专题10 必修二Unit 4-2023年高考英语一轮复习小题多维练（人教版2019）.docx

1、备战2023高考英语重难点单词变形及词组(单词词组默写+能力提升训练)专题10 必修二 Unit 4第一部分单词词组默写Part 1词性转换1._vi. 应在(某处)；适应_ n. 归属_ n. 所有物；财产2_n. 谜；智力游戏；疑问vt. 迷惑；使困惑_adj. 困惑的；迷惑的_ adj. 令人困惑的3_vt. 围绕；包围_adj. 周围的_ n. 周围的事物；环境4_adj. 热切的；渴望的_adv. 急切地；热心地_n. 热切；渴望5_n. 防御；保卫_vt.&vi. 防护；防御；保卫_ adj. 防御的；保护的；保卫的6_vt. 宣布；通知；声称_ n. 通告；布告；宣布；宣告7_a

2、dj. 引人注目的；显著的_ vt. 给(某人以)印象；让(某人)觉得8_ n. 人群；一群人；民众vt. 挤满；使拥挤_adj. 拥挤的9_ vt. 问候；迎接_ n. 问候；招呼；迎接10._ n. 成就；成绩；达到_vt. 取得；达到11_n. 地方；地点；位置_ vt. 找出的位置；把设置在_ adj. 坐落于；位于12_adj. 法律的；合法的_ adv. 合法地(反) _adj. 不合法的；违法的13_ adj. 慷慨的；大方的；丰富的_ n. 慷慨；大方14_ adj. 极有吸引力的；迷人的_adj. 被迷住的_ vt.&vi. (使)着迷；(使)迷住15_adj. 单独的；个别

3、的_ adv. 逐个地；作为个人；单独地16_ n. 证据；证明_ adj. 明显的_adv. 明显地17_ adj. 感觉的；感官的_ n. 感官；理智；心智_ adj. 不明智的；无意义的_ adj. 明智的_ adj. 善解人意的；敏感的18_ n. 诗人_ n. 诗_n. 诗歌Part 2 核心词组1. _把和连接或联结起来2. _渴望去做3. _和类似4. _把称作5. _大量6. _脱离；背叛；逃脱7. _属于8. _同(一样也)；和；还9. _ 留心；留意答案：Part 1词性转换1.belong vi. 应在(某处)；适应belonging n. 归属belongings n.

4、 所有物；财产2puzzle n. 谜；智力游戏；疑问vt. 迷惑；使困惑puzzled adj. 困惑的；迷惑的puzzling adj. 令人困惑的3surround vt. 围绕；包围surrounding adj. 周围的 n. 周围的事物；环境4eager adj. 热切的；渴望的eagerly adv. 急切地；热心地eagerness n. 热切；渴望5defence n. 防御；保卫defend vt.&vi. 防护；防御；保卫defensive adj. 防御的；保护的；保卫的6announce vt. 宣布；通知；声称announcement n. 通告；布告；宣布；宣告7

5、striking adj. 引人注目的；显著的strike vt. 给(某人以)印象；让(某人)觉得8crowd n. 人群；一群人；民众vt. 挤满；使拥挤crowded adj. 拥挤的9greet vt. 问候；迎接greeting n. 问候；招呼；迎接10.achievement n. 成就；成绩；达到achieve vt. 取得；达到11location n. 地方；地点；位置locate vt. 找出的位置；把设置在located adj. 坐落于；位于12legal adj. 法律的；合法的legally adv. 合法地(反) illegal adj. 不合法的；违法的13g

6、enerous adj. 慷慨的；大方的；丰富的generosity n. 慷慨；大方14fascinating adj. 极有吸引力的；迷人的fascinated adj. 被迷住的fascinate vt.&vi. (使)着迷；(使)迷住15individual adj. 单独的；个别的individually adv. 逐个地；作为个人；单独地16evidence n. 证据；证明evident adj. 明显的evidently adv. 明显地17sensory adj. 感觉的；感官的sense n. 感官；理智；心智senseless adj. 不明智的；无意义的sensible

7、 adj. 明智的sensitive adj. 善解人意的；敏感的18poet n. 诗人poem n. 诗poetry n. 诗歌Part 2 核心词组1.join . to .2.be eager to do3.be similar to4.refer to . as5.an amount of6.break away (from sb./sth.)7.belong to8.as well as9.keep ones eyes open (for)第二部分能力提升训练一、用单词的适当形式完成句子1The subject of these lectures _(announce) by th

8、e lecture committee. 2Every year, the moment I get on the train, I _ (surround) by Shanxi accentsI know that I am heading home to my family. 3Keene then purposely told McDonalds cashier Marisabel Figueroa _ (greet) the other customer “Merry Christmas” and not “Happy Holidays.”4Now these old houses _

9、(belong) to my uncle. 5The best _(defend) is to attack. 6Then, handle the most important tasks first, so youll feel a real sense of _ （achieve）. 7Now we live in a world _（surround）by the “cant do” attitudes. 8(2017全国II)It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible _(cro

10、wd) on the roads above as they travelled to and from work.9There is also no _ (evident) that protein from a powder or bar can improve athletic performance any more than protein from food. 10The old house_ (belong) to my grandfather was still in good condition. 11The boy _ his mother, so there was a

11、_ (puzzle) expression on her face. 12He found himself _ (surround) with many people. 13Many people feel like they need a sense of cultural _ (belong), which is something that studying your roots and being open-minded to the evolution of your culture can provide. 14What talking points can be raised _

12、 defence of this argument? 15Suppose you are _ charge of the Shy and Mighty Society, what will you do to help other shy people? 16When the news came that the war broke _, he decided to serve in the army. 17Kart was offering a way for us to change our lives and _ our dreams.(achievement) 18In the _ (

13、crowd) city, my father prefers walking to taking a bus. 19I will try my best, but can t _ (sure) that I will succeed this time. 20My car wont startIll have to go to a garage and have it _ (fix). 二、选用适当的单词或短语补全句子选词填空the number of, the amount of, at the entrance to, fix ones eyes on, attend to, all th

14、e way, break away from, It is well known that , keep your eyes open, in charge21Even if we start reducing_carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, the climate is going to keep on warming for decades or centuries.22Only by increasing_doctors by 50 percent can the patients be treated.23Rather than t

15、ake the aeroplane_,they decided to take a train to Vancouver.24_the cinema there was a crowd pushing to get in.25The old man carefully_the wounded soldiers day and night.26The clever boy_the blackboard and answered the questions.27You must_if you are going to make your trip to the United Kingdom enj

16、oyable and worthwhile28The doctor_told us that our father was recovering from his illness day by day.29Only then did I realize that it was foolish of me to _all of my friends and never contact them30_China is rich in culture as well as natural resources 三、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

17、The History of EnglishEnglish is now the most common language in the world. It is the first language in the UK, the USA and Canada. It is also the most popular second language, 31means English is 32(probable) spoken by over one billion people around the world. But how did we arrive at the English we

18、 speak today?The history of 33 English language begins in the fifth century with the invasion（入侵） of Britain by three tribes from Germany - the Angles, Jutes and Saxons. The original language of Britain was an older European language 34(call) Celtic. Over time, most of the Celtic speakers were force

19、d into the north and west of the British Isles. The invaders35 (speak) a language called Anglo-Saxon and many of the most common words in English come from this.In the eighth and ninth36 (century), there were other invasions by the Vikings from Scandinavia. These brought words like “knifr”, or knife

20、 into the English language.Outside of the United Kingdom, the use of English is growing. 37 is the official language of the European Union, and 38 (use) all over the world for air traffic control. Also, English is used 39(much) than any other language on the Internet, 40 (make) it an important langu

21、age in the world. 参考答案1has been announced【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：讲座委员会已经宣布了这些讲座的主题。“这个主题讲座被讲座委员会公布”与“这个主题讲座已经被讲座委员会公布了”相比，后者较为合适，既然公布了，肯定有影响，所以符合现在完成时。主语和announce为被动关系，需用被动语态；此外subject是单数的主语，助动词用has。故填has been announced。2am surrounded【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：每年，我一上火车，就被山西口音包围着我知道我要回家了。根据句意，空格处缺谓语，由时间状语every year可知，应该选

22、用一般现在时。谓语动词surround与逻辑主语I之间为被动关系，所以用一般现在时的被动语态。故填am surrounded。3to greet【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：然后，基恩故意告诉麦当劳收银员玛丽莎贝尔菲格罗亚向另一位顾客问候“圣诞快乐”，而不是“节日快乐”。句子涉及固定短语“tell sb. to do sth.”，意为“告诉某人做某事”，用动词不定式作宾语补足语。故填to greet。4belong【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：现在这些老房子属于我叔叔。根据句意，句子描述现在的事实用一般现在时，主语these old houses，是复数，谓语动词用复数，故填belon

23、g。5defense/defence【详解】考查名词。句意：最好的防御就是进攻。分析可知，空前“best”为形容词最高级，作定语修饰名词，因此所填空应是名词。“defend”，动词，意为“防御；保护”，其名词形式为“defense/defence(保护；防卫)”，“The best defense/defence”在句中作主语。故填defense/defence。6achievement【详解】考查名词。句意：然后，先处理最重要的任务，这样你会有真正的成就感。在介词of后应用名词achievement表示“成就”作宾语。故填achievement。7surrounded【详解】考查过去分词。句

24、意：现在我们生活在一个被“做不到”的态度包围的世界里。分析句子结构可知，句中谓语是live，空格处用非谓语形式，由by可知，空格处用过去分词表被动，作后置定语，故填surrounded。8crowds【详解】考查名词。句意：它跑了不到七公里，让人们避开在上面的道路上可怕的人群。空前有形容词terrible，意为“可怕的”，形容词修饰名词，crowd前没有冠词，且它是可数名词，因此用其复数形式。故填crowds。9evidence【详解】考查名词和固定句式。句意：也没有证据表明粉末或棒状物中的蛋白质比食物中的蛋白质更能提高运动成绩。分析可知，“no”后面用名词。“evident”，形容词，意为“

25、清楚的；显然的”，其名词形式为“evidence”，意为“证据”，“no evidence”在该“there be”句式中作主语。“There is no evidence that.”为固定句式，意为“没有证据表明”。故填evidence。10belonging【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：属于我祖父的那所老房子仍然处于良好状态。句子谓语动词是系动词was，空格处填入非谓语动词，The old house和belong to之间是主动关系，用现在分词短语作后置定语修饰The old house。故填belonging。11puzzled puzzled 【详解】考查谓语动词和形容词。句意：男

26、孩使他的妈妈感到疑惑，所以她的脸上呈现出疑惑的表情。分析句子结构可知，第一空为主句的谓语动词，由后文there was可知用一般过去时puzzled；第二空应填形容词作定语修饰expression“表情”，表示“感到疑惑的”用puzzled。故填puzzled；puzzled。12surrounded【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他发现自己被许多人包围着。分析可知，此处应用非谓语动词作宾补，宾语和surround之间为逻辑被动关系，应用过去分词。故填surrounded。13belonging【详解】考查名词。句意：许多人感到他们需要一种文化归属感，你能从这一归属感中学习自己的根，并对你的文化

27、所能提供的变革不存在先入为主之见。根据句子结构可知形容词cultural“文化的”后接名词整体做need“需要”的宾语。而a sense of belonging意为“归属感”。故填belonging。14in【详解】考查固定短语。句意：可以提出哪些论点来为这一论点辩护？此处为固定短语in defence of“捍卫，辩护”。故填in。15in【详解】考查介词。句意：假设你负责“Shy and Mighty Society”，你会做些什么来帮助其他害羞的人? sb be in charge of sth“ 某人负责某事”为固定短语。故填in。16out【详解】考查固定短语。句意：当战争爆发的消

28、息传来时，他决定参军。根据“ he decided to serve in the army. ”可知，战争爆发了。break out“ 爆发”为固定短语。故填out。17achieve【详解】考查动词原形。句意：Kart为我们提供了改变生活、实现梦想的途径。并列连词and连接两个动词不定式（to do）结构，一个是to change our lives，另一个是to achieve our dreams，and后面可省略to，此处用动词原形形式。故填achieve。18crowded【详解】考查形容词。句意：在拥挤的城市里，比起乘公交车我父亲更喜欢步行。空处作定语，修饰名词city，应用形容

29、词。故填crowded。19ensure【详解】考查动词。句意：我会尽力而为，但我不能保证这次一定能成功。情态动词cant后需接动词原形，sure对应的动词是ensure“确保”。故填ensure。20fixed【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我的车发动不了，我将不得不去修车厂把它修好。分析句子结构，这里用到have sth. done，表示“使某物被”，fix和it为被动关系，所以这里用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填fixed。21the amount of22the number of23all the way24At the entrance to25attended to26fixed hi

30、s eyes on27keep your eyes open28in charge29break away from30It is well known that【解析】21考查固定短语。句意：即使我们开始减少二氧化碳和其他温室气体的数量，气候也会持续变暖几十年或几百年。结合语境表示“的数量”可知短语为the amount of，接不可数名词，故填the amount of。22考查固定短语。句意：只有把医生的数目增加50%，才能治疗病人。结合语境表示“的数目”可知短语为the number of，后接可数名词，故填the number of。23考查固定短语。句意：他们不愿一直坐飞机，而是决

31、定坐火车去温哥华。结合句意“一直”可知短语为all the way，故填all the way。24考查固定短语。句意：在电影院的入口处有一群人在挤着要进去。结合句意“在入口处”可知短语为at the entrance to，故填At the entrance to。25考查固定短语和时态。句意：那位老人日夜细心地照料着伤兵。结合句意“照料”可知短语为attend to，且结合语境可知描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填attended to。26考查固定短语和时态。句意：那个聪明的男孩眼睛盯着黑板回答问题。结合句意“眼睛盯着”可知短语为fix ones eyes on，结合后文“answ

32、ered”可知应用一般过去时。故填fixed his eyes on。27考查固定短语。句意：如果你想使你的英国之旅愉快而有价值，你必须睁大你的眼睛。结合句意“睁大眼睛”可知短语为keep your eyes open，且must后跟动词原形。故填keep your eyes open。28考查固定短语。句意：主治医生告诉我们，我们的父亲正在一天天地康复。结合语境表示“负责，主管”可知短语为in charge，故填in charge。29考查固定短语和非谓语动词。句意：只有在那时我才意识到我与我所有的朋友断绝关系，从不联系他们是愚蠢的。结合语境表示“放弃，脱离”可知短语为break away

33、from，且此处为句型“it be+adj+of sb. to do sth”，不定式作真正主语，上文已有不定式符号to。故填break away from。30考查固定句型。句意：众所周知，中国有丰富的文化和自然资源。结合句意“众所周知”可知句型为it is well known that，句首单词首字母要大写。故填It is well known that。 31which32probably33the34called35spoke36centuries37It38is used39more40making【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲了世界上最常用的语言英语的历史。31考查定语从句。句意

34、：它也是最受欢迎的第二语言，这意味着全球可能有超过 10 亿人使用英语。这个定语从句的先行词是逗号前面的一整句话，且从句缺主语，用一个指物且充当主语的关系代词，且这是个非限制性定语从句。故填which。32考查副词。句意：它也是最受欢迎的第二语言，这意味着全球可能有超过 10 亿人使用英语。此处用副词修饰动词spoken。故填probably。33考查冠词。句意：英语的历史始于公元五世纪，当时来自德国的三个部落盎格鲁人、朱特人和撒克逊人入侵英国。此处用定冠词the特指英语这种语言。故填the。34考查非谓语动词。句意：英国的原始语言是一种古老的欧洲语言，称为凯尔特语。这个句子的谓语是was，空

35、处填非谓语，call和an older European language之间是被动关系。故填called。35考查动词时态。句意：入侵者说一种叫做盎格鲁撒克逊的语言，英语中许多最常见的词都来自这个语言。结合上下文可知此处描述的是过去发生的事情， “入侵者说盎格鲁撒克逊语”是历史上的事情，故用一般过去时。故填spoke。36考查名词复数。句意：在八、九世纪，还有来自斯堪的纳维亚半岛的维京人入侵。在八、九世纪，共两个世纪，用复数。故填centuries。37考查代词。句意：它是欧盟的官方语言，在世界各地用于空中交通管制。空处缺主语，the official language of the Eur

36、opean Union说的是英语，可用代词it 指代。故填It。38考查动词语态。句意：它是欧盟的官方语言，在世界各地用于空中交通管制。句子主语是it，指物，和动词use之间是被动关系。故填is used。39考查形容词。句意：此外，英语在互联网上的使用比任何其他语言都多，使其成为世界上重要的语言。下文有than，可知用比较级。故填more。40考查非谓语动词。句意：此外，英语在互联网上的使用比任何其他语言都多，使其成为世界上重要的语言。句子主干是English is used more than any other language on the Internet，已有谓语，故空处填非谓语，用-ing作伴随状语。故填making。