专题14阅读理解七选五-学易金卷：五年（2019-2023）高考英语真题分项汇编（解析版）.docx

1、五年（2019-2023）年高考英语真题分项汇编专题14 阅读理解七选五（解析版）2023年高考真题题组【2023新高考I卷】Personal ForgivenessTaking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but dont beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is human. 16 You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this.In a journal or on a piece of paper,

2、 put the heading “Personal strengths.” 17 Are you caring? Creative? Generous? A good listener? Fun to be around? They dont have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that youre proud of.At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positi

3、ve things youve done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. 18 You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. 19 That way, you cou

4、ld exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. In fact, dont wait until youve made a mistake to try thisits a great way to boost self-confidence at any time.Its something of a clich (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes

5、 but their mistakes. The thing is, its true. 20 We re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow.A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way.B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.C. They might even like to have a go at doing

6、 the exercise.D. Its just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.E. It doesnt mean you have to ignore whats happened or forget it.F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isnt a fixed aspect of your personality.【答案】16. D17. B18.

7、 F19. C20. G【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章鼓励人们练习自我宽恕，并提供了一个简单的写作练习来增强自信。通过列出个人的优点和善良的行为，人们可以学会原谅自己的错误，并从中成长。16.根据空前内容“Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but dont beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is human.(为错误承担责任是积极的一步，但不要因此而自责。人孰能无过。)”可知，作者认为人都会犯错，勇于承担责任固然重要，但是也不要因此而过于自责。结合空后“You c

8、an use the following writing exercise to help you do this.(你可以使用下面的写作练习来帮助你做到这一点。)”中的“do this”以及下文内容可推断，空处应该内容和“不要太自责”相似。选项D“Its just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.(宽恕自己也同样重要。)”与“不要太自责”语意相近，起承上启下的作用。故选D。17.根据空前内容“In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengt

9、hs. ”(在日记或纸上写上“个人优点”。)”以及空后内容“Are you caring? Creative? Generous? A good listener? Fun to be around? They dont have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that youre proud of.(你有爱心吗？有创造力吗？你慷慨吗？是一个好的倾听者？与人相处很有趣吗？它们不一定要改变世界，只要你个性中让你感到自豪的方面就行。)”可知，空处指的是列出一些你个性中的优点。选项B“Now list all the c

10、haracteristics you like about yourself.(现在列出所有你喜欢的自己身上的特点。)”符合上下文内容，下文内容具体解释那些是优点。故选B。18.根据上文内容“At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive things youve done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when yo

11、u did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day.(在第二页的顶部，写上“善举”的标题。在这张单子上，列出你为别人做过的所有积极的事情。它可能是当你帮助朋友做作业的时候，当你没有被要求却主动熨衣服的时候，或者当你在家人累了一天之后烤饼干的时候。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是列出一些自己所做的好事。选项F“Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.(不管是什么

12、，不管它看起来有多小，都要把它写下来。)”与上文内容一致，讲述的是不管你所做的事情不管有多小，只要是好的事情，都记下来。故选F。19.根据空后内容“That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through.(这样，你们就可以交换意见，谈谈是什么让你们每个人都与众不同，以及你们个性中闪光的方面。)”可知，空处提到了某种方式，这种方式会使得你和朋友们一起交换意见等。选项C“They might even

13、like to have a go at doing the exercise.(他们甚至可能想试一试做练习。)”符合语境，C项中的“they”与空前的“You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list.(你可以让朋友或家人帮你增加你的列表内容。)”中的“a friend or family member”保持一致，同时选项C和下文“In fact, dont wait until youve made a mistake to try thisits a great way to boost self-confi

14、dence at any time.(事实上，不要等到你犯了错误才去尝试这个这是一个在任何时候都能增强自信的好方法。)”中的“this”一致。故选C。20.根据空前内容“Its something of a clich (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, its true.(大多数人不是从他们的成功中学习，而是从他们的错误中学习，这是陈词滥调。但事实是，这是真的。)”可知，作者认为人是从错误中学习。选项G“Whatever the mistake, re

15、member it isnt a fixed aspect of your personality.(不管你犯了什么错误，记住这不是你性格中固定的一面。)”符合语境，G项中的“isnt a fixed aspect of your personality”和空后内容“We re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow.(我们一直在改变和学习，错误是一种积极的发展和成长的方式。)”保持一致，指的都是犯错并不是性格中固有的一面，我们是通过错误来成长。故选G。

16、【2023新高考II卷】As an artist who shares her journey on social media, Im often asked by curious followers how to begin an art journey. Unfortunately, there is no magic list I can offer. I do remember, though, what it was like to be a complete beginner. So Ive put together some good tips for starting an a

17、rt journey. Start small. I suggest using a sketchbook (素描本) for small studies. These small studies provide inspiration and may be a springboard for more complex works in the future. 16 Youll want to look back on your journey to see how far youve come. Paint often and paint from life. Theres no bette

18、r way to improve than to put in those brush miles. Whether you paint still lifes, portraits, or landscapes, paint from life as much as possible. 17 Continually challenge yourself to try something new. 18 Artistic growth can be a bit painful. Welcome to the club；weve all been there. I love taking on

19、challenges. I once took up a challenge to create a painting every day for a month and post the works online. 19 Seeking and accepting constructive feedback (反馈) is crucial to growth. I post my work on social media and, in turn, have met some of the kindest people. They make me feel valued and respec

20、ted, no matter my level of artistic ability. The journey youre on wont follow a straight path. 20 Push through, give it time and put in the effort. You will harvest the rewards of an artistic life.A. Get out of your comfort zone.B. Make career plans and set goals.C. Dont throw away your beginner art

21、.D. Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so.E. Youll hit roadblocks, and youll feel discouraged at times.F. Evaluate your performance and, if needed, redefine your role.G. Youll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition.【答案】16. C17. G18. A19. D20. E【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文

22、章介绍了了一些开始艺术之旅的好建议。16.根据前文“Start small. I suggest using a sketchbook (素描本) for small studies. These small studies provide inspiration and may be a springboard for more complex works in the future. (从小开始。我建议使用一个素描本进行小规模的学习和实践。这些小的学习和实践可以提供灵感，并成为未来更复杂的作品的跳板)”以及后文“Youll want to look back on your journey

23、 to see how far youve come. (你会想要回顾一下自己的艺术之旅，看看自己已经取得多少进步)”可知，空处应是一个过渡句，从给出建议使用一个素描本进行小规模的学习和实践，到回顾自己的艺术之旅，所以C项“Dont throw away your beginner art. (不要扔掉你的初学时的艺术作品)”符合文意，和后文形成顺承关系。故选C项。17.分析设空处，位于段尾，是对本段的总结，根据前文“Paint often and paint from life. Theres no better way to improve than to put in those bru

24、sh miles. Whether you paint still lifes, portraits, or landscapes, paint from life as much as possible. (经常作画，且从生活中作画。没有什么比不断练习更能提高你的艺术水平了。无论你是绘制静物、肖像还是风景，都要尽可能地从真实生活中去观察和绘制)”可知，本段主要讲述不断练习绘画，所以G项“Youll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition. (你会逐渐形成只有通过反复练习才能获得的绘画肌肉记忆)”是

25、对前文的总结。故选G项。18.分析设空处，空处位于第二句，此处应是对前一句的进一步解释，并同时引出后文，根据前文“Continually challenge yourself to try something new. (不断挑战自己，尝试新事物)”以及后文“Artistic growth can be a bit painful. (艺术的成长可能会有点痛苦)”可知，A项“Get out of your comfort zone. (走出你的舒适区)”是对前句的进一步说明，和后文构成顺承关系。故选A项。19.分析设空处，位于段首，是本段的中心句，根据后文“Seeking and accept

26、ing constructive feedback (反馈) is crucial to growth. I post my work on social media and, in turn, have met some of the kindest people. They make me feel valued and respected, no matter my level of artistic ability. (寻求并接受有建设性的反馈对于你的成长非常重要。我在社交媒体上发布我的作品，并因此结识了一些最友好的人。无论我的艺术水平如何，他们都让我感到受到了重视和尊重)”可知，本段

27、主要讲述了是分享自己的作品，所以D项“Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so. (如果你感觉舒适的话，分享你的作品)”符合文意，是本段的中心句。故选D项。20.分析设空处，空处位于第二句，此处应是对前一句的进一步解释，并同时引出后文，根据前文“The journey youre on wont follow a straight path. (你的旅程不会是一条笔直的道路)”以及后文“Push through, give it time and put in the effort. You will harvest the reward

28、s of an artistic life. (坚持下去，给它时间，付出努力。你将收获艺术生活的回报)”可知，E项“Youll hit roadblocks, and youll feel discouraged at times. (你会遇到障碍，有时你会感到气馁)”是对前句的进一步说明，和后文构成顺承关系。故选E项。【2023全国甲卷】Tricks To Becoming A Patient PersonHeres a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have

29、in common? Theres one answer. 36 .In the Digital Age, were used to having what we need immediately and right at our fingertips. However, research suggests that if we practiced patience, wed be a whole lot better off. Here are several tricks.Practice gratitude (感激)Thankfulness has a lot of benefits:

30、Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic. 37 . “Showing thankfulness can foster self-control,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California. Make yourself waitInstant gratification (满足) may seem like the most “feel good” option at the time, but psychology

31、research suggests waiting for things actually makes us happier in the long run. And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice. 38 . Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake. Youll soon find that the more patie

32、nce you practice, the more you start to apply it to other, more annoying situations. 39 .So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances. You should learn t

33、o say to yourself, “ 40 .” Youll then gradually become more patient.A. Find your causesB. Start with small tasksC. Accept the uncomfortableD. All this adds up to a state of hurryE. It can also help us practice more patienceF. This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerableG. Theyre all situations wher

34、e we could use a little extra patience【答案】36. G 37. E 38. B 39. C 40. F【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了变得耐心的一些方法。36.根据上文“Heres a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common? Theres one answer. (这里有一个谜语：交通堵塞、排长队和等待假期开始有什么共同之处？答案只有一个)”可知，本句说明上文谜语的答案，结合“交通堵塞、排

35、长队和等待假期”这些情况可知都需要耐心。故G选项“在这些情况下，我们都需要一点额外的耐心”符合语境，故选G。37.根据上文“Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic.(感恩有很多好处：研究表明，感恩让我们更快乐，压力更小，甚至更乐观)”以及后文“Showing thankfulness can foster self-control,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University

36、 of California. (加州大学的研究员叶丽说：“表达感激可以培养自我控制能力。”)”可知，上文提到了感恩的诸多好处，可知本句继续说明感恩的好处：它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心。E选项中It指代上文Thankfulness。故E选项“它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心”符合语境，故选E。38.根据上文“And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice. (我们养成等待习惯的唯一方法就是练习)”以及后文“Put off watching your favorite show until the w

37、eekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake. (把你最喜欢的节目推迟到周末再看，或者多等10分钟再去吃蛋糕)”可知，后文列举的事情都是日常的小事，说明要从小事开始练习等待，故B选项“从小任务开始”符合语境，故选B。39.根据本段内容“So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and when we experience something outside of our comfort z

38、one, we get impatient about the circumstances. (我们中的许多人都认为舒适是我们唯一能容忍的状态，当我们经历舒适区之外的事情时，我们会对环境失去耐心)”可知，本段提到了舒适是我们唯一能容忍的状态，结合前文的小标题都是祈使句可知，本段的主旨与接受不舒适相关，C选项中uncomfortable对应后文comfortable。故C选项“接受不舒服”符合语境，故选C。40.根据上文“You should learn to say to yourself (你应该学会对自己说)”以及后文“Youll then gradually become more pa

39、tient. (然后你会逐渐变得更有耐心)”结合本段主要说明的是不舒服的状态，可知，本句为对自己所说的话与接受不舒服相关，故F选项“这仅仅是不舒服，而不是无法忍受”符合语境，故选F。【2023全国乙卷】Indoor plants might look as if they just sit around not doing much, but in many ways they are the unsung heroes of the home. 36 , but studies have shown that they can promote peoples wellbeing by imp

40、roving their mood (心情), reducing stress and helping their memory. Whats more, indoor plants are easy to look after and are not very expensive.What are indoor plants?Indoor plants, also known as houseplants or pot plants, are plants that like to grow indoors. Many of these species (物种) are not ideall

41、y suited to growing outside in the UK, especially in the winter. 37 .Why are indoor plants good for you?Will Spoelstra, who works at the Royal Botanic Gardens, says, “ 38 . I find during the winter months, plants around the house can really lift your mood.” Several studies have backed this up and fo

42、und that indoor plants can improve creativity, focus and memory. There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around them by removing harmful gases, such as carbon dioxide. They also remove some harmful chemicals from paints or cooking. 39 .Which plants can you grow?Aloe vera, pe

43、ace lilies and spider plants are some of the species that are easy to grow indoors. You can buy plants from supermarkets, garden centres or online. Younger plants are often cheaper than fully grown ones, and you get to care for them as they mature which is part of the joy of owning plants. “ 40 ,” S

44、poelstra says. “It can bring a new interest and focus into peoples lives and help to make the link between home and nature.”A. All plants are differentB. Not only do they look beautifulC. There are many benefits to growing plants indoorsD. Instead, they grow better inside, where it is warmerE. Plant

45、s like peace lilies and devils tongue are among the bestF. Changing the pot of your plant from time to time will also helpG. Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding【答案】36. B 37. D 38. C 39. E 40. G【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了什么是室内植物、室内植物带来的好处及你能种植哪些室内植物。36.根据下文“but studies have sho

46、wn that they can promote peoples wellbeing by improving their mood (心情), reducing stress and helping their memory.(而且研究表明，它们可以通过改善情绪、减轻压力和帮助增强记忆力来促进人们的健康)”可知，此处与下文是递进关系，构成not onlybut“不仅而且”结构。由此可知，B. Not only do they look beautiful(它们不仅看起来很漂亮)能够衔接下文，符合语境。故选B。37.根据上文“Many of these species (物种) are not

47、 ideally suited to growing outside in the UK, especially in the winter.(这些品种中的许多都不适合在英国户外生长，尤其是在冬天)”可知，有些植物不适合在户外寒冷的环境中生长，即适合在温暖的地方生长。由此可知，D. Instead, they grow better inside, where it is warmer(相反，它们在温暖的室内生长得更好)能够承接上文，符合语境。故选D。38.根据下文“I find during the winter months, plants around the house can rea

48、lly lift your mood.(我发现在冬天的几个月里，房子周围的植物真的能提升你的情绪)”可知，室内植物对人有好处。由此可知，C. There are many benefits to growing plants indoors(在室内种植植物有很多好处)能够衔接下文，符合语境。故选C。39.根据上文“There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around them by removing harmful gases, such as carbon dioxide. They also remo

49、ve some harmful chemicals from paints or cooking.(也有研究表明，盆栽植物可以通过去除二氧化碳等有害气体来净化周围的空气。它们还能去除油漆或烹饪中的一些有害化学物质)”可知，盆栽植物能够清除有害物质。由此可知，E. Plants like peace lilies and devils tongue are among the best(像和平百合和魔芋之类的植物是最好的)能够承接上文，列举了在这方面做的最好的植物，符合语境。故选E。40.根据上文“Younger plants are often cheaper than fully grown

50、 ones, and you get to care for them as they mature-which is part of the joy of owning plants.(年轻的植物通常比成熟的植物便宜，而且你可以在它们成熟时照顾它们这是拥有植物的乐趣之一)”可知，不同的植物需求是不同的。由此可知，G. Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding(了解每种植物的需求是非常有益的)能够承接上文，同时引起下文，下文“It can bring a new interest and focus

51、into peoples lives and help to make the link between home and nature.”(它可以为人们的生活带来新的兴趣和焦点，并有助于建立家庭与自然之间的联系。)”具体介绍了了解每种植物的需求的好处。故选G。2022年高考真题题组【2022新高考I卷】Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partner.” One reason was: “Youll actually show up if you know s

52、omeone is waiting for you at the gym, ” while another read: “ 36 ” With a workout partner, you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle (微妙) competition. So, how do you find a workout partner? First of all, decide what you want from that person. 37 Or do you just want to be physically

53、 fit, able to move with strength and flexibility? Think about the exercises you would like to do with your workout partner.You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media, but it probably wont result in a useful response. 38 If you plan on working out in a gym, that person mus

54、t belong to the same gym. My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park. Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session, and her age. It also listed her favorite sports and activities, and pr

55、ovided her phone number. 39 You and your partner will probably have different skills. 40 Over time, both of you will benefit your partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more physically fit. The core (核心) of your relationship is that you will always be there to help each other.

56、A. Your first meeting may be a little awkward.B. A workout partner usually needs to live close by.C. Youll work harder if you train with someone else.D. Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport?E. How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice?F. Just accept your differe

57、nces and learn to work with each other.G. Any notice for a training partner should include such information.【答案】36. C37. D38. B39. G40. F【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何找到一个一起锻炼的伙伴。36. C。根据前文“Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partne.” One reason was: “Youll ac

58、tually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym,”(健身杂志最近刊登了一篇题为感谢健身伙伴的五个理由的文章。一个理由是：“如果你知道有人在健身房等你，你就会去锻炼。”)”可知，这里陈述另一个和别人一起锻炼的理由。所以选择项C“Youll work harder if you train with someone else.(如果你和别人一起训练，你会更努力。)”符合上下文语境。故选C。37. D。根据前文“First of all, decide what you want from that person. (

59、首先，决定你想从那个人身上得到什么。)”和后文“Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to move with strength and flexibility?(或者你只是想要身体健康，能够移动的力量和灵活性?)”可知，这里是一个问句，反问自己结伴锻炼的目的。所以选择项D“Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport? (你想在你最喜欢的运动项目上成为更好的运动员吗?)”符合上下文语境。故选D。38. B。根据前文“You might think about post

60、ing what you are looking for on social media, but probably wont result in a useful response. (你可能会考虑在社交媒体上发布你想要的东西，但可能不会得到有用的回应。)”和后文“If you plan on working out in a gym, that person must belong to the same gym.(如果你打算在健身房锻炼，那个人一定是同一个健身房的。)”可知，寻找的锻炼伙伴要具有便利性的特点。所以选择项B“A workout partner usually needs t

61、o live close by. (锻炼伙伴通常需要住在附近。)”符合上下文语境。故选B。39. G。根据前文“My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park. Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session, and her age. It also listed her favorite

62、 sports and activities, and provided her phone number. (我的搭档把她的要求贴在了当地公园的布告栏上。她的注意事项包括她想要做什么样的锻炼，每周多少天，每次培训要花多少小时，以及她的年龄。它还列出了她最喜欢的运动和活动，并提供了她的电话号码。)”可知，本段作者以自己的锻炼伙伴为例，说明寻找锻炼伙伴布告所要包括的信息。所以选择项G“Any notice for a training partner should include such information. (任何锻炼伙伴的布告都应包括这些信息。)”符合上下文语境。故选G。40. F。根

63、据前文“You and your partner will probably have different skills. (你和你的伴侣可能有不同的技能。)”和后文“Over time, both of you will benefit - your partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more physically fit.(久而久之，你们双方都会受益你的伴侣会举起更多的重量，你也会变得更健康。)”可知，要学会求同存异，一起合作，共同提高。所以选择项F“Just accept your differen

64、ces and learn to work with each other. (接受你们的不同，学会彼此合作。)”符合上下文语境。故选F。【2022新高考II卷】Writing an essay is a difficult process for most people. However, the process can be made easier if you learn to practice three simple techniques. 36 When you are first trying to think of ideas for an essay, put your pe

65、n to your paper and write nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting your pen leave the paper. Stay loose and free. 37 Dont worry about grammar or spelling. Even though this technique wont work for everyone, it helps many people get a good store of ideas to draw on. The next technique is to

66、write your draft rapidly without worrying about being perfect. 38 Yet, by learning to live with imperfection, you will save yourself headaches and a wastepaper basket full of crumpled (弄皱) paper. Think of your first draft as a path cut out of the jungleas part of an exploration, not as a complete hi

67、ghway. The third technique is to try printing out a triplespaced (三倍行距) copy to allow space for revision. 39 As a result, these writers never get in the habit of crossing out chunks (大块) of their draft and writing revisions in the blank space. After you have revised your draft until it is too messy

68、to work from anymore, you can enter your changes into your word processor. 40 The resulting blank space invites you to revise.A. Make sure your handwriting is neat.B. Let your pen follow the waves of thought.C. The second draft of the essay should be better.D. First of all, learn the technique of no

69、nstop writing.E. Too many writers try to get their drafts right the first time.F. Many beginning writers dont leave enough space to revise.G. Then you can print out a fresh draft, again setting your text on triple-space.【答案】36. D 37. B 38. E 39. F 40. G【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是写文章的技巧。36. D。空格处是本段的主题句，由空后的“

70、When you are first trying to think of ideas for an essay, put your pen to your paper and write nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting your pen leave the paper.(当你第一次想写一篇文章的时候，把笔放在纸上，不间断地写10到15分钟，不要让笔离开纸。)”可知，本段主要讲的是要学会不间断地写，D选项“First of all, learn the technique of nonstop writing.(首先，学习不

71、间断写作的技巧。)”概括了本段的主要内容，可作为主题句，故选D。37. B。空前说“Stay loose and free.(保持宽松和自由。)”，空后说“Dont worry about grammar or spelling.(不要担心语法和拼写。)”，因此空格处应说按心里想的写，自由发挥，B选项“Let your pen follow the waves of thought.(让你的笔跟随思想的波浪。)”说明了按自己的思路和想法来写，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选B。38. E。空前说“The next technique is to write your draft rapidly w

72、ithout worrying about being perfect.(下一个技巧是快速写草稿，不要担心是否完美。)”，空后说“Yet, by learning to live with imperfection, you will save yourself headaches and a wastepaper basket full of crumpled (弄皱) paper.(然而，通过学习与不完美共存，你将避免自己的头痛和一个装满皱巴巴的废纸篓。)”，E选项“Too many writers try to get their drafts right the first time.

73、(太多的作家试图在第一次就把草稿写好。)”中的“get their drafts”和上文的“write your draft”相呼应，说明了有很多人想一次就写好，这是不合理的，要学会允许不完美的存在，因此E选项承上启下，符合语境，故选E。39. F。空前说“The third technique is to try printing out a triplespaced (三倍行距) copy to allow space for revision.(第三种方法是打印出三倍行距的副本，以便有修改的空间。)”，F选项“Many beginning writers dont leave enoug

74、h space to revise.(许多初来乍到的作者没有留出足够的修改空间。)”中的“revise”和前面的“revision”一致，指出了新手作者的常见做法，且其中的“Many beginning writers”和后文的“these writers”相互呼应，因此F选项承上启下，符合语境，故选F。40. G。空前说“After you have revised your draft until it is too messy to work from anymore, you can enter your changes into your word processor.(当你修改你的

75、草稿，直到它太乱以至于无法继续工作，你可以把你的修改输入到你的文字处理器中。)”，空后说“The resulting blank space invites you to revise.(由此产生的空白允许您修改。)”，因此空格处应说输入到文字处理器后应该做什么，G选项“Then you can print out a fresh draft, again setting your text on triple-space.(然后你可以打印一份新的草稿，同样将文本设置为三倍行距。)”说的是输入到你的文字处理器后的做法，其中的“triple-space”和后文的“The resulting bl

76、ank space”相呼应，因此G选项承上启下，符合语境，故选G。【2022全国甲卷】Important Things to Know When Dining OutCultural dining etiquette (礼节) might surprise you with some of its important rules. 36 . Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family no matter where you are in the world.

77、Chopstick Rules The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions. When you put them down between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you. 37 . Hands or Utensils (餐具)In India and the Middle East, its considered v

78、ery rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand. 38 , instead preferring to use their hands. In Chile, you may never touch any food with your fingers. People in Thailand generally use their forks only to push food onto their spoons. Making Requests

79、 39 . In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you dont like their seasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food. Some of these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem random and strange, but they are important in various c

80、ountries. 40 , the more comfortable youll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices.A. The more friends you make in your lifetimeB. The more time you spend in any given countryC. Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensilsD. Dont get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a res

81、taurantE. Its a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plateF. Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use themG. It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal36-40 DFCGB【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些外出就餐时要知道的一些重要事情。36. D。根据文章标题“Important Things t

82、o Know When Dining Out (外出就餐时要知道的重要事情)”可知，本文主要介绍的是外出就餐时应该知道的重要事情。由此可知，D项“Dont get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant (不要在餐馆犯尴尬的错误)”符合语境，其中“at a restaurant”对应标题中的“When Dining Out”，同时引起下文“Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family no ma

83、tter where you are in the world. (知道一些技巧将有助于确保你和朋友或家人一起享受一顿愉快的晚餐无论你在世界的哪个地方)”。故选D。37. F。根据本段小标题“Chopstick Rules”可知，本段主要讲述的是使用筷子的规则。根据上文“When you put them down between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you. (当你在吃的间隙把它们放下来的时候，一定要把它们放在一起，这样

84、它们就和你面前的桌子边缘平行了)”可知，此处讲述了正确使用筷子的方式。由此可知，F项“Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them (不要把它们笔直地插在你的食物中，也不要在使用它们时交叉放置)”讲述的也是使用筷子时的注意事项，符合此处语境，其中“them”指的是上文的“chopsticks”。故选F。38. C。根据本段小标题“Hands or Utensils (餐具)”可知，本段主要讲述的是手和餐具的问题。根据上文“In India and the Middle East, its consider

85、ed very rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand. (在印度和中东，用左手吃饭被认为是非常不礼貌的。法国人希望你每只手拿一个餐具吃饭)”及下文“instead preferring to use their hands (相反更愿意使用他们的双手)”可知，此处在讲述不同国家就餐时习惯使用哪只手的问题。由此可知，C项“Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils (墨西哥人认

86、为用餐具吃饭是不合适的)”符合语境，与下文形成转折关系。故选C。39. G。根据本段小标题“Making Requests”可知，本段主要讲述的是用餐时提请求的问题。根据下文“In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you dont like their seasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food. (在葡萄牙，这将是一个严重的错误，因为这向厨师表明你不喜

87、欢他们的调味技巧。同样，在意大利，永远不要要求在食物中添加额外的奶酪)”可推知，在一些国家，用餐时提出要求是很无礼的。由此可知，G项“It may seem like simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal (吃饭时要盐和胡椒看似很简单)”符合此处语境，其中“request”是关键词，说明，在用餐时提出一些我们看来很平常的要求在某些国家是无礼的。故选G。40. B。根据下文“the more comfortable youll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices. (

88、你就会对它的外国文化习俗感到越舒服)”可推知，此处指在一个国家待得越久，就会越习惯当地习俗，且此处是“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构，B项“The more time you spend in any given country (你在某个国家待的时间越长)”符合文意，引出下文。故选B。【2022全国乙卷】Friendship needs care and attention to keep it in good health. Here are five ways to sustain (保持) long-distance friendships. Set a regular date

89、Long-lasting friendships share the characteristic that both sides equally contact (联系) and share with one another. With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge. 36 . More isnt always merrierMake sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to

90、 be contacted and what method works best for you both. 37 . There are alternatives to constant written communication, such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat. Practise empathy (共情) 38 . The friend who is remaining needs to be sensitive to all the additional time demands placed on the f

91、riend who has moved. The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel abandoned. 39 Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendships. Although technology might make day-to-day communication possible, extra effort goes a long wa

92、y on special days. Simply keeping a diary that keeps track of friends birthdays and other important dates will make sure nothing slips by you. Dont rely on technology alone 40 , but long-distance friendships even close ones may require more conscious effort to sustain. Try to seek out chances to ren

93、ew friendships. How to do it? Just spend face-to-face time together whenever possible.A. Remember important datesB. Compensate by writing lettersC. It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeperD. Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to itE. Friends need to talk about their

94、preferred methods of communicationF. It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social mediaG. You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind36-40 DBGAF 【解题导语】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了五种维系异地友谊的方法。36. D。上文“With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge.”（平日繁忙，很难抽出时间打电话。）讲

95、的是双方都很忙碌，很难有时间给对方打电话，D项“尽量找个双方都有空的时间去打电话，并坚持下去”给出了解决没时间打电话这个问题的方法，符合题意。故选D。37. B。上文“Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be contacted and what method works best for you both.”（确保你已经与你的朋友沟通过，了解你们彼此希望联系的次数，以及哪种沟通方式最适合你们两人。）提到异地朋友之间要商量沟通方式，B项“可以通过写信

96、补偿”提出了其中一种沟通方式：写信，下文“There are alternatives to constant written communication, such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat.”（除了不断的文字交流，还有其他方式，比如发语音或者组建群聊。）补充了发语音等其他沟通方式，其中“constant written communication”呼应了B项的“writing letters”。故选B。38. G。下文“The friend who is remaining”（留下来的朋友）和“The one in t

97、he new environment”（在新环境中的那个）提到朋友的两个不同处境，G项“你可能是朋友中离开的那一方，也可能是被留下的那一方”指出了异地友谊中分为离开的一方和留下的一方，其中“the friend who left”和“the one who was left behind”分别对应下文“The one in the new environment”和“The friend who is remaining”，所以G项符合题意。故选G。39. A。分析文章结构可知，设空处的内容是维系异地友谊的第四个方法，是第五段的小标题。下文“Anniversaries and birthday

98、s carry even more weight in long-distance friendships.”（周年纪念日和生日对于异地友谊而言是非常重要的。）讲的是诸如周年纪念日和生日等重要的日子对于维系异地友谊是非常重要的，由此推知，这段对应的维系异地友谊的方法是A项“记得重要的日子”，所以A项符合题意。故选A。40. F。设空处所在句子的后半句“but long-distance friendships even close ones may require more conscious effort to sustain.”（但是异地友谊甚至是关系亲密的友谊可能需要更加自觉地去维系。）

99、讲的是我们要更加自觉地维系异地友谊，其中“but”说明后半句与设空处形成转折，而F项“朋友之间很容易通过社交媒体产生一种联结感”讲的是可以通过社交媒体这种方式很容易与朋友产生联结，与后半句“require more conscious effort to sustain”形成转折，而且其中的“social media”呼应了该段的小标题“Dont rely on technology alone”（不要仅仅依赖技术）中的“technology”。故选F。【2022浙江6月卷】I have a drawer full of letters to Santa. Each year my child

100、ren would write up their Christmas wish lists. They were polite requests for the latest game or toy. As the children got older, they would give Santa some hints(提示)on where to buy their presents. 31 Those letters taught my children a valuable lesson about writing: It has a purpose. Sometimes our pur

101、pose is to achieve something; other times it may be to entertain, inform, or persuade. 32 And when writing doesnt seem to have any purpose or get any kind of meaningful response, then it can be hard to get excited about doing it. Christmas is a great time of year for children to communicate with oth

102、ers through writing. When children write for real audiences and real purposes, they can learn to choose their words accordingly. 33 You write “Dear Santa” because you dont know him personally and you want to show him respect. 34 Texting, online messaging, live chats while playing video games all mea

103、n that they are constantly producing written messages. However, because they are usually writing to family and friends, they use informal language most of the time. There is nothing wrong with this kind of writing. It suits the audience and the purpose and gets the job done. 35 This type of writing

104、wont be rewarded by the school examiner, nor by a future employer or a potential client. The very best communicators are those who know how to adjust their language to match their audience.A. It isnt that these young people cant write.B. But it is always purposeful-or at least it should be.C. The ag

105、e of pen-and-paper letter writing may have passed.D. As a result, each year they received something they wanted.E. You write “Hi Nanna and Pop” because you are close to them.F. As technology develops, young people are writing more than they ever have.G. But if this is the only kind of writing young

106、people do, it will cause problems.【答案】31. D 32. B 33. E 34. F 35. G【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。作者通过讲述孩子们通过给圣诞老人写信暗示得到自己心仪的礼物，从而论证观点：人们写作都是带有某种目的的。31.根据空前“As the children got older, they would give Santa some hints(提示)on where to buy their presents. (随着孩子们逐渐长大，他们会给圣诞老人一些提示，告诉他去哪里买礼物。)”可知，孩子们给圣诞老人提示去哪买礼物。结合选项可知，

107、D项“As a result, each year they received something they wanted. (结果，他们每年都会收到他们想要的东西。)”为孩子们提示的结果：收到心仪的礼物。前后为明显的因果关系。故选D项。32.根据空前“Sometimes our purpose is to achieve something; other times t may be to entertain, inform, or persuade. (有时我们的目的是为了获得东西，有时可能是为了娱乐、告知或说服。)”可知，我们写作都是带着目的的。结合选项B “But it is alwa

108、ys purposeful-or at least it should be. (但它总是有目的的或者至少应该是这样。)”可知，前后语意一致，说明写作是带有目的的。故选B项。33.根据空前“When children write for real audiences and real purposes, they can learn to choose their words accordingly. (当孩子们为真正的读者和真正的目的写作时，他们就能学会相应地选择用词。)”以及空后“You write “Dear Santa” because you dont know him person

109、ally and you want to show him respect. (你写“亲爱的圣诞老人”是因为你不认识他，你想表达对他的尊重。)”可知，空后句和空前句之间是“理论实践”的关系，由此可推知，空处也应为具体的实践。结合选项E“You write “Hi Nanna and Pop” because you are close to them. (你写“嗨，奶奶和爸爸”，因为你和他们很亲近。)”可知，符合这一逻辑。而且和空后结构一致。故选E项。34.根据空后“Texting, online messaging, live chats while playing video games

110、all mean that they are constantly producing written messages. (在玩电子游戏时发短信、在线消息、实时聊天都意味着他们在不断地产生书面信息。 )”可知，科技的发展让人们的写作变得更普遍。结合选项F“As technology develops, young people are writing more than they ever have. (随着科技的发展，年轻人写的东西比以前更多了。)”可知，前后语意一致，符合语境。故选F项。35.根据空前“There is nothing wrong with this kind of wr

111、iting. It suits the audience and the purpose and gets the job done. (这种写作方式并没有错。它迎合了观众和目的，完成了任务。)”可知，作者在评价这种科技影响下的写作方式。结合选项G“But if this is the only kind of writing young people do, it will cause problems. (但如果这是年轻人唯一的写作方式，那就会造成问题。)”可知，前后语意一致，从正反两方面评价科技带来的写作。故选G项。【2022浙江1月卷】I have the same 24 hours

112、in a day as you do, but 1 have made specific choice that allow me to make the most of every day and still feel happy and relaxed. 31 Pick the most important. 32 Focus on spending time that for you is fun and productive. 1 chose the life of an adviser because I like to work with companies, but dont w

113、ant the life of a big company CEO. My choices are based on the lifestyle 1 want. Combine your activities. Many people go crazy trying to figure out how to spend time with friends, family, work, play, etc. 33 Find ways to enjoy them in a combined manner. Build your social life around people your work

114、 environment. Find people in your company who share common interests and develop your career (职业) around the people and activities you love. 34 You would think learning takes more time from you, but actually there are always new ways of doing things that can save you time on daily tasks, freeing you

115、 up for the most important. Always be looking for a new way to gain back an hour here or there. Lighten up. The world wont come to an end in most cases just because you left a few things undone. Celebrate progress and keep refining (改进) toward a happy productive existence. 35 Every completion is a s

116、mall victory that adds up in a big way.A. Speed up.B. Be an active learner.C. Stop trying to balance time between them all.D. Make choices about what is meaningful in your life.E. The things you do well usually give you greater joy.F. Perhaps these tips will help you make the most of your time.G. Th

117、is is why making lists is important in any productivity handbook.本文是说明文。作者给出了既可以充分利用时间又可以快乐放松的有效建议。31. 上文“I have the same 24 hours in a day as you do, but 1 have made specific choice that allow me to make the most of every day and still feel happy and relaxed.( 我和你一样，每天都有24小时，但我做了具体的选择，让我充分利用每一天，仍然感

118、到快乐和放松)”说明作者做出选择，充分利用每一天，但仍旧感到快乐和轻松，根据下文段落小标题可知，下文就如何充分利用每一天给出了建议，因此空格处应是承上启下，F项中的“help you make the most of your time”与上文“to make the most of every day”一致，“tips”引出下文的建议，因此F项“也许这些建议会帮助你充分利用你的时间”符合语境，承上启下。故选F。32. 根据段落标题“Pick the most important.”可知，本段建议挑选最重要的，下文“Focus on spending time that for you is

119、fun and productive.( 把时间花在那些对你来说有趣和富有成效的事情上)”说明要挑选一些有趣的和富有成效的事情去做，D项中的“what is meaningful in your life”与标题中的“the most important”一致，下文是对“Make choices”具体解释。因此推断D项“选择你生活中有意义的东西”符合语境。故选D。33. 上文“Many people go crazy trying to figure out how to spend time with friends, family, work, play, etc.( 许多人疯狂地试图弄清

120、楚如何在朋友，家庭，工作，娱乐等方面度过时间)”说明许多人想要弄清楚在生活中如何分配好时间，下文“Find ways to enjoy them in a combined manner.( 找到一种结合的方式来享受它们)”说明可以把事情组合在一起享受，因此推断空格处与上文是转折关系，说明不要试图均衡时间，C项“不要试图在它们之间平衡时间”符合语境。故选C。34. 空格处为段落小标题。根据下文“You would think learning takes more time from you, but actually there are always new ways of doing th

121、ings that can save you time on daily tasks, freeing you up for the most important. Always be looking for a new way to gain back an hour here or there. Always be looking for a new way to gain back an hour here or there. (你可能会认为学习需要花费了你更多的时间，但实际上总有一些新的方法可以为你节省出做日常事务的时间，为你腾出时间去做最重要的事情。寻找在这里或者那里赢回一个小时的新

122、方法)”可推断，本段讲述学习虽然花费很多时间，但总是能有一些方法为你节省时间做其他事情，因此要做有效的学习者。因此推断B项“做有效的学习者”为段落标题，故选B。35. 下文“Every completion is a small victory that adds up in a big way.( 每一次的完成都是一个小的胜利，累积起来就是一个大的胜利)”说明事情要一件一件去做，G项中的“making lists”与之呼应，因此推断G项“这就是为什么列清单在任何生产手册中都很重要的原因”符合语境，this指代上文“The world wont come to an end in most c

123、ases just because you left a few things undone. Celebrate progress and keep refining (改进) toward a happy productive existence.( 在大多数情况下，世界不会因为你没做完几件事而走向末日。庆祝进步，不断改进走向一个快乐而富有成效的存在)”解释了列出清单一件一件完成任务的原因。故选G。【2022北京卷】Health and fitness help a person live a good and healthy life. Often due to various pres

124、sures, we tend to ignore our health. 35 It is the fitness level of our body that helps us fight these diseases. 36 We need to be fit to have a healthy body. Similarly, if we are healthy we shall naturally be attracted towards maintaining the fitness of our body. Health is the state of our body at a

125、given time. We may not have any disease but still have a weak body, which is ready to be targeted by viruses. 37 This does not definitely mean that we are not healthy. It means the fitness level is not in accordance with our age and the climatic conditions we live in.It is important for everyone to

126、devote some time to health and fitness. 38 For instance, we must exercise daily regardless of our age and working style. There are different levels of exercises for different age groups and we must do them according to our own health and age.Additionally, it is important to relax our body. We should

127、 have at least six to eight hours of sleep every day. It helps in improving our immune (免疫) system and protects us against diseases. 39 This, in turn, gives us new goals of health and fitness.A. Fitness levels decide the quality of life.B. Health and fitness are interrelated to each other.C. It also

128、 helps in keeping us calm and relaxes our mind.D. For instance, we may have a tendency to catch a cold easily.E. If we keep our body fit, we can enjoy life in a better manner.F. There are some activities which everyone should do in our life.G. This makes our body suffer and we will catch other disea

129、ses.【答案】35. G36. B37. D38. F39. C【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是健康和健身之间密不可分的关系以及我们应该通过哪些健身的方式来让自己有一个健康的身体。35.根据空前“Health and fitness help a person live a good and healthy life. Often due to various pressures, we tend to ignore our health.(健康和健身帮助一个人过上良好和健康的生活。由于各种各样的压力，我们往往会忽视自己的健康。)”可知因为各种压力，我们的健康容易被忽视，根据空后“It

130、 is the fitness level of our body that helps us fight these diseases.(正是我们身体的健康水平帮助我们对抗这些疾病。)”可知身体的健康可以让我们应对各种疾病，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲忽视健康对我们的身体及生活的影响。G项“This makes our body suffer and we will catch other diseases.(这使我们的身体遭受痛苦，而且我们会感染其他疾病。)”承接上文，引出下文，而且G项中的other diseases与空后的these diseases相互照应，符合上下文语境。故选G项。

131、36.根据空后“We need to be fit to have a healthy body. Similarly, if we are healthy we shall naturally be attracted towards maintaining the fitness of our body.(为了拥有一个健康的身体我们需要健康。同样，如果我们是健康的，我们自然会被保持健康的身体所吸引。)”可知健康的身体与健身是密不可分的，空处位于句首，应是本段的主旨句，B项“Health and fitness are interrelated to each other.(健康和健身是相互

132、关联的。)”概括全段的主要内容，符合上下文语境。故选B项。37.根据空前“Health is the state of our body at a given time. We may not have any disease but still have a weak body, which is ready to be targeted by viruses.(健康是在特定时间内我们身体的状态。我们可能没有任何疾病，但身体仍然虚弱，随时会被病毒攻击。)”可知我们的身体虽然没有生病，但也很虚弱，随时会生病，根据空后“This does not definitely mean that we

133、are not healthy.(这并不一定意味着我们不健康。)”可知生病并不一定表明我们是不健康的。空处承上启下，所以空处应该举例说明我们的身体在虚弱的情况下会生病这样一种状况，D项“For instance, we may have a tendency to catch a cold easily.(例如，我们可能很容易感冒。)”举例说明我们的身体会在虚弱的情况下生病，承接上文，引出下文，而且空后的This指代D项的we may have a tendency to catch a cold easily这种情况，符合上下文语境。故选D项。38.根据空前“It is important

134、for everyone to devote some time to health and fitness.(对每个人来说，花些时间在健康和健身方面是很重要的。)”可知我们应该花时间去健身，根据空后“For instance, we must exercise daily regardless of our age and working style.(例如，我们必须每天锻炼，不管我们的年龄和工作方式。)”可知我们应该每天坚持锻炼，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲的是我们应该通过哪些活动来进行锻炼，F项“There are some activities which everyone shoul

135、d do in our life.(在我们的生活中有一些活动是每个人都应该做的。)”承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文语境。故选F项。39.根据空前“We should have at least six to eight hours of sleep every day. It helps in improving our immune (免疫) system and protects us against diseases.(我们每天至少应该有6到8个小时的睡眠。它有助于改善我们的免疫系统，保护我们抵抗疾病。)”可知我们应该保障充足的睡眠，根据空后“This, in turn, gives u

136、s new goals of health and fitness.(这反过来又给了我们健康和健身的新目标。)”可知充足的睡眠会对我们的健康和健身目标很有好处，空处承上启下，所以空处应该继续讲充足的睡眠的好处，C项“It also helps in keeping us calm and relaxes our mind.(它也帮助我们保持冷静和放松我们的大脑。)”进一步讲了充足的睡眠对于我们的好处，承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文语境。故选C项。2021年高考真题题组【2022新高考I卷】My husband and I just spent a week in Paris. 36 So th

137、e first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard. It was so tiny that we had to leave our suitcases in the hallway.The place wasnt entirely authentic, though. Unlike a normal Parisian apartment, the plumbing (水管) worked. 37 Our building even had a

138、tiny lift with a female voice that said, “Ouverture des portes,” in perfect French. That is the only French phrase I mastered, and its a shame I dont have much use for it.Parisians are different from you and me. They never look lazy or untidy. As someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago, th

139、ey eat great food and never gain weight. 38 French strawberries do not taste like cardboard. Instead, they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs. 39 On our first morning in Paris, I went around the corner to the food market to pick up some groceries. I bought a handful of perfectly ripe sma

140、ll strawberries and a little sweet melon. My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten. But they cost $18!In France, quality of life is much more important than efficiency (效率). You can tell this by caf life. French cafs are always crowded. 40 When do these people work? The Fre

141、nch take their 35-hour workweek seriously so seriously that some labor unions recently struck a deal with a group of companies limiting the number of hours that independent contractors can be on call.A. Not all the customers are tourists.B. The quality of life in France is equally excellent.C. There

142、 was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.D. The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.E. Thats not the only reason the French eat less than we do.F. Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.G. The food is so delicious that you dont need much of it to make you

143、 happy.【答案】36-40 FCGEA 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者和丈夫在巴黎待了一段时间了解到的法国人的一些生活习惯。36.下文“So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard.(所以我们做的第一件事就是租了一个非常昂贵公寓，在第六层，只有一个橱柜那么大)”说明作者和丈夫采取行动，租了昂贵的公寓，F项“我们的目标是看看我们是否在某种程度上能像真正的巴黎人那样生活。”说明作者和丈夫租昂贵公寓的原因，引出下文，符合题

144、意。故选F项。37.上文“Unlike a normal Parisian apartment, the plumbing worked.(与普通的巴黎公寓不同，水管工作正常)”说明作者租的公寓的情况，C项“有一个漂亮的厨房和一张舒适的床”继续说明公寓的配置，承接上文，符合题意。故选C项。38.下文“French strawberries do not taste like cardboard. Instead, they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs.(法国草莓尝起来不像纸板。相反，它们会像小炸弹一样在你嘴里爆炸)”说明法国的草

145、莓很美味，G项中delicious是关键词，G项“食物是如此美味，你不需要吃太多就能使你快乐”引出下文，符合题意。故选G项。39.下文“My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten. But they cost $18!(我丈夫和我都认为这是我们吃过的最好的水果。但它们要18美元!)”说明法国的水果好吃但是很贵，E项“这并不是法国人吃得比我们少的唯一原因”承接上文法国人吃的少但是不胖的话题，并引出下文，说明法国人吃的少的另一个原因“物价昂贵”。故选E项。40.上文“In France, quality of

146、 life is much more important than efficiency (效率). You can tell this by cafs life. French cafs are always crowded. (在法国生活质量比效率更重要。这一点你能从咖啡馆生活看出来。法国的咖啡厅总是很拥挤)”说明了法国人会去咖啡馆，认为生活质量比效率更重要，以及下文“When do these people work?(这些人什么时候工作？)”说明咖啡馆中的顾客有法国人，A项中customer符合咖啡馆的情境设定，A项“并不是所有的顾客都是游客。”承上启下，符合题意。故选A项。【2022

147、新高考II卷】If the only reading you ever do is the novel or magazine, the speed at which you read -probably does not matter very much. But if you have to read a great deal for study, you will appreciate the benefits of being able to read more quickly. 36 Before you open the book, make sure that you are c

148、omfortable. You need a seat which supports your back and the book should be at the right distance from your eyes. 37 38 Look at the table of contents, the preface, the chapter heading,etc.This will help you to decide whether you really need to read the whole book or only certain parts of it. Ten min

149、utes spent in this way could save you quite a lot of time in the long run.If you decide that you need to read the whole book, decide how much you can read at a time. 39 A history book which may contain the facts in story form will be easier to read than one dealing with scientific subjects. In the f

150、ormer case you may be able to read a chapter. In the latter you may only be able to read one page.Always keep a pencil and paper beside you. 40 Note also the facts important for your purpose as well as anything which leads you to further research. You dont have to write these things in detail. It is

151、 enough to put the page number and one or two words as a reminder .A. Stop to have a rest now and then.B. Spend a few minutes looking through the book.C. This depends on the type of book you are reading.D. Here are some tips to help improve your reading speed.E. Make a note of any page which is of s

152、pecial importance.F. You may find yourself having to learn something by heart.G. Keep the room cool rather than warm to avoid feeling sleepy.【答案】36. D 37. G 38. B 39. C 40. E【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些帮助提高阅读速度的建议。36.根据上文“If the only reading you ever do is the novel or magazine, the speed at which you

153、read -probably does not matter very much. But if you have to read a great deal for study, you will appreciate the benefits of being able to read more quickly.（如果你唯一的阅读是小说或杂志，那么你阅读的速度可能并不重要。但是，如果你必须大量阅读来学习，你就会感激能够更快地阅读的好处。）”可知，接下来要介绍提高阅读速度的方法。D项：Here are some tips to help improve your reading speed.（

154、这里有一些帮助提高阅读速度的建议。）符合语境。故选D。37.根据本段主题句“Before you open the book, make sure that you are comfortable.（在你打开书之前，确保你感到舒服。）”可知，本段主要说明要给自己创造舒适的阅读环境。G项：Keep the room cool rather than warm to avoid feeling sleepy.（保持房间凉爽而不是温暖以避免困倦。）符合语境。故选G。38.空处为段落主题句。根据下文“Look at the table of contents, the preface, the cha

155、pter heading,etc（查看目录、前言、章节标题等。）”可知，本段主要讲述在阅读一本书之前要先浏览一下大致内容。B项：Spend a few minutes looking through the book.（花几分钟浏览一下这本书。）符合语境。故选B。39.根据上文“If you decide that you need to read the whole book, decide how much you can read at a time.（如果你决定要读完整本书，决定一下你一次能读多少。）”和下文“A history book which may contain the f

156、acts in story form will be easier to read than one dealing with scientific subjects.（以故事形式包含事实的历史书比科学题材的书更容易阅读。）”可知，看书时间的长短取决于书的类型。C项：This depends on the type of book you are reading.（这取决于你读的书的类型。）符合语境。故选C。40.根据段落主题句“Always keep a pencil and paper beside you.（总是在身边放一支铅笔和一张纸。）”可知，本段强调要随时注意记笔记。E项：Make

157、 a note of any page which is of special importance.（把任何有特别重要的一页都记下来。）符合语境。故选E。【2022全国甲卷】Swap, Dont shop!You keep hearing about recycling, right? But it doesnt end with bottles, cans, and paper. Clothing takes a huge amount of natural resources（资源）to make, and buying loads of new clothing (or throwin

158、g out old clothing) is not healthy for the environment. So what to do with all those perfectly-good-but-youre-maybe-a-little-sick-of-them clothes piled on your bedroom floor? 16 . Its the best way to get rid of your used clothes, score clothes from your friends, and have a party all at the same time

159、.A successful swap depends on the selection of clothes, the organization of the event, and, obviously, how much fun is had. Its really easy to do! Here are a few pointers. Invite 510 people so you have a nice selection. 17 , and there may not be enough things to choose from; more than that, and it b

160、ecomes uncontrollable. 18 . They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their new clothes home. Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room. 19 . Place a few mirrors around your room so people can see how things look when they try them on. One of the ground rules

161、of the swap should be that everyone must try on the clothes before they take themthings always look different when you put them on.Set a starting time. Maybe you say “go,” or turn on a certain song, or whatever. 20 . And dont forget to put out some cookies and fruits. Remember, its a party!A. Less p

162、eople than thatB. Hold a clothing swapC. If two people are competingD. Just keep music playing throughoutE. Donate whatever clothes are left overF. Have everyone put their clothes in the right spotsG. Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition【答案】16-20 BAGFD 【导读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了通过衣物交换来处理旧衣服

163、的方法衣物交换派对，以及一些具体的流程。16. B。根据上文“So what to do with all those perfectly- good-but-you re- maybe-little-sick-of-them clothes piled on your bedroom floor?（那么，该如何处理那些堆在卧室地板上的（看起来）完好但你可能有点厌倦的衣服呢？）”提出关于如何解决旧衣物的问题。下文“Its the best way to get rid of your used clothes, score clothes from your friends, and have

164、 a party all at the same time.（这是扔掉旧衣服、从朋友那里买衣服、同时开派对的最好方法。）”提到了具体处理旧衣物的方法。所以空白处应起承上启下的作用，承接上文讲到的问题，启下提出的方法。因而空白处是提出了一种处理旧衣物的好方法。B项“Hold a clothing swap.（进行衣物交换。）”给出了一种处理旧衣物的方法，承上启下，符合语境。17. A。根据上文“Invite 5-10 people so you have a nice selection.”（邀请5到10个人，这样你就有一个很好的选择。）说明了应该邀请的人数。下文“and there may n

165、ot be enough things to choose from; more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable.”（可能没有足够的东西可供选择；多于这个数量，它就变得无法控制。）说明多于或少于一定数量的人数将会导致一些麻烦。所以空白处应是针对下文中的“more than that”提出的相反的假设，即少于一定数量的人。A项“Less people than that”（少于这些人）提出一种假设，和下文中“more than that”相对，说明人数不宜太多，也不能太少。18. G。根据下文“They should also prepare p

166、lenty of reusable bags to carry their “new” clothes home.”（他们还应该准备大量的可重复使用的袋子，把他们的“新”衣服带回家。）说明去的时候应该为交换所得的“新衣服”准备袋子。G项“Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition.”（告诉每个人带来品相完好的衣服。）说明去参加衣物交换的时候应该带完好的衣服，其中的bring和下文中carry相对，都是为交换衣物所做的准备。下文中的also也是提示词，并且其中They指代G项的everyone。所以G项符合语境。19. F。根据上

167、文“Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room.”（把不同类型的衣服放在房间的不同地方。）指出衣服应该归类放置。下文“Place a few mirrors around your room so people can see how things look when they try them on.”（在房间周围放几面镜子，这样人们试穿时就能看到衣服的样子。）提到了放置镜子的意义。由此可见，本段讲述的是房间里的一些具体的做法，所以空白处一样要提出人们在房间里要做什么。F项“Have everyone p

168、ut their clothes in the right spots.（让每个人的衣服都放在相应的位置上。）”说明每个人应该按照不同类型把衣服摆放在相应的位置，符合语境。20. D。上文“Set a starting time. Maybe you say “go,” or turn on a certain song, or whatever.”（设置开始时间。也许你说“开始”，或者打开一首歌，或者无论什么。）打开音乐或者无论什么，意味聚会开始。下文“And dont forget to put out some cookies and fruits. Remember, its a pa

169、rty!”（别忘了拿出一些饼干和水果。记住，这是个派对！）讲到了聚会上应该提供一些派对该有的服务。因而，空白处应是承接上文，讲述聚会期间要保持应有的内容。D项“Just keep music playing throughout.”（要始终播放音乐。）承上启下，说明在派对上要有音乐，与前文形成意义上的一致，符合题意。【2021全国乙卷】According to Jessica Hagy, author of How to Be Interesting, its not difficult to make yourself interesting at a dinner party. 36 ,

170、if youre out of your comfort zone or if youre wandering into somebodys house for the first time. So the main thing is just to show up and be adventurous, trying different foods and talking to strangers. People love to talk about themselves. If you can start the conversation with a question other tha

171、n “What do you do for a living?”, youll be able to get a lot more interesting conversation out of whomever it is youre talking to. 37 , it can bring in “I have this old, broken-down vehicle” or “I rode the bus with these crazy people who were laughing at silly jokes in the back.” It just opens up co

172、nversation. 38 ? If you cant take their wine away, you should certainly try to take away their soapbox (讲台). If youre the host, you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with something and just remove them from the situation. 39 .And what about that other dinner-party killer: awkward silence? If y

173、oure faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party, the only thing that always gets everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment(赞扬). 40 . Just quickly turn around and say, “This cake is extremely delicious and you have to tell me all about it.”So being interesting at a dinner party isn

174、t that hard.A. How do you know the hostB. The first step is to go exploringC. If you ask the question “How did you get here?”D. Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangersE. Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to sayF. What about that person who had too much to

175、drink or wont stop talkingG. He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most【答案】36-40 BCFEG 【导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在晚宴上让自己表现得有趣的一些方法。36. B。根据上文“its not difficult to make yourself interesting at a dinner party (在晚宴上让自己变得有趣并不难)”可知，下文应主要讲述如何在晚宴上让自己变得有趣。下文“So the main thing i

176、s just to show up and be adventurous, trying different foods and talking to strangers. (所以最主要的事情就是去尝试，去冒险，尝试不同的食物，和陌生人交谈)”可推知，本段主要说明想在晚宴上让自己变得有趣，就要勇于冒险，勇于探索。由此可知，B项“The first step is to go exploring(第一步是去探索)”承上启下，符合题意。37. C。根据下文“it can bring in “I have this old, broken-down vehicle” or “I rode the b

177、us with these crazy people who were laughing at silly jokes in the back.” It just opens up conversation. (它可以带入“我有这辆破旧的车”或“我和那些在后面嘲笑愚蠢笑话的疯子一起乘坐公共汽车。”它只是打开了对话)”可知，设空处应该是提了一个不太好的问题，只是开始交流，但并不会给人留下有趣的印象。由此可知，C项“If you ask the question “How did you get here?”(如果你问“你是怎么到这里来的？”这个问题)”能够承接下文，符合题意。38. F。根据下文

178、“If you cant take their wine away, you should certainly try to take away their soapbox. If youre the host, you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with something and just remove them from the situation. (如果你不能拿走他们的酒，你当然应该让他们离开讲话的地方。如果你是主人，你可以让他们到厨房帮你做点什么，只是为了让他们摆脱那种情景)”可知，此处指出了一个问题的解决办法。由此推知，设空处

179、提到了一个棘手的问题。F项“What about the person who has had too much to drink or wont stop talking(喝太多酒或一直说个不停的人怎么办)”正是提出的问题，引出下文的解决办法，符合题意。39. E。根据上文“If you cant take their wine away, you should certainly try to take away their soapbox (讲台). If youre the host, you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with s

180、omething and just remove them from the situation. (如果你不能拿走他们的酒，你当然应该让他们离开讲话的地方。如果你是主人，你可以让他们到厨房帮你做点什么，只是为了让他们摆脱那种情景)”可知，本段主要是为解决“喝太多酒或一直说个不停”这个问题提供方法。由此可知，E项“Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say(或者把谈话变成他们没什么可说的话题)”是提出的另一个解决办法，承接上文，符合题意。40. G。根据上文“If youre faced with an

181、 awkward silence at a dinner party, the only thing that always gets everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment.(如果你在晚宴上遭遇了尴尬的沉默，唯一能让大家再次交谈的方法就是赞美主人)”可知，此处指出赞美主人可以缓解尴尬的沉默，设空处承上启下，下文“This cake is extremely delicious and you have to tell me all about it.(这蛋糕特别好吃，你得告诉我它的一切)”对主人进行了赞美。由此可知，宴会

182、上出现尴尬的沉默时，最尴尬的就是主人，所以需要赞美主人来缓解尴尬。G项“He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most(他或她是最能感受到那种尴尬的人)”承上启下，符合题意。【2021浙江6月】Youve got mailand its a postcardPaulo Magalhaes, a 34-year-old Portuguese computer engineer, loves to open his mailbox and find a brightly colored p

183、icture of Romes Colosseum. Or Africas Victoria Falls. Or Chinas Great Wall. 31 I often send postcards to family and friends. he says to China Daily, but you can imagine that after a while, you never receive as many as you send, and you realize that not everyone is into it 32 ” Seeking other like-min

184、ded souls, however, Paulo started looking in a somewhat unlikely place: online. Many would say the Internet is a place for people who have given up on the traditional postal service, but Paulos hunch（直觉）paid off. Today his hobby has developed into the website , a social network that has grown to 575

185、,217 registered users in 214 countries and regions since he started it 10 years ago. 33 Running the website has almost turned into a full-time job. Language is certainly a barrier for many people. For postcrossing to work worldwide, a common communication language is needed so that everyone can unde

186、rstand each other. As cool as it may be to receive a postcard written in Chinese, the concept doesnt work if one doesnt understand it. 34 So a common language is required and in postcrossing thats English since its widely spoken. Many people in China have limited exposure to English. 35 That said, w

187、e know of many postcrossing members, including Chinese, who have actually improved their English skills through their use of postcrossing, Paulo says. A. And thats totally fine.B. That makes it extra hard to learn and practice it.C. He likes to think of sending postcards as a family-friendly hobby.D

188、. Many love to make a connection with someone from across the world. E. On August 5, the number of postcards exchanged by members topped 31 million. F. Similarly, if you speak only Chinese, receiving a card in Swedish takes part of the fun away. G. In short, he loves postcards, and the excitement of

189、 getting a hand-written note from someone far away.【答案】31. G 32. A 33. E 34. F 35. B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了Paulo Magalhaes创建的过程及其现状。Paulo Magalhaes非常喜欢明信片但是苦于身边没有与他志趣相投的人，于是他开始从网上寻求志同道合的人，因而创立了。随着公司在全球不断壮大，语言成为沟通的主要障碍，后来英语被选为共同语言方便大家交流。31.上文“Paulo Magalhaes, a 34-year-old Portuguese computer engineer

190、, loves to open his mailbox and find a brightly colored image of Romes Colosseum. Or Africas Victoria Falls. Or Chinas Great Wall.( 34岁的葡萄牙电脑工程师Paulo Magalhaes喜欢打开他的邮箱，然后发现一个色彩鲜艳的罗马斗牛场图像。或者非洲的维多利亚瀑布。或者是中国的长城)”介绍了Paulo喜欢明信片的个人爱好。下文“. and you realize that not everyone is into it.”说明他身边缺少与他志趣相投的人。选项G“I

191、n short, he loves postcards, and the excitement of getting a scribbled note from someone far away.(简而言之，他喜欢明信片，也喜欢收到远方某人潦草的便条时的那种兴奋)”起到承上启下的作用，总结了上文Paulo喜欢明信片，也引出下文关于他的喜好得不到回应的问题。故选G项。32.上文“I often send postcards to family and friends. he says to China Daily, “but you can imagine that after a while,

192、 you never receive as many as you send, and you realize that not everyone is into it(“我经常给家人和朋友寄明信片， ”他说，“但你可以想象，过一段时间，你收到的明信片不会像你寄的那么多，而且你意识到并不是每个人都喜欢这样。”)”说明Paulo意识到身边的亲人和朋友不是都和他有相同的爱好，因此他也很坦然接受这个事实，因此选项A“那完全没问题”符合语境。故选A项。33.上文“Today his hobby has evolved into the website P, a social network that

193、has grown to 575,217 registered users in 214 countries and regions since he launched it 10 years ago.(如今，他的这个爱好已经发展成了P这个社交网站。自从10年前他创建这个网站以来，已经有来自214个国家和地区的575217名注册用户)”是在介绍目前网站的发展状况，因此符合文意的只有E选项“8月5日，会员互赠的明信片数量达到3100万张”是在介绍该网站相关的数据。故选E项。34.上文“As cool as it may be to receive a postcard written in Ch

194、inese, the concept doesnt work if one doesnt understand it.(收到一张用中文写的明信片可能很酷，但如果你不理解它，这个概念就行不通)”是举例说明他国人收到中文明信片时的问题。选项F“Similarly, if you speak only Chinese, receiving a card written in Swedish takes part of the fun away.(同样地，如果你只会说中文，收到瑞典语的卡片也会夺走一部分乐趣)”是举例说明中国人收到他国语言明信片时也会遇到相同的问题。两句相结合，符合结论句的语义要求，故

195、选F项。35.上文“Many people in China have limited exposure to English.(许多中国人很少能接触到英语)”说明对某些人来说学习英语的门槛较高。结合下文“. who actually improved their English skills through their use of postcrossing.(他们实际上通过使用明信片来提高他们的英语技能)”可知，写明信片成为一种练习英语的渠道。因此选项B “这使得学习和练习它变得格外困难 ”符合语境要求，说明对一些人来说学习和练习英语的难度较高，因为渠道较少。故选B项。【2021北京卷】M

196、usic has long been considered to be an enjoyable pastime for many people. _35_ The mental health benefits from music cant be argued. Music could also be helping you with many other health problems behind the scenes. _36_However, for the same reason, music can be very beneficial if one is in pain. By

197、 distracting （分心） the mind from the pain, music, people say, can lower stress and anxiety levels. This, of course, can lead to less pain. Many people enjoy relaxing music in the evening prior to going to bed. _37_While the validity of the idea is still being assessed, the lowered stress can even be

198、tied back to blood pressure. Similarly, according to researchers, listening to just 30 minutes of soft music every day may help with healthy blood sugar levels, through the lowering of stress and anxiety. When it comes to heart health, there is speculation （推测） that its not the style of music, but r

199、ather the tempo that makes it so good for your heart health. In one European study, participants listened to music as the researchers monitored their heart rates and blood pressure. _38_ On the other hand, when the music slowed, the participants stress and anxiety levels became lower and the effects

200、 on heart rates appeared to follow suit. _39_But there is a whole range of other health issues that turning up the radio could be beneficial for, which is what makes music so valuable. A. This feeling can also result in many other health problems. B. Some experts say that music can be harmful if it

201、is too loud. C. This idea is a little off-the-wall but still has scientific backing. D. They say it can play a big role in calming the brain enough to sleep. E. The implications of music on overall well-being are really impressive. F. It is also highly popular due to the individualized effects on st

202、ress and anxiety. G. Interestingly, the more cheerful the music was, the faster their heart rates were. 【答案】35. F 36. B 37. D 38. G 39. E【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文, 主要讲的是音乐对身体的好处。35.空格后说“The mental health benefits from music cant be argued”（音乐对心理健康的益处是毋庸置疑的）, F选项It is also highly popular due to the individual

203、ized effects on stress and anxiety中的stress and anxiety照应了mental health benefits, 因此F选项切合题意, 故选F。36.空格后说“However, for the same reason, music can be very beneficial if one is in pain”（然而, 出于同样的原因, 当一个人处于痛苦中时, 音乐是非常有益的）, However表转折, 因此空格处为对音乐的负面评价, B选项Some experts say that music can be harmful if it is

204、 too loud中的harmful就是负面评价, 因此B选项切合题意, 故选B。37.空格前说“Many people enjoy relaxing music in the evening prior to going to bed”（许多人喜欢在晚上睡觉前听些轻松的音乐）, D选项They say it can play a big role in calming the brain enough to sleep中的sleep和going to bed相呼应, 因此D选项切合题意, 故选D。38.空格前说“In one European study, participants list

205、ened to music as the researchers monitored their heart rates and blood pressure”（在欧洲的一项研究中, 参与者听音乐, 研究人员监测他们的心率和血压）, G选项Interestingly, the more cheerful the music was, the faster their heart rates were中的heart rates和前面的heart rates相照应, 因此G选项切合题意, 故选G。39.空格后说“But there is a whole range of other health

206、issues that turning up the radio could be beneficial for, which is what makes music so valuable”（但是, 开着收音机还可以对一系列其他的健康问题有益, 这就是音乐如此有价值的原因）, 因此本段讲的是音乐对身体总的好处, E选项The implications of music on overall well-being are really impressive讲的是音乐对整体健康的影响是非常令人印象深刻的, 因此E选项切合题意, 故选E。2020年高考真题题组【2020新高考卷】Some indi

207、viduals are born with a gift for public speaking._36_Do you want to be a good public speaker? Here are some principles you must master.People want to listen to someone who is interesting, relaxed and comfortable. Too often when you stand up to give a speech, you focus on the “public” at the expense

208、of the “speaking. ” _37_ Focus on the speaking. Talk directly to your audience, be yourself and make a connection.Even the most successful public speaker will make mistakes. Yet, the only one who cares about any mistake is the one who is speaking. Peoples attention wanders constantly. In fact, most

209、people only absorb about 20 percent of a speakers message. So, dont stop speaking when you make a mistake unless its a truly serious one._38_Your goal is not to be a perfect public speaker._39_And like everything else in life, that takes practice. Remember, even world champion athletes practice thei

210、r skills on a consistent basis._40_Its rare to hear someone say, “I wish that speaker had spoken longer. “On the other hand, you probably cant count the times that youve thought, “Im glad that talk is over. It seemed to go on forever! “So surprise your audience. Always make your presentation just a

211、bit shorter than anticipated. Its better to leave your listeners wishing for more than shifting restlessly in their seats waiting for your speech finally to end.A. Do the opposite.B. You want to be an effective public speaker.C. You don t need to apologize for a minor slip.D. When it comes to public

212、 speaking, less is usually more.E. The objective of most speeches is to benefit the audienceF. Take the fear out of public speaking by focusing on your listenersG. However, the majority of people are effective speakers because they train to be.【答案】36. G 37. A 38. C 39. B 40. D【导读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了成为好的演讲者

213、需要掌握的一些原则。36. 本文主题是介绍成为好的演讲者要掌握的一些原则。上句提到有些人生来就有演讲的天赋。G项:然而，大多数人之所以能成为有影响的演讲者，是因为他们受过训练。与上句转折，引出本文主题-演讲者要训练。故选G。37. 下句Focus on the speaking.是本段主题，建议演讲者把注意力集中在演讲上。上句提到一种常见现象，当站起来发表演讲时，演讲者往往会把注意力放在”公众”上，而不是”演讲”上。这是错误的做法，A项Do the opposite.承上启下，说明了上句做法的错误，引出了下句正确的做法。故选A。38. 本段提到即使成功的演讲者也会犯错误，观众不会太在意你的错误

214、。上句建议当出错时不要停止演讲，除非是非常严重的错误。C项:你不需要为一个小失误道歉。与上句承接，是对待演讲出错的方法。故选C。39. 本段是说明练习的重要性。上句提到你的目标不是成为一个完美的演说家，下句应该说明目标是什么。B. You want to be an effective public speaker.与上句衔接，是我们演讲的真正目的。故选B。40. 下文提到观众并不是认为演讲越长越好，根据 Always make your presentation just a bit shorter than anticipated.可知，作者建议让演讲比预期的短一点，给观众更多的期待胜过让

215、他们坐立不安地等待演讲结束。D项:公开演讲时，通常少就是多。说明了演讲时，多和少的辩证关系。故选D。【2020全国I卷】A Few Tips for Self-AcceptanceWe all want it to accept and love ourselves. But at times it seems too difficult and too far out of reach. 36 Heres a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction. 37 Do not follow the people who ma

216、ke you feel not-good-enough. Why do you follow them? Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs? Know that your life is your own; you are the only you in this world.Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. We are often ashamed of our short

217、comings, our mistakes and our failures. 38 You will make mistakes, time and time again. Rather than getting caught up in how you could have done better, why not offer yourself a compassionate (有同情心) response? “That didnt go as planned. But, I tried my best.”Recognize all of your strengths. Write the

218、m down in a journal. Begin to train your brain to look at strength before weakness. List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned your degree, and you got out of bed today. 39 Now that youve listed your strengths, list your imperfections. Turn the page in your journal. Pu

219、t into words why you feel unworthy, why you dont feel good enough. Now, read these words back to yourself. 40 Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements. See how awesome you are?A. Feeling upset again?B. Where do you start?C. Nothing is too small to celebrate.D. Rememb

220、er, you are only human. E Set an intention for self-acceptance.F. Stop comparing yourself with others.G. When does the comparison game start?【答案】36-40 BFDCA 【导读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几个自我接纳的小技巧。36. B。根据题目A Few Tips for Self-acceptance及下文的Heres a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction.(这有很多可

221、以帮你找到正确方向的方法。)可知，选项B. Where do you start? (从哪里开始那？)最合下文语境。37. F。根据下文Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs? Know that your life is your own; you are the only one in this world.可知，本段主要讲述不要把自己和别人作比较，因为生活是我们自己的，我们也是世界上独一无二的。故F. Stop comparing your

222、self with others.可以作为本段中心句。38. D。根据本文的中心句Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made.及下文的You will make mistakes, time and time again.可知，选项D. Remember, you are only human.与上下文衔接最好。39. C。根据上文List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned your degree, and you got out of

223、bed today.(列出你所有的成就。你有了一份工作，拿到了学位，今天就起床了。)可知，选项C. Nothing is too small to celebrate.(没有什么事是太小而不值得庆祝。)与上文衔接最好。40. A。结合上文Put into words why you feel unworthy, why you dont feel good enough. Now, read these words back to yourself.和下文的Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievem

224、ents. See how awesome you are?可知，选项A. Feeling upset again?最合上下文语境。【2020全国I卷】Emoji（表情符号）and Workplace CommunicationIn Asia, messaging platforms are growing rapidly, with users in the hundreds of millions, both at work and play. 36 . Its been reported that 76 percent of employees in some western count

225、ries are using emojis at work.Written communications can often read as cold and dull. Using emojis can add humor and feeling, keeping intention clear. 37 , encouraging better and more frequent communication.In any given office, employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond, and finding common gro

226、und in communication style can be a challenge.38 . While the younger generations prefer to communicate visually, for those used to working with traditional tools like email, it may feel like a learning curve（曲线）. The good news is that its simple to learn and can be worth the effort.There is also the

227、 matter of tone（语气）. Who hasnt received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire day? 39 . Emoji can help communication feel friendlier, and even a serious note can be softened with an encouraging smile.40 , and emoji can contribute directly to that positive outcome. And when your employees beg

228、in adding smiling emojis to their business communication, youll know you have succeeded in improving your work culture.A. Message with emojis feel more conversationalB. Even a formal email can seem cold and unfriendlyC. Sending smiling faces to colleagues may seem strangeD. The popularity of these p

229、latforms is spreading globallyE. Giving employees the tools enables them to communicate honestlyF. Studies show that friendlier communication leads to a happier workplaceG. An easy way to bring all work generations together is with a chat platform【答案】36-40 DACBF【导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了表情符号以及在工作交流所带来的优势。36

230、. D。根据前句“In Asia, messaging platforms are growing rapidly, with users in the hundreds of millions, both at work and play.(在亚洲，即时通讯平台正在迅速发展，无论是工作还是娱乐，都有数亿用户)”和后句“Its been reported that 76 percent of employees in some western countries are using emojis at work.(据报道，在一些西方国家，76%的员工在工作中使用表情符号)”可知，前后句都说明了

231、即时通讯平台受欢迎程度。所以选择项D. The popularity of these platforms is spreading globally. (这些平台的受欢迎程度正在全球蔓延)符合题意。37. A。根据前句“Using emojis can add humor and feeling, keeping intention clear.(使用表情符号可以增加幽默和感情，保持明确的意图)”和后半句“encouraging better and more frequent communication.(鼓励更好更频繁的交流)”可知，这里陈述使用表情符号的优点。38. G。根据前句“In

232、 any given office, employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond, and finding common ground in communication can be a challenge. (在任何一间办公室，员工年龄从22岁到70岁甚至更大，在交流中找到共同点可能是一项挑战)” 中关键词句“employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond,”与选择项中“all work generations”是一致的。39. B。根据前句“ Who hasnt received an

233、email so annoying that it ruined an entire day? (谁没有收到过毁掉了一整天的邮件呢？)”和后文介绍表情的优点，可知，这里陈述电子邮件的缺点。 40. F。根据后句“and Emoji can contribute directly to that positive outcome. (并且表情符号可以直接促成这种积极的结果)”可知，这里陈述表情符号能给工作场所带来的好处。【2020全国III卷】A housewarming party is a special party to be held when someone buys or moves

234、 into a new apartment or house. The person who bought the house or moved is the one who throws the panty. The party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person on the new home. 36 And it is good time to fill the new space with love and hopefully presents. 37 Some people register a

235、list of things they want or need for their new home at a local or store or stores. Some common things people will put on a gift registry include kitchen tools like knives and things like curtains. Even if there isnt a registry, a good housewarming gift is something to decorate the new house with, li

236、ke a piece of art or a plant. 38 This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isnt a lot of food served. There are usually no planned activities like games at a housewarming party. The host or hostess of the party will, however, probably give all the guests a tour of their new home. Somet

237、imes, because a housewarming party happens shortly after a person moves into their new home, people may be asked to help unpack boxes. 39 Housewarming parties get their name from the fact that a long time ago people would actually bring firewood to a new home as a gift. 40 Now most homes have centra

238、l heating and dont use fires to keep warm.A. This isnt usual though.B. It is traditional to bring a gift to a housewarming party.C. You can also bring food or drinks to share with the other guests.D. If youre lucky enough to receive gifts, keep them in a safe place.E. It also gives people a chance t

239、o see what the new home looks like.F. The best housewarming parties encourage old friends to get together.G. This was so that the person could keep their home warm for the winter.36-40 EBCAG【导读】本文是说明文，介绍了乔迁聚会的目的，礼物的选取，活动安排和名称的由来。36. E。上句 The party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate t

240、he person on the new home介绍庆祝乔迁之喜的聚会是亲戚朋友祝贺搬新家的人的一次机会，下句 And it is a good time to fill the new space with love and hopefully presents介绍这也是给新家装满爱和希望礼物的好时机。E项与上下句并列，都是庆祝乔迁之喜聚会的目的。37. B。下文Some common things people will put on a gift registry include kitchen tools like knives and things like curtains.和l

241、ike a piece of art or a plant. 列举了参加聚会所带礼物的清单，可以是厨房工具、窗帘、艺术品或绿植。这些都和参加聚会带礼物有关，B项概括了本段内容，引出下文。38. C。本段介绍了聚会的活动安排，根据后文This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isn t a lot of food served.指出因为新搬家，所以主人不会准备太丰盛的食物或太多的活动。那么本句是在建议你可以带上自己的食物或饮料与其他客人分享搬家，所以主人不会准备太丰盛的食物或太多的活动。C项：你也可以带上食物或饮料与其他客人分

242、享。39. A。本段提到在乔迁聚会上人们会聚餐，主人带领客人参观新家。上句提到，由于乔迁聚会是在搬进新家后不久举行的，人们可能会被要求帮助打开箱子。根据常识可知在乔迁聚会上让客人们帮忙干活是不常见的，A项表达了此意，与上文衔接。40. G。上句介绍了乔迁聚会名称的由来，根据bring firewood to a new home as a gift.可知人们会带柴火作为礼物，那么本空承接上文说明了带柴火的目的和作用。G项符合语境。【2020北京卷】Many people think that positive thinking is mostly about keeping ones head

243、 in the sand and ignoring daily problems, trying to look optimistic. In reality it has more to do with the way an individual talks to himself. Self-talk is a constant stream of thoughts of a person, who is often unaware and uncertain of some events, phenomena, people, or even the person himself. 46

244、Meanwhile, positive thinking can help to stop negative self-talks and start to form a positive view on an issue. People who regularly practise positive thinking tend to solve problems more effectively. They are less exposed to stress caused by external factors. They tend to believe in themselves and

245、 in what they do. 47 People who think positively demonstrate increased life spans (寿命), lower rates of depression and anxiety, better physical and psychological health, reduced risks of death from heart problems. Positive thinking also contributes to ones ability to deal with problems and hardships.

246、 48 For example, researchers have found that in the case of a crisis accompanied by strong emotions, such as a natural disaster, positive thinking can provide a sort of buffer(缓冲作用)against depression and anxiety. Resilient(适应性强的)people who think positively tend to treat every problem as a challenge,

247、 a chance for improvement of any kind, or as an opportunity for personal growth. Pessimists, on the contrary, tend to perceive problems as a source of additional stress. 49 In conclusion, positive thinking is a powerful and effective tool for dealing with hard times and improving the quality of ones

248、 life. It doesnt have anything to do with ignorant optimism when an individual refuses to notice a problem.50 Thinking in a positive, self-encouraging way brings about many benefits to ones physical and mental health. A. It doesnt cause any severe emotional discomfort, either. B. Negative self-talk

249、damages self-confidence and decreases self-respect. C. It helps one to remain clear-headed and confident in difficult situations. D. Positive thinking has several beneficial effects on the body and the mind. E. As thinking changes, an individuals behaviour and habits change as well. F. They often of

250、fer a real alternative to the common and regular way of thinking. G. They often feel discouraged long before trying to solve the problem, even if small. 【答案】46. B 47. D 48. C 49. G 50. A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了积极思考对人产生的各种益处，同时将积极思考者与悲观主义者相比较，分析两种人的差异。积极思维是应对困难时期和提高个人生活质量的强大而有效的工具。46.根据上文“Self-talk is a c

251、onstant stream of thoughts of a person, who is often unaware and uncertain of some events, phenomena, people, or even the person himself.(自我对话是一个人持续不断的想法，他常常对一些事件、现象、人，甚至是他自己都没有意识和不确定)”以及后文“Meanwhile, positive thinking can help to stop negative self-talks and start to form a positive view on an issu

252、e.(同时，积极的思考可以帮助停止消极的自我对话，开始形成对一个问题的积极的观点)”由此可知，上文对自我对话进行了定义，后文则提到了积极的思考可以有助于停止消极的自我对话，可知本句是在说明消极的自我对话对人的不良影响。后文中negative self-talks可对应到B选项中Negative self-talk。故B选项“消极的自言自语会损害自信，降低自尊”符合语境，故选B。47.根据后文“People who think positively demonstrate increased life spans, lower rates of depression and anxiety, b

253、etter physical and psychological health, reduced risks of death from heart problems. Positive thinking also contributes to ones ability to deal with problems and hardships.(积极思考的人寿命更长，抑郁和焦虑率更低，身心更健康，死于心脏问题的风险更低。积极的思考也有助于一个人处理问题和困难的能力)”由此可知，后文提到了积极思考对人的益处，后文中People who think positively以及Positive thin

254、king可对应到D选项中Positive thinking。故D选项“积极思考对身心有几个有益的影响”符合语境，故选D。48.根据后文“For example, researchers have found that in the case of a crisis accompanied by strong emotions, such as a natural disaster, positive thinking can provide a sort of buffer against depression and anxiety.(例如，研究人员发现，当危机伴随着强烈的情绪时，比如自然灾

255、害，积极的思考可以为抑郁和焦虑提供一种缓冲)”可知，后文举出的例子说明了积极思考可以让一个人在面临危机时，保持冷静。故C选项“它帮助一个人在困难的情况下保持头脑清醒和自信”符合语境，故选C。49.根据上文“Resilient people who think positively tend to treat every problem as a challenge, a chance for improvement of any kind, or as an opportunity for personal growth. Pessimists, on the contrary, tend t

256、o perceive problems as a source of additional stress.(积极思考的、有韧性的人倾向于把每一个问题都看作是一个挑战，一个改进的机会，或者一个个人成长的机会。相反，悲观主义者倾向于将问题视为额外压力的来源)可知，上文在将积极思考者与悲观主义者相比较，本句应承接上文，进一步解释说明悲观主义者在解决问题时一些性格特点。上文Pessimists可对应到G选项中They。故G选项“他们常常在试图解决问题之前就感到气馁，即使是很小的问题”符合语境，故选G。50.根据上文“In conclusion, positive thinking is a power

257、ful and effective tool for dealing with hard times and improving the quality of ones life. It doesnt have anything to do with ignorant optimism when an individual refuses to notice a problem. (总之，积极思考是应对困难时期和提高个人生活质量的强大而有效的工具。当一个人拒绝注意到一个问题时，它与无知的乐观主义没有任何关系)”可知，本句承接上文进一步说明一个人拒绝注意到问题的影响，它与无知的乐观主义没有任何关

258、系，也不会引起任何严重的情绪不适。故A选项“它也不会引起任何严重的情绪不适”符合语境，故选A。【2020浙江6月卷】I experienced years of loneliness as a child. _31_ His friends teased him about babysitting his sister and his interests were far different from mine. With no other kids of my age in the neighborhood, I had to spend hours by myself.A bright s

259、pot for me turned out to be reading. My love of the written word began early as my mother read to me every evening. _32_ I started reading books on my own before age 5 and my mother took me to the public library once a week to borrow several books. I quickly graduated from typical childrens books to

260、 ones with fewer pictures and longer chapters. Reading opened new worlds to me. _33_ My mother also encouraged me to make what I wanted. I tried making toy cars with cardboard boxes and constructing buildings from leftover cardboard and bits of wood my father gave me. When my mother saw my creations

261、, she told me how creative my designs were. _34_ I learned a lot about how to extend the life of objects and transform them into something new and useful. It was a trait(特点) others found helpful, and I soon had friends who wanted to make things with me._35_My parents made it a point for their two ki

262、ds to spend time outside, no matter the weather or season. My brother, of course, raced off to be with his friends, while I had plenty to do myself. There was making leaf houses in autumn, ice skating in winter, and so much more. Theyre all memories I treasure today.A. I wasnt alone any longer.B. I

263、enjoyed reading stories aloud.C. I was invited to play with another kid.D. I loved the colorful photographs in the books.E. Another habit I formed early was being outdoors.F. Thus, I began my lifelong interest in making things.G. My older brother couldnt be bothered to play with me.31-35 GDAFE【分析】这是

264、一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者养成几个生活习惯的原因。31. G。设空在段中，应是承前启后句。根据后文“His friends teased him about babysitting his sister and his interests were far different from mine”可知，设空句应提及“his”的身份，即G项中的“My elder brother”，且G项“我哥哥懒得和我一起玩”在此起到了承上启下的作用。32. D。根据前句提到“我对文字的爱始于母亲每天晚上给我读故事的时候”可知，D项“我喜欢书中的彩色照片”和上句构成进一步说明。同时D项中的“书”指代上句提到的母

265、亲每天给我读故事的书。33. A。根据前句提到“阅读为我打开了新世界”可知，A项“我不在孤独”和上句构成了因果关系。34. F。根据前句“当我的母亲看到我的创作时，她说我的设计很有创意”可知，F项“于是，我开始对制造东西产生了长久的兴趣”和上句构成因果关系，我正是在听了母亲那句话后才开始了对制造东西产生兴趣。35. E。根据后句“无论天气或季节，我的父母都要让他们的两个孩子花时间在户外”可知，E项“我很早养成的另一个习惯是去户外”和前句表示因果逻辑。作者有去户外的习惯是因为后句提到的父母的影响。【2020浙江1月卷】Lets take a minute to think about the w

266、ater we use. The human body is 60% water andwe need to drink lots of water to be healthy. When we are thirsty we just go to the kitchenand fill a glass with clean water. 31 For example, farmers, who produce the food we eat, use water to make theplants grow. When we turn on a light or switch on a TV

267、or a computer we use energy andwe need water to produce this energy.The truth is that we are lucky enough to have clean water whenever we want, but this is not the case for many people around the world. 32 Thats around one in 10 people in the world. If we drink dirty water, we can catch diseases fro

268、m the bacteria and become ill. Every year over 500,000 children die from diarrhoea (腹泻) from dirty water. Thats around 1,400 children every day! Also, in some countries children walk many kilometres every day to get water. 33 Therefore, they dont have time to learn how to read or write and dont get

269、an education. 34 On this day every year, countries around the world hold events to educate people about the problems of dirty water and that clean water is something that everyone should have around the world. At one school in the UK, children between the ages of 10 and 15 walk 6km with six litres o

270、f water. 35 People give them money to do this and all the money helps get clean water to as many people as possible around the world.A. We use water indirectly too.B. Every system in our body depends on water to function.C. It is to inspire people to learn more about water-related problems.D. If chi

271、ldren walk many hours a day to get water, they cant go to school.E. Did you know that around 750 million people do not have clean water to drink? F. In 1993 the United Nations decided that March 22nd is the World Day for Water.G. In this way, they know how it feels to walk a long distance carrying h

272、eavy bottles.本文是一篇说明文，主要说明在很多国家，洁净的饮用水来之不易。31. A 此空作为段首句，起承上启下的作用。第一段讲了人和水的直接关系，第二段讲的是水在生活中的用途，是人和水之间的间接关系。故选A。32. E 根据空前提到的“并不是全世界很多人都能喝到干净的水”，空后一句提到的“这大概是世界十分之一的人口”，可知，前面一句应该涉及人口数量，故选E。33. D 空前一句提到“在一些国家，孩子们要步行很远才能取到水”和空后“因此，他们没有时间学习读书写字，不能接受教育”，可知此空承上启下，说明孩子们不能上学的原因是每天要花很多时间去取水。34. F 由空后的this day

273、可知选F。35. G 空前提到“在英国的一所学校，10到15岁的孩子们带着6升水步行6公里”，可知这是在效仿取水困难地区的孩子们，人们以这种方式让孩子们体会去很远的地方取水的艰难，让孩子们知道洁净水的珍贵。2019年高考真题题组【2020全国I卷】Is Fresh Air Really Good for You?We all grew up hearing people tell us to “go out and get some fresh air.” 36 According to recent studies, the answer is a big YES, if the air q

274、uality in your camping area is good. 37 If the air youre breathing is clean-which it would be if youre away from the smog of cities-then the air is filled with life-giving, energizing oxygen. If you exercise out of doors, your body will learn to breathe more deeply, allowing even more oxygen to get

275、to your muscles (肌肉) and your brain.Recently people have begun studying the connection between the natural world and healing (治愈). 38 In these places patients can go to be near nature during their recovery. It turns out that just looking at green, growing things can reduce stress, lower blood pressu

276、re, and put people into a better mood (情绪). Greenery is good for us. Hospital patients who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead. 39 It gives us a great feeling of peace. 40 While the suns rays can age and harm our sk

277、in, they also give beneficial Vitamin D. To make sure you get enough Vitamin Dbut still protect your skin put on sunscreen right as you head outside. It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes to start working, and thats plenty of time for your skin to absorb a days worth of Vitamin D.A. Fresh air cle

278、ans our lungs.B. So what are you waiting for?C. Being in nature refreshes us.D. Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight.E. But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said?F. Just as importantly, we tend to associate air with health care.G. All across the country, rec

279、overy centers have begun building Healing Gardens.【答案】36. G 37. B 38. A 39. E 40. C【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了动机和目标的关系以及如何激发动机并设定切实可行的目标。36.上文说“动机和目标设定是同一枚硬币的两面”，下文说“就像孩子在跳水台，你会犹豫不决。”，该空承上启下，G选项“没有动力，你就既不能设定目标，也无法实现它”切题，故选G。37.上一段阐述了动机和设定目标的关系，强调了动机的重要性，本队进一步讲如何激励自己并保持动力来实现目标。B选项“那么你应该如何激励自己呢？”承上启下，故选B。38.上文说

280、“有时候你的心不在工作上”，下文说“所以，减慢速度，想一想那时候，你到底想干什么”。该空承上启下，A选项“这会影响你的工作”切题，故选A。39.上文说“记得，目标是灵活的”。该空承接上文，E选项“它们会根据环境的改变而改变”切题，故选E。40.上文说“你可能想当一名飞行员，但是不能成为一名飞行员，因为你的视力不够好。”下文说“你应该重新评估你的目标，并且设定一个新的目标”。该空承上启下，C选项“然而，这不应该使你气馁。”切题，故选C。【2020全国II卷】Imagine a child standing on a diving board four feet high and asking h

281、imself the question:“Should I jump? This is what motivation or the lack of it can do. Motivation and goal setting are the two sides of same coin. 36 Like the child on the diving board, you will stay undecided.37 More than that, how should you stay motivated to achieve the goal? First, you need to ev

282、aluate yourself, your values your strengths, your weaknesses, your achievements, your desires etc. Only then should you set your goals.You also need to judge the quality and depth of your motivation. This is quite important, because it is directly related to your commitment. There are times when you

283、r heart is not in your work. 38 So, slow down and think what you really want to do at that moment. Clarity（清晰）of thoughts can help you move forward.Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives, keeping in mind your beliefs, values and strengths. Remember t

284、hat goals are flexible. 39 They also need to be measurable. You must keep these points in mind while setting your goals.Your personal circumstances are equally important. For example, you may want to be a Pilot but cant become one because your eyesight is not good enough. 40 You should reassess your

285、 goals, and motivate yourself to set a fresh goal. You will surely need to overcome some difficulties, some planned, but most unplanned. You cannot overcome them without ample motivation. Make sure that you plan for these difficulties at the time of setting your goals.A. This can affect your work.B.

286、 So how should you motivate yourself?C. However, this should not discourage you.D. So why should we try to set specific goals?E. They can change according to circumstances.F. Motivation is what you need most to do a good job.G. Without motivation you can neither set a goal nor reach it.36-40 GBAEC 【

287、答案】36. G 37. B 38. A 39. E 40. C【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了动机和目标的关系以及如何激发动机并设定切实可行的目标。36.上文说“动机和目标设定是同一枚硬币的两面”，下文说“就像孩子在跳水台，你会犹豫不决。”，该空承上启下，G选项“没有动力，你就既不能设定目标，也无法实现它”切题，故选G。37.上一段阐述了动机和设定目标的关系，强调了动机的重要性，本队进一步讲如何激励自己并保持动力来实现目标。B选项“那么你应该如何激励自己呢？”承上启下，故选B。38.上文说“有时候你的心不在工作上”，下文说“所以，减慢速度，想一想那时候，你到底想干什么”。该空承上启下，A选

288、项“这会影响你的工作”切题，故选A。39.上文说“记得，目标是灵活的”。该空承接上文，E选项“它们会根据环境的改变而改变”切题，故选E。40.上文说“你可能想当一名飞行员，但是不能成为一名飞行员，因为你的视力不够好。”下文说“你应该重新评估你的目标，并且设定一个新的目标”。该空承上启下，C选项“然而，这不应该使你气馁。”切题，故选C。【2020全国III卷】In an online class, developing healthy patterns of communication with professors is very important. 36 While I have only

289、 listed two of each, there are obviously many other situations that can arise. Students should be able to extend the logic（逻辑）of each to their particular circumstance.Dos 37 Questions about subject content are generally welcomed. Before asking questions about the course design, read the syllabus（教学大

290、纲）and learning management system information to be sure the answer isnt hiding in plain sight. Participate in discussion forums（论坛）, blogs and other open-ended forums for dialogue. 38 Be sure to stay on topic and not offer irrelevant information. Make a point, and make it safe for others to do the s

291、ame.Donts Dont share personal information or stories. Professors are not trained nurses, financial aid experts or your best friends. If you are in need of a deadline extension, simply explain the situation to the professor. 39 Dont openly express annoyance at a professor or class. 40 When a student

292、attacks a professor on the social media, the language used actually says more about the student. If there is truly a concern about a professors professionalism or ability, be sure to use online course evaluations to calmly offer your comments.A. Thats what they are for.B. Turn to an online instructo

293、r for help.C. If more information is needed, they will ask.D. Remember that online professors get a lot of emails.E. Below are some common dos and donts for online learners.F. Everyone has taken a not-so-great class at one time or another.G. Ask questions, but make sure they are good, thoughtful que

294、stions.【答案】36. E37. G38. A39. C40. F【解析】本文为说明文。在网络课堂上，与教授建立健康的交流模式是非常重要的，作者在文中列举了一些规矩与禁忌。36.根据文章段落结构和本段首句In an online class, developing healthy patterns of communication with professors is very important.可知，在网络课堂上，与教授建立健康的交流模式是非常重要的，作者在下文中列举了一些规矩与禁忌，故E项符合语境。37.根据其后一句Questions about subject content a

295、re generally welcomed.（与课程内容相关的问题是受欢迎的），解释了什么样的问题是好问题，G项“make sure they are good, thoughtful questions”与后一句相呼应，要提一些好的令人深思的问题，故选G。38.根据前一句Participate in discussion forums(论坛), blogs and other open-ended forums for dialogue.可知，要参与论坛讨论、博客和其他开放式的对话论坛。而这正是网络课堂采用的交流的途径，故选A。39.根据本段Professors are not traine

296、d nurses, financial aid experts or your best friends.可知，教授不是训练有素的护士，不是经济援助专家，也不是你最好的朋友，所以不要分享个人信息或故事，如果他们需要更多信息的话，他们会主动问起的，故C项符合语境。40.通读本段，并根据本段主题句Dont openly express annoyance at a professor or class.告诫读者，每个人都可能曾经上过不太好的课，不要在社交媒体上攻击教授，不要公开表达对教授或班级的不满，要利用课程评价冷静地提出你的意见。选项F承上启下。故选F。【2020浙江卷】Rock music

297、consists of many different styles. Even though there is a common spirit among all music groups, they make very different music. _31_ At that time the Beatles entered the world of music from Liverpool.After they were given an invitation to appear live on BBC, the Beatles quickly became famous in Brit

298、ain with nationwide tours. By mid-1963, the Beatles had been extremely popular in England. _32_ They held large concerts and performed at clubs. They became the hottest thing on the pop music scene in England. They began as a modestly successful musician group and ended the year as show business leg

299、ends(传说). John Lennon and Paul McCartney were named composers of the year._33_ They were not sure how the Americans would react to the new type of music. Beatlemania hit New York on February 7, 1964. Hundreds of fans jammed the airport to greet them. _34_ The concert was broadcast live and attracted

300、 the largest one night audience in the history of television up to that time. The Beatles were described as a British invasion(入侵) by local and nationwide newspapers at that time. Their victory in America was still remembered as a major turning point in the history of rock and roll. Thanks to the Be

301、atles, a lot of opportunities were opened up to new faces on the market. _35_A. They decided on a tour to the United States in 1964.B. Even their hairstyles became major trends at that time.C. Rock music developed in the 1950s and the early 1960s.D. However, their songs changed the lives of generati

302、ons to come.E. Many rock bands were able to follow in the footsteps of the Beatles.F. They appeared in the films A Hard Days Night(1964)and Help！(1965).G. They performed their first concert in America at CBS televisions 53rd street studio.【答案】31. C 32. B 33. A 34. G 35. E【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文中讲述了披头士乐队的成功引领

303、了摇滚乐等一系列新的潮流趋势。【31题详解】第一段讲述摇滚音乐，根据空后的at that time可知，前句提到了时间，而且与rock music有关，选项中只有C项讲的是摇滚音乐，并且讲述了其发展的时间，故选C。【32题详解】空前后都是讲述披头士的出名程度，根据空前extremely popular in England以及后文的they became the hottest thing可知，此处描述了他们的影响，选项B（甚至他们的发型在那时也成为了一种潮流）符合文意，且关键词even是一个提示，故选B。【33题详解】根据空后They were not sure how the Americ

304、ans would react to the new type of music.（他们不确定美国人怎样反应），可知他们首次来美国演出，所以A项（决定首次到美国开巡回演出）符合文意，故选A。【34题详解】根据空后The concert was broadcast live and attracted the largest one night audience in the history of television up to that time.可知，前句中应该出现concert，选项G中的关键词their first concert 前后呼应。故选G。【35题详解】根据空前（由于披头士，

305、市场上出现了很多新面孔），E项（很多摇滚乐队都是模仿披头士），符合逻辑，披头士乐队为摇滚乐开拓了市场。故选E。【2020北京卷】Much of the work in todays world is accomplished(完成)in teams. Most people believe the best way to build a great team is to gather a group of the most talented individuals._46_Companies spend millions hiring top business people. Is their

306、 money well spent？_47_They focused on football，basketball and baseball. The results are mixed .For football and basketball，adding talented players to a team proves a good method，but only up to the point where 70% of the players are top talent；above that level, the teams performance begins to decline

307、. Interestingly，this trend isnt evident in baseball,where additional individual talent keeps improving the teams performance.To explain this phenomenon，the researchers explored the degree to which a good performance by a team requires its members to coordinate(协调)their actions._48_In baseball，the pe

308、rformance of individual players is less dependent on teammates. They conclude that when task interdependence is high，team performance will suffer when there is too much talent，while individual talent will have positive effects on team performance when task interdependence is lower. If a basketball s

309、tar is,for example，trying to gain a high personal point total，he may take a shot himself when it would be better to pass the ball to a teammate，affecting the teams performance. Young children learning to play team sports are often told，“There is no I in TEAM.”_49_Another possibility is that when the

310、re is a lot of talent on a team，some players may make less effort. Just as in a game of tug-of-war(拔河比赛)，whenever a person is added，everyone else pulls the rope with less force._50_.An A-team may require a balancenot just A players，but a few generous B players as well.A. Its not a simple matter to d

311、etermine the nature of talent.B. Sports team owners spend millions of dollars attracting top talentC. The group interaction and its effect drew the researchers attention.D. Stars apparently do not follow this basic principle of sportsmanship.E. Several recent studies examined the role of talent in t

312、he sports world.F. Building up a dream team is more complex than simply hiring the best talent.G. This task interdependence distinguishes baseball from football and basketball.【答案】46. B 47. E 48. G 49. D 50. F【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章主要讲了建立一支最佳阵容球队比简单地雇佣最优秀的人才要复杂得多。一支一流球队可能需要一种平衡不仅仅是最好球员，也需要一些有雅量的普通球员。【46题

313、详解】上文说“大多数人相信建立一个伟大团队的最好方法就是聚集一群最有天赋的个人”。下文说“公司花费数百万雇佣顶级商业人士。”该空承上启下，也是在举例，B选项“运动队老板花费数百万美元吸引顶尖人才。”切题，故选B。【47题详解】下文说“他们专注于足球、篮球和篮球。结果有好有坏。”这些都属于体育方面，该空引出下文，E选项“最近的几项研究调查了体育世界中人才的作用。”切题，故选E。【48题详解】上文说“为了解释这一现象，研究人员探索了一场好的表现要求队员们协调他们行动的程度”，下文说明了研究结果，该空承上启下，G选项“这项任务的相互依赖性使棒球区别于足球和篮球。”切题，故选G。【49题详解】上文说了“一个球星为了个人得分，而影响团队的表现”，该空承接上文，D选项“球星显然没有遵守运动员精神的基本原则”切题，故选D。【50题详解】下文说“一支一流球队可能需要一种平衡不仅仅是最好球员，也需要一些有雅量的普通球员。”该空引出下文，F选项“建立一支最佳阵容球队比简单地雇佣最优秀的人才要复杂得多。”切题，故选F。