专题14特殊句式（讲义）（原卷版）.docx

1、专题14 特殊句式(讲义)目 录考点 特殊句式 -1页 -1页 -1页【真题研析规律探寻】-1页考向1 考查强调句型-1页考向2 考查倒装句-2页考向3 考查省略句-2页考向4 考查there be句型等特殊句型-3页【核心提炼考向探究】-3页1强调结构-3页2 倒装句-4页3省略句-4页4感叹句-5页5there be 句型-5页【题型特训命题预测】-6页预测考向1 查强调句型-6页预测考向2 考查倒装句-6页预测考向3 考查省略句-7页预测考向4 考查there be等其他特殊句式-7页考点 特殊句式总结高考考点，探究特殊句式的命题规律。近年来，高考特殊句式主要考查：在书面表达中考查强调句

2、型、和倒装句的运用；状语从句的省略（主要体现在非谓语动词中）；偶尔在语法填空中考查强调句型。考向1 考查强调句型1.(2023安徽省高中毕业班第三次联考) It wasnt until the Ming and Qing dynasties _ the seals usage moved from the imperial to the personal, due to the expansion of arts. 2.（2023河南省郑州高三联考） _ was only after I heard she became sick that I learned she couldnt eat

3、meat. 3.(2023年新高考卷 读后续写范文) _, my social studies teacher. 是你让我爱上了写作，我的社会研究老师。4.（2021全国高考新高考卷 读后续写范文）It was _ that moved her very much. 不仅是早餐，而且是孩子们对她的爱，使她非常感动。5.（2022新高考I卷读后续写）_that could make something unusual happen finally.正是他勇敢的心和坚定的信念最终使不寻常的事情发生。6.（2021全国高考新高考卷应用文） In my memory, _ through my who

4、le high school.在我的记忆中，是青春陪伴着我度过了整个高中。7.（2021年1月浙江卷应用文）_ so many interesting things about your country together, through which I learned a lot about your food, culture and history.正是在那个节日上，你们一起分享了很多关于你们国家的有趣的事情，通过这些事情，我学到了很多关于你们的食物、文化和历史。考向2 考查倒装句1.（2023年浙江高三模拟测试） Not until I returned_I realize that

5、a quiet town life was the best for me.2(2023聊城二模)Not until he went through real hardship_he realize the love we have for our families is important.3(2019江苏卷)The professor warned the students that on no account_they use mobile phones in his class.4.（2023全国乙卷应用文范文）_ that this journey would be so meani

6、ngful for me. 我几乎不知道这次旅行对我来说会如此有意义。5.（2020山东卷应用文范文）The activity was highly spoken of, because _, but also made us more cohesive.这项活动被高度评价，因为它不仅为我们提供了锻炼的机会，而且还使我们更有凝聚力。6.（2020山东卷读后续写范文）After that _, , but he also added cream and salt to the popcorn to make it taste better. 在那之后，他不仅卖爆米花，而且还在爆米花中加入奶油和盐

7、，使其味道更好。7.(2023年新高考卷 读后续写范文)Then came_ .然后,一个重要的日子到来了。8.(2021年新高考I卷读后续写范文) _,I still received some great encouragement, which gives me confidence to be a writer.尽管我被拒绝了，但我仍然得到了一些巨大的鼓励，这给了我成为一名作家的信心。考向3 考查省略句1. (2023年浙江宁波镇海中学模拟) When_ (write), many calligraphers will forget all worries and even thems

8、elves, combining all thoughts in the beauty of their art.2.（2023年上海市高三模拟试题）Although_(face) with all kinds of difficulties, he never wanted to give up.3.（2023全国乙卷书面表达）At first, I felt a little awkward when _.一开始，当我在球场上面对别人时，我感到有点尴尬。4.(2023年新高考卷应用文范文)Besides, students may feel uncomfortable or less mo

9、tivated if _ who they dont get along with or have difficulty communicating with.此外，如果与与他们无法相处或难以交流的人配对，学生可能会感到不舒服或不那么积极。5.（2021年1月浙江卷应用文）_, all of you will visit the museum, which contains the splendid history of our school.你们大家将如期参观博物馆，里面有我们学校的辉煌历史。考向4 考查there be句型等特殊句型1.(2023年新高考卷读后续写范文)A few week

10、s later, when I almost forgot the contest,_.几周后，我几乎忘记了比赛，消息来了。2. （2022新高考卷读后续写范文）If you desire to challenge yourself, _with others thoughts.如果你想挑战自己，那就与别人的想法无关。3.（2019年6月浙江卷读后续写范文）No words are strong enough to convey _.没有什么有力的话来表达我的感激。特殊句式考点的必备知识：1强调结构1强调句型。(1)强调句型的基本结构为：It is/was被强调的部分that/who句子其他部

11、分。该句型可对句子的主语、表语、宾语、同位语、状语等进行强调。(2)强调句型的一般疑问句结构为：Is/Wasit被强调的部分that/who句子其他部分？He asked what it was that made him so upset.他询问究竟是什么让他如此难过。(3)强调句型的特殊疑问句结构为：特殊疑问词is/wasitthat句子其他部分？【易错提醒】强调句型亦可用于宾语从句中，但注意语序要用陈述句语序。It was not until he took off his sunglasses that I realized him.直到他摘下墨镜我才认出他。(4)not.until句

12、型的强调句型结构为：It is/was not until.that句子其他部分。2强调谓语动词。用助动词do，does或did来强调谓语动词，用于一般现在时和一般过去时的肯定的陈述句中，do还可以用于祈使句。2. 倒装句1将含有否定意义的副词或连词置于句首引起的部分倒装结构。这类词(组)有：never, seldom, rarely, little, few, at no time, by no means, no longer, hardly/scarcely.when., no sooner.than., not only.but also., not until, nowhere, n

13、either.nor.等。Never before has she seen anybody who can play tennis as well as Robert.她以前从没见过打网球和罗伯特一样好的人。2only状语置于句首时，主句要进行部分倒装。Only after they had discussed the matter for several hours did they reach a decision.讨论这个问题数小时后他们才做出决定。3作状语的介词短语放于句首时引起的句子要全部倒装。有时为了强调将作状语的介词短语放在句首，而将主语放到句末；或者当句子中主语较长时，为了使

14、句子平衡，常把作状语的介词短语置于句首。Through the window came in the sweet music.从窗户里飘出美妙的音乐。4so/such.that.结构中的so，such连同它所修饰的成分共同位于句首表示强调时，主句要用部分倒装。So frightened was she that she could not say a word.她如此害怕以至于一句话也说不出来。Such great progress did he make that he was praised.他取得了如此大的进步以至于受到了表扬。5表示前面所说的情况也适合于后者时，用倒装结构“so/nei

15、ther/nor助动词/系动词/情态动词主语”(so表示肯定意义，neither/nor表示否定意义)。6as引导的让步状语从句要用倒装结构。即as引导的让步状语从句中必须将表语、状语(形容词、副词、分词)或实义动词提前，构成“形容词/副词/名词/动词/分词as主语谓语的其他部分”的形式。使用as进行倒装时需要注意的是：(1)句首是单数可数名词时，名词不能带任何冠词。Pop star as she is, she still needs to improve.尽管她已是很受欢迎的歌手，但仍需要提高。(2)句首是实义动词时，其他助动词则放在主语之后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语，则宾语和状语随实义动

16、词一起放在主语之前。Fail as I did, I would never give up.尽管我失败了，但我不放弃。3.省略句1复合句中的省略。在用as if, if, though, when, where, while, no matter what, until等引导的从句中，若谓语部分含be动词，而主语又与主句的主语一致时，从句的主语和谓语中的be动词可以一起省略。All the photographs in this book, unless stated otherwise, date from the 1950s.这本书里的相片，除非有说明，否则都是二十世纪五十年代的。2动词

17、不定式符号to的省略及不定式的省略。在主动语态中，感官动词或使役动词后接不定式作补足语时，往往将不定式符号to省略；在同一句话或同一情景对话中，当同一动作再次出现在后面的不定式位置上时，通常省略该动作而保留不定式符号to。3so/not构成替代省略。英语中还常常用so/not等来代替省略的肯定内容或否定内容，so/not多跟在Im afraid/I hope/I think/I guess/I believe等开头的答句中；条件状语从句中有时也有类似的用法，如：if so/if not等。It sounds like something is wrong with the cars engin

18、e. If so, wed better take it to the garage immediately.听起来好像汽车引擎出故障了。如果这样的话，我们最好立即把它送到汽修厂。4. 感叹句1what引导的感叹句what引导的感叹句示例Whata/an(adj.)单数可数名词主语谓语！ What a good heart you have!你的心肠真好！What(adj.)不可数名词/复数名词主语谓语！What interesting stories hes told us!他给我们讲的故事真有趣！how引导的感叹句示例Howadj./adv.主语谓语！How clever the boy

19、is!这个男孩多么聪明啊！Howadj.a/an单词名词主语谓语！How clever a boy he is! 他是一个多么聪明的男孩啊！How主语谓语！How time flies! 光阴似箭！5 there be 句型There be 句型表示“某时间/空间存在/有”，there本身没有词义，谓语动词be后面的名词/代词是主语。be可以有不同的时态，可以和情态动词连用。There be结构中的谓语动词be有时可用remain, stand, lie, go, exist, follow, live, come, occur, happen to be, appear to be, see

20、m to be , used to be等替换。Once upon a time there lived an old fisherman in a village by the sea.从前在海边的一个村庄里住着一位老渔夫。There have been many great changes in our country since then.从那以后，我国发生了许多巨大的变化。aThere be句型中的谓语动词be在人称和数上应与其后的主语保持一致。There is a flower in the bottle.瓶中有一朵花。There are five books on the desk

21、.桌上有五本书。b若There be句型中主语为并列结构，be的数和人称遵循就近原则。There is a boy, a girl and two women in the house.房子里有一个男孩、一个女孩和两个妇女。There are ten students and a teacher in the office.办公室里有十个学生和一个老师。c. there be结构的非谓语动词形式There be 结构的非谓语动词形式是there to be 和there being 两种形式。在句中作主语、宾语和状语。I expect there to be no argument about

22、 this.我希望在这方面不会有任何争论。I never dreamed of there being any good chance for me.我从没想过会有什么好机会。There being nothing else to do，we went home. (there be句型的独立主格结构)由于我们无事可做，我们就回家了。there be句型的常考句型：There is no point/sense (in) doing sth.做某事没有意义There is no doubt that.毫无疑问There is no need (for sb.) to do sth.(某人)没有

23、必要做某事There is (no) difficulty/trouble in doing/ with sth.做某事(没)有困难There is (no) possibility of (doing) sth./that.(做)某事(没)有可能【2024年高考命题预测】根据高考考情分析2024年高考将：在书面表达中考查强调句型、和倒装句的运用；状语从句的省略（主要体现在非谓语动词中）；偶尔在语法填空中考查强调句型。预测考向1 考查强调句型1(2023湖南省雅礼十六校高三联考)It was only when I has turned the corner of the street tha

24、t_ I realized, too late, that his name was Tony and the time was late afternoon.2(2023内蒙古包头市高三阶段检测)It was his uncle, a doctor, _ saved him.3(2023江苏省扬州市宝应中学高三检测)It wasnt until the 1990s _ restorative efforts really began to turn the building around.预测考向2 考查倒装句1(2024广东省高三阶段性质量检测)Among this years uniqu

25、e suite offerings _ (be) the “Elephant in the Room”2(2023河北省张家口市高三第三次模拟考试)Not only _ it help lower stress and anxiety levels, but itll also remind you that you can do anything you put your mind to.3(2024黑龙江省哈尔滨市第三中学高三考试)Beneath our feet _ (lie) the earth that our life depends on for food and clothin

26、g.预测考向3 考查省略句1.Though not _(know) to use tools in the wild, the birds have proved skilful at tool use while kept in the cage. 2.（2024陕西省西安市阎良区关山中学第一次质量检测）Though (attack) with cancer, he still keeps optimistic. 3（2024黑龙江省哈尔滨市第三中学第二次验收）They landed safely on the island in the Pacific. Everything went on better than previously (expect). 预测考向4 考查there be等其他特殊句式1.(2024河北联考)We expect there _(be) a lot of discussions about the problem.2I cannot tell you how (delight) I was with the beautiful birthday present you gave me. 3Her words made me recognise silly mistakes I had made.