newly-built cafe, the walls _ are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us.44My father is the first person _ I will turn for help when I meet difficulties.45Is she the girl _ you borrowed the dress yesterday evening？46This is our English

10、 teacher _ whom we have learnt a lot. 47Here is the book about _ I told you yesterday. 48He handed me a pen with_I wrote down his phone number. 49A policeman is just the person_you can turn for help. (介词+关系代词)50The people_whom Mr. Smith associates are all highly respectable. 51Alex is studying at a

11、school in_his mother teaches English. 52The teacher _ I learnt most was Mrs. Zhu. (介词+关系代词)53In England, there are many people to _ she can turn when she is in trouble. 54We were put into a position _which we had either to accept we were less important or fight the government.55It was in 1952 and Ma

12、ndela was the black lawyer to_ I went for advice.56The woman wrote a thank-you letter to the soldier by_ she was rescued. 57These were animal bones and shells o_ symbols were carved by ancient Chinese. 58Creating an atmosphere in_employees feel part of a team is a big challenge. 59He is the boy of _

13、we are proud in our school. 60Your speech was heard by five judges, all of _ agreed that it was the best one. 参考答案：1 for which【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这就是她花了100美元买的那条裙子。分析句意和句子结构可知，空格处是“介词+which/whom”引导定语从句，先行词skirt是物，pay for sth.是固定短语，意为“为付钱”，因此空格处是for which。故填for，which。2 in which【详解】考查介词+关系代词。句意：你还记得我们第一次见面的

14、那个月吗?。分析可知，此处为“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，先行词是month，“在某一月”介词用in，故应用in which引导该从句。故答案是in which。3 on which【详解】考查介词+关系代词。句意：这就是她花了100美元买的那条裙子。spend money/time on是固定词组。先行词为shirt，做介词on的宾语。故答案是on which。4 on which【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你还记得我们第一次见面的那天吗？此处为“介词+关系代词”修饰先行词day，“在某一天”介词用on，作介词的宾语，指物，故用which。故填on which。5 with whose【

15、详解】考查“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句。句意：这就是格林先生，在他的帮助下，我在英语上取得了巨大进步。空处为“介词+关系代词”结构，先行词为 Mr Green，从句中名词help需要定语，应用关系代词whose，结合固定短语with ones help“在帮助下”可知，介词应用with。故答案是with whose。6whom【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：你认识在大树下和我们英语老师谈话的那位女士吗？此处为“介词+关系代词”引导限制性定语从句，关系代词替代先行词，先行词为the lady，指人，作with的宾语，关系代词为whom。故填whom。7whom【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他

16、是一个我们都愿意向他学习的人。分析句子可知本处是介词+关系词引导定语从句；本处关系词指人，在从句中作宾语，用关系代词whom；故填whom。8 in which9 with whom10 from which11 to/with whom12 on which13 with which14 on which15 of whom16 to whom17 in which【分析】本大题主要考查介词+关系代词的选择。【名师点睛】介词关系代词引导的定语从句，关键是判断介词的选择，方法一是看从句谓语部分缺少什么介词(习惯搭配)，再则可以通过整个句子整体含义来判断，结合生活实际来判断。 介词的选用问题(1

17、)根据定语从句中的线索来判断介词。这些线索可以是定语从句中的动词。这是主要的线索，所选介词需要与动词搭配。（最常见）第3、4、5、6、7小题定语从句的形容词。所选介词与形容词构成短语。（比较常见）定语从句的名词。所选介词要求与名词搭配。（较少见）如第2小题。2）根据先行词来判断介词。这种情形往往所选用的介词与先行词构成固定搭配。如第1、10小题3）表示 所属关系或部分与整体关系时用介词Of。而此时的Of往往要前置。如第8小题。8(1). in(2). which考查定语从句的介词+关系词。先行词是the book是先行词，在定语从句中和in 一起构成状语。The book 是物。介词In的选用

18、是根据与先行词的关系。句意：你读过那本里面有很多插图的那本书吗？9(1). with(2). whom考查定语从句的介词+关系词。have a talk with sb介词的选用是根据have a talk with sb中可知要选with.先行词是the man.在从句中作have a talk with 的宾语。把with 提到前面。故要用with whom10(1). from(2). which考查定语从句的介词+关系词。句意：我们经常借书的图书馆很大。先行词是the library,介词是根据borrow sth. from，从某处借得某物。先行词是the library,作from

19、 的宾语。故用fromwhich11(1). to/with(2). whom考查定语从句的介词+关系词。Speak to/with与讲话。先行词是the gentleman，作to/with的宾语，指人，故用to/with whom.12(1). on(2). which考查定语从句的介词+关系词。Spend money on sth.把金钱花在。先行词是the new bicycle.在定语从句中作on 的宾语，指物用which。故用on which。13(1). with(2). which考查定语从句的介词+关系词。Work with，用什么工作。先行词是the tool，在从句中作w

20、ith的宾语。故用with which.句意：他工作用的工具叫铲。14(1). on(2). which考查定语从句的介词+关系词。句意：给我一张纸，我把电话号码写在上面。write the phone number on the paper.先行词是the paper，作on 的宾语，指物，用which.。故用on which.15(1). of(2). whom考查定语从句的介词+关系词。先行词是some作of的宾语。表示所属部分与整体关系的介词常用的是of，of 常被前置。句意：这儿有很多乒乓球运动员，他们中的一些人是我们的老朋友。所以用of whom。16(1). to(2). who

21、m 考查定语从句的介词+关系词。Talk to与某人谈话。to 是根据与动词talk选择的。先行词是the student，在定语从句中作to的宾语，指人的是用whom，故用to whom。17(1). in(2). which考查定语从句的介词+关系词。The hospital是先行词，根据动词与先行词的关系，可知是work in the hospital.故要用in which。句意：这是她妈妈工作的医院。18 when on which19 when in which20 where in which21 why for which22where23with whom24 through

22、 which25 to whom【分析】考查用适当的“介词+关系代词”或关系副词填空。18考查定语从句。句意：我仍然记得第一次见到珍妮弗的那一天。分析句子可知设空处引导定语从句修饰先行词the day，且先行词在从句中作时间状语，故填关系副词when ；或用“介词+关系代词”结构定语从句，根据与day搭配介词为on，故填on which。19考查定语从句。句意：我经常想起我在大学的时光。分析句子可知设空处引导定语从句修饰先行词the time是先行词，且先行词在从句中作时间状语，故填关系副词when；或用“介词+关系代词”结构定语从句，根据与time搭配的介词为in，故填in which。20

23、考查定语从句。句意：这就是莎士比亚出生的城镇。分析句子可知设空处引导定语从句修饰先行词the town，且先行词在从句中作状语，故填关系副词where ；或用“介词+关系代词”结构定语从句，根据短语in the town可知介词用in，故填in which。21考查定语从句。句意：他没有告诉我们他为什么那样兴奋。分析句子可知设空处引导定语从句修饰先行词the reason，且先行词在从句中作状语，故填关系副词why ；或用“介词+关系代词”结构定语从句，根据与reason搭配的介词为for，故填for which。22考查定语从句。句意：他陷入了很难决定什么是对的的局面。分析句子可知设空处引导

24、定语从句，a situation是先行词，表示抽象的地点，关系词在从句中作状语，应用关系副词where。故填where。23考查定语从句。句意：刚才和你握手的那个女孩是谁?本句为“介词+关系代词”结构定语从句修饰先行词the girl，且根据短语shake hands with“和握手”可知介词用with，先行词指人应用关系代词whom。故填with whom。24考查定语从句。句意：他买了一个望远镜，凭借它他能研究天空。本句为“介词+关系代词”结构定语从句修饰先行词a telescope，指物，根据与先行词搭配的具体意义可知，此处用介词through，意为“凭借”。故填through whi

25、ch。25考查定语从句。句意：我刚才求助的那位女士是我的英语老师。本句为“介词+关系代词”结构定语从句修饰先行词The woman，指人。且turn to sb.是固定搭配，意为“向求助”，故用介词to，故填to whom。【点睛】关系代词前介词选择三原则：一先，二动，三意义。1.一先，即根据定语从句中介词与先行词的搭配关系选择。I never forget the day on which I came to this school.(on the day)二动，即根据定语从句中谓语动词与介词的搭配关系选择。This is the iPad on which I spent 3000 yua

26、n.(spend money on sth.)3.三意义，即根据定语从句的意义来确定介词。This is my pair of glasses, _without which_I cannot see clearly.如第七小题，句意：他买了一个望远镜，凭借它他能研究天空。本句为“介词+关系代词”结构定语从句修饰先行词a telescope，指物，根据与先行词搭配的具体意义可知，此处用介词through，意为“凭借”。故填through which。26whom27with28with29without30from31which32in33by34to35at【分析】考查“介词+关系代词”结构

27、定语从句。26考查定语从句关系词。句意：这就是你把自行车借给她的那个女孩吗?本句为“介词+关系代词”结构定语从句修饰先行词girl，且做介词to的宾语，指人，故用关系代词whom。故填whom。27考查介词。句意：这就是我用来写信的那支钢笔。本句为“介词+关系代词”结构定语从句修饰先行词pen，且根据短语write with sth.“用写”可知介词为with。故填with。28考查介词。句意：他就是我想和他交朋友的那个学生。本句为“介词+关系代词”结构定语从句修饰先行词student，且根据短语make friends with sb.“和某人交朋友”可知介词为with。故填with。29考

28、查介词。句意：水是重要的，没有水人们就不能生存。本句为“介词+关系代词”结构定语从句修饰先行词water，从中成分完整，根据句意应用“否定介词+关系代词”引导定语从句，表示“没有”介词为without。故填without。30考查介词。句意：他就是我向他借这本词典的学生。本句为“介词+关系代词”结构定语从句修饰先行词student，且根据短语borrow sth. from sb.“向某人借某物”可知介词为from。故填from。31考查定语从句关系词。句意：一些专家认为阅读是学校教育所依赖的基本技能。本句为“介词+关系代词”结构定语从句修饰先行词the fundamental skill，且

29、做介词upon的宾语，指“技能”应用关系代词which。故填which。32考查介词。句意：创造一种让员工感觉自己是团队中一部分的氛围是一个巨大的挑战。本句为“介词+关系代词”结构定语从句修饰先行词atmosphere，且先行词在从句中做地点状语，根据句意可知应用介词in，表示“在一种氛围当中”。故填in。33考查介词。句意：9月30日是你必须付款的最后期限。本句为“介词+关系代词”结构定语从句修饰先行词day，根据句意表示“截止期限”应用介词by“到为止；在之前”。故填by。34考查介词。句意：没有一个人是她可以求助的。本句为“介词+关系代词”结构定语从句修饰先行词person，且根据短语t

30、urn to sb.“求助于某人”可知介词应用to。故填to。35考查介词。句意：我记不起他是几岁得奖的。本句为“介词+关系代词”结构定语从句修饰先行词age，且根据短语at the age of“在岁”，故填at。【点睛】关系代词前介词选择三原则：一先，二动，三意义。1.一先，即根据定语从句中介词与先行词的搭配关系选择。I never forget the day on which I came to this school.(on the day)二动，即根据定语从句中谓语动词与介词的搭配关系选择。This is the iPad on which I spent 3000 yuan.(s

31、pend money on sth.)3.三意义，即根据定语从句的意义来确定介词。This is my pair of glasses, _without which_I cannot see clearly.如第四小题，句意：水是重要的，没有水人们就不能生存。本句为“介词+关系代词”结构定语从句修饰先行词water，从中成分完整，根据句意应用“否定介词+关系代词”引导定语从句，表示“没有”介词为without。故填without。36on which37for whom38from whom39about which40with whom41through which42to which43

32、of which44to whom45from whom【解析】36考查定语从句。句意：我永远不会忘记我被一所名校录取的那一天。先行词为the day, 表达“在某一天”常用介词on。故填on which。37考查定语从句。句意：请你帮一下那个男孩好吗？对他来说汉语真的很难学。先行词为the boy, “对于某人来说”用介词for。故填for whom。38考查定语从句。句意：这就是那位老师，我从他身上学到了很多东西。先行词为the teacher, “从某人那里学到.”是learn.from sb.。故填from whom。39考查定语从句。句意：枪支管制是美国人长期争论的一个话题。先行词为

33、subject, 因此“介词+关系代词”中的关系代词应用which。argue about sth. 争论某事。故填about which。40考查定语从句。句意：亨利先生与之谈话的那个警察是我的一个朋友。先行词为The policeman, “与某人谈话”是talk with sb.。故填with whom。41考查定语从句。句意：他做了一个望远镜，通过这个望远镜他能够研究星星。先行词为telescope, “通过望远镜”是through the telescope。故填through which。42考查定语从句。句意：风能是一种古老的能源，我们在不久的将来可能会重新使用它。return

34、to重新做（某事）。先行词指物，因此应用to which。故填to which。43考查定语从句。句意：这家新建的咖啡馆，它的墙被刷成淡绿色，对我们来说真是一个宁静的地方。先行词是cafe, “咖啡馆的墙”是the walls of the cafe。故填of which。44考查定语从句。句意：当我遇到困难时，我父亲是第一个我会求助的人。先行词为the first person, 因此“介词+关系代词”中的关系代词应用whom。turn to sb. for help向某人求助。故填to whom。45考查定语从句。句意：她是你昨天晚上向她借衣服的那个女孩吗？先行词为the girl, 因此

35、“介词+关系代词”中的关系代词应用whom。borrow sth. from sb. 向某人借某物。故填from whom。【点睛】介词加关系代词引导的定语从句：一定语从句中的“介词+关系代词”的用法：在“介词+关系代词”结构引导的定语从句中，关系代词指物时用which；指人时用whom，而不能用that或who代替。例如：There comes the girl, for whom I have been waiting around an hour.这个女孩来了，我将近等了她快一个小时。二.注意固定动词短语中的介词通常不能提前，例如listen to/look at/depend on/l

36、ook for/pay attention to/take care of/look after/take part in/make use of/catch up with/get along with/hear of /look forward to等。例如：This must be that book that Tom is looking for.这肯定是汤姆正在找的那本书。三.介词+关系代词的其他用法：1.复杂介词+关系代词：用于该结构中的关系代词有which/whom/whose。常用的复杂介词有because of/in front of/as a result of/at th

37、e back of等。例如：They were badly hurt in the earthquake, because of which they didnt go to school.2.表部分或整体的概念的“代词+of+关系代词”：表示部分与整体概念的代词有both/all/neither/none/either/some/any/most/few/half等。例如：China has lots of nations, one of which is Tujia.这个有许多民族，其中之一为土家族。3.the+名词+of+关系代词：此结构用于代替whose+名词，也可用“of which

38、 the +名词”。例如：This is the room, the window of which is blue.=This is the room, of which the window is blue.=This is the room whose window is blue.这就是那个窗户为蓝色的房间。4.关系副词when/where/why可用“介词+which”来代替。例如：I often think of the moment when/at which I met her.我常常想起见到她的那一刻46from【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这就是我们的英语老师，我们从他那里学

39、到了很多东西。此处为“介词+关系代词”结构定语从句，修饰先行词English teacher，且根据短语learn from表示“向学习”，可知应用介词from。故填from。47which【分析】本题考查语法语境应用能力。【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这就是我昨天告诉你的那本书。分析可知，“about_ I told you yesterday”应是之前名词“the book”的定语从句，先行词在从句中作介词“about”的宾语，且介词已置于从句句首，应用关系代词which。故填which。48which【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他递给我一支笔，我用它写下了他的电话号码。句中先行词为pen，

40、在定语从句中作介词with的宾语，所以用关系代词which。故填which。49 to whom【详解】考查定语从句。句意：警察正是你可以求助的人。在定语从句介词+关系代词中，若先行词为“人”时则引导词用whom。本题的先行词为人，且根据固定搭配 turn to sb for help（求助于某人）可知，此处的介词应用to。综上，故填to whom。50with【详解】考查短语和定语从句。句意：与史密斯先生交往的那些人都很受人尊敬。短语associate with，意为“与.交往”，分析句子可知，whom Mr. Smith associates为定语从句，先行词是The people，在从句

41、中作with的宾语，故填with。51which【详解】考查定语从句。句意：亚历克斯在一所他母亲教英语的学校学习。此处为定语从句，先行词为school，在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where或介词in + which引导。故填which。52 from whom【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我从中学到最多的老师是朱老师。根据句意和句子结构可知，句子为限制性定语从句，先行词为“The teacher”，指人，将先行词带入从句后为“I learnt most from the teacher”，由此可知，先行词在从句中作“from”的宾语，故应用“介词+关系代词”引导从句，空格一应用介词from

42、，空格二指人且在句中作介词宾语，故应用关系代词whom。故填from, whom。53whom【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在英国，当她有困难时，有很多可以求助的人。分析句子可知，此处考查定语从句中的介词+关系代词；many people 为定语从句先行词，先行词指人，应用whom。故填whom。54in【详解】句意：我们处于要么是接受我们微不足道的身份，要么是与政府对抗的情况中。后面定语从句中不缺主语和宾语，故应用关系副词或者介词加关系代词。与先行词position习惯的搭配的介词是in，故填in。55whom【详解】考查定语从句。go to sb. for advice向某人寻求建议，the

43、 black lawyer是先行词；指“人”的关系代词并且用在介词to后，只能是whom。句意： 1952年我向曼德拉征求建议，那时他是黑人律师。故填whom。56whom【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这位妇女给救她的士兵写了一封感谢信。分析句子可知，by she was rescued为定语从句，修饰先行词the soldier，设空处为引导词，在从句中作介词by的宾语，故填whom。57on which【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这些是动物的骨头和贝壳，中国古人在上面刻有符号。 on animal bones and shells在动物的骨头和贝壳上面。句中先行词为 animal bones

44、 and shells，在定语从句中作介词on的宾语，所以用关系代词which引导。根据句意，故填on which。58which【详解】考查定语从句。句意：营造一种让员工感觉自己是团队一员的氛围是一个很大的挑战。分析可知设空处引导定语从句，先行词为atmosphere，指物，在从句中充当介词in的宾语，且紧接在in之后，只能用关系代词which。故填which。59whom【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：他是我们学校引以为傲的男孩。分析句子可知，本句为定语从句，先行词为the boy，作be proud of的宾语，其中of提到关系词前面，且先行词指人，用of whom引导定语从句。故填whom。60whom【详解】考查定语从句。句意：五位评委听了你的演讲，他们都认为你的演讲是最好的。分析句子结构可知，此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词是five judges，指人，关系词在从句中作of的宾语，应用whom。故填whom。