专题14 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别（原卷版）.docx

1、专题14 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别现在完成时与一般过去时是中学英语中用法极为灵活的两种时态，它们属于不同时间的两种时态，现在完成时属于现在时态的范畴，而一般过去时属于过去时态的范畴。使用时应注意它们的区别：一、构成形式不同：现在完成时的动词形式为：“have (has)+动词的过去分词”；而一般过去时的动词形式为：“动词的过去式”。如：（1）Jacks mother took him to school every day when he was in primary school.杰克在小学时他妈妈每天送他上学。（2）Maria has never read any Chinese st

2、ories. 玛利亚从未读过中国故事。二、基本用法不同：正如前面所说，现在完成时是与现在有关的时态，属现在时态的范畴，它侧重于过去的动作对现在造成的影响；而一般过去时是一种过去时态，侧重于表示过去的动作，与现在无关。 如:（1）Yesterday I went to the zoo.昨天我去了动物园。（仅说明昨天去了动物园，与现在无关）（2）Li Lei has read the book. 李磊已看过那本书。（说明李磊了解那本书的内容）另外，现在完成时还可以表示动作从过去某个时候开始一直延续到现在，强调动作的延续性它常与for及since引导的一段时间状语连用。如：He has lived

3、here for ten years. 他已在这儿住了10年了。来源:学#科#网Z#X#X#K比较：1.) The Greens have worked in China since 1998.格林一家自1998年到现在一直在中国工作。The Greens worked in China in 1998.格林一家1998年在中国工作。2.) He has lived in the country for a long time. 他在农村生活了很长时间。（现在还在农村）He lived in the country for a long time before he came to town.

4、他进城前在农村生活了很长时间。3.) She has bought a bicycle.她买了一辆自行车。（现在她有一辆自行车了。）She bought a bicycle last year.去年她买了一辆自行车。4.) He has won a prize for his invention.他因为他的发明而获奖了。He also won a prize last year.他去年也获奖了。在与for及since引导的一段时间状语连用时，句子的谓语动词必须是延续性动词，终止性动词不可和一段时间连用。如：他当兵已三年了。误：He has become a soldier for three

5、years.误：He joined the army for three years.正：He has been a soldier for three years.正：He has been in the army for three years.三、连用的时间状语不同与现在完成时连用的时间状语除了上面所说明的由since和for引导的一段时间外还有：already, yet, still ,just, so far, in the last(past), before, ever, never等。而一般过去时则常与ago, yesterday, last, in 2000, just no

6、w等连用。现在完成时态不可与yesterday, last week, two days ago等之类的表示具体的过去时间的状语连用。如：（1）Have you ever picked flowers or stepped on the grass in the park? 你曾在公园里摘过花或曾踩过草地吗？（2）Father bought that watch ten years ago.爸爸10年前买了那块手表。（3）I have never seen the film before. 我以前没有看过这部影片。在when引导的特殊疑问句中不可用现在完成时，而只可用一般过去时。如：When

7、did you visit Japan? 你什么时候访问过日本？一、单项选择1Huaian is very beautiful. I _ there last year. Yes, I _ there twice.Awent; have goneBwent; have beenChave gone; wentDhave been; went2He _ exercise in the park every morning when he was young.Yes, but now the life he was used to _ a lot.Aused to; changingBwas us

8、ed to; has changedCwas used to; changingDused to; has changed3Jack _ Rose in 2000. That is to say, they _ for nearly 23 years.Agot married with; have got marriedBgot married to; have marriedCmarried; have been marriedDmarried to; have been married4Its the third time you _ late for school this week.A

9、wereBareChad beenDhave been5Its said that two years _ since the old man _.Im sorry to hear that.A has passed, has deadBhas passed, diedChave passed, died Dhave passed, has died6The meeting _ 2 hours ago. It _ for 2 hours.Astarts; has been on Bstarted; has been Cstarts; has beenDstarted; has been on7

10、 Whats the best park in the city? Of course, the East Lake Park. I _ there last week, and I _ there many times.Awent; have beenBhave gone; have beenChave been; have goneDwent; have gone8Where is your father, Jack? He _ to New York on business. He _ the airport at five in the morning.Ahas gone; has l

11、eft forBhas been; has left toChas gone; left forDhas been; left to9The film A Plastic Ocean is so amazing that I _ it twice.AwatchedBhave watchedCwatchDwill watch10My father isnt with us. He has _ to Shanghai. He _ there last week. He has _ there 3 times.Abeen; go; beenBgone; went; beenCbeen; gone;

12、goneDgone; went; gone11The girl sitting next to me on the plane is very nervous, for she _ before.Aisnt flyingBdidnt flyChasnt flownDwasnt flying12When _ the League?In 2011. It has been really a long time!Ahave you joinedBdid you join inChave you been inDdid you join13Last week I _ a new bicycle. I

13、_ it for eight days.Ahave bought, boughtBbought, have boughtCbought, boughtDbought, have had14When _ you begin to play the piano?In 1990. I _ the piano for about 30 years.Adid; playedBhave; playCdid; playDdid; have played15Wow! You still look young!So do you, Jack. Time _ you.Ahasnt changedBdoesnt c

14、hangeCwont changeDisnt changing二、语法选择阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。We dont know exactly how the late Queen Elizabeth II managed to live a full, vigorous, 96 years. 16 we do know she had one habit: She drank tea every day.The world is full 17 tea drinkers. The study of

15、British tea drinkers suggests (表明) that tea might help drinkers live 18 than non-tea drinkers. Tea is known to contain 19 to reduce inflammation (炎症) . A study found that high tea intake two or more cups a day led to a benefit: a nine to thirteen percent lower risk of death from any cause than non-t

16、ea drinkers. With different methods, people 20 all kinds of tea green, black, oolong, and white from the Camellia sinensis (茶树) in the past 21 . Tea contains various elements, 22 polyphenols (茶多酚). They are known for the benefits for peoples 23 . Black tea is 24 most common kind of tea in Britain. G

17、reen tea is reported to help people 25 weight. People have also studied green tea for possible protective effects against heart disease and cancer. 26 a cup of tea can also provide a “calming moment,” Blumberg said. “Its really very relaxing to put a kettle on the stove and wait for water to boil.”

18、“Taking another few minutes to chat with friends 27 relaxing too”, Zeratsky said. Just 28 tea leaves can spread pleasant smell and cheer people up for the whole day. Some research supports the idea that tea drinking helps people recover (恢复) from stress 29 . If you drink one cup a day already, I thi

19、nk that is good. And please enjoy 30 cup of tea.16AButBSoCOrDAnd17AatBwithCinDof18AlongBthe longerClongerDlongest19Ahelpful somethingBsomething helpfulChelpful anythingDanything helpful20AproduceBproducesCare producingDhave produced21Afive thousand yearsBfive thousands yearsCfive thousands yearDfive

20、 thousands of year22AincludesBincludeCincludingDincluded23AhealthyBhealthChealthilyDunhealthy24AaBanCtheD/25AloseBlostClosingDhave lost26AMakeBMakingCMadeDMakes27AareBamCisDwas28AlittleBfewCa littleDa few29AquickBquickerCmore quicklyDmost quickly30AyouByourCyoursDyourself三、语法填空根据短文内容，用括号内所给词的正确时态或形式

21、填空，使短文完整。Do you know, Peter Dinklage? Perhaps you have 31 (hear) of him from the roles that he has played in popular TV series. But a few people truly know about the man behind the roles. His life shows that even a small man can 32 (success).The famous actor is just 135cm tall. His family look like

22、ordinary people. But its different from 33 (they). The boy was born with Dwarfism (侏儒症). So the boy 34 (make) fun of by other kids. He felt 35 (lone) but he never looked down upon himself. He played his 36 (one) role in a school play when he was in the fifth grade. His show was welcome, so he made t

23、he 37 (decide) to become an actor. Later, Dinklage entered Bennington College. It was the turning point of his life. Since then, he 38 (appear) in lots of famous films and TV series. He is famous now.When he was asked if he 39 (consider) himself the spokesman for little people, Dinklage said, “Everyone is different. Every person of my size has a different life and different ways of 40 (deal) with it. My size doesnt define (定义) me. Its just part of who I am.”