专题13 陈述句-小学语法精讲精练（附口诀、练习和答案）.docx

1、小学语法精讲精练 专题13 陈述句思考引入同学们! 你们谁知道什么是陈述句吗?我知道!陈述句是用于陈述一个事实或说话者看法的句子,以句号结尾。我们语文老师讲过的,我还知道陈述句有肯定和否定种形式呢!哈哈,两个小朋友都很厉害哟!英语中的陈述句也是这样的,但陈述句的肯定和否定形式却大不一样。我们一起来看看吧!知识概览知识精讲一、陈述句的肯定形式根据谓语部分的不同形式，陈述句的肯定形式可分为四种；1.主语+系动词+表语Im very happy.我很高兴。Mary is a student.玛丽是一名学生。They are good friends.他们是好朋友。2.主语+谓语动词(+其他)The

2、baby laughs.小宝宝笑了。I like watching TV.我喜欢看电视。She watched a movie yesterday.她昨天看了一部电影。3.主语+情态动词+动词原形(+其他)I can sing.我会唱歌。I must find my bag.我必须找到我的包。You should exercise more.你应该多锻炼。4.主语+助动词+动词原形/分词(+其他)They are playing soccer.他们正在踢足球。My father will go to Beijing.我的爸爸将要去北京。He has been there for three d

3、ays.他已经在那儿待了三天了。热身小练翻一翻。请你将下列句子翻译成英文。1.我会游泳。_2.他是我的哥哥。_3.我有一个苹果。_4.我的妈妈正在做晚餐。_答案：1.I can swim.2.He is my brother.3.I have an apple.4.My mother is cooking dinner.二、陈述句的否定形式陈述句的否定形式是在肯定形式的基础上加否定词not或do/does/did not,be动词/情态动词/助动词+ not构成的否定式可缩写。陈述句的否定形式主要有下面三种。1.主语+ be动词+ not +其他I am not good at math.我不

4、擅长数学。He is not(= isnt)a doctor.他不是医生。They are not(= arent) very busy now.他们现在不太忙。there be句型的否定形式与这一句式的否定形式相似，都是直接在be动词后面加not,如：There is a tree here. There is not (= isnt) a tree here.2.主语+情态动词+ not +动词原形(+其他)I can not(= cant)dance.我不会跳舞。You should not(= shouldnt) be late.你不应该迟到。I can not(= cant) tel

5、l the story in English.我不会用英语讲这个故事。3.主语+助动词+ not +动词原形(+其他)l do not(=dont) have a basketball.我没有篮球。The bell does not(= doesnt) ring.铃没响。She did not (= didnt) watch TV last night.她昨晚没看电视。He will not(= wont) go to the party.他不会去参加聚会。“主语+助动词+not+动词原形(+其他)”对应两种肯定陈述句的形式：主语+谓语动词(+其他),在谓语动词前面加do/does/did n

6、ot,谓语动词变原形。如：The baby laughs. The baby does not laugh.主语+助动词+动词原形/分词(+其他),直接在助动词后面加not。如：My father will go to Beijing. My father will not go to Beijing.热身小练变一变。请你将下列肯定陈述句变为否定陈述句。1.My mother is a nurse._2.Li Hong wants to go shopping._3.Mr. Liu likes reading newspapers._4. She can speak English very

7、well._答案：1.My mother isnt a nurse.2.Li Hong doesnt want to go shopping.3.Mr.Liu doesnt like reading newspapers.4. She cant speak English very well.知识精练一、单选题1There _ any tomatoes in the fridge. But there _ some tomato juice in it. Aare; areBarent; isCarent; arent2_ your brother in the English Club? Y

8、es, but he _ go there very often.ADoes; doesntBDoes; isntCIs; doesDIs; doesnt3Tom _ help his mother clean the house. AnotBdontCdidnt4We _ any Chinese classes on Friday. Aare havingBarent havingCdont haveDare have5She _ like drawing. AdoesntBdontCisntDnot6There _ any traffic lights here. AareBarentCi

9、sntDis7How did you spend your weekend? I _ to any places. It _ the whole(全部的) weekend.Awent; rainyBwerent go; rainyCdidnt go; rainedDdidnt went; rained8She _ be Helen. She went to the UK yesterday. AshouldntBcantCmustntDdoesnt9I always brush my teeth twice a day, but my brother _. AdoesBdoesntCdont1

10、0The boy _ to his teachers at school, but he _ well at home. Alistens; doesnt doBlistens; doesClisten; doesnt do二、改写句子11Tom did the housework yesterday. (改为否定句) Tom _ _ the housework yesterday.12Helen did her homework on time yesterday. (改为否定句)Helen _ _ her homework on time yesterday.13Mrs White did

11、 housework yesterday. (改为否定句) Mrs White _ _ housework yesterday.14Tom will travel around the world with his family. (改为否定句)Tom _ around the world with his family.15She will buy some presents on Childrens Day.(改为否定句)She _ buy _ presents on Childrens Day.16The girl did some homework and housework just

12、 now. (改成否定句) The girl _ _ _ homework _ housework just now.17Ill visit many places. (改为否定句)I _ visit many places.18The cat ate the mouse. (改为否定句)The cat _ _ the mouse.19I ate a lot of rice for dinner. (改为否定句)I _ _ a lot of rice for dinner.20Yang Ling sometimes has a lot of noodles for dinner. (改成否定句

13、)Yang Ling sometimes _ _ a lot of noodles for dinner.21We should save water to protect the Earth. (改为同义句) We shouldnt _ water to protect the Earth.22I brush my teeth in the morning. (用Yang Ling改写句子)Yang Ling _ _ teeth in the morning.23Tom woke Bobby up just now. (用tomorrow改写)Tom _ _ Bobby up tomorro

14、w.24I have some vegetables in the morning. (用he替换I改写句子)_ _ some vegetables in the morning.25The girl is playing the piano now. (用last night改写句子)The girl _ the piano last night.三、用单词正确形式填空26How cold it is now! I think it _ (snow).27Black smoke from factories _ (make) our city dirty.28Usually her moth

15、er _ (wash) the dishes after lunch. But her dad _ (wash) dishes today.29Amy _ (finish) her homework early on Sundays.30Everyone _ (must) talk loudly in the public place.31The _ (man) like drinking _ (some) milk.32I was so thirsty, but there _ (be) any juice in the fridge.33Wang Bing _ (not) always p

16、ut his books in order.34My mother _ (not wake) me up this morning, so I _ (be) late for school.35He is _ (think) hard, but he still _ (can) get the answer.36Tim _ (watch) fireworks with us tomorrow evening, but his sister will.37Mike _ (not wake) up early this morning. So he was late for school.38An

17、dy often _ (no do) his homework. His teacher is very angry.39“No _ (smoke)” means you _ (can) smoke here.40I saw you yesterday, but you _ (not see) me.41The skirt _ (not fit) me at all.42He _ (not drink) a lot of water.答案：1B2D3C4C5A6B7C8B9B10A11didnt do12didnt do13didnt do14wont travel15wont any16di

18、dnt do any or17wont18didnt eat19didnt eat20doesnt have21waste22brushes her23will wake24He has25played26is going to snow/will snow27makes28washes washed29finishes30mustnt31men some32wasnt33doesnt34didnt wake was35thinking cant36wont watch37didnt wake38doesnt do39smoking cant40didnt see41doesnt fit42doesnt drink记忆口诀肯定陈述向变否定肯定句子变否定,要把not往里加。not位置应在哪儿,be、助、情态动词后是它。其他先加动词do,do的后面才是它。时间、人称由do变,动词原形留在家。