专题3.冠词考点聚焦和精讲 （原卷版）.docx

1、冠词考点聚焦和精讲【中考冠词考点聚焦】1、 不定冠词a与an的用法；2、 定冠词the的用法；3、“零”冠词的用法。一 不定冠词的用法不定冠词a / an用在单数名词的前面,a用在辅音开头的词前面; an用在元音开头的词的前面。不定冠词的基本用法：(1) 表示某一个人或东西,但不具体说明何人或何物。There is dog lying on the ground.(有一只狗躺在地上。)(2) 表示某类人或事物,以区别于其他种类。 elephant is much stronger than man.(大象比人强壮多了。)(不能译为：一头大象比一个人强壮。)(3) 表示某类人或事物中的任何一个。

2、He is teacher of English.(他是英语教师。)(4) 表示“一”这个数量。There is table and four chairs in that dining-room.(在那个餐厅里有一张桌子和四把椅子。)(5) 几个用不定冠词的习语：a bit(一点), a little(一点), a few(几个), a lot (许多), a kind of(一种), a pair of(一副、一双), a number of(大量的), a piece of (一张、一片), half an hour(半小时), have a good time(玩得开心), have

3、a cold(感冒), make a noise(发出嘈杂声), have/take a (rest等)(休息)一会儿,等等。二 定冠词用法定冠词的基本用法：(1)表示特指的人或事物。The man with a flower in his hand is Jack.(手上拿着一朵花的男人是杰克)(2)指谈话双方都熟悉的人或事物。Look at the blackboard,Lily.(莉莉,请看黑板。)(3)复述前面提到过的人或事物。There is a man under the tree. The man is called Robert.(树下有个人, 那个人叫罗伯特。)(4)表示世界

4、上独一无二的事物。The earth turns around the sun.(地球绕太阳旋转。)(5)用在表示方位的名词前面。There will be strong wind to the south of the Yangtze River.(长江以南地 区将会刮大风。)(6)在序数词和形容词最高级的前面。Who is the first one to go?(谁第一个去？)Of all the stars, the sun is the nearest to the earth.(在所有的恒星之中太阳离地球最近)(7)常用在乐器名称的前面。He began to play the v

5、iolin at the age of 5.(五岁时他开始拉小提琴)(8)用在江河、海洋、山脉等名称的前面。I have never been to the Himalaya Mountains.(我从来没有去过喜马拉雅山)(9)用在含有普通名词的专有名词的前面。He is from the United States of America.(他来自美利坚合众国)(10)用在姓氏之前表示一家人。The Greens are going to Mount Emei next month.(下个月格林一家要去峨眉山)(11)same之前一般用the。Lucy and Lily look the s

6、ame.(露西和莉莉看上去长得一样)(12)几个用定冠词的习语：at the same time (与此同时),make the bed(铺床),in the end(最后),all the time(一直),by the way(顺便说一下),on the way(在路上)等等。 三 不用冠词的情况（即“零”冠词的用法）(1)专有名词和(第一次使用)一些不可数名词时前面通常不用。China is a very large country.(中国是个大国)Man needs air and water.(人类需要空气和水) (2)名词前已有指示、物主或不定代词作定语时不用。My pen is

7、much more expensive than yours.(我的钢笔比你的昂贵多了)(3)周名,月名或季节名前一般不用。He was born on Monday, February 18,1995.(他出生在1995年二月十八日,星期一)They usually plant trees on the hills in spring.(春天他们通常在山上植树)(4) (第一次使用)复数名词表示人或事物的类别时不用。Men are cleverer than monkeys.(人比猴子聪明)(5)三餐饭前不用。We have breakfast at home and lunch at sc

8、hool.(我们在家吃早饭,在校吃午饭)(6)节、假日前一般不用。On Childrens Day the boys often get presents from their parents.(在儿童节,这些男孩经常得到父母的礼物)(7)球类名词前不用。The children play football on Saturday afternoons.(孩子们星期六下午踢足球)(8)城市的重要/主要建筑物名称前不用。They are now at Peoples Cinema.(他们此刻在人民电影院)(9)一些习惯用语中不用。 at / to / from / out of / after

9、/ for school; in / to / for / after class; in / to / out of / into bed; after / at/ from / out of / to work; at / to sea; in / from / down / to town; at / from home; at / for / to breakfast/lunch/supper; at night/noon/midnight; on foot; go to school/bed; on top of; in front of; on show/display/duty/

10、watch; in / out of hospital; at all; on/in time; at first/last/once; in Chinese/English,etc.; take care of 四冠词的位置 通常情况：冠词位于名词前，若名词前有形容词修饰，冠词要放在形容词之前。a beautiful flower; an hour。 特殊情况：不定冠词在half, such, what, many之后。such a nice girl (=so nice a girl) / half an hourMany a student has passed the exam. (=

11、 Many students have passed the exam.)What a beautiful flower! (= How beautiful a flower!)不定冠词在as, so, how, too修饰的形容词之后。How cold a day it is! (= What a cold day it is!) 副词quite和rather可置于不定冠词之前。Its quite a nice horse. (=Its a very nice horse) / Its rather a hot day today. (=Its a very hot day today)当名

12、词由both或all, whole修饰时，定冠词须放在both或all之后, whole 之前。all the students, both the children, the whole story题组1用适当的冠词填空1. Ed went to study art in Paris and became artist.2.Your best friend is telling you joke, but you cant catch it!3.And my father is engineer. He is busy every day, but he tries to spend mor

13、e time with us.4.But fish live in very different world from us.5.Li Wen lives with his grandparents in the countryside. He is 14-year-old boy. 6.It was first developed in China as wushu, but its becoming one of most popular sports around the world.7.In the kitchen,there was surprise for Claudiohis f

14、avorite pancakes.8.Whats amazing is that Beth hasnt ever been to drum lesson. 9.But with social-distancing(社交距离)rules in United States, many summer camps face difficult decisions.10.For first time in his life, Mr Happy lost his smile.11.I took him to computer in my room and said,“Right here.” 12.Som

15、e had practiced with private chess teachers, but Tani had practiced on floor of the homeless shelter alone.13.Joseph has written book called Facing the Lion. In the book, he talks about his childhood.14.Florence was unusual young woman for her time, because she didnt want to go to parties and get ma

16、rried.15.There isancient castle(城堡)and were going there next week.题组2填空题1.The United Nations is international organization, which is meant to encourage countries to work together on different opinions without the use of war.2.Each student tried to describe the black dot, but no one wrote about white

17、 area around the dot.3.And bamboo played important role in it.4.Wuhan is one of largest and most beautiful cities in China.5.Soon, another bus driver and ambulance(救护车) arrived to help. They sent the driver to the hospital.6.Wish the train could be less noisy?There might be solution for you. 7.Wang

18、Dewen, great Chinese woodworker, lives in Wuzhou,South Chinas Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.8.Then he went to the market, but nobody wanted to pay a gold coin for such ugly ring.9.Then he handed his son bag. Inside the bag were clothes, some food, a little money and a map.10.Later that night, I m

19、ade decision. 11.The amazing one was that they had to exchange things worth thousands of yuan with only a piece of paper in half hour. 12.Then strong old farmer, named Peter, came along. 13.But the bottle was too slippery(滑的) and he dropped it. kitchen floor was covered in milk. 14.Many people welco

20、me the citys growth. But number of Dubai natives worry about the speed of change. 题组3.选择题1（2023湖北十堰统考中考真题）Do you know Journey to the West?Yes. Its _ interesting book. I like it very much.AaBanCtheD/2（2023山东青岛统考中考真题）I watched The Wandering Earth last night. It is _ wonderful film.AaBanCtheD/3（2023山东东

21、营统考中考真题）After taking _ class from Tiangong space station on October 12th, 2022, I became interested in science.AaBanCtheD/4（2023江苏宿迁统考中考真题）Betty began to play _ violin at the age of four. No wonder she plays so well.AaBanCtheD/5（2023吉林长春统考中考真题）James is _ hard-working engineer. His spirit encourages

22、us.AaBanCtheD/6（2023辽宁沈阳统考中考真题）The spirit of Lei Feng always encourages us to give _ hand to others.AaBanCtheD不填7（2023新疆中考真题）Have you heard of Xu Fengcan, _ excellent pilot?Yes, she made every effort on _ way to growing into a real pilot.Athe；/Bthe；aCan；theDan；/8（2023辽宁营口中考真题）Chinas panda Ya Ya fini

23、shed _ 30-day stay in Shanghai after landing in China and then was sent to Beijing Zoo in _ May.Aa; aBa; theCthe; aDa; /9（2023吉林统考中考真题）Jenny ordered a hamburger and _ hamburger was nice.AaBanCthe10（2023黑龙江绥化统考中考真题）Bob is my brother. He likes playing _ basketball, but he doesnt like playing _ piano.A

24、the; aB/; theCan; the11（2023湖南郴州统考中考真题）Id like to help kids with their schoolwork.You could volunteer in _ after-school study program to teach them.AtheBanCa12（2023山东菏泽统考中考真题）Is this your pen?No, it isnt. _ red one is mine.AABAnCThe题组4.语法选择There were two men who lived next to each other. One of them

25、 was a retired teacher and 1 other was 2 insurance agent (保险代理人). Both of them had planted many different plants in their gardens. 3 retired teacher rarely watered his plants and didnt pay 4 lot of attention to them. But 5 his neighbor was very careful with his plants and watered them often.The reti

26、red teachers plants were small, but still looked okay, while the insurance agents plants were much bigger and greener. One night, there was heavy rain and wind due to 6 minor (较小的) storm. 7 next morning, both of the neighbors came out to check on their gardens. The insurance agent saw that his plant

27、s had been ripped from 8 ground and were totally destroyed. But the retired teachers plants were not damaged at all but stood firm.The insurance agent was surprised. He went to consult (咨询) the retired teacher. “We both grew 9 same plants and I cared for my plants better than you did. How could your

28、 plants still be okay?”The retired teacher smiled and said, “Because you gave your plants too much attention. You made it too easy for them to grow. I gave my plants just 10 little bit of water, so their roots had to grow deeper to absorb (吸收) more water. That is why my plants survived.”1.A.aB.anC.t

29、heD./2.A.aB.anC.theD./3.A.AB.AnC.TheD./4.A.aB.anC.theD./5.A.aB.anC.theD./6.A.aB.anC.theD./7.A.AB.AnC.TheD./8.A.aB.anC.theD./9.A.aB.anC.theD./10.A.aB.anC.theD./题组5.短文填空When you catch 1 endangered animal, its right to set it free.2 fisherman went above and beyond to save 3 dolphin after catching it in

30、 his net by accident. Many people got together to watch as 4 fisherman freed the dolphin from the net and then put it safely back into the water.It took place in Purnia, India, on July 3, Southwest News Service reported.The animal was a Ganges River dolphin, 5 kind of endangered species(濒危物种) protected by the Indian Wildlife Act.1.2.3.4.5.