专题23 阅读理解 议论文 - 2023年中考英语语法题型总复习宝典.docx

1、2023年中考英语语法题型总复习宝典专题二十三 阅读理解类型四 议论文人与自我生活与学习Passage 1(2022湖北随州)Do you have any online classes? It is possible to take classes at home. All you need is a computer and a headset.However, most students dont seem to like online classes. According to a recent survey, only 33 percent of the students would

2、 take such classes. Over 1,500 students from 10 cities took part in the survey.Many students said it was hard to focus on studying while taking online classes. This was true for Lian Ruohan,15,at The Affiliated High School of Peking University. “There are no classmates and no real teachers watching

3、me. I can surf the Internet or do other things if I want to. Its harder to always stay focused,” she said.Lian prepares a lot before taking her classes to make sure she will keep her attention. She also pushes herself to communicate with teachers. Students can come up with or answer questions while

4、taking online classes.Wen Jiayi,14, at Yucai Middle School Attached to Chengdu No. 7 High School, thinks online interaction(互动)isnt enough.“The online teachers dont really get to know me. When I dont hand in homework, all I get is a short message instead of real concern(关心),”she said.However, online

5、 classes still have advantages. “It saves time and money compared with taking offline classes. Also, if I dont understand some parts of a lesson, I can watch it over again,” Lian said.1.Many students think_.A. it is impossible to take online classes at homeB. its hard to focus on studying while taki

6、ng online classesC. they have to prepare a lot before taking online classesD. they cant communicate with the teachers online2.The underlined word “offline means“_” in Chinese.A.函授的B.网络的C.线下的D.媒体的3.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. Lian thinks it easy to always stay focused.B

7、. Wen is a student from a high school in Beijing.C. Lian thinks that online interaction isnt enough.D. Lian pushes herself to communicate with teachers in online classes.4.The passage is mainly about_.A. what the students think of online classesB. how the students take online classes at homeC. where

8、 the students take online classesD. why the students like taking online classes答案:语篇解读 本文是关于线上课程的一项调查,主要介绍两个学生的不同看法.子主题为“积极的学习体验,恰当的学习方法与策略,勤学善思”.1.B 细节理解题.根据第三段中“Many students said it was hard to focus on studying while taking online classes.”可知,许多学生表示,在线上课很难集中精力学习.2.C 词义猜测题.分析最后一段可知,将online和offlin

9、e作了比较,“online”意为“线上的”,所以offline的意思是“线下的”.3.D 细节理解题.根据第四段中“She also pushes herself to communicate with teachers.”可知,连若涵在上网课时,督促自己与老师交流.4.A 主旨大意题.本文主要是关于线上课程的调查,主要介绍两个学生的不同看法.Passage 2(2022 北京)A Pathway(路径)to Meaning in LifeWhen it comes to a meaningful life, we might think of love, happiness and heal

10、th. A life filled with meaning is what most of us want for ourselves. Then, what makes a meaningful life?Many researchers agree that a meaningful life comes down to three factors(因素):having long-term goals, believing that ones life matters, and feeling that ones life fits together and “makes sense”.

11、But we believe there is more to consider. Sometimes life enables us to experience small moments of beauty. When people are open to appreciating(欣赏)such experiences, these moments may improve how they see their own life. We call this experiential appreciation(EA). EA is about the person feeling conne

12、cted to events and being able to appreciate the value within the connection. It shows the discovery of and admiration for lifes beauty.We recently set out to better understand EA in studies. We were interested in whether EA was also tied to general judgment of meaning in life. If so, it could be a f

13、actor for meaningfulness.In the first study, we had people rate(评估)their support for different methods of reducing stress. We found that people who managed stress by focusing on their appreciation for lifes beauty also reported experiencing life as highly meaningful.In the next study, we asked peopl

14、e to rate the degree to which they agreed with various statements, such as “I appreciate the beauty of life and “I appreciate little things in life” as well as other statements that related to the three factors and a general sense of meaning in life. Our results showed that the more people reported

15、that they were “appreciating life and its many experiences, the more they felt their life was valuable. In the following studies, we further looked at the connection between EA and meaningfulness. For example, we found that people who were asked to look back on the most meaningful event of the past

16、week generally reported high EA in those moments.All the results proved our theory(假设)true. But putting it into practice can be difficult. Our fast-paced lifestyles fill the day with goals. We try to get the highest output both at work and in spare time. This focus on future outcomes makes it all to

17、o easy to miss what is happening right now. We should slow down and let life surprise us.1. You were most probably in the EA condition when_.A. you made a travel plan for the coming holidayB. you hurried to serve the customers in the storeC. you practiced hard to become the best violinistD. you stop

18、ped to admire the roses by the roadside2.What can we learn from the studies mentioned in the passage?A. Thinking back to the past weakens our sense of meaning.B. Enjoying small things can influence our attitude toward life.C. Proper stress management is the key to living a satisfying life.D. Good ju

19、dgment on beauty improves connections among people.3. What does the last paragraph mainly tell us?A. It is easier for results-driven people to achieve success.B. We often turn a blind eye to the present moment.C.A fast-paced lifestyle helps us reach our goals.D. Future life will bring us many more s

20、urprises.4. What is the writers main purpose in writing this passage?A. To explain how to discover beauty in life.B. To discuss what the true meaning of life is.C. To introduce a new factor for a meaningful life.D. To compare different factors for meaningfulness.答案:语篇解读本文主要介绍“体验生活之美”和“过有意义的人生”两者关系的科

21、学研究.子主题为“丰富、充实、积极向上的生活”.1.D 词义理解题.根据第三段中“EA is about the person feeling connected to events and being able to appreciate the value within the connection. It shows the discovery of and admiration for lifes beauty.”可知,EA是指人能感觉到事件间的联系,并能够在这种联系中欣赏其价值.它展示了对生活之美的发现和赞赏.根据EA的定义可以推论出D项(你停下来欣赏路边的玫瑰)符合EA状态.2.B

22、 推理判断题.根据第七段中“For example, we found.high EA in those moments.”可知,回顾过去有意义的事可提升EA,排除A项;根据第六段中“such as I appreciate the beauty of life.their life was valuable”可推测,享受小事影响我们的生活态度,B项正确;根据第五段中“We found that people.as highly meaningful.”可知,通过欣赏生活中美好的东西来管理压力的人觉得体验生活有意义,但不是关键,排除C项;根据第三段中“When people are.they

23、see their own life.”可知,对美的判断力可能会改善他们对自己生活的看法,不能改变与他人的联系,排除D项.3.B 段落大意题.根据最后一段中“This focus on future outcomes makes it all too easy to miss what is happening right now.”可知,这种对未来结果的关注使人们很容易错过目前正在发生的事情.B项(我们经常对现在的时刻视而不见)最符合本段主题.4.C写作目的题.文章阐释了一条实现有意义的生活的新路径,那就是发现并欣赏生活的美.因此可以推断作者的写作目的是为有意义的生活引入新因素.Passag

24、e 3(2022湖南湘潭)Recently, a study(研究),published in BMC Medicine, found that sitting in front of the TV for a long time was a risk for peoples health.After scientists used data(数据)on 370,000 people, covering 12 years, they found about 9,000 developed heart disease. They found people with genes(基因)of hea

25、rt problems were more likely to develop heart disease. However, they found that people without such genes watching more than four hours of TV every day were also at the greatest risk of heart disease. People spending 2 to 3 hours a day watching TV had a 6% lower risk. And those who watched less than

26、 an hour had a 16% lower risk. The scientists of the research team finally found cutting TV watching time to less than an hour a day could prevent 10% of heart disease.In life, people who want “one more episode(剧集)”might be the group at a higher risk, for they are easy to spend more time watching TV

27、. If they have more snacks while watching TV, it might add the risk of putting their hearts in danger. So, if people want to watch TV longer, standing up and moving the body, or hanging out will work. But limiting their time on TV could be a more useful way to help them avoid possible heart problems

28、 in the future.1.According to the text, how long did the research cover?A.10 years.B.12 years.C.14 years.2.From paragraph 2, which of the following is right?A. People watching one hour of TV are at the greatest risk.B. The less time people spend on TV, the lower the risk is.C. Watching TV is the onl

29、y reason to develop heart disease.3.Which best explains “limiting” underlined in paragraph 3?A.限制B.记录C.花费4.Where is this text probably from?A.A tour guide.B.A story book.C.A newspaper.5.What is the main idea of the text?A. Wed better not watch TV more than one hour a day.B. Hanging out after dinner

30、is good for our heart health.C. Having snacks while watching TV adds risks for heart.答案:语篇解读本文阐述了久坐看电视对人体健康的危害及减少看电视的时间危害风险会降低这一观点.子主题为“身心健康,抗挫能力,珍爱生命的意识”.1.B 细节理解题.根据第二段第一句中的“covering 12 years”可知选B.2.B 推理判断题.根据第二段中的“People spending 2 to 3 hours a day watching TV had a 6% lower risk. And those who w

31、atched less than an hour had a 16% lower risk.”可推知看电视时间越少,(患心脏病的)风险越小.3.A 词义猜测题.根据上下文可推知画线词所在句意为“但是限制他们花在电视上的时间会是一种帮助他们避免将来可能出现的心脏疾患的更有用的方法”.“限制”符合语境.4.C 文章出处题.本文的主要内容为阐述久坐看电视对人身体健康的危害,在报纸上被读到的可能性最大.5.A 主旨大意题.本文主要阐述了久坐看电视对人身体健康的危害及减少看电视的时间危害风险会降低的观点.人与自我做人与做事Passage 4(2022浙江绍兴)“I wish I had straight

32、 hair” ;“Id like to be taller”. At times, we all want to look a bit more like someone else. However, the pictures we see on TV and social media can give us improper ideas about how our bodies “should” look. The truth is that everybody is different-and thats a good thing. Accepting and feeling good a

33、bout our bodies is really important for our self-confidence(自信).Body confidence is when someone accepts and behaves kindly towards their body. That includes our size and shape, skin color, appearance and any physical disabilities. Jade Parnell from the Centre for Appearance Research(CAR),says that h

34、aving body confidence is “about being accepting of your body and what it does for you”.If you feel positively(积极地)about your body, you are more likely to take care of it. Research has even shown that you are more likely to take part in activities and perform well in school. However, feeling agitated

35、 about your body could make you step back, do less well at school and even feel down. Parnell says that the cost of trying to achieve the perfect appearance is high. She says,“ If youre spending a lot of time trying to look a certain way, you will have less time to spend with friends and to make imp

36、ortant memories.”Its important to remember that everybody is different. To develop a positive body image, Parnell says,“ Try to talk positively about your own body and other peoples bodies. Try not to pay too much attention to appearance. Instead, think about what your body does for you; do your leg

37、s make you run really fast?” She also suggests treating your body well by eating different kinds of foods, exercising to feel good and to have fun, and getting plenty of sleep. Remember that you are more than how you look.1.The writer thinks that the pictures on TV and social media_.A. are perfect f

38、or people to followB. may spread wrong ideas of looksC. imply everyone is differentD. show people how to behave kindly2.The underlined word “agitated probably means “_”.A. scaredB. seriousC. carelessD. worried3.Parnell will agree that you should_.A. accept your body as it isB. avoid talking about ot

39、hers bodiesC. spend more money on your appearanceD. remember what you used to be like4. What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To encourage readers to take more exercise.B. To remind readers not to eat too much food.C. To lead readers to build up body confidence.D. To advise readers to treat the

40、ir friends well.答案:语篇解读 文章主要论述了我们要积极地看待自己的身体,要有自信.子主题为“自我认识,自我管理,自我提升”.1.B 细节理解题.根据第一段中的“However, the pictures we see on TV and social media can give us improper ideas about how our bodies should look.”可知,我们在电视和社交媒体上看到的图片可能会给我们传递错误的外貌观念.2.D 词义猜测题.根据第三段中的“feeling agitated about your body could make y

41、ou step back, do less well at school and even feel down”可知,你会退步,在学校里表现不佳,甚至感到沮丧,应是因为你担心你的身体,故此处画线部分意为“担心”.3.A细节理解题.根据第二段中的“Jade Parnell.says that having body confidence is about being accepting of your body and what it does for you.”可知,Parnell认为要接受自己的身体原本的样子.4.C写作目的题.本文主要介绍了我们要积极地看待自己的身体,要有身体自信.人与社会

42、社会服务与人际沟通Passage 5(2022湖北十堰)There is no doubt that technology has had a big influence on our lives. People from all around the world can now talk to each other almost at once on mobile phones and the Internet. People can easily solve their problems with the help of computers and the world wide web.

43、With this technology, it seems that the world is more connected now than ever before. Even so, there have been worries about technology making people feel lonely and disconnected from others around them.So does this mean that technology makes us lonely?In my opinion, it is hard to say Yes or No.Its

44、true that humans need communication with each other. If we depend on technology too much to communicate, this can badly impact our mental(心理的)health. For me, technology is a tool. And just like any other kind of tool-like scissors, a pencil or a ruler, for example, it depends on how we use it: in a

45、right way or in a right place. Take social media(社交媒体)as an example. If you only use it to compare yourself with others, you might feel sad and lonely. But if you use it as a tool to connect with friends and family or to start a new community to talk about your hobbies and interests, the loneliness

46、will turn into love and friendship.When you feel lonely after staring at your computer screen all day, maybe you can use that technology to reach out to a reliable(可靠的)friend and invite him or her out for lunch or a coffee.1.According to the writer, technology is_.A. a toolB. an influenceC. a pair o

47、f scissorsD. a way of communication2.Whats the meaning of the underlined word impact in Paragraph 4?A.帮助B.促进C.影响D.进入3.According to the passage, if people use technology too much, people may_.A .sleep lessB. live longerC. feel lonelyD. get more jobs4.When we use technology to_ others, we can find lov

48、e and friendship.A. argue withB. compete withC. connect withD. compare with5.Whats the main idea of the passage?A. Social media is important to us.B. Technology can be good and bad to us.C. People need to communicate with each other.D. Computers and the Internet help us with our work.答案:语篇解读 本文介绍科技对

49、我们的生活产生了很大的影响,在带来便利的同时,使人们之间的交流变少了.作者呼吁我们可以多和朋友出去.子主题为“良好的人际关系与人际交往”.1.A细节理解题.根据第四段中“For me, technology is a tool.”可知选A.2.C 词义猜测题.分析“If we depend on technology too much to communicate, this can badly impact our mental health.”可知,如果我们过于依赖科技来交流,这会严重影响我们的心理健康.此处impact的意思是“影响”.3.C 细节理解题.根据第一段中“Even so,

50、there have been worries about technology making people feel lonely”可知,有人担心科技会让人们感到孤独.4.C 细节理解题.根据第四段中“But if you use it as a tool to connect with friends and family.the loneliness will turn into love and friendship.”可知,如果你把科技作为与朋友和家人联系的工具,孤独就会变成爱和友谊.5.B 主旨大意题.本文主要介绍科技对我们的生活产生了很大的影响,在为我们带来便利的同时,也带来了问

51、题.人与自然自然生态Passage 6(2022四川乐山)Do you think only humans are crazy about electronic products? You are wrong. 12 zoos in the United States and Canada have carried out(实施)a programme called Apps for Apes(大猩猩).It has found that the apes are also interested in playing iPads.“We find that, similar to people

52、, the apes like touching the screen and watching short videos,” said Richard Zimmerman, a manager of the programme.The apes in these zoos can play iPads twice a week. Every time, they spend from 15 minutes to half an hour using different apps in iPads. They are most interested in apps for children,

53、such as drawing, music and memory games.Zimmerman said,“ Its like when were showing pop-up books(立体书)to children. The apes are among the most intelligent(智能的)animals, and they are as clever as young children.”The workers in the zoo are also studying how communication apps can help the apes better. “

54、We find that an ape has a toothache. He would be able to touch a picture of a tooth on the iPad and communicate in that way,” said Zimmerman.The programme wants to make people pay attention to the living problems of apes in the wild. The apes are in danger because people cut down too many forests.1.

55、How many times can the apes play iPads in a week?A. Two times.B. Three times.C. Four times.2.Which of the following apps can make apes most interested in?A. Working.B. Shopping.C. Painting.3.What can we learn about apes from the article?A. Apes can make pop-up books.B. Apes are as smart as young chi

56、ldren.C. Apes use apps to protect themselves.4.How does the ape communicate when it has a toothache?A. By touching the picture.B. By telling the doctor.C. By showing its nose.-5.Where is this article most probably from?A.A magazine about children.B.A magazine about animals.C.A magazine about hobbies

57、.答案:语篇解读 本文主要讲述了大猩猩也对玩iPad感兴趣,通过实验,想让人们关注野生猿类的生存问题.子主题为“热爱与敬畏自然,与自然和谐共生”.1.A 细节理解题.根据第三段中“The apes in these zoos can play iPads twice a week.”可知,每周可以玩两次iPad. 2.C 细节理解题.根据第三段中“They are most interested in apps for children, such as drawing, music and memory games.”可知,它们最感兴趣的是针对儿童的应用程序,如绘画、音乐和记忆游戏.3.B

58、细节理解题.根据第四段中“The apes are among the most intelligent animals, and they are as clever as young children.”可知,大猩猩是最聪明的动物之一,它们和小孩子一样聪明.4.A细节理解题.根据第五段中“We find that an ape has a toothache. He would be able to touch a picture of a tooth on the iPad and communicate in that way”可知,大猩猩可以触摸iPad上的牙齿图片,并通过这种方式进行交流.5.B 文章主题题.根据全文内容可知,科学家通过实验发现,猩猩也对玩iPad感兴趣,因此文章与动物有关.