专题14 阅读七选五-2024年高考英语二轮热点题型归纳与变式演练（新高考通用）（原卷版）.docx

1、专题14 阅读理解之七选五2020-2023年高考英语阅读理解七选五考情分析年份卷别体裁主题语境段首题段中题段尾题2023新高考I卷说明文人与自我自我宽恕和增强自信041新高考II卷说明文人与社会如何开始艺术之旅131全国甲卷说明文人与自我变得更有耐心131全国乙卷说明文人与自然室内植物及其好处0322022新高考I卷说明文人与社会体育与健康041新高考II卷说明文人与自我写文章的技巧140全国甲卷说明文人与社会民族文化传统与习俗131全国乙卷说明文人与社会人际关系与社会关系3112021新高考I卷记叙文人与社会跨文化交流沟通140新高考II卷说明文人与自我提高阅读速度的建议122全国甲卷说明

2、文人与自我 生活故事140全国乙卷说明文人与社会社会交往2212020新高考I卷说明文人与自我生活与学习131全国I卷说明文人与自我生活与学习131全国II卷说明文人与社会人际交往140全国III卷说明文人与社会社会习俗221七选五是高考英语试卷阅读理解的第二节，一篇300字左右的左右的说明文或议论文，其中正文词数240左右，选项词数60左右，留出5个空白，要求考生从所给的7个选项中选出最佳选项，使补全后的短文意思通顺、前后连贯。短文篇章结构常归纳为：提出问题解决问题，一般不在首句设空。考试说明对该题型的命题目的表述是“主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握”。该题型

3、主要测试考生的两大能力：一是把握整篇文章布局和结构能力，二是把握微观信息之间关联性的能力。七选五和完形填空有异曲同工之妙，完形填空填的是词，七选五填的是句子，但七选五在难度上要远远高于完形填空。七选五题型要求考生从整体上把握文章的逻辑结构和内容上的联系，理解句子之间、段落之间的关系，把握文章脉络。句子在段中的位置不同，所起的作用也不同。经常采用段首、段中和段尾三种挖空方式，正是利用挖空位置的暗示作用和挖空上下文的提示作用，来考查考生的逻辑思维能力。段首、段中、段尾题在文中所起的作用可归纳为下表：挖空位置逻辑关系具体解读段首题主旨句常以段落小标题或主题句的形式出现。承上启下句此空处的答案可以将前

4、段和后段的内容连贯起来。段中题例证关系空后的句子是为了证明前一句而举的例子。例证的形式多种多样，思维过程基本是归纳(从例子到观点)和推理(从观点到例子)。常见的表示例证关系的标志词语有：for example, for instance, in fact/as a matter of fact, actually, in other words/that is to say等。时间关系表示时间关系的标志词语有：now, then, afterwards, five minutes later, soon, before long, after that, meanwhile, to this

5、day, just now, just then等。转折关系若空格前后两句之间是逻辑或意义上的逆转，则空格处很有可能表示转折。表示转折关系的标志词语有：but, however, yet, while/though/although, or/otherwise, on the contrary, instead, nevertheless (然而), still, in contrast/comparison, by comparison等。强调关系表示强调关系的标志词语有：above all, indeed, surely, certainly, of course, after all,

6、at least, at most等。因果关系表示因果关系的标志词语有：because, thanks to, because of, due to, so, therefore, thus, consequently (结果), as a result / consequence (of), so/such .that ., so that .等。递进关系若空格前后两句之间是逻辑或意义上的层进关系，则空格处很有可能是个表示递进的句子。表示递进关系的标志词语有：too, also, besides, further, furthermore, moreover, likewise, simil

7、arly, whats more, whats worse, in addition, as well, to make matters worse, not . but ., not only . but also, even more, once more等。并列关系表示并列关系的标志词语有：and, first(ly), second(ly); first, then/next; to begin with, some . others .; for one thing, for another thing; then/next, finally/last等。段尾题总结句用于总结本段内容

8、，常含有总结性的词语。承上启下句此空处的答案能够将前段和后段的内容连贯起来。题型归纳题型01 主旨概括题【题型诠释】主旨概括题主要考查考生对文章或段落进行概括的能力，它要求考生在阅读文章时，能够提炼其中心思想，体会作者的写作意图，充分运用概括能力提取文章的主题、观点以及作者的情感态度。这类题常以考查段落标题为主，设题位置一般在段首，有时总结性的语句也会出现在段中或段尾。这类题有时也会考查整篇文章的主旨大意，即文章的主题句，一般会在首段设空。概括起来讲，命题人通常从两个方面设题：概括文章或段落的主题句或结论性语句；段落标题。解答主旨概括题通常采用浏览的方式，即重点搜索本段的主题线索词并快速理清主

9、旨大意，然后浏览选项，准确判定出与主旨大意匹配的选项。【典例1】(2023上浙江高三台州中学校联考期中)It can be hard to stay motivated when you are on a training plan and this can lead to you missing essential sessions. 36 Luckily, we have some tried and tested motivational tricks that will ensure you keep running all year around.Run with a partner

10、. If you can, ask a friend to run with you, as then you have a reason to go out, even when you dont want to. 37 You need someone who will help you out of the door on cold winter mornings. 38 A fast-track way to lose your motivation is to always run the same route over and over again. Mix it up by ch

11、anging where you run. Try a new route and you will focus on things like how you are feeling rather than when you hit the next lamppost or tree.Mix up the training. 39 If you usually go for a long, slow run on a Sunday morning, why not try a little sprint session instead? You can pick a landmark anyw

12、here and run as fast as you can until you get to it, before slowing down again to recover.Listen to music. The race itself will have plenty of motivational factors to keep you going, with the crowds cheering and other runners to concentrate on, but if you are out on your own, your favorite song can

13、really cheer you up if youre feeling that lull (低谷期) come over you. 40 A. Vary your locations.B. Stimulate your motivation.C. You also need to vary your training patterns.D. This is especially the case when it comes to the cold months.E. Make sure you dont pick someone who is likely to cancel on you

14、.F. Some music devices will help you to stay motivated and on target.【答案】36. D 37. E 38. A 39. C 40. G【解析】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些增强跑步动力的方法。36. D 根据上文“It can be hard to stay motivated when you are on a training plan and this can lead to you missing essential sessions. (当你在一个训练计划中很难保持动力，这可能会导致你错过重要的课程。)”可知

15、，空格处应该进一步说明不利的条件。选项D. This is especially the case when it comes to the cold months. (在寒冷的月份尤其如此。)说明的是不利的条件，承接上文；符合语境。故选D。37. E 根据下文“You need someone who will help you out of the door on cold winter mornings. (你需要有人在寒冷的冬天早晨帮你出门。)”可知，前面的句子应该是说要找一个适合的人一起跑步。选项E. Make sure you dont pick someone who is li

16、kely to cancel on you. (确保你没有选择一个可能会取消你约会的人。)说明的是找一个合适的人，符合语境，引出下文。故选E。38. A 根据下文“A fast-track way to lose your motivation is to always run the same route over and over again. Mix it up by changing where you run. (让你失去动力的一个快速途径就是总是一遍又一遍地跑同样的路线。通过改变你跑步的地方来混合。)”可知，前面的句子应该是说要改变跑步的地点。选项A. Vary your loca

17、tions. (改变你的位置。)符合语境，能够作为本段的主题句。故选A。39. C 根据上文“Mix up the training. (混合训练。)”为本段的主题句，可知，空格处应该进一步说明改变训练方式。选项C. You also need to vary your training patterns. (你还需要改变你的训练模式。)符合语境，承接上文。故选C。40. G【解析】根据前文“The race itself will have plenty of motivational factors to keep you going, with the crowds cheering a

18、nd other runners to concentrate on, but if you are out on your own, your favorite song can really cheer you up if youre feeling that lull(低谷期) come over you. (比赛本身会有很多激励因素让你继续前进，人群会欢呼，其他选手也会集中精力，但如果你一个人出去，你最喜欢的歌曲真的可以让你振作起来，如果你感到平静。)”可知，空格处的句子应该是说音乐帮助度过低谷期有关的话题。选项G. Music can help keep you going when

19、 the running gets a little tough. (当跑步变得有点艰难时，音乐可以帮助你继续前进。)承接上文，进一步说明音乐帮助度过低谷期。故选G。题型02 语段过渡题【题型诠释】语段过渡题所涉及的句子是过渡句，具有承上启下的作用，该题型主要考查考生对篇章的理解能力和对上下文之间逻辑关系的分析能力。其设空位置比较灵活，可位于段尾、段首或段中。解这类题通常可采用位置判断法。如果设空位于段首，要瞻前顾后找提示，即阅读上一段结尾部分，通常正确答案与之衔接，并结合本段内容，看所选的答案是否能将两段内容连贯起来。如果设空位于段中，重点阅读该空的前一句和后一句，找出它们之间的逻辑关系或根

20、据意义的连贯性得出答案；如果还没有把握，再分析该段的中心句。如果设空位于段尾，在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联时，可考虑与下一段开头之间的衔接。仔细阅读下一段开头几句，看是否能与所选选项紧密连接起来。【典例2】(2023上江苏南京高三南京外国语学校校考期中)In China under imperial rule, National Day was a celebration of the Emperors birthday or his rise to the throne. On October 1, 1949, Mao Zedong declared the formation of th

21、e Peoples Republic of China. 36 The holiday is held annually in Hong Kong, Macau, and mainland China.The first seven days of October are referred to as the Golden Week. This is a time of travel and leisure that is celebrated differently in various parts of China. People in cities often travel to rur

22、al areas to relax and enjoy the quiet surroundings. People from urban areas also travel to other cities throughout China to take part in celebrations. 37 Each year, a large National Day celebration is held in Beijings Tiananmen Square.Beijings National Day festivals are filled with military performa

23、nces, food vendors, live music, and various other activities. In Beijing and other cities, musical and dance concerts are held to celebrate National Day. Crafts, painting, and a range of other activities can be enjoyed by people of various ages. 38 This fireworks show is approved by the Chinese gove

24、rnment and some of the highest quality rockets and explosives are used to fill the sky with sparkling colors of gold and red.In addition to patriotic celebrations, National Day in China is also a time for people to enjoy being with their families. Family members of all ages will often use this as an

25、 opportunity to travel to a central location to reconnect after months of working. 39 Although National Day is entered around patriotism and Chinas history, National Day is also a time of shopping. 40 So people should put a bit of money to the side and use this as an opportunity to purchase some of

26、the things that have been on their wish lists for a while.A. On the evening, a grand and elaborate fireworks demonstration is performed.B. Beijing is the center of the largest National Day activities.C. Many companies offer very large discounts on products during Golden Week.D. Ever since then, the

27、first day of October has been a day of patriotism and national celebration.E. On National Day, thousands of soldiers and civilians take part in the massive parades.F. This helps eliminate the stress of work and helps make sure that families remain close.G. China celebrates the Chinese National Day o

28、n October 1st every year.【答案】36. D 37. B 38. A 39. F 40. C【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国国庆节的一些活动。36. D 前文“In China under imperial rule, National Day was a celebration of the Emperors birthday or his rise to the throne. On October 1, 1949, Mao Zedong declared the formation of the Peoples Republic of China.(在帝国

29、统治下的中国，国庆节是庆祝皇帝诞辰或登基的日子。1949年10月1日，毛泽东宣布中华人民共和国成立。)”讲述了旧时代的中国确定国庆节的依据，以及1949年10月1日新中国正式成立，由此可知，空处应是说新中国成立后国庆节的确立，D项“从那时起，十月的第一天就是爱国主义和民族庆典的日子。”符合题意，选项中的then指代前文中的On October 1, 1949。故选D。37. B 后文“Each year, a large National Day celebration is held in Beijings Tiananmen Square.(每年，北京天安门广场都会举行大型国庆庆典。)”提

30、到了在国庆节北京在天安门广场举行大型庆典，所以空处应与北京有关，B项“北京是全国最大的国庆节活动中心。”符合题意。故选B。38.【答案】A 【解析】后文“This fireworks show is approved by the Chinese government and some of the highest quality rockets and explosives are used to fill the sky with sparkling colors of gold and red.(这场烟花表演得到了中国政府的批准，一些最高质量的火箭和炸药被用来让天空充满闪闪发光的金色和红

31、色。)”讲述了烟花表演的细节，所以空处应讲述国庆节晚上有烟花表演，A项“当晚会进行一场盛大而精心的烟花表演。”符合题意。故选A。39. F 前文“In addition to patriotic celebrations, National Day in China is also a time for people to enjoy being with their families. Family members of all ages will often use this as an opportunity to travel to a central location to reco

32、nnect after months of working.(除了爱国庆祝活动，国庆节在中国也是人们享受与家人团聚的时刻。所有年龄段的家庭成员都会经常利用这一机会，在工作数月后前往中心地点重新联系。)”讲述了人们会利用国庆假期与家人共享团聚时光，空处位于段末，应总结这样做的好处，F项“这有助于消除工作压力，并有助于确保家庭关系密切。”符合题意。故选F。40. C 前文“Although National Day is entered around patriotism and Chinas history, National Day is also a time of shopping.(虽然

33、国庆节是围绕爱国主义和中国历史而进入的，但国庆节也是购物的时间。)”讲述了国庆节也是购物的时间，后文“So people should put a bit of money to the side and use this as an opportunity to purchase some of the things that have been on their wish lists for a while.(因此，人们应该存一点钱，并以此为机会购买他们愿望清单上已经有一段时间的东西。)”讲述了人们应该省钱在这个时间去购买想要的东西，由此可知，空处应说国庆节期间商家有折扣，C项“许多公司在

34、黄金周期间提供很大的产品折扣。”符合题意。故选C。题型03 细节线索题【题型诠释】细节线索类的试题要求考生更加注重文章中的细节，比如某个关键的单词或数字等。解答这类试题经常用到的方法有：词汇复现法、词汇同现法、代词线索法、逻辑关系线索法等。复现法是保证文章前后衔接而经常使用的一种写作手段，即在文章中不同的位置对同一个概念进行重复描述，从而使得同样的意思在文章中不同的地方重复出现。复现的形式主要包括原词复现、同(近)义词复现、反义词复现等。词汇同现是指属于同一词汇范畴或者某一领域的词汇在文章中同时出现，达到语意衔接的目的。一般来说，上下文中词汇的范畴越小，上下文的衔接关系越紧密。代词线索法：英语

35、文章中代词出现的频率极高，代词一般用来指代前面提及的名词，考生如果能巧妙地利用这样的指代关系或根据代词的单复数就可以准确而快速地解题。逻辑关系线索法：一篇文章往往是一个有机的整体，各部分之间存在着一定的联系。从逻辑意义上来看，句子与句子之间常常有并列、顺承、递进、转折、总分、解释、因果、过渡、例证等关系，有时甚至包含不止一种这样的关系。因此，理解阅读材料时一定要把握文章脉络，弄清其中的逻辑关系。考生可利用文章的复现特点，在解题时注意选项中出现的与正文意思相同、相近或相反的词。还可以利用词汇同现、句子中的一些代词，找到同现的词。另外，如果文中或选项中出现了逻辑关系词，考生就可以利用其来进行推理判

36、断；如果文中或选项中未出现逻辑关系词，这就需要考生全面理解文章大意，根据上下文语境弄清文章内在的逻辑关系，作出正确的判断。【典例3】(2023上江苏盐城高三盐城市伍佑中学校联考阶段练习)A favorite musical tune can fuel positive memories, boost your mood, and create a relaxing setting. 36 Here are some ways to dig into the power of music。Having trouble staying motivated during workout? 37 Re

37、search in the November 2019 Psychology of Sport and Exercise found that upbeat music can make a workout seem less challenging and more enjoyable. In the study, people performed high-intensity interval training (HIIT). The exercisers in the music group reported enjoying their workout more than those

38、in the slow or non-music groups. 38 But waking up to a pleasant tone instead of a sharp alarm can reduce morning sleepiness and improve efficiency, suggests a study published online Jan. 28, 2020, by PLoS One. Set your smart phone alarm to play soft, harmonic sounds or a relaxing tune. Music helps t

39、o relieve stress in a medical procedure. An analysis of 72 trials involving almost 7,000 patients found that patients who listened to music before, during, and after surgery reported less pain. Earlier studies had found that listening to music during dental work lowered peoples anxiety levels. Music

40、 produces a calming effect by stimulating the brains pleasure region. The right choice of music also appears to be necessary. I 39 “Music that is predictable can promote feelings of control and calm,” she says. Many studies have shown that students who listen to slow and peaceful sounds have less an

41、xiety. According to Diaz - Falcon, these sounds provide a calming environment and block distractions in your thought process. She says, “Peaceful music is also believed to activate areas in your brain responsible for analytically thinking and creativity, as well as increasing the brains ability to a

42、bsorb and store information.” 40 A. Try some relaxing music.B. Turn up some music with a fast beat.C. Music has long served as a sleep aid.D. Professor Diaz- Falcon says music can increase your energy.E. Try listening to such sounds the next time you face a complex task.F. People respond best to fam

43、iliar music, according to Professor Diaz- Falcon.G. Used in specific ways, music is also a valuable tool for supporting your health.【答案】36. G 37. B 38. C 39. F 40. E【解析】本文是说明文。喜欢的音乐曲调可以激发积极的记忆，提升你的情绪，并创造一个放松的环境。文章介绍了一些发掘音乐的力量的方式。36.【答案】G【解析】前文“A favorite musical tune can fuel positive memories, boos

44、t your mood, and create a relaxing setting. (一首最喜欢的音乐曲调可以激发积极的记忆，提升你的情绪，并创造一个放松的环境。)”说明音乐有很多好处，选项G中有个also，也是再说音乐的好处。且下文与选项的specific ways相照应。G项“以特定的方式使用，音乐也是一个支持你的健康的宝贵的工具”符合语境，故选G。37. B 设空处后文提到“Research in the November 2019 Psychology of Sport and Exercise found that upbeat music can make a workout

45、seem less challenging and more enjoyable (2019年11月的运动和锻炼心理学研究发现，乐观的音乐可以让锻炼看起来不那么具有挑战性，而更令人愉快)”这里的“upbeat”与B项中的“fast beat”相对应。因此推断B项“打开一些快节奏的音乐”符合语境。故选B。38. C 设空处为段首。且设空后方有一个转折连词but，后文“But waking up to a pleasant tone instead of a sharp alarm can reduce morning sleepiness and improve efficiency”讲到要伴随

46、愉快的音调的音乐起床，跟睡眠有关。C项中的“a sleep aid”一致，因此推断C项“音乐长期以来都作为一种音乐辅助”符合语境。故选C。39. F 设空处前面“The right choice of music also appears to be necessary.”提到正确的音乐选择是有必要的。所以设空与音乐的选择有关。F项“根据Professor Diaz- Falcon教授，人们对熟悉的音乐反应最好”与之相符。故选F。40. E 本段第一句“Many studies have shown that students who listen to slow and peaceful s

47、ounds have less anxiety.”提到很多研究表明，听慢而平和的音乐的学生表现的没有那么焦虑，下文对这种音乐的作用进行解释。E项中的“such sounds”指代的是这种声音。因此推断E项“下一次你面对一个复杂的任务时，尝试听听这样的音乐”符合语境。故选E。高考练场题型01 主旨概括题(2023年全国II卷英语真题七选五)As an artist who shares her journey on social media, Im often asked by curious followers how to begin an art journey. Unfortunatel

48、y, there is no magic list I can offer. I do remember, though, what it was like to be a complete beginner. So Ive put together some good tips for starting an art journey. Start small. I suggest using a sketchbook (素描本) for small studies. These small studies provide inspiration and may be a springboar

49、d for more complex works in the future. 36 Youll want to look back on your journey to see how far youve come. Paint often and paint from life. Theres no better way to improve than to put in those brush miles. Whether you paint still lifes, portraits, or landscapes, paint from life as much as possibl

50、e. 37 Continually challenge yourself to try something new. 38 Artistic growth can be a bit painful. Welcome to the club; weve all been there. I love taking on challenges. I once took up a challenge to create a painting every day for a month and post the works online. 39 Seeking and accepting constru

51、ctive feedback (反馈) is crucial to growth. I post my work on social media and, in turn, have met some of the kindest people. They make me feel valued and respected, no matter my level of artistic ability.The journey youre on wont follow a straight path. 40 Push through, give it time and put in the ef

52、fort. You will harvest the rewards of an artistic life.A. Get out of your comfort zone.B. Make career plans and set goals.C. Dont throw away your beginner art.D. Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so.E. Youll hit roadblocks, and youll feel discouraged at times.F. Evaluate your performance

53、 and, if needed, redefine your role.G. Youll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition.题型02 语段过渡题(2023年新高考全国I卷英语真题七选五)Personal ForgivenessTaking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but dont beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is human. 36 You can use the fo

54、llowing writing exercise to help you do this.In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths.” 37 Are you caring? Creative? Generous? A good listener? Fun to be around? They dont have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that youre proud of.At the top of a

55、second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive things youve done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. 38 You c

56、ould ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. 39 That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. In fact, dont wait until youve made a mistake to try this its a great way to boost self-confidence at any ti

57、me.Its something of a clich (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, its true. 40 We re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow.A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way.B. Now list all the cha

58、racteristics you like about yourself.C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.D. Its just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.E. It doesnt mean you have to ignore whats happened or forget it.F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.G. Whatever

59、the mistake, remember it isnt a fixed aspect of your personality.题型03 细节线索题(2023年全国乙卷英语真题七选五)Indoor plants might look as if they just sit around not doing much, but in many ways they are the unsung heroes of the home. 36 , but studies have shown that they can promote peoples wellbeing by improving t

60、heir mood (心情), reducing stress and helping their memory. Whats more, indoor plants are easy to look after and are not very expensive.What are indoor plants?Indoor plants, also known as houseplants or pot plants, are plants that like to grow indoors. Many of these species (物种) are not ideally suited

61、 to growing outside in the UK, especially in the winter. 37 .Why are indoor plants good for you?Will Spoelstra, who works at the Royal Botanic Gardens, says, “ 38 . I find during the winter months, plants around the house can really lift your mood.” Several studies have backed this up and found that

62、 indoor plants can improve creativity, focus and memory. There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around them by removing harmful gases, such as carbon dioxide. They also remove some harmful chemicals from paints or cooking. 39 .Which plants can you grow?Aloe vera, peace lili

63、es and spider plants are some of the species that are easy to grow indoors. You can buy plants from supermarkets, garden centres or online. Younger plants are often cheaper than fully grown ones, and you get to care for them as they mature which is part of the joy of owning plants. “ 40 ,” Spoelstra

64、 says. “It can bring a new interest and focus into peoples lives and help to make the link between home and nature.”A. All plants are differentB. Not only do they look beautifulC. There are many benefits to growing plants indoorsD. Instead, they grow better inside, where it is warmerE. Plants like p

65、eace lilies and devils tongue are among the bestF. Changing the pot of your plant from time to time will also helpG. Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding名校模拟(1)(2023浙江德清县高级中学校考模拟预测) Across Asia many people have just witnessed the natural wonder that is a total solar ec

66、lipse. 1 This weeks total eclipse could be seen in eastern India before slowly moving across Burma, Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, Japan, and the Pacific Ocean. Yesterday, when it reached eastern China, people flocked (聚集) into the streets to witness the astronomical wonder.As daylight disappeared and t

67、he sky quickly darkened. 2 Cities such as Shanghai were plunged into (陷入) darkness during what is thought to be the longest total eclipse of the 21st century. It lasted 6 minutes and 39 seconds.Total solar eclipses of such a long duration are very rare events. 3 Shao Zhenyi, an astronomer at the Sha

68、nghai Astronomical Observatory in China explained: “Well have to wait a few hundred years for another opportunity to observe a solar eclipse that lasts this long? so its a very special opportunity. But while millions celebrate this phenomenon, it should be remembered that total eclipses have not alw

69、ays been such treasured events. Many cultures traditionally believed that a total eclipse was a bad omen (凶兆) or a supernatural event. 4 Others believed that the eclipse signified oncoming disasters. Nowadays it appears that these fears and superstitions (迷信) are long forgotten. As daylight once aga

70、in flooded Asian cities such as Shanghai, whoops and cheers could be heard among the gathered crowds.Reflecting on what had just happened, one Shanghai resident described the eclipse as “eerie” (怪诞的，奇异的), while another said “Its like magic, the day turns into night in such a short period of time. I

71、have no idea where I am right now. 5 A. It feels like a different world.B. They happen but once in a lifetime.C. Those watching were left far from disappointed.D. Some believed that evil gods were eating the Sun.E. People were frightened by the sudden darkness.F. Some people thought it was a natural

72、 wonder.G. A total solar eclipse occurs when the Sun, Moon and Earth line up in such a way that our view of the Sun is totally hidden by the Moon.(2)(2023广东东莞市东华高级中学校联考模拟预测) Have you ever set a goal for yourself, like getting fit, making honor roll, or being picked for a team? Like lots of people, m

73、aybe you started out doing great, but then lost some of that drive and had trouble getting motivated again. 1 It all comes down to good planning, realistic expectations, and a stick-to-it attitude. Heres what you need to do:First, know your goal. Start by writing down your major goal. For example, “

74、I want to make honor roll,” or “I want to get fit enough to make the cross-country team,” or even, “I want to play in the Olympics” are all major goals because theyre the final thing the goal setter wants to see happen. 2 Thats how people get things done. You just have to remember that the bigger th

75、e goal, the more work it takes to get there.Make it specific. Its easier to plan for and master a specific goal than an unclear one. 3 Thats pretty unclear. Make it specific by defining what you want to achieve, why you want to get fit, and by when. This helps you make a plan to reach your goal. 4 P

76、eople often abandon their goals because their expectations are unreasonable. Part of staying motivated is being realistic about what you can achieve within the time-frame youve planned. Competing on the Olympic ski team is a workable goal if you are 15 and already a star skier. But if youre 18 and o

77、nly just taking your first lesson, time isnt exactly on your side.Break it down. Making any change takes self-discipline. You need to pay constant attention so you dont get sidetracked. 5 For example, lets say you want to run a marathon. If its February and the marathon is in August, thats a realist

78、ic time-frame to prepare. Start by planning to run 2 miles and work up gradually to the distance you need.A. Make it realistic.B. Its OK to dream big.C. What if you keep slipping up?D. Lets say your goal is to get fit.E. So how do you stay motivated and on track with your goal?F. One way to make thi

79、s easier is to break a big goal into small steps.G. Finding the motivation to do it isnt necessarily easy, but it is always possible.(3)（2023上广东高三华南师大附中南海实验高中校考阶段练习）How much time does it take you to sleep, eat and commute every day? 1 That case, time is limited for you to do other meaningful things.

80、 Managing your time effectively, therefore, becomes a matter of critical importance. Here are many things you can do. Work out a plan in advance. 2 This will give you a measure of control over what is going to happen. Whether it is a planner that you stick on the wall or a calendar app on your smart

81、phone, finding an organizing tool that works well for you is essential. Then, record all important events such as exams, projects and rehearsals, so that you can prepare accordingly. 3 This is about the skill of organization. It refers to arranging your personal space at home. So when doing your hom

82、ework, you are in a tidy place, free from distractions. This includes putting away your mobile phone until you have finished everything that needs to be done. Prioritize (优先考虑) what needs doing. There is only a limited amount of time in a day, and even with good planning and organization, it is not

83、always possible to complete everything that needs to be done. In such circumstances, you will have to decide which task should be completed first. You should classify the activities on the basis of their urgency and importance. 4 Then you can focus on your objective and stick to it. Once you start t

84、aking little steps every day to plan, organize and prioritize the activities you intend to devote your energy, skills and talents to, you can spare more time to stay with family and friends, pursue a hobby or work on personal development. 5 A. Create favourable conditions.B. This classification is y

85、our ultimate goal.C. Balancing them is really a challenge for you.D. This classification will help determine your priority.E. Think about upcoming events and make a to-do list.F. These basic activities take up an enormous part of your day.G. You will end up reaping (收获) the rewards of time managemen

86、t.(4)（2023上湖北高三华中师大一附中校考期中）Some pals and I were in the midst of a pinball competition at a bar the other night when the machine kept breaking down. We called over a very busy employee whos responsible for helping keep the place running. He put everything aside to fix our problematic pinball machine

87、twice. 1 A couple of the guys immediately objected, saying the employee was just doing the job he was paid to do. I insisted and got the group to agree to the plan, although somewhat reluctantly.My pinball wizard didnt stretch out his hand, but how many times have we run across those payment screens

88、 that suggest a 20% tip for being handed a sandwich we ordered? 2 There is data to back up the trend: 66% of American adults have a negative view of tipping, and 32% say theyre sick of those payment-screen hints, according to a recent Bankrate survey. 3 I admit there are times I suspect the tipping

89、thing has gone too far - say, when Im at a self-checkout line and theres still request to leave something extra. But Im generally willing to err on the side of caution: If someone is expecting a tip, Ill assume they have financial reasons to do so. 4 Plus, tipping is good karma (因果报应). Its always wo

90、rth it to tip in unexpected situations- ones that dont necessarily involve a hint on a payment screen. 5 He was so grateful for the $10 tip that later that night, he rewarded our group with well more than $10 in free tokens (代金券) for future play.So next time, there must be no arguments with my frien

91、ds when times come to tip.A. This leads to whats been called “tipping fatigue (疲劳)”B. So, why am I willing to go against the trend and say yes?C. I suggested we tip him $10 and split the tip among all of us.D. Theres an argument that we should ban tipping altogether.E. Guess what happened next with

92、my pinball-machine fixer at the bar?F. One dollar or two wont make or break me, but it can possibly help with their rent.G. Should they earn far below the minimum wage, employers must make up the difference.(5)（2023湖北襄阳襄阳四中校考模拟预测）You dont need to be an astronomer with a giant telescope to enjoy a si

93、mple but spellbinding activity: stargazing. 1 Its so interesting to discover whats going on. With a bit of practice, and know-how from books and websites, stargazers can spot particular stars and also groups of stars. There is plenty to take in using just your eyes but some people use a telescope fo

94、r a more detailed look. For the best results, choose a clear night when the moon is not very bright. 2 It can be harder to see the stars in towns and cities. It is because of light pollution. The night sky is brightened by light from street lamps, shops and car headlights. The best places for starga

95、zing are open, hilly areas or the coast. 3 It is our home galaxy stretching across the night sky and is best seen in summer and fall evening skies. If the full moon is up, it will be hard to see. Try going for a night hike instead! Let your eyes adjust to the moonlight and keep your flashlight turne

96、d off. 4 That is camping in a national park under a star-filled sky. Many national parks offer various night sky programs, from telescope astronomy events to full moon walks with rangers. Besides, national parks are also great places to know about the animals that are awake at night and asleep durin

97、g the day. Sit quietly and listen for these creatures. When you head out at night, always go with an adult. Dress warmly and take a blanket or a chair to sit on, plus a hot drink to warm you up. You might want to take a camera with you as well, so you can take a photo if you see something amazing in

98、 the sky. A whole new world comes alive at night and is waiting to be explored. 5 A. Get prepared for the wonder above.B. Just go outside at night and look up.C. You are supposed to avoid the full moon.D. It also matters which direction you observe.E. In these places, you can look for the Milky Way.F. What is the better way to experience the great wonder?G. Where do you prefer to have a stargazing trip at night?