专题14 状语从句-2023年高考英语冲刺复习考点通关大全.docx

1、专题14 状语从句2023年高考英语冲刺复习考点通关大全【考点详解】【命题解读】 状语从句是高考的常考点。虽然高考全国卷不是每年必考，但是在地方卷中也是频繁出现。无论在全国卷还是地方卷，长难句的构成嗯一定离不了状语在阅读中一定少不了状语从句的存在。【命题预测】预计2023年高考对状语从句的考查仍然以上下文逻辑意思考查为主。在语法填空中，以不给提示词形式命题。在阅读理解中会以细节理解题的形式出现。在完形填空中以长难句理解来体现，七选五中侧重上下文的逻辑联系。【复习建议】1.掌握状语从句的概念2.掌握状语从句的引导词的用法和含义3.在习题训练中培养和提高分析句子结构的能力以及逻辑理解能力。考点一

2、（从属连词和状语从句) 状语从句 连词时间状语从句when, while, as, before, until, since, as soon as, the moment原因状语从句because, as, since让步状语从句although, as, while, even though/if, no matter+疑问词等目的状语从句in order that, so that, in case结果状语从句sothat, suchthat, so that地点状语从句where, wherever条件状语从句if, unless, so/as long as方式状语从句as, as

3、if/through比较状语从句as, than一、时间状语从句1when, while, as 引导的时间状语从句(1)when 表示“当时；在期间”。When I was a little boy, I used to climb mountains on Sundays.当我小时候时，星期天常常去爬山。(2)while 表示“在期间”，从句中常用延续性动词。Please dont talk so loud while others are studying.在别人学习的时候，请别这么大声音说话。(3)as表示“一边一边，随着”。John sings as he works.John一边工

4、作，一边唱歌。名师点睛when还可表原因，意为“既然”。How can I help them to understand when they wont listen to me？既然他们不听我说，我怎么帮他们理解？【高考真题】(全国高考卷)_he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary artist, they smiled and pointed down the river.【答案】When/As【解析】考查状语从句。句意：当他问江岸上的村民们他要到哪儿才能找到这位传奇

5、的画家时，村民们笑了并指了指江水的下游。结合句意可知，此处引导时间状语从句，表示“当时”，故应用When或As引导。2till, until和not . until引导的时间状语从句(1)在肯定句中，主句谓语动词必须是延续性动词。We walked along the river until/till it was dark.我们沿着河散步，一直到天黑。【典例剖析】(全国高考新课标I卷)I waited patiently unless the oil was hot.【答案】unless改为until/till【解析】考查状语从句。句意：我耐心地等待，直到油热起来。根据句意可知，此处应表示“

6、直到油热起来”而非“除非油热起来”，故将unless改为until/till。(2)“瞬间动词/延续性动词(否定式)until/till”表示“直到才发生”。He didnt know anything about it until/till I told him.直到我告诉他，他才知道这件事。【典例剖析】(全国高考乙卷)It was not widely accepted as a travel concept _ the late 1980s.【答案】until【解析】考查介词。句意：直到20世纪80年代末，它才被广泛接受为一种旅游理念。结合句意并分析句子结构可知，此句含有notuntil

7、结构，意为“直到才”。故填until。名师点睛until即可以作为连词，也可以作介词用，此处用作介词，同连词意思。(3)强调句型：It is/was not until . that . It was not until the professor came that we began the experiment.直到教授来了，我们才开始做实验。名师点睛（1）till不可以置于句首，而until可以。Until you told me I had no idea of it.直到你告诉我，我才知道这件事。（2）not until置于句首，主句要用倒装结构。Not until the film

8、 began did she arrive.直到电影开始她才到。3.as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the minute, the instant, no sooner . than ., hardly/scarcely . when . 和once(一就)表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作随即就发生，常译为“一就”。从句中常用一般时态代替将来时。The moment she arrives，we can start.她一到，我们就可以开始了。The boy burst into tears immediatel

9、y he saw his mother.那男孩一见到他妈妈便哭了。名师点睛(1)no sooner . than .，hardly/scarcely . when . 句型的时态运用：主句的谓语动词应用过去完成时，而than与when引导的从句谓语动词应用一般过去时。此外，当把no sooner和hardly/scarcely提到句首时，应用倒装语序。）We had no sooner arrived at the station than the train left.No sooner had we arrived at the station than the train left. 我

10、们一到火车站就出发了。(2)“onv.ing”和“ononesn.”结构。当v.ing和n.在意义上相对应时，这两个结构可以互换。On arriving / his arrival at the station, the thief was arrested.刚到火车站，这个小偷就被逮捕了。4before与since引导的时间状语从句(1)before与since的常用句式。beforee 在之前；还未就；才；还没来得及就It will be一段时间before . 过时间才It will not be/was not longbefore . 不久就会/没多久就It was时间段before

11、 . 过了(时间)才sincee 自从以来，It is/has been一段时间since . (从句用一般过去时)It was一段时间since . (从句用过去完成时)Before they reached the station, the train had gone.他们还没到达火车站前，火车已经开走了。Someone called me up in the midnight, but he hung up before I could answer the phone.(还没来得及就)有人半夜给我打电话，但我还没来得及接就挂断了。It will be two years before

12、 he leaves the country.再过两年他才会离开这个国家。(2)since引导的从句如果用非延续性动词，所表示的动作自从句谓语动词所表示的动作开始时算起；若用延续性动词，所表示的动作自从句谓语的动作或状态的完成或结束时算起。Its two years since we arrived here.我们到这儿两年了。Its three years since we lived here.我们不住在这里有三年了。5“Itbe时间从句”句型“Itbe时间从句”句型是高考考查的热点，其中连接词的选择是个难点。突破这个难点的关键是要把握好句意，根据句意的需要选择合适的连接词：(1)表示“再

13、过多长时间某事才会发生”，用“It will be时间段before从句”。It will be three weeks before we he comes back.再过三周他就会回来了。(2)表示“自以来有多长时间了”，用“It be时间段since从句”，如果主句用一般现在时，从句用一般过去时 It is three years since he joined the army.自从他参军以来已经三年了。(3)“It be时间状语that其他”构成强调句型，意思是“正是在某一时间发生了某事”。It was at three oclock that we got home.正是在三点我们

14、到了家。(4)“It be时间点when从句”表示“某事发生在什么时间”，it指代时间。It was three oclock when we got home.当我们到家的时候三点了。6every time, each time, next time, the last time等名词短语用来引导时间状语从句，表示“每当，每次，下次，上次”等Every/Each time I was in trouble, he would come to help me out.每当我处于困境，他就会来帮助我。Next time you come, do remember to bring your so

15、n here.下次你来的时候，一定记着把你儿子带来。二、条件状语从句1if和unless引导的条件状语从句。if表示正面的条件，意为“如果”；unless(if . not)表示反面的条件，意为“除非，如果不”。If you had come a few minutes earlier, you would have caught the bus.要是你早来几分钟就能赶上这班车了。Youll fail the exam unless you study hard(if you dont study hard)除非你努力学习，否则你考试会不及格。【典例剖析】(2022全国高考天津卷)We all

16、 need to get involved in saving energy _ its at work, at home, or at school.A. unless B. once C. whether D. because【答案】C【解析】考查状语从句。句意：无论在工作中，在家里，还是在学校，我们都需要参与节约能源的活动。根据句意及设空处后的or可知，选C项，whetheror是固定搭配，意为“无论还是”，引导让步状语从句。unless意为“除非”；once意为“一旦”；because意为“因为”。2in case, on condition that, providing(that)

17、, provided (that)，supposing (that), suppose (that)等词汇意思相近，意为“万一，假使，假如，在条件下”。In case there is a fire, what will we do first?万一发生火灾，我们首先要做什么？Suppose/Supposing(that) they refuse us, who else can we turn to for help?假如他们拒绝了我们，我们还能求助于谁？They agreed to lend us the car on condition that we returned it befor

18、e the weekend.他们同意把车借给我们，条件是我们在周末前归还。3as long as(so long as)引导语气强烈的条件状语从句，意为“只要”。As long as you dont lose heart, you will succeed.你只要不灰心，就会成功。4在“祈使句and/or/or else/otherwise陈述句”句型中，祈使句在意义上相当于条件状语从句。Run faster and youll catch the bus.跑快点，你就会赶上公共汽车的。Work hard, or youll fail.努力干，要不你就会失败的。5if only “如果就好了

19、”和only if “只有”也可以引导条件状语从句。但是当only if置于句首时，主句部分倒装。If only I were as clever as you.我要是像你一样聪明就好了。Only if you work hard can you succeed.你只有努力才能获得成功。三、让步状语从句1although/though，even though/even if引导的让步状语从句although与though两者意思相同，一般可互换，都可以与yet, still或nevertheless连用，但不能和but连用。He is unhappy, though/although he h

20、as a lot of money.虽然他很有钱，但他并不幸福。Even though/if it rains tomorrow, well go there.(陈述语气)即使明天下雨，我们也要去那里。注意though还可用作副词，意为“可是，然而”，置于句末。He said he would come； he didnt， though.他说他会来，可是没有来。2as或though引导让步状语从句时倒装的情况as或though从句一般放在主句之前，常用倒装语序。从句中的表语、状语或动词原形置于句首。若表语是单数名词，前置时要省略冠词。结构：名词/形容词/动词/副词+as+主语+谓语Child

21、 as/though he is, he knows a lot.尽管他是孩子，但他却懂的很多。Much as/though I like it, I wont buy it, for its too expensive.虽然我很喜欢它，但不会买，因为它太贵了。注意though引导的从句可以像as引导的从句一样用倒装语序，但是although引导的从句只能用正常语序。注意比较下面的说法：（）Clever though/as she is， she doesnt study hard.（）Though she is clever， she doesnt study hard.（）Although

22、 she is clever， she doesnt study hard.（）Clever although she is， she doesnt study hard.（）As she is clever， she doesnt study hard.3whether . or . (不管还是)；疑问词ever与no matter疑问词(不管；无论)Whether she comes here or we go there, the topic of the discussion will remain unchanged.不管是她来这儿还是我们去那儿，讨论的话题都不会变。Whatever

23、(No matter what) you say, he wont believe you.无论你说什么，他都不会相信你。Whoever you are (No matter who you are), you must obey the rules.无论你是谁，都要遵守规则。注意whoever， whatever， whomever， whichever还可以引导名词性从句。You can take whatever you like.(宾语从句)你喜欢什么就可以拿什么。4while也可作从属连词引导让步状语从句，相当于althoughWhile volleyball is her main

24、 focus, shes also great at basketball.尽管排球是她的主要项目，她也很擅长篮球。 【典例剖析】(2022高考卷）Hot _ the night air was, we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey.【答案】as【解析】考查状语从句。句意：虽然晚上的空气很闷热，但是我们仍然睡得很沉，因为长途旅行后太累了。hot作从句的表语，as引导的让步状语从句中，要将从句中的表语、状语或动词原形提到as之前，故填as。四、地点状语从句1地点状语从句是指在复合句中作地点状语的从句，表示

25、空间关系，可置于句首、句中或句末，通常由从属连词where, wherever等引导。We should go where the Party needs us most.我们应到党最需要我们的地方去。You are free to go wherever you like.你愿意去哪里就去哪里。Where there is a will, there is a way.有志者，事竟成。Wherever there is smoke, there is a fire.无火不生烟。(无风不起浪)2注意区分where引导的定语从句与状语从句。Youd better make a mark wher

26、e you have any question.(状语从句)Youd better make a mark at the place where you have any question.(定语从句)你最好在有问题的地方做一下标记。注意如何判断一个从句是不是地点状语从句呢？地点状语从句用于说明谓语动作发生的地点，通常跟在谓语动词（短语）后面，where前没有表示地点的先行词，知道这一点，就很容易判断出句子是不是地点状语从句。五、原因状语从句1引导原因状语从句的连词主要有：because, as, since等。并列连词for也可表示原因。每个连词的含义不尽相同。because(因为)，回答w

27、hy。主句前或后，直接因果关系as(由于) 主句前或后 双方都知道的原因 。语气弱since/now that(既然) 通常位于主句前for(因为)位于句后用于补充说明的原因He was criticized by the teacher, because he was late for class.因为他迟到了，老师批评了他。I cant go with you, as I have a lot of work to do.我不能和你一起去，因为我有很多工作要做。Now that/Since everyone is here, we can begin our discussion.既然大家

28、都在这儿，我们可以开始讨论了。2when(既然)，seeing that (鉴于，由于)，considering that (考虑到)，in that(因为)等也可以引导原因状语从句。It was foolish of you to take a taxi when you could walk there in five minutes.既然步行5分钟就能到那里，你却去乘出租汽车，真够愚蠢的。Seeing that there were less than half the members present, the meeting had to be postponed.鉴于到会的成员还没一

29、半，会议只好延期举行。3. 除了状语从句外，一些介词短语也可以表示原因，这些短语有：because of, thanks to, due to, owing to, on account of等。六、目的状语从句引导目的状语从句的连词有：so that, in order that, for fear that, in case (以防)，lest等。1so that与in order that这两个连词都表示“为了，以便”，引导的目的状语从句常与情态动词can, could，may, might等连用。in order that引导的从句可以置于主句之前或之后，而so that引导的从句只能

30、置于主句之后。I am studying hard so that/in order that I can enter a famous university.为了能上一所名牌大学，我一直努力学习。In order that we might see the sunrise, we started for the peak early.为了能够看到日出，我们很早就出发去山顶了。(此时不可使用so that)2for fear that表示“生怕，以免”，in case表示“以防”。Batteries must be kept in dry places for fear that electr

31、icity should leak away.电池应该放在干燥的地方，以免漏电。Take your raincoat in case it should rain. 带上雨伞，以防下雨。七、结果状语从句常用来引导结果状语从句的引导词或短语有so that, so . that . , such . that . 。1结构形式There was so little food at home that we had to go out to buy some.家里快没食物了，我们只好出去买一些。Mike is such an honest worker that we all believe hi

32、m.Mike is so honest a worker that we all believe him.迈克是一个如此诚实的工人，以至于我们都相信他。He has made such rapid progress that he was praised by his teacher three times a day.他取得了如此快的进步，以致老师一天表扬了他三次。注意区别so . that和such . that的用法：名前such，形、副so，that从句跟在后；多多少少必用so，特别注意是little；“小”用such，“少”用so。2当so或such置于句首时，主句要用倒装语序。So

33、 clever a student was he that he was able to work out all the difficult problems.他是一个如此聪明的学生，以至于他能解决所有的难题。Such was the force of the explosion that all the windows were broken.爆炸的威力如此巨大，以致所有的窗户都被震破了。3so/such . that . 引导的结果状语从句与so/such . as . 引导的定语从句的区别。(1)so/such . that . 引导结果状语从句时，that在从句中不作任何成分，只起连

34、接作用。It is such a moving film that we all want to see it.这是一部如此感人的电影，以至于我们都想去看。(2)so/such . as . 中，as引导定语从句，as在从句中作主语或宾语。It is such a moving film as we all want to see.这是一部感人的、我们都想看的电影。八、方式状语从句1方式状语从句常由as, just as, as if/though等引导，多置于主句之后。You ought to write as he does.你应该像他那样写。He did as (he had been)

35、 told.他遵嘱而行。2as if或as though引导的方式状语从句一般用虚拟语气，但如果从句所陈述的情况很可能实现，也可用陈述语气。The old lady treats the boy as if he were her own son。这位老妇人对待那个男孩就像是对待自己的孩子。He walked as though/if he was drunk.他走起路来就像喝醉了一样。九、比较状语从句1as . as .; not so/as . as .; the same . as . 表示相同程度的比较，肯定句用as . as .，否定句可用not as . as或not so . a

36、s。He doesnt run so/as fast as Jack (does)他跑得不如杰克快。2than表示不同程度的比较，主句中用形容词或副词的比较级。He runs less fast than me.他跑得没我快。It was more expensive than I thought.它比我想象的要贵。3the比较级，the比较级，表示“越就越”The more you eat, the fatter you will be.吃得越多，你将越胖。【牛刀小试】 单句语法填空1._ there are many positive developments associated wit

37、h the Internet, there are also certain fears and concerns.2.Talking about fires can be scary _ no one likes to think about people getting hurt or their things getting burned.3.The Great Wall winds its way from west to east, across deserts, over mountains, through valleys _ at last it reaches the sea

38、.4.The teacher spoke slowly and in simple English in order _ the students might understand her.5.We know that _ tasks your group is given, a few rules need to be followed to ensure a productive and successful experience.6.Ill speak slowly so _ you can understand me.7.Researchers have found, in their

39、 experiment, that a babys cries can cause unique emotional responses in the brain, making it impossible for us to ignore them _ we are parents or not.8.In fact, the discontent is not useless since you may learn more from it _ from the things that cheer you up.9._ the wedding ceremony began, the coup

40、le nervously repeated their vows “we promise to love each other for better, for worse, for richer, for poorer, in sickness and in health”10._ we are satisfied with only a few rules we have memorized, we are not really learning the language.11.I am not afraid of tomorrow, _ I have seen yesterday and

41、I love today.12._ we dont stop climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be gone.【答案】：1.While/Though/Although2.because3.till/until4.that5.whatever6.that7.whether8.than9.As/When10.If 11.for 12.If单项选择1Fortunately, somebody who happened to be passing by called the fire department _ the

42、fire broke out.AhurriedlyBquicklyCinstantlyDshortly2_, the dancers practice hard to make their dreams come true.ABeing disabled as theyBAlthough disabled they areCDisabled though they areDAs they are disabled3Lets not pick these peaches until this weekend _they get sweet enough to be eaten.Aever sin

43、ceBas ifCeven thoughDso that4Harding working though he was, _ there was never enough money to pay the bill.AandB/CbutDtherefore5_ you start eating in a healthier way, weight control will become much easier.AUnlessBUntilCBeforeDOnce6After experiments on COVID-19, medical experts conclude that the inf

44、ected person still has the possibility of survival, _he or she tests positive twice.Aas thoughBeven ifCin caseDso that7I set the alarm clock before going to bed I should miss the first train to Beijing.Aso thatBin caseCas ifDeven if8New staff, _ they are skilled, will attain more opportunities for f

45、urther development.AthoughBsinceConceDunless9The beautiful scene, _small, was an important moment on my journey to discovering the power of achieving health and happiness.AwhenBunlessCifDalthough10Lin Dan is still recognized as one of the best badminton players around the world _ he has retired.Aas

46、ifBsinceCeven thoughDnow that11The meaning of the word “nice” changed a few times _ it finally came to include the sense “pleasant”.AsinceBwhenCunlessDbefore12Some educators believe that it is so good a habit to instruct children to lay things _ they belong when they are young.Ato whichBthatCin whic

47、hDwhere13Take the note as a reminder _ you forget to buy some sweets for the kids while shopping there.AwhileBsinceCin caseDeven if14So sudden _ that Timothy fainted _ he knew it.Awas the news; for the momentBthe news was; for the momentCwas the news; the momentDthe news was; the moment15As is known

48、 to all, one of the true tests of leadership is the ability to recognize an issue _ it becomes an emergency.AwhenBbeforeCafterDunless16 How long have you been collecting shells? _.AAfter I left schoolBBefore I moved hereCWhen I went to the beachDSince I was ten years old17Our mother sat us down to r

49、ead and paint, _ all we really wanted to do was to make a mess.AwhenBhoweverCsinceDand18When did you arrive _ we camped last Friday?It was not until midnight _ it was raining hard.Awhere; whenBwhich; thatCwhere; thatDwhich; when19Someone called me up in the middle of the night, but he hung up _I cou

50、ld answer the phone.AunlessBuntilCbeforeDsince20_ it may be possible to measure the value of material goods in terms of money, it is extremely difficult to estimate the true value of the services which perform for us.ABecauseBThoughCAsDWhen21Tell your doctor with a detailed medical history _ he can

51、give you the accurate treatment.Aeven ifBso thatCin caseDas though22I have known Dr. John for a long time, maybe since Bet _in that university.AworkedBworksChas workedDhad worked23_, we must believe in ourselves and efforts must pay off one day.AHowever life is difficultBHowever is life difficultCHo

52、wever difficult life isDHowever difficult is life24_ you go abroad, it is likely that you will have trouble_the new life.AThe first time; adjusting toBFor the first time; adjusting toCThe first time; to adjust toDFor the first time; to adjust to25Look around before you _ the street.AcrossBcrossingCb

53、e crossingDto be crossing26Changing your habits can be hard and developing new habits takes time, but _ you stay motivated, you will meet your goal.Ain caseBso long asCas far asDeven if27They are hoping for a return to normality _ the war is over.Anow thatBas ifCunlessDin case28_there is a will, the

54、re is a way.AHowBWhenCWhatDWhere29_ she came back, she threw her arms around me, _ sad and helpless.AThe instant when; lookedBThe instant when; lookingCThe instant; lookedDThe instant; looking30_ I agree with you, I dont think your solution is the best.AIfBSinceCWhileDAs【参考答案】1C【详解】考查连词和副词。句意：幸运的是，火

55、灾一发生，一位碰巧路过的人就打电话报告了消防局。A. hurriedly匆忙；B. quickly快速；C. instantly一就（连词）；D. shortly马上。分析句子结构可知，该处应填连词，而instantly可作连词，意为：一就；故选C。2C【详解】考查倒装句。句意：尽管他们是残疾的，但舞者们努力练习以实现他们的梦想。分析句子结构可知，此处考查的是as/though引导让步状语从句时的倒装结构，其常见结构为“名词(无冠词）/形容词/副词+as/though+主语+谓语”。故选C项。3D【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：让我们这个周末再摘这些桃子以便它们吃起来变得足够的甜。A. eve

56、r since自那时起；B. as if好像；C. even though尽管；D. so that以便。分析句子结构可知，此处应该选择连词引导状语从句，结合句意可知，从句为目的状语从句，所以用so that引导。故选D项。4B【详解】考查状语从句。句意：尽管他很努力工作，却从来没有足够的钱来付账单。此处为though引导的让步状语从句，there was never enough money to pay the bill.为主句，前面不用连词。故选B。5D【详解】考查状语从句。句意：一旦你开始以更健康的方式进食，体重控制就会变得容易得多。A. Unless除非；B. Until直到；C.

57、Before在之前；D. Once一旦。结合句意可知，once引导时间状语从句。故选D项。6B【详解】考查状语从句。句意：在对COVID-19进行实验后，医学专家得出结论，受感染者仍然有生存的可能性，即使他或她的检测结果两次呈阳性。A. as though好像；B. even if即使；C. in case以防，万一；D. so that以便于。由“still has the possibility of survival”和“he or she tests positive twice”可知，句子表示“受感染者仍然有生存的可能性，即使他或她的检测结果两次呈阳性”，空格处意为“即使”，用eve

58、n if引导让步状语从句，故选B。7B【详解】考查目的状语从句。句意：我在睡觉前把闹钟定好了，以防错过第一班去北京的火车。A. so that以便、所以，引导目的状语从句；B. in case以防、万一，引导目的状语从句；C. as if好像、似乎，引导方式状语从句； D. even if即使、虽然，引导让步状语从句。分析句子可知，设空处在句中引导一个从句，结合句意可知，此处表示“提前设置闹钟，以防错过第一班火车”，前面是结果，后面是目的，此处“错过火车”偏负面，应用in case引导。故选B项。8C【详解】考查连接词词义辨析。句意：新的雇员，一旦他们有了娴熟的技能，就会得到更多有助于他们个人

59、发展的机会。A. though虽然；B. since自从；C. once一旦；D. unless除非。分析句子可知，此处应表示一旦他们有了娴熟的技能，应用once引导时间状语从句。故选C。9D【详解】考查连词词义辨析和省略。句意：这个美丽的场景虽然很小，但却是我发现获得健康和幸福的力量之旅中的一个重要时刻。A. when当；B. unless除非；C. if 如果；D. although尽管。结合句意可知，上下文为转折关系，用although引导让步状语从句符合语境；让步状语从句中省略了和主句相同的主语the beautiful scene和was，完整的从句为although it (the

60、 beautiful scene) was small。故选D。10C【详解】考查状语从句。句意：尽管林丹已经退役，但他仍然被认为是世界上最好的羽毛球运动员之一。A. as if好像；B. since自从；C. even though即使；D. now that既然。由“Lin Dan is still recognized as one of the best badminton players around the world”和“he has retired”可知，句子表示“尽管林丹已经退役，但他仍然被认为是世界上最好的羽毛球运动员之一”，空格处意为“即使，尽管”，引导让步状语从句，故选

61、C。11D【详解】考查连词。句意：“nice”这个词的意思经过了几次变化，才最终包含了“愉快的”的意思。A. since自从；B. when当时；C. unless除非；D. before在之前。根据句意可知，在“nice”有“愉快的”含义之前，经历了几次变化。且before还可根据语境意译为“才；就”，本句意译为“才”。故选D。12D【详解】考查状语从句。句意：一些教育家认为，教导孩子在小时候把东西放在该放的地方是一种很好的习惯。引导地点状语从句，表示“的地方”应用从属连词where。故选D。13C【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：把这张纸条作为提醒，以防你在那里购物时忘记给孩子们买糖果。A.

62、 while然而；B. since因为；C. in case以防；D. even if即使。根据“Take the note as a reminder”可知，用纸条作提醒，以防购物时忘记给孩子们买糖果，用in case引导目的状语从句。故选C。14C【详解】考查部分倒装和时间状语从句。句意：消息来得如此突然，Timothy一知道就昏过去了。“so+形容词/副词”位于句首会引起句子部分倒装，即助动词提前到主语的前面，因此第一空是was the news，由“Timothy fainted”和“he knew it”可知，句子表示“消息来得如此突然，Timothy一知道就昏过去了”，“一就”是t

63、he moment，引导时间状语从句，故选C。15B【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：众所周知，对领导力的真正考验之一是在问题变成紧急情况之前就发现问题的能力。A. when当的时候；B. before在之前；C. after在之后；D. unless除非。由“recognize an issue”和“it becomes an emergency”可知，句子表示“对领导力的真正考验之一是在问题变成紧急情况之前就发现问题的能力”，空格处意为“在之前”，用before引导时间状语从句，故选B。16D【详解】考查时间状语从句。句意：你收集贝壳有多久了？从我十岁开始。由句意可知，how long在此处

64、表示“多长时间”，对一段时间进行提问。回答how long的提问用“for+一段时间”或“since+时间点或者引导时间状语从句”。故选D。17A【详解】考查连词和副词辨析。句意：我们的父母让我们坐下来读书、画画，而我们真正想做的是打打闹闹。A. when虽然，然而；B. however然而；C. since既然；D. and并且。分析句子可知，前后文是句子，需填连词，however是副词，排除B项。两句表让步，应用when引导让步状语从句，这里的when，用于引出使句子的其他部分显得让人吃惊或不大可能的事实或评论，意思是“虽然，然而”。故选A项。18C【详解】考查地点状语从句和强调句。句意：

65、你什么时候到上周五我们露营那里？直到午夜，雨下得很大。分析句子可知，第一空为地点状语从句，主句和从句都缺地点状语，所以应用where；第二空考查强调句，即“it is+强调内容+that/who+句子剩余部分”，强调内容指物时只能用that引导，此处强调内容是until midnight，所以应用that。故选C项。19C【详解】考查从属连词。句意：有人半夜给我打电话，但我还没来得及接电话，他就挂断了。A. unless除非；B. until直到；C. before在之前；D. since自从。由语意可知，给我打电话那个人没有等到我接电话就挂断了，所以他是在我接电话前挂断的电话，因此此处应用b

66、efore引导的时间状语从句。故选C项。20B【详解】考查让步状语从句和连词。句意：虽然物质产品的价值可以用金钱来衡量，但是要估计为我们提供的服务的真正价值却是极其困难的。A. Because因为；B. Though虽然；C. As像一样，虽然；D. When在时候。根据句意可知，前后句意有转折关系，“it may be possible to measure the value of material goods in terms of money”是让步状语从句，用从属连词though引导该从句，意为“虽然”；另外as虽也能引导让步状语从句，但从句必须使用倒装。故选B项。21B【详解】考查

67、从属连词。句意：告诉你的医生详细的病史，这样他才能给你准确的治疗。A. even if即使，虽然；B. so that以便，为了：C. in case万一，假使；D. as though好像。根据句意和句子结构，设空处应填连接词so that，引导目的状语从句，把既往病史告诉医生的目的是医生可以做成准确的治疗。故选B项。22A【详解】考查时态。句意：我认识约翰博士很长时间了，也许自从贝特在那所大学工作以来。Since意为“自以来；从到今”，是连词，引导时间状语从句，从句用过去时，主句通常为现在完成时。题中主句是现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。故选A项。23C【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：无论生

68、活多么困难，我们必须相信自己，努力总有一天会有回报的。分析句子可知，该句为However引导的让步状语从句，意思是“不管怎样、无论如何”，结构为however+形容词+主语+系动词。故选C项。24A【详解】考查时间状语和非谓语动词。句意：你第一次出国，适应国外生活可能会有困难。the first time“第一次”是连词，for the first time“第一次”是时间状语，adjust to“适应”，固定短语。第一空，the first time 用作连词，引导时间状语从句；第二空，have trouble (in) doing sth 做有困难，是一个固定搭配，其后应用adjust的动

69、名词形式作宾语。故选A。25A【详解】考查时态。句意：你过马路前先四处看看。before引导的时间状语从句满足“主将从现”，主句用祈使句表示将来含义，从句用一般现在时。从句缺少谓语动词，主语是you，动词用原形即可。故选A。26B【详解】考查固定短语。句意：改变你的习惯是困难的，养成新的习惯需要时间，但只要你保持动力，你就会达到你的目标。A. in case以防、万一；B. so long as只要；C. as far as远达、就而言；D. even if即使、虽然。分析句意可知，此处用固定短语so long as表示“只要”来引导条件状语从句。故选B项。27A【详解】考查原因状语从句。句意

70、：既然战争结束了，他们希望一切都恢复常态。A. now that既然；B. as if似乎；C. unless除非；D. in case以防。结合语意，战争结束是他们希望一切都恢复常态的原因，所以此处应用now that引导原因状语从句。故选A项。28D【详解】考查状语从句。句意：有志者，事竟成。此处there is a way为主句，where引导地点状语从句。故选D。29D【详解】考查状语从句的连接词和非谓语动词。句意：她一回来就搂住了我，一副悲伤无助的样子。分析句子结构和选项，the instant本身就是状语从句的连接词，意为“一就”，所以后面无需再接连接词，本句已有谓语动词threw

71、，所以look应用非谓语形式，它和逻辑主语she之间是主动关系，应该用现在分词形式，应用looking。故选D项。30C【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：虽然我同意你的意见，但我不认为你的解决方案是最好的。A. If如果；B. Since自从；C. While虽然；D. As当的时候。由“I agree with you, I dont think your solution is the best”可知，句子表示“虽然我同意你的意见，但我不认为你的解决方案是最好的”，空格处意为“虽然”，用while，引导让步状语从句，故选C。【真题实战】单句改错1(2022全国卷)I waited patie

72、ntly unless the oil was hot._2(2022全国卷)At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return every two years, but he agreed._3(2021全国卷)The games my parents taught me where I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life._4.(2021全国卷)I had grown not only physically, and also mentally in the past few years._5(2020全国卷)Though not very big, but the restaurant is popular in our area._【答案】：1.unlessuntil/till 2.butand 3.wherewhen 4.andbut 5.去掉but