专题12 八下Unit 4 A good read（原卷版）.docx

1、专题12 八下Unit4 A good read目录 重点速记：知识点全面梳理，掌握必备 难点强化：关键点快速记忆，提升能力 学以致用：真题感知+过关检测，合理应用一、重点词汇1. French adj. 法国的_ (法国)2. writer n. 作家_ (动词)3. tie vt. 捆，绑_ (现在分词)_ (过去式)_ (过去分词)4. stomach n. 腹部；胃_ (复数)5. manage vt.&vi. 设法完成；管理_ (名词)6. success n. 成功_ (形容词)_ (副词) _ (动词)7. translate vt.&vi. 翻译_ (名词)8. Canadia

2、n adj. 加拿大的_ (加拿大)9. cook v. (n.)烹饪10. sell v. (n.)销售量(复数)11. Canada n. (adj.)加拿大的12. confident adj. (n.)信心13. advise v. (n.)14. able adj. (反义词)不能的15. hide v. (adj.)隐藏的16. library n. (n.)图书管理员17. copy n. (复数)18. Germany n. (n.& adj.) 德语;德国人;德国的 (复数)德国人19. ugly adj. (比较级) (最高级)20. experience n. (adj.

3、)有经验的21. touch v. (第三人称单数)22. know v. (n.)知识二、 重点短语1._处理;对付 2._被绑在地上3._将某物还给某人 4._朝某人大喊5._筋疲力尽 6._醒来7._和尺寸一样 8._向下看9._爬过某人的全身 10._摔倒11._继续移动 12._设法完成某事13._一大群 14._朝某人径直走过来15._建议某人做某事16._上交;提交17._碰撞上岩石 18._自学19._准时;按时 20._开启; 开创; 开辟21._拒绝做某事 22._到目前为止23._巨大的成功 24._把翻译成25._每次,依次 26._另一方面27._等等 28._不能做

4、某事三、知识点梳理1. against prep. 紧靠，碰，撞撞击，碰着，与相撞；紧靠；倚靠E.g.I pushed against the door and the door opened at last.Put the piano there,against the wall.（The piano leans against the wall.）The rain beat against the windows.相反；反对；违反；违背；逆E.g.We all should fight against evil.Thats against the law.逆行，逆方向，对着；跟反方向：E.

5、g. Dont drive against the traffic.2. be tired out 筋疲力尽e.g.He was tired out after His long trip to Paris.【拓展】be tired of意为“对感到厌烦，厌倦”。 e.g.Im tired of listening to these words.这些话我都听腻了。3. continue vt. & vi. 继续continue作动词，意为“继续”。用作及物动词时，可接名词、动名词、不定式或that引导的从句等。continue to do sth继续做某事（停下正在做的，继续去做其他的）con

6、tinue doing sth继续做某事（继续做原来做的）We continued to work after the break.休息后我们继续工作。She looked up for a moment， and then continued drawing.她抬头看了一会儿，然后继续画画。4. refuse vt. & vi. 拒绝，回绝refuse及物动词，意为“拒绝”，其常用搭配有：refuse + 名词/代词，意为“拒绝”。 e.g.He refused my help.他拒绝了我的帮助。refuse to do sth.意为“拒绝做某事”。 e.g.He refused to ac

7、cept my invitation.他拒绝接受我的邀请。refuse sb. sth.意为“拒绝某人某物”。 e.g.She cant refuse him anything.她不能拒绝他任何事情。5. success n. 成功success 不可数名词，意为“ 成功（抽象意义）”，可数名词，意为“ 成功的人或者事”e.g.He is a great success as a writer.Failure is the mother of success.失败是成功之母。【拓展】 vt.succeed用法：succeed in doing sth. 成功地做某事。=do sth. succ

8、essfullye.g.She succeeded in swimming across the river. adj. successful成功的E.g.My uncle is a successful businessman.我的叔叔是一位成功的商人。 adv. successfully成功地E.g.If you work hard,you will get it successfully.如果你努力工作，你就会取得成功。6. experience n. 经历，经验1）experience此处用作可数名词，意为“经历”。e.g.Im looking forward to experienc

9、ing many interesting things.我期待着经历很多有趣的事情。2）experience还可用作不可数名词，意为“经验”。表示做某事的经验时，其后常接in/of doing sth.。e.g.Mr Wu has so much experience in teaching.王老师在教学方面有如此多的经验。3）experience还可作及物动词，意为“体验；经历”。e.g.The girl has never experienced sadness.这个女孩从未体验过悲伤。【拓展】experienced形容词，意为“有经验的”。 e.g.My father is an exp

10、erienced teacher.我父亲是一个有经验的教师。7. either， also， too 与 as well（1）either用于否定句，放在句末。如：He didnt attend the meeting， either.他也没去参加会议。（2）also用于肯定句，常用在实义动词前、be动词后。如：He also attended the meeting yesterday.昨天他也参加了会议。（3）too通常用于肯定句中，放在句末。如：He can swim， too.他也会游泳。（4）as well常用于口语，用法与too相同，位于句尾，但前面通常不用逗号。如：I am go

11、ing to London and my sister is going as well（going，too）.我要到伦敦去，我妹妹也要去。 8. try to do sth与manage to do sthtry to do sth意为“试着做某事”，强调试着去做，不一定成功；manage to do sth 意为“设法做成了某事”，强调经过努力完成某件事。如：He tried to open the door but failed.他试着打开门，但是失败了。He managed to finish the work in time.他设法及时完成了工作。9. at a time， at t

12、imes与at the same time 【用法总结】（1）at a time意为“每次，一次”，强调具体的某一次，其中a不能换成one。（2）at times意为“有时，不时，偶尔”，相当于sometimes。（3）at the same time意为“同时”，表示两个以上的动作同时开始或进行。10. Have you decided what to do with these books， Hobo？霍波，你已经决定如何处理这些书了吗？（1）decide意思是“决定”，其结构为decide to do sth，意为“决定做某事”，相当于make a decision。如：Have you

13、 decided to go there for a holiday？ 你决定去那里度假了吗？（2）what to do with how to deal with怎样处理。注意疑问词what和动词do搭配，疑问词how和动词deal搭配。如：What are we going to do with the problem？我们将怎样处理这个问题呢？I have a huge pile of letters to deal with.我有一大堆信件要处理。11. They improve my knowledge of the past. 它们提升我的历史知识。（1）improve是动词，意为

14、“变得更好；改进，改善”。其名词为improvement。如：I want to improve my spoken English. 我想要提高我的英语口语。（2）knowledge 是不可数名词，意为“学问；学识”。如：Her uncle is a man with a lot of knowledge.她的叔叔是一个知识丰富的人。12. It moved up over my stomach and neck until it was standing near my face. 它爬到我的肚子上、脖子上直到站在我的脸旁边。until既可作连词又可作介词。相当于till。（1）用于肯定句

15、中，意为“到（的时候）为止”，谓语动词一般是延续性的，表示动作一直延续到until所表示的时间为止。如：He ran until he was breathless.他一直跑到气喘吁吁才停下。（2）用于否定句中，从句动作先发生，主句动作再发生。一般可译为“直到才”。如：I hadnt realized she was a foreigner until she spoke.直到她说话，我才意识到她是个外国人。13. Gulliver found himself unable to move. 格列佛发现自己不能动弹。（1）findn./prep.adj. 发现怎么样。如：Alice found

16、 herself alone in the hole. 爱丽丝发现她独自一人在洞里。（2）unable作形容词，意为“不能的，不会的”，其反义词为able，意为“能，会”。其常见短语为be unable to do sth，意为“不能做某事”。如：My brother was unable to ride a bike.我弟弟不会骑自行车。语法1.疑问词+不定式（to do）疑问词有疑问代词who, whom, what, which, whose和疑问副词when, where, how, why。此外，连接词whether也适用。“疑问词+不定式”结构有下列五种功能：当主语 Whentoh

17、oldthemeetinghasnotyetbeendecided.何时开会还没有定下来。 Wheretoliveisaproblem. 住哪里是个问题。当宾语 Wemustknowwhattosayatameeting. 我们必须知道在会上说些什么。Hecouldnottellwhomtotrust. 他无法分辨该信任谁。当表语Theproblemiswheretofindthefinancialaid. 问题是到哪找到财政援助。当名词同位语 Tomhadnoideawhichbooktoreadfirst. 汤姆不知道先读哪本书。当宾语补足语 Jimisnotsurewhosetochoo

18、se. 吉姆不确定选择谁的。MaryandJohnarenotcertainwhethertogetmarriedornot. 玛丽和约翰不确定是否要结婚。适用于“疑问词+不定式动词”的动词包括：know,see,decide,tell,ask,consider,discover,explain,forget,guess,hear,imagine,inquire,learn,remember,think,wonder,understand等。 【注意】：1）当这结构当宾语时，它的作用等于名词分句， Icouldnotdecidewhichdictionarytobuy.=Icouldnotde

19、cidewhichdictionaryIshouldbuy.我不能决定买哪本字典。 Jackdidnotknowwheretofindsuchagoodteacher.=Jackdidnotknowwherehecouldfindsuchagoodteacher. 杰克不知道到哪能找到这样一个好老师。2）有些动词，如ask,show,tell,advise,inform,teach等，可以先有个宾语，然后才接着加上适当的“疑问词+不定式动词”结构。 Haveyoutoldhimwheretogettheapplicationform? 你告诉他哪里领申请表了吗？2.must和have to的用

20、法。【区别】1：must多表示主观需要或责任感的驱使有必要或有义务去做某事，多译为“必须”，而have to多表示客观存在的环境所限，即客观要求(无奈)而为之，多译为“不得不干某事”。I must clean the room because it is too dirty.（无人强迫）因为太脏了，我必须要打扫房间。We must be there on time.（责任感的驱使）我们一定准时到达。I have to do my homework now.（不得不做）我现在不得不做作业。I have to leave school because my family is poor now.因

21、为家里穷了，我不得不退学。【区别】2：must没有时态的变化，而have to有时态的变化。Daming was hurt. The doctor said he had to stay in hospital for about two weeks. His father has to go to take care of him. 大明受伤了。医生说他大概得住院两周，他的父亲得去照顾他。We dont have to go to school on Sundays. 星期天我们不必上学。【区别】3：must的否定为mustnt，多表示“禁令”。No! You mustnt turn lef

22、t! You must turn right into The Strand.不！你不能向左转！你应该向右转进入到strand中。由must引起的疑问句，肯定回答要用must或have to，否定回答要用neednt或dont have to，意思是“不必”；此用法在中考中的单选题中容易出现！1）Must I finish my homework before eight oclock?Yes, you must.我必须要在8点之前完成作业吗？是的，必须。2）Must I attend the meeting?No, you neednt/ dont have to. You can ask

23、Tom to go instead.我必须要参加这次会议吗？不。你不必。你可以让汤姆替你去。真题感知一、单项选择1_ you hear someone crying? Lets go and see whats happening.AMayBNeedCCanDMust2What would you like, coffee or tea?_. I just need some water.ABothBEitherCNeitherDAll3Mr. Smith_ be at home. He has gone to Hong Kong.AcanBcantCmustDmustnt4Jack has

24、learned more about teamwork (团队合作) _ he joined the soccer team.AuntilBsinceCwhileDthough5_ you want to watch television, I will turn it off now.ASinceBAsCUntilDUnless6Did you go anywhere interesting last weekend, Mary?No. _ my parents were busy, so I just stayed at home.AAllBEitherCNoneDBoth7I cant

25、play basketball because I have much homework to do. Oh. Li Jian cant, _.AalsoBtooCeitherDas well8After hiking for the whole night, Bob slept _ the day without eating anything.AonBthroughCacrossDover9Must I finish my homework at once?No, you _.AmustntBdont have toCshouldnt10Why dont you take us all t

26、o the park?The simple _ is that there isnt enough room in the car.AhabitBquestionCmessageDreason二、完型填空My friends and I had just finished lunch at a hotel when it started to rain heavily. When it became lighter, I 11 to brave the rain to get my car, which was parked at my office three streets away. M

27、y friends 12 that I shouldnt go, 13 I was seven months pregnant (怀孕的) then. I told them that Id be very 14 . One of them wanted to come with me but I insisted that she should stay with another friend who needed 15 with her baby.I walked out of the hotel and started making my 16 to the car. At the tr

28、affic crossing, a car pulled 17 and the passenger got off with an umbrella. 18 I knew what was happening, he walked right beside me and told me hed accompany (陪同) me to my 19 . I was very embarrassed and 20 , but he was very persistent (坚持的).During our walk, he kept telling me to walk slowly, as the

29、 ground was wet. When we got to the car park, I thanked him and we 21 . I did not get his name and may not even 22 him now. Did he purposely stop for me? Ill never know.So how did I pay it forward? I was at home when I 23 two Indian construction workers walking in the heavy rain. They were probably

30、on their way to the construction site near my home, which was a long walk. I went out and passed them an umbrella. The two men were wet through. They were 24 by my gesture, and I told them they should take the umbrella and keep it.They were very 25 and like me, probably wondered why a stranger was p

31、assed such kindness.11AforgotBdecidedCsoldDevaluated12AapologizedBattractedCarguedDpromised13AthoughBbecauseCunlessDif14AcheerfulBhopefulCregretfulDcareful15AfoodBadviceChelpDhouse16AcallBchangeCchoiceDway17AoutBupCdownDthrough18ASinceBBeforeCIfDFor19AhomeBstationCdestinationDhotel20ArefusedBagreedC

32、smiledDcried21AwaitedBranCrestedDparted22AlikeBrecognizeCthankDhate23AimaginedBnoticedCinvitedDheard24AsurprisedBimpressedCencouragedDdisturbed25AfoolishBsadCgratefulDcheerful三、阅读理解In 1939 two brothers, Mac and Dick McDonald, started a drive-in restaurant in San Bernadino, California. They carefully

33、 chose a busy corner for their location. They had run their own businesses for years, first a theater, then a barbecue (烤肉) restaurant, then another drive-in. But in their new operation, they offered a new, shortened menu: French fries, hamburgers, and sodas. To this small selection they added one n

34、ew concept: quick service, no waiters or waitresses, and no tips. Their hamburgers sold for fifteen cents. Cheese was another four cents. Their French fries and hamburgers had a remarkable uniformity, for the brothers had developed a strict routine for the preparation of their food, and they insiste

35、d on their cooks sticking to their routine. Their new drive-in became incredibly popular, particularly for lunch. People drove up by the hundreds during the busy noontime. The self-service restaurant was so popular that the brothers had allowed ten copies of their restaurant to be opened. They were

36、content with this modest success until they met Ray Kroc.Kroc was a salesman who met the McDonald brothers in 1954, when he was selling milkshake-mixing machines. He quickly saw the unique appeal of the brothers fast-food restaurants and bought the right to franchise (特许经营) other copies of their res

37、taurants. The agreement struck included the right to duplicate the menu. The equipment, even their red and white buildings with the golden arches (拱门).Today McDonalds is really a household name. Its names for its sandwiches have come to mean hamburger in the decades since the day Ray Kroc watched pe

38、ople rush up to order fifteen-cent hamburgers. In 1976, McDonalds had over $1 billion in total sales. Its first twenty-two years is one of the most incredible success stories in modern American business history.26This passage mainly talks about _.Athe development of fast food servicesBhow McDonalds

39、became a billion-dollar businessCthe business careers of Mac and Dick McDonaldDRay Krocs business talent27Mac and Dick managed all of the following businesses except _.Aa drive-inBa cinemaCa theaterDa barbecue restaurant28We may infer from this passage that _.AMac and Dick McDonald never became weal

40、thy for they sold their idea to KrocBthe location the McDonalds chose was the only source of the great popularity of their drive-inCforty years ago there were numerous fast-food restaurantsDRay Kroc was a good businessman29The passage suggests that _.Acreativity is an important element of business s

41、uccessBRay Kroc was the close partner of the McDonald brothersCMac and Dick McDonald became broken after they sold their ideas to Ray KrocDCalifornia is the best place to go into business30As used in the second sentence of the third paragraph, the word “unique” means _.AspecialBattractiveCfinancialD

42、peculiar提升专练一、单项选择1Shanghai Legoland Discovery Centre has recently opened. It has a special rule that adults are not allowed to enter _ they go with a child.AunlessBwheneverCthoughDuntil2Oh, dear! Did you walk so long a way on such a hot day? You _ be tired!AcanBmustCneedDshall3My teacher gave me mu

43、ch _ on how to learn English well.AadviceBquestionCsuggestionDproblem4Some people showed their singing _ and became famous in the TV program Sing ! China.AabilityBcompetitionCsuggestionDknowledge5Some magazines _ monthly every year.Acome outBpublishCpublishedDcomes out6Please dont pull leaves _ the

44、trees. Its harmful to the nature.AaboveBoverCbehindDoff7She is not only a music lover, but she is a sports lover _.AtooBeitherCas wellDalso8 What do you want to eat for lunch? I will prepare earlier today.Honey, you _. Lets go out to have something different.AmustntBcantCshouldntDdont have to9With t

45、he help of Air Classroom, students_ keep learning even with schools closed.AcanBmustCshouldDhave to10Andy practiced hardest among us and he won the first prize in the competition.A dream cant come true _ hard work.AbyBacrossCoverDwithout二、完型填空As darkness fell, hundreds of people in the Swiss village

46、 left their houses. They were staring(凝视) 11 at the mountain top in the distance. It was covered with 12 一beautiful and dangerous.The huge mountain is called Matterhorn Mountain climbers had 13 the top, using the southern route. But no one had ever dared(敢)to try a winter climbing up the 14 side. Bu

47、t now one man was daring to try the 15 route. He was Walter Bonatti, a great mountain climber from Italy.For two days he had climbed. The village people had watched him anxiously(焦急地).Now they were waiting to see his signal(信号).If he planned to 16 the next day, he would light a green signal. A red l

48、ight would mean that he was turning back.A tiny green light 17 high on the mountain side. Bonatti was not giving up! The people 18 .The next day he continued his way upward. He was so lonely and so 19 ! But he would not give up. Again that night he lit the 20 light.In the morning, Bonatti 21 . He co

49、uldnt see the top, but he knew he was 22 there. Though the climb was painful, he moved up.Bonatti had spent months 23 for the climb. Was the training enough? Did he have the strength and skill to climb to the top?He was finally at the top! News about his 24 was radioed to the world.The trip down the

50、 southern route was easy. He was warmly welcomed in the village. He had done the “ 25 ” and would be well remembered as a climber of all time.11AbackBforwardCdownDup12AflowersBrocksCice and snowDgreen trees13AwatchedBpassedCreachedDclimbed14AwesternBeasternCsouthernDnorthern15AdifficultBstrangeCsame

51、Deasy16Aturn backBgo onCrestDstop17AraisedBappearedCturned onDturned off18AcheeredBlaughedCjumpedDshouted19AsleepyBexcitedCtiredDhappy20AyellowBblueCgreenDred21Awoke upBturned upCgot upDlooked up22AalreadyBalmostChardlyDsurely23AtrainingBlookingCplanningDasking24AvictoryBthingCclimbDcourage25Anecess

52、aryBimportantCuselessDimpossible三、短文填空Manners are important in England. Here is some a 26 if you are going to England.British people usually say “hello” or “nice to meet you”. When you are first i 27 to someone, shake their right hand with your own right hand. They only greet relatives or close frie

53、nds w 28 a kiss. They like to start a conversation with subjects like the weather，holidays, music or booksThey avoid (避免) talking about age, weight or money. It is considered i 29 to ask a lady her age.British people think it is rude to push in before o 30 . They always wait patiently for their turn

54、. They say “sorry” if they bump (撞) into you in the street. When they want you to move they say “excuse me”. They do not like to shout or laugh l 31 in public. Do open doors for other people. Men and women both hold the door open for each other. It depends on (取决于) w 32 goes through the door first.

55、They say “please” or “thank you” all the time.When sitting at the table, do not start eating u 33 everyone is ready, and it is impolite to make too much noise while eating or drinking. Do not eat with your mouth o 34 or talk with food in your mouth. Also do not reach over someones plate for something. Before leaving, wait for everyone to f 35 .“When in Rome, do as the Romans do.” When we are in a strange place，we should do as the local people do.