专题20 选择性必修一Unit2基础知识复习-2023年高考英语一轮复习基础知识 基本能力双清（译林版2020）.docx

1、专题20 选择性必修一Unit2基础知识复习-2023年高考英语一轮复习基础知识+基本能力双清（译林版2020）选择性必修一Unit2基础知识复习：1. 单词词组搭配2. 短语3. 写作和范文欣赏-倡议书4. 练习单词变形词组搭配compose v.作曲;组成;撰写;使镇静composer n.作曲家,作曲者be composed of.由.组成dramatic adj. 激动人心的,引人注目的;突然的;戏剧的drama n. 戏剧;戏剧艺术dramatically adv. 戏剧性地;引人注目地dramatic change 急剧的变化increase dramatically 急剧增加co

2、mbine vt.&vi.(使)融合;(使)结合,(使)混合;兼做;合并combination n.结合;联合;结合体combined adj.联合的;总计的combine A with B 把A和B 结合surroundings n. 周围,环境surrounding adj.周围的;附近的surround v.包围,围绕,环绕be surrouded with/by.被.包围adaptation n. 改编本; 适应adaptable adj.能适应的adapt adj.能适应的adapt (oneself) to. 适应.suitable adj.合适的,适宜的,适当的,适用的suit

3、v. 适合,使适合;有利于;相配be suitable to do sth适合做某事distant adj. 遥远的,远处的,久远的; 冷淡的;远亲的distance n.距离;远处;冷淡,疏远distantly adv.冷淡地;遥远地;模糊地at a distance 远距离remarkable adj. 非凡的,奇异的,显著的,引人注目的remark n.言论,评论 v.评论,谈及,谈论同义词：comment / reviewprediction n.预言,预测predictable adj. 可预见的predict v.预言;预报It is predicted that .据估计.dep

4、ress v.使抑郁,使沮丧;使萧条,使不景气depression n.不景气;沮丧,消沉depressive adj.抑郁的 n.抑郁症患者depress the economy 使得经济萧条deserve vt值得，应得deserved adj. 应得的sb deserve +to do某人值得做某事sth deserve doing=sth deserve to be done 某事值得被做weepvi&vt哭泣，流泪过去式/过去分词：wept weep with tears of joy喜极而泣overcome vt.受到.的极大影响；克服, 战胜过去式/过去分词：overcame-o

5、vercomebe overcome by/with .被.打败sorrow n悲伤，悲痛；伤心事sorrowful adj.伤心的to ones sorrow 令某人伤心的是rural adj乡村的，农村的urban adj. 城市的transform vi&vt (使)变形，(使)改观，(使)转化trasplant/translate/transport/transfertransform.into.把.转变成.guarantee vt保证,担保；为(产品)提供保修n保证，担保；保修单guarantee to do sth 保证做某事invader n.侵略者invade v.侵略inva

6、sion n.侵略defend vt&vi保护，防御；辩解defence n.防御defend against sb 抵抗某人stare vi盯着看，凝视，注视glare v. 怒视stare at sb/sth 盯着某人看grab vt&vi吸引；抓住；赶紧，抓紧过去式/过去分词：grabbed/grabbedgrab her arm 抓住她的胳膊complicatedadj复杂的，难懂的complex adj. 复杂的accompany vt.陪同，陪伴；伴随；为.伴奏company n. 陪伴accompany sb on+乐器 用.乐器给某人伴奏keep sb company 陪伴某人

7、expectation n.希望,盼望；预料,预期；期望,指望expect v.期待、预期beyond ones expections 无法预料，意料之外enthusiastic adj.热情的，热心的enthusiasm n.热情；热心be enthusiastic about.对.热情vast adj大量的，辽阔的，巨大的vastly adv. 巨大地a vast amount of information大量信息gifted adj有才华的，有天赋的talented adj. 有天赋的be gifted in. 在.有天赋reputation n名誉，名声fame n. 名声have a

8、 reputation for.因.有名声possess vt具有(特质)；拥有；支配，控制possession n. 财产，所有物take possession of. 拥有.in possession of. 拥有.in the possessio of.被.所拥有abandon vt中止，放弃同义词：quit v.放弃quit doing sth 放弃做某事desperate adj绝望的；不惜冒险的；极其需要的；极严重的desperation n. 绝望;拼命;铤而走险be desperate to do sth渴望做某事be desperate for sth渴望某物grand ad

9、j宏大的，宏伟的；壮丽的，堂皇的a very grand occasion 隆重的场合短语：1. 一系列;广泛的2. 作为而出名;被称为3. 使(关系密切的人)分离,分开4. 强迫某人做某事5. 依赖,依靠;信任6. 结果是;原来是7. 在沉思中8. 奉送,额外赠送9. 作为额外增添10. 一系列;一批11. 古典音乐12. 由组成(或构成)13. 打算做某事14. 对厌倦15. 出现,露面16. 开始做某事,开始认真注意(或对待)某事17. 上演;穿上;增加18. 突然,猛地19. be capable of 20. send out 21. as well as 22. be in a s

10、tate of 23.turn up 24. take. back to 25. reflect on 26. be related to 27.a crowd of 28. break into 29. be determined to do sth 30. a variety of 31. with ease 32. be regarded as 【答案】1. a range of 2. be known as 3. tear apart 4. force sb. to do sth. 5. rely on 6.turn out 7.be deep in thought 8. throw

11、in9. for good measure 10.a series of 11.classical music 12.consist of 13. intend to do sth 14.get tired of 15. show up 16. get down to(doing) sth.17. put on 18. all of a sudden 19.能够;可以 20.发送;放出;派遣21. 除之外;也 22.处于一种的状态中 23.出现;将(音量)调大 24. 将带回到 25.认真思考;沉思 26.与有关;向讲述27. 一群 28.强行闯入;突然开始 29.决定做某事 30.各种各样的

12、 31.轻松地,不费力地 32被视为写作和范文欣赏-倡议书文章结构1.说明事由 2.发出倡议 3.总结呼呼表示倡议的句型 (I) propose(s) that.should+do. .advocate(s) that. should+do. I would like to call on.to do. I would like to appeal to. to do.呼吁的话语 Hopefully you will join in the action and extend warm help to those needy persons. With your help, / Because

13、 of our participation, .will.(比较级) Help and love will make the world a nicer place. /Its love that sets the world going. Your kindness/ attention/ effort/ generousness/donation/participation will be highly valued./.will be appreciated. Everyones contribution counts. Working hand in hand, we can make

14、 a big difference. .contribute(s) to a united and harmonious class /country.【例题】假如你是李明，你所在的学校倡议给贫困地区的学生捐款、捐书和捐衣物。请你以组织者的身份写一封倡议书。【范文】Dear schoolmates,When you read books in the library and sit in modem classrooms, listening to your teachers, have you ever wondered about the big pairs of eyes that th

15、irst for knowledge in remote areas? To help those poor children, the Students Union advocates that all the students go to the meeting room to contribute books, stationery and even clothes before October 30th.With your help, the lives of those children will be richer and more varied. In addition, hel

16、p and love will make the world a nicer place!Li Ming单元练习单词拼写1. He w_ to her so that no one else could hear what he said.2. A small gesture can have a d_ impact on others less fortunate.3. At the funeral, everyone was w_ with sadness over the young boys death.4. To his great s_, his grandfather died

17、in a car accident yesterday.5. Faced so confusing situation, the young boy hardly c_ his thoughts. 6. If you are in trouble, you can always _(依靠) on Bob to help you out.7. He had a _ (和蔼的，和善的) manner and was a gifted public speaker.8. I have to say in her _ (辩护) that she knew nothing about it before

18、hand.9. I think the team from our city played well and _ (应得) the victory.10. The salesman _ (保证) that the TV would not break in the first 5 years with normal use.11. Jack took a deep b_ and then dived into the water.12. He wanted to get away from everything so he moved to a d_ land.13. She s_ at th

19、e painting, wondering where she had seen it.14. The cooling wind s_ through our bedroom windows. 15. It is not u_ for new business owners to work seventy or eighty hours a week. 16. From this point on, youll have free time to explore the city and _ (匆忙吃) some lunch.17. She was _(陪同) by an experience

20、d ski instructor and she learnt very quickly.18. I learnt that _ (期盼) at weddings in different countries can be quite different.19. The rules of the game are too _ (复杂的，难懂的)to explain in a few words. 20. The _ (太阳的) system is the sun and all the planets that go round it.【答案】1.whispered 2. dramatic 3

21、. weeping 4. sorrow 5. composed 6. rely/depend/count 7. pleasant 8. defence 9. deserved 10. guaranteed 11. breath 12. distant 13. stared 14. swept 15. unusual 16. grab 17. accompanied 18. expectations 19. complicated 20. solar 单句语法1. His latest book, I think, deserves _ (read) several times.2. _ (pl

22、easant) things were whispered about Joe Bidens election victory.3. Mum whispered _ us, “Be quiet! Your little sisters sleeping.”4. Events could have developed in a _(dramatic) different way.5. The couple _ (weep) at the bad news that their hero son died in the battle. 6. Eleven people were killed in

23、 the highway accident, which was a _(sorrow) event.7. John is very _ (rely) - if he promises to do something hell do it.8. The manager firmly believes _(transform) is not only a choice, but also a strategy.9. _ (overcome) by curiosity, the boy looked out of the window.10. To be successful in living

24、abroad, you must learn to change yourself to fit in your new _ (surround).11. The old couple got to the top of the mountain, _(breath). 12. You can hear the sound of the falls _ a distance of 5 km.13. _(usual) among British prime ministers, he was not a man of natural authority.14. The desperate thi

25、ef _ (grab) a sword from a guard and killed himself. 15. Children under 14, when _(accompany) by their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium. 16. The Smiths were disappointed to find their son very disappointing, for he couldnt live up to their _(expect).17. That kind of electronic dictionaries

26、is elegantly shaped, especially _ (suit) for people with a reading disability.18. When it was first staged in 1949, the play _ (greet) with enthusiastic reviews. 【答案】1. reading/ to be read 2. Unpleasant 3. to 4. dramatically 5. wept 6. sorrowful 6. reliable 8. transformation 9. Overcome 10. surround

27、ings 11. breathlessly 12. at 13. Unusually 14. grabbed 15. accompanied 16. expectations 17. suitable 18. was greeted 语法填空I lost my last debate in the recent National High School Academic Debate & Speech Tournament held in Shanghai. But instead of focusing on my 56_ (fail), I stopped to reflect on my

28、 experiences in the past few years as a debater.In general, preparing for new debate topics usually 57_(include) brainstorming arguments, researching a resolution, and doing debate practice. So if you spot a debating group, you might see us sitting together after school, or even all day at weekends,

29、 58_(discuss) arguments and researching evidence. You might also notice us arguing 59_(fierce) anywhere we can.Not only are they supportive, but my debate friends also have similar passions and interests to 60_(I). As we discuss debate topics, my fellow debaters and I can talk about anything, from t

30、he best way of rehabilitating(改造) criminals 61_ the negative points of free immigration policies. However, our discussions are more than just a way 62_ (practice) our debating skills. In my mind, theyre helping us to become calm and consider winning and solving real problems as well.To me, the debat

31、ing community is a great place where people help each other not only because theyre interested in a higher cause, 63_ because they care about how people from different backgrounds can lead better lives. Im grateful to each of my debate friends and every single minute we get to spend together. Indeed

32、, my high school life would be 64_(complete) without them. So even though I 65_ (defeat) in my last debate, Im still thankful for being part of my wonderful debate family.【答案】56. failure 57. includes 58. discussing 59. fiercely 60. mine 61. to 62. to practice 63. but 64. incomplete 65. was defeated根

33、据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选。The word “pub” is short for public house. There are around 60,000 pubs in the UK. One of the oldest pubs, Fighting Cocks in St. Albans, Hertfordshire, is located in a building that dates back to the eleventh century._36_ People talk, eat, drink, meet their frie

34、nds and relax there. Pubs often have two bars, one usually quieter than the other, and many have a garden where people can sit in summer. Children can go into pub gardens with their parents.Groups of friends normally buy “rounds”of drinks. _37_ It is sometimes difficult to get served when pubs are b

35、usy: the bar staff will usually try and serve those who have been waiting the longest at the bar first.Most pubs often have a complete range of beers, local and imported, with German, Belgian and French beers being in demand. _38_ As a matter of fact, pubs sell soft drinks, too.The legal age to purc

36、hase alcohol is 18 in the UK. People aged 16 and 17, with the licenses permission, may have only one glass of wine during a meal. _39_ It is illegal to sell alcohol to someone who already appears drunk. A fourteen-year-old may enter a pub unaccompanied by an adult if he orders a meal. Children may e

37、nter a pub with their parents until 9 p. m. , which lets families enjoy reasonably priced pub meals together. _40_Customs in British pubs differ from those in American bars. In most pubs in the UK, you must go to the bar to order drinks and food and pay for your purchases immediately.A. British peop

38、le like drinking beers in pubs.B. Pubs are an important part of British life.C. But they must be with an adult and the adult orders it.D. In the salon bar the atmosphere is quieter and there are fewer people.E. And it also allows pubs to play their traditional roles as community centers.F. The perso

39、n whose turn it is will buy drinks for all the members of the group.G. Most people might think pubs are places where people simply drink alcohol.【答案】BFGCE【解析】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了英国酒馆的相关信息。36. B。空处为段落主题句。从文章第二段尤其是空后一句可知，英国人的生活离不开酒馆，因此B项“酒馆是英国人生活的重要组成部分”能够概括本段。37. F。根据空前的“Groups of friends normally buy round

40、s of drinks”可知，此处指轮到谁，谁就要为这群朋友里的每个成员买酒。38. G。上文提到大多数酒馆的酒类很齐全，当地的和进口的都有。下文提到酒馆也销售不含酒精的饮料。因此，G项“大多数人可能认为酒馆是人们只喝酒的地方”符合语境。39. C。在英国，购买酒的合法年龄是18岁。16岁和17岁的孩子在有许可证的情况下，(在酒馆)一顿饭只能喝一杯葡萄酒；再结合下文中的“unaccompanied by an adult”可推知，C项“但是他们得有成年人陪伴而且由成年人点酒”符合语境。40. E。空处为段落结尾句。根据空前内容可知，孩子可以和父母在酒馆待到晚上9点，这让家人可以享受定价合理的晚

41、餐，而这也让酒馆发挥了它的传统作用，即作为社区活动中心。读后续写My days always started with a two-to four-mile run on a nearby greenway. For about two years, I had a very faithful running partner. This giant, orange tabby cat was probably the gentlest cat I had ever encountered. He would see me climbing the hill and join in, runni

42、ng alongside me for about a quarter mile until he meowed enough to get me to stop and pet him. A few minutes later, when I attempted to restart my run, he would wind around my ankles to keep me longer. Although he was a rather fat fellow, I always brought him some cat food.On fair-weather afternoons

43、, I would pick up my four-year-old granddaughter from pre-school and we would visit the tabby cat together. She would insist on bringing him an afternoon treat. Before long, he started winding around her little ankles as well.One day, while my granddaughter was pouring out the plastic baggie full of

44、 cat chow mixed with leftover chicken, she brought up a good point. She cried out, “Weve got to call them something!” My granddaughter stepped back and, deep in thought, studied the cat carefully as he enjoyed the remains of her Happy Meal. Then she announced, “Ive got it! Tom Tom! ”All the regular

45、runners, walkers, bikers and visitors to the greenway soon came to know the big, friendly orange tabby as Tom Tom. My granddaughter loved the cat. She looked forward to our greenway walks and visiting Tom Tom, something simple that the two of us did together. With her birthday approaching, I wanted

46、to do something extra special. I cooperated with a local college art student and produced a self-published childrens book for my granddaughter about our greenway friend. My only real intent was to print a copy or two for her birthday, so I was pleasantly surprised when several copies were sold! Soon

47、, Tom Tom became the most famous cat in town!注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Paragraph 1:On a Friday in January, the forecast was calling for a snowstorm. _Paragraph 2:Tom Tom has been part of our family for the past three years._【答案】Paragraph 1:On a Friday in January, the forecast was callin

48、g for a snowstorm. I went to the greenway and left extra cat food in case that I was unable to make it back out for a few days. Later that night, as I watched the almost disaster-like conditions, my heart sank as I thought of my greenway partner. More than a foot and a half of snow blanketed the gro

49、und after the storm passed, which was far more than had been predicted. Tom Tom was found the next day trapped under a bridge between two high piles of snow and ice. I was so thankful he was alive! At this point, I knew what I had to do.Paragraph 2:Tom Tom has been part of our family for the past th

50、ree years. Of all the cats I have ever had, I can honestly say that he has taught me the most. Much like a faithful dog, Tom Tom listens for my car to pull up in the driveway. I can sometimes see him jumping down from his upstairs lookout window and hear him running down the steps as Im unlocking th

51、e door, making sure he beats me to the kitchen by the time I enter. As I sit at my desk finishing this passage of my faithful running partner, I realize that he chose me, not the other way around and Im so glad he did.【解析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者在附近的林荫路上跑步期间，一只巨大的橙色斑猫成了自己的跑步搭档。在作者每次开始跑步时，斑猫都会和他一起跑上大约四分之一英里。

52、随后，作者的孙女和斑猫也形成了很好的关系。孙女给斑猫取名叫“Tom Tom”。之后，经常来这条林荫路上的人都知道了斑猫“Tom Tom”。在孙女生日即将到来时，作者和当地的一位大学生合作给孙女出版了关于斑猫的书。不久之后，斑猫“Tom Tom”便成了镇上最有名的猫！段落续写：由第一段首句内容“一月的一个星期五，天气预报说会有暴风雪。”可知，第一段可描写作者回到林荫路上，给斑猫放上猫粮以防斑猫在暴风雪中难以觅食。进而在暴雪之后作者发现斑猫，然后带斑猫回家。 由第二段首句内容“Tom Tom 在过去的三年里，一直是我们家的一员。”可知，第二段可描写作者与斑猫的日常相处活动，斑猫的行为使作者感受到家人般的温暖。续写线索：暴雪到来放上猫粮返回寻找带回喂养给予温暖心理感悟