专题14 非谓语动词之动词不定式（重点语法）-2022-2023学年高一英语上学期期末复习查缺补漏冲刺满分（人教版2019）.docx

1、人教版（2019）高一英语上学期期末复习 查缺补漏冲刺满分专题14 非谓语动词之动词不定式1（2022年全国甲卷）A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xian, as a first step _ (journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot.2(2021全国乙卷)Accommodations aim _(have) a low impact on the natural environment.3(2021年北京卷)Much of this

2、increase can be due to climate change. The findings show a critical need _ (invest) in disaster prevention.4(2020年浙江卷1月)The median (中位数的) age of an American in 1950 was 30today it is 41 and is expected_(increase) to 42 by 2050.5Students tend_(admire) the teachers who are both strict and full of love

3、.6I wonder if its because I havent been able to be outdoors for so long that Ive grown so crazy about everything_ (do) with nature.7So by the 1600s Shakespeare was able_(make) use of a wider vocabulary than ever before.8It is an honour for me_ (invite) to give a lecture here.9All passengers are requ

4、ested _(check) in before the flight takes off.10Fatemi said the bird flu danger was likely_(rise) as winter came in the coming week. 11He was most anxious _ (find) a job so as not to have to depend on others.12Parents and children should communicate more_(narrow) the generation gap between them.13On

5、 receiving the letter, I could hardly wait_(tell) my mother about the exciting news. 14I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good_. (breath) 15The boy was made _(study) all day.16He volunteered _ (do) the stressful job.17Tina has decided _(go) to Rome for her holidays.18It wa

6、s the culture, rather than the language, that made it hard for him_ (adapt) to the new environment abroad.19My parents are content_ (live) in the country, where the air is fresh and clean.20The teacher came to the classroom and demanded_ (tell) what was going on just now.21She had requested the comm

7、unity_ (turn) it into a museum upon her death.22The company decided to find a way_ (improve) the quality of the products.23My teacher recommended us_ (carry) on with the experiment.24He didnt lose heart and determined_(find) a better way to improve his methods. 25We all feel greatly honoured_(take)

8、part in the event. 26It is up to you_(arrange) for a car to pick up the tourists. 27Its the responsibility of scientists, knowing the great progress is the fruit of freedom of thought, _ (declare) the value of this freedom.28Those tourists cannot wait_ (enjoy) the local food recommended by the local

9、 guide. 29The teacher requested us_ (admire) the wonderful view more carefully. 30The teenager at last found a way_ (improve) his spoken English. 31Sorry _(interrupt), but theres someone to see you.32Those rescue workers made every effort_(help) those who survived the earthquake.33She has an assista

10、nt to help her out. Now she has the energy _(accompany) her family. 34I was scared_(hear) the bad news because I couldnt face it.35He promised faithfully _(call)me every week. 36Dont give up, Helen. You have the potential _(become) an excellent athlete. 37He undertook _(finish) the job by Friday. 38

11、You can ask that girl standing there for she is the third _(reach) the spot.39How does an early-warning system help us _(maintain) the ecological balance? 40_(be) brief, we must obtain our competitors plans. 41After a while she seemed content _ (leave) her husband over at the cemetery. 42He keeps pr

12、actising to make it possible for him _ (win) the competition. 43It is necessary _(discuss) the problem with an experienced teacher. 44They were alarmed _(find) their luggage had been stolen.45To earn more money，some parents have no option but _(leave)their children at hometown and work in big cities

13、. 46Do the following _(ensure)the safe operation of your smoke detector.47Remember,myou always have the power _(change)your situation. 48It is sensible _(go) to work by subway instead of by car in the morning.49He would ask who we were and pretend not_(know)us.50He was made_(stand)at the front of th

14、e class. 51It is wise_(learn)some simple safety tips to protect yourself or your family members. 52Failure_(produce)proof of identity could result in prosecution. 53Ive been meaning_(ask)you if you want to come for a meal next week. 54What inspired him _(give) such a brilliant performance?55Dont hes

15、itate _(ask) me if you have any questions. 56It is better to express your anger, rather than_(hide)it in your heart. 57I always want to go to the Yellow Mountain, but now I am frightened_(travel)alone. 58The manager reminded everyone present at the meeting_(bring)their notebooks the next day. 59He i

16、s often seen_(cheat) at cards. 60Please remind me_(buy) some milk tonight. 61The hot sun enables the grapes _(reach) optimum ripeness.62Peter set out that day _ (hunt) for work. 63If you want _ (succeed) in passing the entrance exam, you should study hard. 64She opened the window _ ( let) some fresh

17、 air. 65_(keep) their body under control, astronauts have to move slowly. 66We should rely on the public _(solve) the case. 67He didnt even have the intelligence_（call）for an ambulance that night when he had an accident.68Pay attention to news updates _ (confirm) whether the danger is gone. 69My sis

18、ter agrees_（spend）the holiday there. 70Rozes chain shops are helpful _(establish)Roze as the inventor of the modern restaurant.参考答案：1to journey【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：近日，一名来自北京的盲人徒步40天来到西安，作为“一带一路”徒步旅行的第一步。结合句意，分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语作定语。非谓语作定语修饰名词时，若名词前有序数词修饰限定，则只能用不定式作后置定语。故填to journey。2to have【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：住宿宗旨是

19、对自然环境影响达到很小。固定短语aim to do译为“旨在，目的是”，不定式作宾语。故填to have。3to invest【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这种增长在很大程度上是由于气候变化。研究结果表明，急需投资于灾害预防。根据语境可知，此处表示未来的动作，应用不定式，作后置定语修饰名词need。故填to invest。4to increase【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：1950年美国人的年龄中位数是30岁，而今天是41岁，预计到2050年将增至42岁。根据短语be expected to do sth.“被期望做某事”可知，空处应填不定式作主语补足语。故填to increase。5to

20、admire【详解】考查不定式。句意：学生倾向于崇拜既严格又充满爱心的老师。tend to do是固定短语，意为“倾向于做某事”，因此空格处用不定式，故填to admire。6to do【详解】考查不定式。句意：我想知道是不是因为我太久不能在户外活动，所以我对和大自然有关的一切都变得如此疯狂。分析句子可知，句子有谓语have grown，因此do要使用其非谓语形式，这里要用不定式作everything的后置定语，everything to do with 为固定搭配，意为“和相关的一切”。故填to do。7to make【详解】考查不定式。句意：因此，到了17世纪，莎士比亚能够使用比以往任何时

21、候都更广泛的词汇。be able to do是固定短语，意为“能够做某事”，因此空格处用不定式to make，故填to make。8to be invited【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我很荣幸能应邀在这里演讲。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定句型“It is an honour for sb. to do sth.”，意为“对某人来说做某事是一种荣幸”，句中“It”作形式主语，不定式作真正的主语，“me”和“invite”为被动关系，故应用不定式的被动语态“to be done”，“invite”的过去分词为“invited”，故空格处应填“to be invited”。故填to be invi

22、ted。9to check【详解】考查不定式。句意：请所有乘客在航班起飞前办理登机手续。分析句子可知，设空处构成固定短语sb be requested to do某人被要求做，故填to check。10to rise【详解】考查固定结构。句意：法特米说，随着未来一周冬天的到来，禽流感的危险可能上升。短语：be likely to do sth.“可能做某事”，所以空处用to rise，故填to rise。11to find【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他急切地想找个工作，这样就不用依赖别人了。首先在一整句话中已经存在系动词was，所以find要考虑使用非谓语动词形式；再根据固定句型“It is

23、+ adj. to do sth”译为“做某事是怎么样的”可知，这里应该使用动词不定式，故填to find。12to narrow【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：父母和孩子应该多沟通，以缩小他们之间的代沟。narrow作动词，意为“使缩小”；根据句意，设空处应用动词不定式，作目的状语。故填to narrow.13to tell【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：一收到这封信，我就迫不及待地要告诉妈妈这个令人兴奋的消息。can hardly wait to do迫不及待地做某事。根据句意，故填to tell。14to breathe【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：夏天我喜欢早起。早上的空气呼吸起来很棒。此

24、处为固定句型：主语+ be+ adj.+ to do “某人/物是的”，空处用动词不定式。故填to breathe。15to study【详解】考查不定式。句意：这个男孩被迫整天学习。be made to do sth.是固定用法，译为“被迫做某事”，它是make sb. do sth.的被动式（主动式省to）；根据英文提示，故填to study。16to do【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他自愿做这项压力很大的工作。短语volunteer to do sth.表示“自愿做某事”。故填to do。17to go【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：Tina已经决定去罗马度假了。此题考查decide“决

25、定”后接不定式作宾语，即decide to do sth的结构，意为“决定做某事”。故填to go。18to adapt【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：使他难以适应国外新环境的是文化，而不是语言。此处为make it adj. for sb. to do sth.，it作形式宾语，不定式为真正宾语。故填to adapt。19to live【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我父母很满意住在乡下，那里的空气新鲜干净。固定短语be content to do sth 意为“满足于做某事”符合句意，故填to live。20to be told【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：老师来到教室，要求告诉刚才发生了什么

26、事。demand to do sth. “要求做某事”，又因demand的主语为“The teacher”，老师要求别人告诉他，那老师就是被告诉。所以应为demand to be done。故填to be told。21to turn【详解】考查不定式。句意：她要求社区在她死后把它变成一个博物馆。根据句意和句中的动词request以及所给动词turn可知，该题是考查动词request的用法：request somebody to do something（要求某人做某事）。故填to turn。22to improve【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：公司决定找到一种方法来提高产品质量。句子结构分析

27、可知_(improve) the quality of the products作后置定语修饰a way。固定搭配 a way to do sth意为“做某事的方法”符合句意，所以此空应填不定式to improve。故填to improve。23to carry【详解】考查不定式。句意：老师建议我们继续做这个实验。recommend sb. to do sth.是固定短语，意为“建议某人做某事”，因此空格处是不定式to carry，故填to carry。24to find【详解】考查不定式的一般式。句意：他没有失去信心，决心找到一个更好的方法来改进他的方法。短语determine to do

28、sth.表示“决定做某事”。故填to find。25to take【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：能参加这次活动，我们都感到非常荣幸。分析句子可知，“(take) part in the event”作状语，be/feel 加上情绪性形容词之后需要动词不定式形式作原因状语，feel honoured to do sth.可表示“觉得做某事很荣幸”，符合句意。故填to take。26to arrange【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：由你安排一辆汽车来接游客。根据句型：It is up to sb. to do sth.“由某人决定做某事”可知，横线上填不定式。故填to arrange。27to d

29、eclare【详解】考查不定式。句意：科学家知道伟大的进步是思想自由的果实，他们有责任宣布这种自由的价值。it is the responsibility of sb. to do是固定短语，意为“做某事是某人的责任”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式，因此空格处是to declare，故填to declare。28to enjoy【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：那些游客迫不及待地品尝了当地导游推荐的当地食物。分析句子可知，此处考查固定短语cannot wait to do sth.，意为 “迫不及待做某事”，故空处应填动词不定式。故填to enjoy。29to admire【详解】考查不

30、定式。句意：老师要求我们更加仔细地欣赏美景。根据request sb. to do sth. “要求某人做某事”可知该空填不定式。故填to admire。30to improve【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个少年终于找到了提高英语口语的方法。名词way, chance等后面常用动词不定式做后置定语，a way to do sth.，表示“做某事的方法”的意思。故填to improve。31to interrupt【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：抱歉打扰了，有人要见你。根据句意和sorry可知，此处为sorry to do(抱歉做某事)为固定结构，sorry to interrupt(抱歉打扰

31、了)，为固定用法。故填to interrupt。32to help【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：那些救援人员竭尽全力帮助那些地震中的幸存者。分析句意再根据空格前的effort可知，此处用提示词的动词不定式形式构成固定短语make every effort to do sth.表示“努力做某事”符合语境。故填to help。33to accompany【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她有一个助手帮她摆脱困境。现在她有陪伴家人的精力了。此处用不定式作后置定语修饰energy。故填to accompany。34to hear【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：我害怕听到这个坏消息，因为我无法面对它。be s

32、cared to do sth害怕做某事，不定式作原因状语。故填to hear。35to call【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他忠实地承诺每周给我打电话。固定搭配promise to do sth.“承诺做某事”。故填to call。36to become【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：别放弃，海伦。你有成为一名优秀运动员的潜力。have the potential to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“有潜力做某事”。故填to become。37to finish【详解】考查固定短语。句意：他答应在星期五之前完成这项工作。短语undertake to do sth.表示“答应做某事”。故填t

33、o finish。38to reach【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你可以问站在那里的那个女孩，她是第三个到达那个地方的人。被修饰的词为序数词，应用动词不定式作定语。故填to reach。39(to) maintain【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：预警系统如何帮助我们维持生态平衡？根据空格后的名词短语the ecological balance可知，空格处需填入动词与其构成动宾结构，再结合句子结构可知，该部分作宾语补足语，故空格处需填入非谓语动词的形式。Maintain为动词，意为“维持，维修”。在help+宾语+宾补结构中，宾补为动词时，应用不定式，且不定式符号to可以省略。故填(to) m

34、aintain。40To be【详解】考查固定短语。句意：简单地说，我们必须得到我们的竞争对手的计划。 to be belief“简言之”是固定短语，句首字母需大写。故填To be。41to leave【详解】考查固定句型。句意：过了一会儿，她似乎满足于把丈夫留在墓地。.content to do.(满足于做某事)，content是形容词，空格处应使用动词不定式作主语补足语，故填 to leave。42to win【详解】考查不定式。句意：他不断练习，使他有可能赢得比赛。分析句子可知，it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是“for him (win) the competition”，是不定式复合结构，

35、作真正的宾语，make it+形容词+for sb. to do意为“使某人做某事是”，故填to win。43to discuss【详解】考查不定式。句意：有必要和一位有经验的老师讨论这个问题。此处为句型it be adj. to do sth.，不定式为真正主语。故填to discuss。44to find【详解】考查不定式。句意：他们惊恐地发现他们的行李被偷了。be alarmed to do是固定短语，意为“对做某事感到惊恐”，因此空格处是不定式to find。故填to find。45to leave【详解】考查不定式。句意：为了挣更多的钱，一些父母别无选择，只能把孩子留在家乡，在大城市

36、工作。 have no option but to do sth.，译为“不得不做某事；除了做某事外别无选择”；根据英文提示，故填to leave。46to ensure【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为确保烟雾探测器的安全操作，应采取以下措施。动词不定式表示目的，作目的状语。故填to ensure。47to change【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：记住，你总是有能力改变你的处境。分析句子结构，此处作后置定语，修饰前面名词power，用不定式to change。故填to change。48to go【详解】考查不定式。句意：早上坐地铁上班而不坐汽车上班是明智的。it is+adj.+ to d

37、o sth.是固定句型，意为“做某事是的”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式，因此空格处是to go。故填to go。49to know【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他会问我们是谁并且假装不认识我们。固定搭配pretend to do sth. “假装做某事”。故填to know。50to stand【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他被迫站在全班的前面。make sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”，其中动词不定式作宾语补足语，而在该结构中省略动词不定式符号to。如果该结构用到被动语态中，动词不定式符号需要被还原回来。根据was made可知，句子为被动语态，所以空处需要动词不定式。故填

38、to stand。51to learn【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：学习一些简单的安全提示来保护你自己或你的家人是明智的。it是形式主语，不定式作真正的主语。故填to learn。52to produce【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：未能出示身份证明可能导致起诉。固定短语：failure to do sth.“未能做某事”，所以空处填不定式to produce，作后置定语，故填to produce。53to ask【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我一直想问你下星期是否来吃饭。固定搭配mean to do sth. “打算/想要做某事”。故填to ask。54to give【详解】考查固定短语。句

39、意：是什么激励他做出如此精彩的表演？分析句子可知，此处为固定短语inspire sb to do sth“激励某人做某事”，满足句意要求。故填to give。55to ask【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：如果您有任何问题，请随时与我联系。hesitate to do sth.“对做某事犹豫”为固定搭配，所以空处需用动词不定式作宾语。故填to ask。56hide【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：与其把愤怒藏在心里，不如把它表达出来。rather than前后的动词形式要保持一致，前面是doing形式则后面也用doing形式，前面是to do形式则后面也用(to) do形式（to可以省略）。根据句意

40、，故填hide。57to travel【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：我总是想去黄山，但现在我害怕独自旅行。设空处在句中作非谓语，后应为不定式作状语；be frightened to do sth害怕做某事，固定用法，故填to travel。58to bring【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：经理提醒每个出席会议的人第二天把笔记本带来。分析句意再根据前面的remind可知，此处用动词不定式作宾语补足语，构成固定短语remind sb to do sth表示“提醒某人做某事”符合语境。故填to bring。59to cheat【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：人们经常看到他打牌作弊。sb. be see

41、n to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“某人被看到做了某事”，故填to cheat。60to buy【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：请提醒我今晚买些牛奶。remind sb. to do sth.固定搭配，意为“提醒某人做某事”，故填to buy。61to reach【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：炎热的阳光使葡萄达到最佳成熟期。enable sb. to do sth.使某人能做某事。根据句意，故填to reach。62to hunt【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：Peter那天出去找工作去了。句中set为谓语动词，设空处应该使用非谓语动词。此处表示目的，作状语，故使用to do不定式。故填to

42、 hunt。63to succeed【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：如果你想成功通过入学考试，你应该要努力学习。分析句子结构可知，if从句谓语动词是want，所以空格要填非谓语形式。want to do sth表示“想要做某事”，故填to succeed。64to let【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们打开窗户，让新鲜空气进来。句子谓语动词为opened，和空处无and连接，所以空处为非谓语，用不定式表示目的。故填to let。65To keep【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：为了让身体受控，宇航员不得不慢慢移动。此处位于句首，做目的状语，故应用动词不定式，故填To keep。66to solv

43、e【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：我们应该依靠公众来解决这个问题。分析句子结构可知，本句不缺主谓宾句子基本成分，根据句意此处用动词不定式表目的，作状语，故填to solve。67to call【详解】考查固定短语。句意：那天晚上他出车祸的时候连叫救护车的头脑都没有。have the intelligence to do sth.是固定短语，译为“有做某事的智慧”，根据英文提示，故填to call。68to confirm【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：留意新闻更新，以确认危险是否已经消失。分析句子结构和意思可知，动词confirm是动词短语Pay attention to news updates

44、发生的目的，所以用动词不定式，做目的状语。故填to confirm。69to spend【详解】考查不定式。句意：我的姐姐同意在那里度假。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查固定短语“agree to do”，意为“同意做某事”，用不定式作宾语。故填to spend。70to establish 建立【详解】考查不定式。句意：罗泽连锁店有助于建立罗泽作为现代餐厅的发明者。be helpful to为固定搭配，意为“对有帮助”，to是不定式符号，接动词原形构成不定式作状语。故填to establish。Sentence meaning: for a fixed collocation, meaning”.